Lewis & Short

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Acca, ae, f. [cf. Sct. accā = mater, and the Gr. Ἀκκώ = mater Cereris].

  1. I. Lā-rentĭa, the wife of the shepherd Faustulus, who nursed and brought up the twins Romulus and Remus; mother of the twelve Arvales Fratres, Varr. L. L. 6, 23; Gell. 6, 7. In her honor the Romans celebrated in December a feast called Lārentālĭa, or Accālĭa (v. Larentia).
  2. II. A companion of Camilla, Verg. A. 11, 820.

Albānus, a, um, adj. [Alba].

  1. I.
    1. A. Pertaining to the town of Alba, Alban: exercitus, Liv. 1, 28: pax, the peace between the Romans and Albans, id. 1, 27.
    2. B. Pertaining to Albania: mare Albanum, Plin. 6, 13, 15, § 38: ora, Val. Fl. 5, 460.
  2. II. Hence, Albāni, ōrum, m.
    1. A. The Albans, the inhabitants of Alba Longa, Liv. 1, 29.
    2. B. The Albanians, the inhabitants of Albania, on the Caspian Sea, Plin. 6, 13, 15, § 38.
      Esp., Lăcus Albānus, a deep lake in Latium, south of Rome, and on the west side of old Alba, now Lago di Albano, Liv. 5, 15.
      Mons Albānus, a rocky mountain in Latium, now Monte Cavo, lying eastward from the Alban Lake, 2500 feet above the surface of the Tyrrhene Sea, on whose western declivity, extending to the lake, was the old Alba Longa. Upon its summit, which afforded a noble view, stood the splendid temple of Juppiter Latiaris, up to which wound a paved way, still in part existing, for the festive processions in the holidays of the Latins (feriae Latinae), as well as for the ovations of the Roman generals, cf. Müll. Roms Camp. 2, 139-146.
      Lăpis Albānus, the kind of stone hewn from Mount Alba, called in Ital. peperino or piperno, Vitr. 2, 7; hence. Albanae columnae, made of such stone, Cic. Scaur. 2, 45.
      Albānum, i, n., an estate at Alba, Cic. Att. 7, 5; Quint. 5, 13, 40; Suet. Aug. 72.

2. Castor, ŏris (acc. to some gramm. Castōris, Quint. 1, 5, 60), m., = Κάστωρ.

  1. I. The son of the Spartan king Tyndarus and Leda, brother of Helena and Pollux, with whom, as twin star (Gemini; hence even Castores, Plin. 10, 43, 60, § 121; 35, 4, 10, § 27; 7, 22, 22, § 86; and: alter Castor, Stat. S. 4, 6, 16), he served as a guide to mariners, Varr. L. L. 5, § 58; Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6; 3, 18, 45; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 5; id. Epod. 17, 42; 17, 43; id. C. 4, 5, 35: gaudet equis, id. S. 2, 1, 26; cf. id. C. 1, 12, 25, and Ov. M. 12, 401: ad Castoris (sc. aedem), on the forum, Cic. Mil. 33, 91; where pecuniary affairs were transacted, id. Quint. 4, 17; cf. Juv. 14, 260.
  2. II. Derivv.
    1. A. In oaths: ecastor and mecastor [the old interj. e or the pron. acc. me, prefixed; cf.: equidem, edepol; mehercle, medius fiduis, etc., v. Corss. Ausspr. II. p. 856 sq.], by Castor, an oath in very frequent use, especially by women, though not exclusively by them, as asserted by Gell. 11, 6, 1, and Charis. p. 183 P.; cf. Plaut. As. 5, 2, 46; 5, 2, 80; id. Cas. 5, 4, 13: ecastor, re experior, quanti facias uxorem tuam, id. Am. 1, 3, 10; 1, 3, 39; id. Cist. 4, 2, 61; id. Truc. 2, 5, 28; id. Poen. 1, 2, 71; id. Stich. 1, 3, 89; id. As. 1, 3, 36; id. Truc. 2, 2, 60; id. As. 3, 1, 30; id. Stich. 1, 3, 81: ecastor vero, id. Merc. 4, 1, 25: per ecastor scitus (i. e. perscitus ecastor) puer est natus Pamphilo, Ter. And. 3, 2, 6: nec nunc mecastor quid hero ego dicam queo comminisci, Plaut. Aul, 1, 1, 28; cf. id. Merc. 4, 1, 6; id. Cas. 2, 3, 30; id. Men. 4, 2, 50; id. Mil. 1, 1, 63; cf. also id. Stich. 1, 3, 86; id. Truc. 2, 2, 36; 2, 7, 30; 3, 2, 11; 4, 4, 9; 5, 1, 26: Sy. Salve, mecastor, Parmenio. Pa. Et tu, edepol, Syra, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 8 Don.
    2. B. Ad Castŏris or Lŏcus Ca-stŏrum, nom. propr., a place in Upper Italy, between Cremona and Bedriacum, where stood a shrine of Castor and Pollux, Suet. Oth. 9; Tac. H. 2, 24.
    3. C. Castŏrĕus, a, um, adj. of Castor: manus, Sen. Hippol. 810.
  3. III. A companion of Æneas, Verg. A. 10, 124.
  4. IV. The grandson of king Deiotarus, Cic. Deiot. 1, 2, 10; 1, 2, 28 sq.
  5. V. Castor Tarcondarius, a chieftain of Gallogrœcia, ally of Pompey, Caes. B. C. 3, 4.
  6. VI. Antonius Castor, an author on botany, Plin. 25, 17, 66, § 174; 25, 2, 5, § 9.

* dē-lā̆crĭmo (lacrumo), āre, v. n., to shed tears, to weep; transf., of the vine, Col. 4, 9 fin.

L, l, indecl. n. or (on account of littera) f., the eleventh letter of the Latin alphabet (I and J being counted as one), in form modified from a Λ, like the Greek, but with the angle downward. In sound it was identical with Gr. lambda, Engl.

  1. I. l. L has, according to Pliny, a threefold power: the slight sound of the second l, when doubled, as in ille, Metellus; a full sound, when it ends words or syllables, or follows a consonant in the same syllable, as in sol, silva, flavus, clarus; and a middle sound in other cases, as in lectus, Prisc. 1, 7, 38 (p. 555 P.). In transcriptions of Greek words in Latin and of Latin words in Greek letters, it always corresponds to Λ.
  2. II. In etymology it represents,
      1. 1. Usually an original l; cf. alius, ἄλλος; lego, λέγω; leo, λέων; lavo, λούω, etc.
      2. 2. Sometimes an r, as in lilium, λείριον; balbus, βάρβαρος; latrare, Sanscr. ra-, to bark; lateo, Sanscr. rah-, to abandon; luceo, Sanscr. ruc-, etc.; cf. also the endings in australis, corporalis, liberalis, and in stellaris, capillaris, maxillaris.
      3. 3. Sometimes a d; cf. lacrima, δάκρυον; levir, Sanscr. dēvar, Gr. δαήρ; oleo, odor, Gr. ὄζω, ὄδωδα; uligo, udus; adeps, Sanscr lip-, to smear, Gr. ἄλειφαρ.
  3. III. Before l an initial guttural or t is often dropped, as latus for tlatus, lis for stlis, lamentum from clamo; lac, cf. Gr. γαλακτ-; and a preceding c, d, n, r, s, or x is omitted or assimilated, as sella for sedula (sed-la), corolla for coronula (coronla), prelum for prem-lum (from premo), āla = ax-la (axilla); so, libellus for liberulus (liber), alligo for ad-ligo, ullus for unulus. In the nominative of nouns the ending s is not added after l, as in consul, vigil; and l final occurs in Latin only in such words.
  4. IV. L stands alone,
    1. A. As a numeral for 50.
    2. B. As an abbreviation, usually for Lucius; rarely for libens, locus, or libertus.

† lăbărum, i, n., = λαβαρόν, the labarum, a Roman military standard of the later times, richly ornamented with gold and precious stones, and bearing the effigy of the general. Constantine the Great placed upon it a crown, a cross, and the initial letters of the name Jesus Christus, and made it the imperial standard, Prud. ap. Symm. 1, 487; Tert. Apol. 16.

lăbasco, ĕre, v. n. inch., and lăba-scor, ci, v. dep. [labo], to totter, be ready to fall (ante-and post-class.).

  1. I. Lit.: quod crebro tunditur ictu, vincitur in longo spatio tamen atque labascit, Lucr. 4, 1285; 1, 537.
  2. II. Trop., to waver, give way, yield.
    Form labascor, Att. ap. Non. 473, 9: postquam vidit misericordia labasci mentem infirmam populi, Varr. ib. 473, 11.
    Form labasco: leno labascit, Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 38: labascit victus uno verbo, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 98; id. Ad. 2, 2, 31: animum vi quadam nova ictum labascere, Gell. 15, 2, 7.

1. labda, n. indecl., = λάμβδα, the Greek letter Λ; supinum, i. e. an inverted V, Mart. Cap. 9, § 943.

    1. 2. † labda, ae, m., = λάβδα, a voluptuary, i. q. irrumator (ante- and post-class.), Varr. ap. Non. 70, 11; Aus. Epigr. 126.

Labdăcē, ēs, f., = Λαβδάκη, the name of a girl, Auct. Priap. 79, 5.

Labdăcĭdes, ae, v. Labdacus, II. B.

† labdăcismus, i, m., = λαβδακισμός, labdacism, a fault in speaking.

  1. I. The too frequent use of the letter l (as, sol et luna luce lucebant alba, levi, lactea), Mart. Cap. 5, § 514.
  2. II. An erroneous pronunciation of the letter l, like the Spanish ll, Diom. 448 P.; Isid. Orig. 1, 31, 8.

Labdăcus, i, m., = Λάβδακος,

  1. I. a king of Thebes, father of Lāius, Sen. Herc Fur. 495; id. Phoen. 53.
  2. II. Hence,
    1. A. Lab-dăcĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Labdacus: dux, i. e. Eteocles, so called after his grandfather Lāius, Stat. Th. 2, 210.
    2. B. Labdăcĭdes, ae, m., a male descendant of Labdacus, a Labdacide; applied to Polynīces as grandson of Laius, Stat. Th. 6, 450.
      Plur.: Labdăcĭdae, ārum, m., the Thebans, Stat. Th. 9, 777; 10, 36.

lăbĕa, ae, v. labia.

Labĕātes, ĭum (Labĕātae, ārum, Plin. 3, 22, 26, § 144), m., a people of Illyria, whose capital was Scodra, Liv. 44, 31; 32; 45, 26.
Hence, Labĕātis, īdis, adj., of or belonging to the Labeates: palus, Liv. 44, 31, 2: Meteone Labeatidis terrae, id. 44, 23, 3.

lābēcŭla, ae, f. dim. [2. labes], a slight stain or disgrace, a blemish; opprobrium: alicui aspergere labeculam, Cic. Vatin. 17, 41.

lăbĕfăcĭo, fēci, factum (labefactarier, Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 5), 3, v. a.; pass.: lăbĕfīo, factus, fieri [labo-facio], to cause to totter, to shake, loosen, to make ready to fall (Cic. uses only labefactus).

  1. I. Lit.: dentes alicui, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 36: partem muri, Caes. B. C. 2, 22: labefactae aedes, Tac. A. 1, 75: labefacta ictibus arbor Corruit, Ov. M. 8, 776; id. ib. 3, 69: charta (i. e. epistola) a vinclis non labefacta suis, loosened, opened, id. P. 3, 7, 6: munimenta incussu arietis labefieri, Sen. Const. Sap. 6.
    Poet.: ignes labefacti aëre multo, weakened, Lucr. 5, 653: membra voluptatis dum vi labefacta liquescunt, id. 4, 1108: calor labefacta per ossa cucurrit, Verg. A. 8, 390.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To cause to waver, to shake a person in his mind, principles, or fidelity: aliquem, Laber. ap. Macr. S. 2, 7: quem nulla umquam vis, nullae minae, nulla invidia labefecit, Cic. Sest. 47, 101. primores classiariorum, to shake their fidelity, excite them to mutiny, Tac. A. 15, 51: sic animus vario labefactus vulnere nutat, Ov. M. 10, 375; cf. in Greek construction: magno animum labefactus amore, shaken, disquieted, Verg. A. 4, 395.
    2. B. To shake, weaken; to overthrow, ruin, destroy: haec (res publica) jam labefacta, Cic. Har. Resp. 27, 60: quo, per contumeliam consulum, jura plebis labefacta essent, Liv. 3, 64: nihil hunc amicitia Sejani, sed labefacit haud minus ad exitia Macronis odium, Tac. A. 6, 29 (35): si priorem aetate et jam labefactum demovisset, id. ib. 4, 60: ne quis contagione ceteros labefaciat, Col. 6, 5, 1; cf. Tac. H. 2, 93: fidem, to shake or weaken one’s credit, Suet. Vesp. 4.

lăbĕfactātĭo, ōnis, f. [labefacio], a shaking, loosening, weakening.

  1. I. Lit.: dentium, looseness, Plin. 23, 1, 27, § 56.
  2. * II. Trop.: mediocris labefactatio caedi comparatur, Quint. 8, 4, 14: libertatis, Cod. Th. 4, 8, 5, § 5.

lăbĕfacto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. [labefacio], to cause to totter, to shake, to overthrow (syn.: quatio, concutio).

  1. I. Lit.: signum vectibus, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 49: horrea bellicis machinis, Suet. Ner. 38: aedium fundamenta, Cod. Th. 10, 19, 14: phalangii morsus genua labefactat, Plin. 29, 4, 27, § 86.
    1. B. Transf., in gen., to injure, weaken, ruin, destroy: sensus, Lucr. 1, 694: onus gravidi ventris, to procure an abortion, Ov. Am. 2, 13, 1: colla boum, to hurt, gall, Col. 2, 2, 22.
  2. II. Trop., to shake, throw down, overthrow, destroy, ruin, weaken (a favorite expression of Cic.): animam, Lucr. 6, 798: aliquem, Cic. Fam. 12, 25, 2; id. Dom. 12, 27; id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 44: alicujus consulatum, id. Mil. 13, 34: alicujus dignitatem, id. Rab. Post. 16, 44: invidiā verbi orationem, id. Fin. 1, 13, 43: Aristoteles primus species labefactavit, quas mirifice Plato erat amplexatus, id. Ac. 1, 9, 33: conjurationem, id. Cat. 4, 10, 22: causam ad judicem, id. Rosc. Com. 4, 13: fidem, Liv. 24, 20: opinionem, Cic. Clu. 2, 6; so, labefactare alone, to shake in purpose, move, cause to yield: me video ab ea astute labefactarier, Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 3: labefacto paulatim (sc. eum), Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 68: non illam rarae labefactes munere vestis, corrupt, Cat. 69, 3, cf.: castimoniam viduae, Cod. Th. 9, 25, 1: rem publicam, Cic. Fin. 1, 13, 43: maximas res publicas ab adulescentibus labefactatas … reperietis, id. Sen. 6, 20; cf.: Carthaginem et Corinthum, id. Rep. 2, 4, 7: labefactarat vehementer aratores superior annus, id. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47: amicitiam aut justitiam labefactare atque pervertere, id. Fin. 3, 21, 70: leges ac jura, id. Caecin. 25, 70: alicujus fidem pretio, id. Clu. 68, 194: provinciarum fidem, Tac. A. 13, 21: (praecepta) labefactari aliqua parte, Quint. 2, 13, 14.

lăbĕfactus, a, um, Part., from labefacio.

lăbĕfīo, pass. of labefacio.

1. lăbellum, i, n. dim. [1. labrum], a little lip, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 67; id. As. 4, 1, 52: dentes illidunt saepe labellis, * Lucr. 4, 1080: Platoni cum in cunis parvulo dormienti apes in labellis consedissent, Cic. Div. 1, 36, 78: nec te paeniteat calamo trivisse labellum, Verg. E. 2, 34; cf.: et roseo terit ore deus mollique labello, Pub. Syr. ap. Wernsd. Poet. L. Min. 2, 388: digito compesce labellum, Juv. 1, 160: extendere, to pout, thrust out, id. 15, 325: compara labella cum labellis, i. e. kiss, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 78.
As a term of endearment: meus ocellus, meum labellum, mea salus, meum savium, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 153; so id. ib. 1, 2, 175.

2. lăbellum, i, n. dim. [2. labrum],

  1. I. a small water-vessel, a tub, bathing-tub, Cato, R. R. 10, 2; 88: labellum fictile novum impleto paleis, Col. 12, 44, 1; 12, 28, 3.
  2. II. Esp., a small pan or basin set on a tomb for use in libations, Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66.

1. lăbĕo, ōnis, m. amplif. [labium], one who has large lips, who is blubber-lipped: esse quosdam capitones, frontones, labeones, Arn. 3, 108; cf.: labio, Ver. Flac. ap. Charis. 1, 79.

2. Lăbĕo, ōnis, m., a surname: labra, a quibus Brocchi Labeones dicti, Plin. 11, 37, 60, § 159.
Esp. a surname of the Antistii, Atinii, Fabii, and other Roman families; so, Antistius Labeo, a celebrated teacher of law in the time of Augustus, Gell. 13, 10, 1; Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 44; 47; Gai. Inst. 1, 188.

* lăbĕōsus, a, um, adj. [labeo, labio], having large lips, blubber-lipped: philema, Lucr. 4, 1169.

Lăbĕrĭus, a,

  1. I. name of a Roman gens; so esp. D. Laberius, a knight, celebrated as a composer of mimes, Cic. Fam. 7, 11; 12, 18; Hor. S. 1, 10, 6; Suet. Caes. 39; Sen. de Ira, 2, 11; Macr. S. 2, 7.
    Hence,
  2. II. Lă-bĕrĭānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to D. Laberius, Laberian: versus, Sen. de Ira, 2, 11, 4.

1. lābes, is (abl. labi for labe, Lucr. 5, 930), f. [1. lābor], a fall, falling down, sinking in.

  1. I. Lit. (rare but class.): dare labem, Lucr. 2, 1145: motus terrae Rhodum … gravi ruinarum labe concussit, Just. 30, 4, 3: tantos terrae motus in Italia factos esse, ut multis locis labes factae sint terraeque desederint, subsidences of the earth, Cic. Div. 1, 35, 78; cf.: labes agri, id. ib. 1, 43, 97: terrae, Liv. 42, 15; so absol.: si labes facta sit, omnemque fructum tulerit, Dig. 19, 2, 15, § 2: labes imbris e caelo, Arn. 5, 185.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. A fall, stroke, ruin, destruction: hinc mihi prima mali labes, the first blow of misfortune, Verg. A. 2, 97: haec prima mali labes, hoc initium impendentis ruinae fuit, Just. 17, 1, 5: metuo legionibu’ labem, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 378 P. (Ann. v. 283 Vahl.): quanta pernis pestis veniet, quanta labes larido, Plaut. Capt. 4, 3, 3: innocentiae labes ac ruina, Cic. Fl. 10, 24: labes in tabella, id. Lael. 12, 41: regnorum labes, Val. Fl. 5, 237.
    2. B. Meton., ruin, destruction; of a dangerous person, one who causes ruin: (Verres) labes atque pernicies provinciae Siciliae, Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 2: labes popli, Plant. Pers. 3, 3, 4.
      Of a bad law: labes atque eluvies civitatis, Cic. Dom. 20, 53.
      1. 2. In partic., the falling sickness, epilepsy, Ser. Samm. 57, 1018.
        Hence, in gen., disease, sickness, Grat. Cyneg. 468.

2. lābes, is, f. [Gr. λώβη, λωβεύω; cf. Curt. Griech. Etym. p. 372]. a spot, blot, stain, blemish, defect.

  1. I. Lit. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): tractata notam labemque remittunt Atramenta, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 235: sine labe toga, Ov. A. A. 1, 514: purum et sine labe salinum, Pers. 3, 25: victima labe carens, Ov. M. 15, 130: aliqua corporis labe insignis, Suet. Aug. 38: item quae (virgo) lingua debili sensuve aurium deminuta, aliave qua corporis labe insignita sit, Gell. 1, 12, 3.
  2. II. Trop., a stain, blot, stigma, disgrace, discredit: labes macula in vestimento dicitur, et deinde μεταφορικῶς transfertur in homines vituperatione dignos, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 Müll. (freq. and class.): animi labes nec diuturnitate evanescere, nec amnibus ullis elui potest, Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 24: saeculi labes atque macula, id. Balb. 6, 15: labem alicujus dignitati aspergere, a stain, disgrace, id. Vatin. 6, 15: labem alicui inferre, id. Cael. 18, 42: famae non sine labe meae, Prop. 4 (5), 8, 20: domus sine labe, Juv. 14, 69: vita sine labe peracta, Ov. P. 2, 7, 49: abolere labem prioris ignominiae, Tac. H. 3, 24: donec longa dies … concretam eximit labem, purumque relinquit sensum, Verg. A. 6, 746.
    Of an immoral custom: dedit hanc contagio labem, Juv. 2, 78.
    Plur.: conscientiae labes habere, Cic. Off. 3, 21, 85: peccatorum labibus inquinati, Lact. 4, 26; id. Ira Dei, 19.
        1. b. Meton. (abstr. pro concreto), a disgrace, i. e. a good-for-nothing fellow, a wretch: habeo quem opponam labi illi atque caeno, Cic. Sest. 8, 20: caenum illud ac labes, id. ib. 11, 26.

lăbĭa or lăbĕa, ae, f., and lăbĭum, ii, n. [Gr. λάπτω; Lat. lambo, labrum, labeo; cf. Germ. Lippe; Engl. lip],

  1. I. a lip (form labia, ante- and post-class. for labrum; labium, also post-Aug.: Verrius Flaccus sic distinxit, modica esse labra, labia immodica et inde labiones dici, Charis. p. 79 P.): dejecta labia, App. M. 3, p. 140.
    In neutr.: labium, Seren. ap. Non. 210, 21.
    More freq. in plur.: age tibicen: refer ad labias tibias, Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 41: tremulus labeis demissis, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 44; Nigid. ap. Gell. 10, 4, 4: labiae pendulae, App. M. 3, p. 140.
    Form labea, Pompon. ap. Non. 456, 43: labearum ductu, Gell. 18, 4, 6.
    In neutr.: salivosa labia, App. Mag. p. 313: labiorum fissuris mederi, Plin. 29, 3, 11, § 46: ulcera labiorum, id. 34, 11, 27, § 115; Quint. 11, 3, 160 dub.; Lact. Opif. D. 10, 13; Just. 1, 10, 15; 15, 3, 4.
    Prov.: labiis ductare aliquem, to ridicule, make game of one, Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 15.
  2. II. Transf., the axle or some other part of an oil-press: labiam bifariam facito, Cato, R. R. 20, 2.

Lăbīci (Lăvīci), ōrum, m. (Lăbī-cum, i, n., Sil. 12, 534),

  1. I. a town of Latium, between Tusculum and Præneste, now Colonna, Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 96; Liv. 3, 39; 4, 45: arva Labici, Sil. 12, 534.
    Hence,
  2. II.
    1. A. Lăbīci, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Labicum, the Labici (poet.): picti scuta Labici, Verg. A. 7, 796; Sil. 8, 368.
    2. B. Lăbī-cānus (scanned Lābīcānus, Mart. 1, 89), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Labicum, Labican: ager, Liv. 26, 9, 11: via, leading from Rome to Labicum, id. 4, 41: vicinitas, Cic. Planc. 9, 23.
      1. 2. Subst.
        1. a. Lăbī-cāni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Labicum, Labicans, Liv. 4, 45; 6, 21.
        2. b. Lă-bīcānus, i, m. (sc. ager), the territory of Labicum: habuit fundum in Labicano, Cic. Par. 6, 3, 50.

* lābĭdus, a, um, adj. [1. labor], where one is apt to fall, slippery: iter, Vitr. 6 prooem.

Lăbĭēnus, i, m., the name of several Romans. In partic.,

  1. I. T. Atius L., a legate of Cæsar in Gaul, who afterwards went over to Pompey, Caes. B. G. 1, 10; Hirt. ib. 8, 52; Caes. B. C. 3, 13; Cic. Att. 7, 11, 1.
    1. B. Hence, Lăbĭēnĭānus, a, um, adj., of Labienus: milites, Auct. B. Afr. 29, 2.
  2. II. Q. Atius L., an uncle of the former, an adherent of Saturninus, Cic. Rab. Perd. 5 and 7.
  3. III. A rhetorician, who, from the boldness and fierceness of his disposition, was called Rabienus, Sen. Contr. 5 praef.

lābĭlis, e, adj. [1. labor], (post-class. for caducus, infirmus, debilis).

  1. I. Slipping, gliding, prone to slip or slide.
    1. A. Lit.: humus rivis operta sanguineis, gressus labiles evertebat, Amm. 31, 13, 6; Arnob. 2, 59.
    2. B. Trop., fleeting, gliding, prone, transient, perishable: in vitia labiles animae, Arnob. 2, 45: dulcedo, id. 7, 4 init.
  2. II. Causing to slip, slippery: limus, Amm. 27, 10, 11: humus, id. 15, 10, 5.
    Hence. lābĭlĭter, adv., waveringly, Aug. Gen. ad Litt. B. 3.

lābīna, ae, f. [labes], a slippery place (post-class.), Isid. 16, 1, 4.

‡ lăbĭo, ōnis, m. [labium], having large lips, big-lipped, acc. to Verr. Fl. ap. Charis. p. 79 P.; v. labia init.

lăbĭōsus, v. labeosus.

lăbĭum, ii, v. labia.

lăbo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. [from the same root as 1. labor], to totter, be ready to fall, begin to sink, to give way, be loosened (syn.: vacillo, titubo, nato).

  1. I. Lit.: labat, labuntur saxa, caementae cadunt, Enn. ap. Non. 196, 3 (Trag. v. 142 Vahl.): signum labat, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, 95: si ex ictu … labant dentes, Cels. 7, 12, 1: labat ariete crebro Janua, Verg. A. 2, 492: labant curvae naves, roll, Ov. M. 2, 163: pressaeque labant sub gurgite turres, id. ib. 1, 290: (turris) qua summa labantis Juncturas tabulata dabant, Verg. A. 2, 463: littera labat, written with a trembling hand, Ov. H. 10, 140: labare sermone, to stutter, speak indistinctly, Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 146: si labat oculus et hac atque illac movetur, is unsteady, Cels. 7, 7, 14: tarda trementi genua labant, sink, Verg. A. 5, 432; so, pedes, Ov. F. 6, 676: vincla labant, are loosed, id. A. A. 2, 85.
    Poet., of dying persons: inde labant populi, fall, sink, Luc. 6, 93; cf.: omnia tum vero vitaï claustra lababant, Lucr. 6, 1153.
    With Gr. acc.: egressi labant vestigia prima, Verg. A. 10, 283 Forbig. (Rib. egressisque).
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To waver, to be unstable, undecided, to hesitate (in opinion, resolution, etc.): si res labat, Itidem amici collabascunt, Plaut. Stich. 4, 1, 16; cf.: scito, labare meum consilium illud, quod satis jam fixum videbatur, Cic. Att. 8, 14, 2: labamus mutamusque sententiam, id. Tusc. 1, 32, 78: cum ei labare M. Antonius videretur, id. Phil. 6, 4, 10: animumque labantem inpulit, Verg. A. 4, 22: labantia corda, id. ib. 12, 223: socii labant, waver in fidelity, Liv. 22, 61; cf.: fides sociorum, id. 32, 30, 9: animus regis, id. 40, 54; 2, 39: quīs lababat fides, whose fidelity was wavering, Sil. 2, 392: mens, Ov. M. 6, 629: tu mente labantem dirige me, Luc. 2, 244: ex nimia matrem pietate labare sensit, Ov. M. 6, 629: memoria labat, becomes weak, Liv. 5, 18; cf.: mens in illis (phreneticis) labat, in hoc (cordiaco) constat, Cels. 3, 19: nec dubium habebatur labare hostes, Tac. A. 2, 26: labante jam Agrippina, id. H. 14, 22: labantem ordinem contirmare, Suet. Caes. 14: acies labantes restituere, Tac. G. 8 init.: sustinere labantem aciem, id. H. 3, 23; 5, 18.
    2. B. To sink, fall to pieces, go to ruin: quid non sic aliud ex alio nectitur, ut non, si unam litteram moveris, labent omnia? Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74: omnes rei publicae partes aegras et labantes sanare et confirmare, id. Mil. 25, 68; cf.: sustinuisse labantem fortunam populi Romani, Liv. 26, 41: sicuti populo Romano sua fortuna labet, id. 42, 50: labante egregia quondam disciplina, id. 36, 6: cum res Trojana labaret, Ov. M. 15, 437: labantibus Vitellii rebus, Tac. H. 2, 86: si quid in moribus labaret, id. A. 2, 33.

1. lābor, lapsus (inf. parag. labier, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 94; part. labundus, Att. ap. Non. 504, 31; Trag. Fragm. v. 570 Rib.), 3, v. dep. n. [cf. lăbo; Sanscr. lamb- (ramb-), to glide, fall], to move gently along a smooth surface, to fall, slide; to slide, slip, or glide down, to fall down, to sink as the beginning of a fall; constr. absol., or with ad, in, inter, per, sub, super, ab, de, ex, or with abl. alone.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen.
      1. 1. Of living beings: non squamoso labuntur ventre cerastae, Prop. 3 (4), 22, 27: per sinus crebros et magna volumina labens, Ov. M. 15, 721: pigraque labatur circa donaria serpens, Ov. Am. 2, 13, 13: ille inter vestes et levia pectora lapsus volvitur, Verg. A. 7, 349: (angues) in diversum lapsi, Jul. Obseq. 119.
        Of floating: ut rate felice pacata per aequora labar, Ov. H. 10, 65: dum Stygio gurgite labor, id. M. 5, 504: tua labens navita aqua, Prop. 2, 26 (3, 21), 8.
        Of flying: tollunt se celeres, liquidumque per aera lapsae, Verg. A. 6, 202: vade, age, nate, voca Zephyros et labere pennis, id. ib. 4, 223: pennis lapsa per auras, Ov. M. 8, 51: labere, nympha, polo, Verg. A. 11, 588.
        Of sinking, slipping down: labor, io! cara lumina conde manu, Ov. A. A. 7, 342: labitur infelix (equus), Verg. G. 3, 498; cf. Luc. 5, 799: labitur exsanguis, Verg. A. 11, 818; 5, 181: super terram, Ov. M. 13, 477: equo, Hor. S. 2, 1, 15: temone, Verg. A. 12, 470 limite, Luc. 9, 712: in vulnera, id. 7, 604: in colla mariti, Val. Fl. 2, 425: alieno vulnere, Luc. 2, 265: in rivo, Cic. Fat. 3, 5: pondere lapsi pectoris arma sonant, Luc. 7, 572.
        Of gliding upwards: celeri fuga sub sidera, Verg. A. 3, 243.
      2. 2. Of things: splendida signa videntur labier, Lucr. 4, 445; Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 42: umor in genas Furtim labitur, Hor. C. 1, 13, 7: stellas Praecipites caelo labi, Verg. G. 1, 366: perque genas lacrimae labuntur, Ov. H. 7, 185; id. M. 2, 656: lapsi de fontibus amnes, id. ib. 13, 954; cf.: catenae lapsae lacertis sponte sua, id. ib. 3, 699: lapsuram domum subire, about to tumble down, id. Ib. 511; Luc. 1, 25; cf. with cado: multa in silvis Lapsa cadunt folia, Verg. A. 6, 310: ipsaque in Oceanum sidera lapsa cadunt, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 64: lapsis repente saxis, Tac. A. 4, 59: ab arbore ramus, Ov. M. 3, 410.
        Of the eyes, to fall, close: labentes, oculos condere, Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 44: lumina, Verg. A. 11, 818; Prop. 1, 10, 7; 2, 5, 17.
    2. B. Transf.
      1. 1. To glide away, glide along, slip or haste away: labitur uncta carina: volat super impetus undas, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 379 Vahl.); so id. ap. Isid. Orig. 19, 1 (Ann. v. 476 Vahl.); cf.: labitur uncta vadis abies, Verg. A. 8, 91; Cic. Ac. 1, 8, 31: sidera, quae vaga et mutabili ratione labuntur, id. Univ. 10.
        Esp., of a transition in discourse, to pass: a dispositione ad elocutionis praecepta labor, Quint. 7, 10, 17.
      2. 2. To slip away, escape: lapsus custodiā, Tac. A. 5, 10; 11, 31: e manibus custodientium lapsus, Curt. 3, 13, 3; Prop. 1, 11, 5; Amm. 26, 3, 3.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. In gen., to come or go gently or insensibly, to glide, glide or pass away: ilico res foras labitur, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 21: brevitate et celeritate syllabarum labi putat verba proclivius, Cic. Or. 57; 56: sed labor longius, ad propositum revertor, id. Div. 2, 37, 79; id. Leg. 1, 19, 52: labitur occulte fallitque volubilis aetas, Ov. Am. 1, 8, 49: labi somnum sensit in artus, id. M. 11, 631: nostro illius labatur pectore vultus, Verg. E. 1, 64.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. 1. Of speech, to die away, be lost, not be heard (very rare): ne adjectae voces laberentur atque errarent, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 114; cf. Sil. 7, 745.
      2. 2. Of time, to glide, pass away, elapse: eheu fugaces labuntur anni, Hor. C. 2, 14, 2: anni tacite labentis origo, Ov. F. 1, 65: labentia tempora, id. Tr. 3, 11; id. F. 6, 771; id. Tr. 4, 10, 27: aetas labitur, Tib. 1, 8, 48; cf.: labente officio, when the attendance or service is ended, Juv. 6, 203.
      3. 3. Pregn., to sink, incline, begin to fall, go to ruin, perish: quantis opibus, quibus de rebus lapsa fortuna accidat, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 396 Vahl.); cf.: cetera nasci, occidere, fluere, labi, Cic. Or. 3, 10: labentem et prope cadentem rem publicam fulcire, id. Phil. 2, 21, 51: equitem Romanum labentem excepit, fulsit, sustinuit, id. Rab. Post. 16, 43; id. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 18, 2: sustinuit labentem aciem Antonius, Tac. H. 3, 23: vidi labentes acies, Prop. 4 (5), 2, 53: eo citius lapsa res est, Liv. 3, 33: mores lapsi sunt, id. praef.; Tac. A. 6, 50: fides lapsa, Ov. H. 2, 102: labentur opes, will be lost, Tib. 1, 6, 53: res, Lucr. 4, 1117: hereditas lapsa est, Dig. 4, 4, 11, § 5.
      4. 4. To slip or fall away from a thing, to lose it: hac spe lapsus, deceived or disappointed in this hope, Caes. B. G. 5, 55, 3: hoc munere, Sil. 7, 740: facultatibus, to lose one’s property, become poor, Dig. 27, 8, 2, § 11; 26, 7, 9, § 1: mente, to lose one’s senses, go mad, Cels. 5, 26, 13; Suet. Aug. 48; cf.: lapsae mentis error, Val. Max. 5, 3, 2.
        Hence, lapsus, a, um, ruined, unfortunate, Prop. 1, 1, 25.
      5. 5. To fall into or upon, to come or turn to: labor eo, ut assentiar Epicuro, Cic. Ac. 2, 45, 139; id. Att. 4, 5, 2: ad opinionem, id. Ac. 2, 45, 138: in adulationem, Tac. A. 4, 6: in gaudia, Val. Fl. 6, 662: in vitium, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 94.
      6. 6. To fall into error, to be mistaken, to err, mistake, commit a fault: labi, errare, nescire, decipi et malum et turpe ducimus, Cic. Off. 1, 6, 18: in aliqua re labi et cadere, id. Brut. 49, 185: in minimis tenuissimisque rebus, id. de Or. 1, 37, 169; id. Fam. 2, 7, 1: lapsus est per errorem suum, id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 8: consilio, … casu, id. Agr. 2, 3, 6: propter inprudentiam, Caes. B. G. 5, 3: in officio, Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 12: in verbo, Ov. Am. 2, 8, 7: ne verbo quidem labi, Plin. Ep. 2, 3: it vera ratione, Lucr. 2, 176.
      7. 7. Esp., to fall away from the true faith, to become apostate (eccl. Lat.): lapsorum fratrum petulantia, Cypr. Ep. 30, 1 al.

2. lăbor (old form lăbos, like arbos, honos, etc., Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 35; id. Truc. 2, 6, 40; Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 6; Varr. ap. Non. 487, 13; Cat. 55, 13; Sall. C. 7, 5; id. J. 100, 4; cf. Quint. 1, 4, 13), ōris, m. [Sanscr. root rabh, to grasp, ā-rabh, to undertake; Gr. ἀλφ- in ἦλφον, earned, ἄλφημα, wages; Germ. Arbeit], labor, toil, exertion (cf.: contentio, opera).

  1. I. Lit.: ut ingenium est omnium Hominum a labore proclive ad libidinem, Ter. And. 1, 1, 51: haud existimans quanto labore partum, id. Phorm. 1, 1, 12: interest aliquid inter laborem et dolorem: sunt finitima omnino, sed tamen differt aliquid. Labor est functio quaedam vel animi vel corporis, gravioris operis et muneris: dolor autem motus asper in corpore alienus a sensibus, Cic. Tusc. 2, 15, 35: corporis, id. Cael. 17, 39: res est magni laboris, id. de Or. 1, 33, 150: laborem sibi sumere et alteri imponere, id. Mur. 18, 38: sumptum et laborem insumere in rem aliquam, id. Inv. 2, 38, 113; cf. id. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227: multum operae laborisque consumere, id. de Or. 1, 55, 234: laborem sustinere, id. Att. 1, 17, 6: exantlare, id. Ac. 2, 34, 108: suscipere, id. Opt. Gen. Or. 5, 13: subire, id. Att. 3, 15, 7: capere, id. Rosc. Com. 16, 49: labores magnos excipere, id. Brut. 69, 243: se in magnis laboribus exercere, id. Arch. 11, 28: summi laboris esse, capable of great exertion, Caes. B. G. 4, 2, 2: laborem levare alicui, Cic. Or. 34, 120: detrahere, id. Fam. 3, 6, 5: ex labore se reficere, Caes. B. G. 3, 5; 5, 11: victus suppeditabatur sine labore, Cic. Sest. 48, 103: non est quod existumes, ullam esse sine labore virtutem, Sen. Vit. Beat. 25, 5; Suet. Ner. 52; Quint. 2, 12, 12; cf.: nullo labore, Cic. Dom. 34, 91; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Tusc. 2, 22, 51: quantum meruit labor, Juv. 7, 216: reddere sua dona labori, id. 16, 57: numerenter labores, be valued, id. 9, 42.
    1. B. In partic.
      1. 1. Pregn., drudgery, hardship, fatigue, distress, trouble, pain, suffering (mostly poet. and late Lat.; syn. aerumna): decet id pati animo aequo; si id facietis, levior labos erit, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 2: propter meum caput labores homini evenisse optumo, id. ib. 5, 1, 25: cum labore magno et misere vivere, id. Aul. prol. 14; id. Ps. 2, 4, 2: hoc evenit in labore atque in dolore, id. ib. 2, 3, 20: vel in labore meo vel in honore, Cic. Fam. 15, 18: Iliacos audire labores, Verg. A. 4, 78: mox et frumentis labor additus, ut mala culmos Esset rubigo, id. G. 1, 150: belli labores, id. A. 11, 126; cf. id. ib. 2, 619; 12, 727: labor militiae, Juv. 16, 52: castrorum labores, id. 14, 198: Lucinae labores, Verg. G. 4, 340: cor de labore pectus tundit, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 63: hoc medicamentum sine magno labore cadere cogit haemorrhoidas, Scrib. 227: litterarius, = opus, Aug. Conf. 9, 2; id. cont. Jul. 6, 21: meos labores legere, id. de Don. Pers. 68.
        Of sickness: valetudo crescit, accrescit labor. Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 4: sulphurosi fontes labores nervorum reficiunt, Vitr. 8, 3, 4.
        Of danger: maximus autem earum (apium) labor est initio veris, Col. 9, 13, 2.
        Prov.: jucundi acti labores, Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 105: suavis laborum est praeteritorum memoria, id. ib.
      2. 2. Poet.
        1. a. Labores solis, eclipses of the sun, Verg. A. 1, 742 Forbig. ad loc.; so, defectus solis varios lunaeque labores, id. G. 1, 478; Sil. 14, 378.
        2. b. Of plants: hunc laborem perferre, i. e. growth, Verg. G. 2, 343.
      3. 3. Personified: Lăbos, toil, in the lower world, Verg. A. 6, 277.
  2. II. Meton., of the products of labor.
        1. a. Work, workmanship of an artist (poet.): operum, Verg. A. 1, 455: hic labor ille domūs, id. ib. 6, 27: nec non Polycleti multus ubique labor, Juv. 8, 104.
        2. b. Of cultivated plants, crops, etc.: ruit arduus aether et pluvia ingenti sata laeta boumque labores Diluit, Verg. G. 1, 325; cf.: haec cum sint hominumque boumque labores, id. ib. 1, 118: Juppiter Grandine dilapidans hominumque boumque labores, Col. poët. 10, 330; Verg. A. 2, 284; 306.
        3. c. Labores uteri, i. e. children, Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 193.

* lăbōrātĭo, ōnis, f. [laboro], labor, toil, Front. Hist. init. Mai.

1. lăbōrātus, ūs, m. [laboro], labor, laboriousness (late Lat.), Ven. v. Rad. 13.

2. lăbōrātus, a, um, adj. [laboro].

  1. I. Labored, attended with labor or difficulty (post-class.): laboratior continentia, Tert. Verg. Vel. 10.
  2. II. Laborious, troublesome, miserable, full of hardship (in post-Aug. poets): aevum, Val. Fl. 5, 255: vita, Stat. Th. 1, 341.

Lăbōrĭae, ārum, v. Laborinus.

lăbōrĭfer, a, um, adj. [2. labor-fero], labor-bearing, toil-enduring (poet.): Hercules, Ov. M. 9, 285: juvencus, id. ib. 15, 129: currus, Stat. Th. 6, 25.

Lăbōrīnus campus, i, or Lăbō-rĭāni campi, ōrum, m., or Lăbōrĭae (Leb-), ārum, f., a district in Campania, lying around Capua and Nola, now Terra di Lavoro, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 60; 17, 4, 3, § 28; 18, 11, 29, § 111.

lăbōrĭōsē, adv., v. laboriosus fin.

lăbōrĭōsus, a, um, adj. [2. labor], full of labor, laborious.

  1. I. Attended with much labor, laborious, toilsome, wearisome, difficult, troublesome (syn. operosus): deambulatio, Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 3: nihil laboriosius, Cic. Leg. 3, 8, 19: operum longe maximum ac laboriosissimum, Liv. 5, 19 fin.: si qua laboriosa est (fabula), ad me curritur, difficult to put on the stage, opp. lenis, Ter. Heaut. prol. 44.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Inclined to labor, laborious, industrious, for the Gr. φιλόπονος (syn.: impiger, industrius): homines, Cic. Tusc. 2, 15, 35: bos laboriosissimus hominis socius in agricultura, Col. 6 praef. § 7.
    2. B. That undergoes much trouble and hardship, troubled, harassed: quid enim nobis duobus laboriosius? Cic. Mil. 2, 5; id. Phil. 11, 4, 4.
      Hence, adv.: lăbōrĭōsē, laboriously, wearisomely, with difficulty, Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 9; Cels. 5, 17, 2; Cat. 38, 1.
      Comp., Cic. Rosc. Com. 11, 31.
      Sup.: laboriosissime, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 21, 71; Suet. Caes. 43 al.

lăbōro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [2. labor].

  1. I. Neutr., to labor, take pains, exert one’s self, strive.
    1. A. In gen.: ne labora, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 37: sese (aratores) sibi, laborare, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 52, § 121: quid ego laboravi, aut quid egi, aut in quo evigilaverunt curae et cogitationes meae, si? etc., id. Par. 2, 17: ne familiares, si scuta ipsi ferrent, laborarent, id. Phil. 5, 6: si mea res esset, non magis laborarem, id. Fam. 13, 44; 74: qui non satis laborarunt, Quint. 8 prooem. § 29: frustra laborabimus, id. 6, 3, 35; cf.: frustra laboret Ausus idem, Hor. A. P. 241: in enodandis nominibus, to exert one’s self in vain, Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 62: circa memoriam et pronuntiationem, Quint. 6, 4, 1: circa nomina rerum ambitiose, id. 3, 11, 21: in famam, Sen. de Ira, 3, 41, 3: in commune, Quint. 5, 11, 24; 8, 2, 18: in spem, Ov. M. 15, 367.
      With dat., to toil for, to serve: cui (Jovi) tertia regna laborant, Sil. 8, 116.
      With in and abl.: quid est, in quo se laborasse dicit? Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 53, § 124: qua in re mihi non arbitror diu laborandum, Quint. 2, 3, 2: in dura humo, Ov. F. 4, 416: in remigando, Vulg. Marc. 6, 48: in omni gente, in behalf of, Juv. 8, 239.
      With pro: pro hoc (L. Flacco) laborant, Cic. Planc. 11, 28: pro salute mea, id. Dom. 11, 30: pro Sestio, id. Fam. 13, 8, 1.
      With ut: laborabat, ut reliquas civitates adjungeret, Caes. B. G. 7, 31: ut honore dignus essem, maxime semper laboravi, Cic. Planc. 20, 50: ut vos decerneretis laboravi, id. Prov. Cons. 11, 28: neque te ut miretur turba labores, Hor. S. 1, 10, 73.
      With ne: et sponsio illa ne fieret, laborasti, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132: quae ego ne frustra subierim … laboro, Lent. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 14, 5.
      With inf.: quem perspexisse laborant, Hor. A. P. 435: amarique ab eo laboravi, Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 2; 2, 5, 9: si sociis fidelissimis prospicere non laboratis, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 55, § 127: quod audiri non laborarit, Cic. Att. 5, 2, 2: hunc superare laboret, Hor. S. 41, 112; 2, 3, 269: ne quaerere quidem de tanta re laborarint, Nep. Pel. 3, 1: describere, Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 1.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. 1. To suffer, to labor under, to be oppressed, afflicted, or troubled with.
          1. (α) Absol.: aliud est dolere, aliud laborare. Cum varices secabantur C. Mario, dolebat: cum aestu magno ducebat agmen, laborabat. Est mter haec tamen quaedam similitudo: consuetudo enim laborum perpessionem dolorum efficiet faciliorem, Cic. Tusc. 2, 15, 35: valetudo tua me valde conturbat: significant enim tuae litterae, te prorsus laborare, id. Att. 7, 2, 2: cum sine febri laborassem, id. ib. 5, 8: eum graviter esse aegrum, quod vehementer ejus artus laborarent, id. Tusc. 2, 25, 61.
          2. (β) With ex: ex intestinis, Cic. Fam. 7, 26, 1: ex pedibus, id. ib. 9, 23: ex renibus, id. Tusc. 2, 25, 60: e dolore, Ter. And. 1, 5, 33.
            Esp. of mental disorders, etc.: ex invidia, Cic. Clu. 71, 202; id. Rosc. Am. 51, 149: ex desiderio, id. Fam. 16, 11, 1: ex inscitia, id. Inv. 2, 2, 5: ex aere alieno laborare, to be oppressed with debt, Caes. B. C. 3, 22.
          3. (γ) With ab: a re frumentaria, Caes. B. C. 3, 9: ab avaritia, Hor. S. 1, 4, 26.
          4. (δ) With abl.: laborantes utero puellae, Hor. C. 3, 22, 2: domesticā crudelitate, Cic. Rosc. Am. 53, 154: nec vero quisquam stultus non horum morborum aliquo laborat, id. Fin. 1, 18, 59: odio apud hostes, contemptu inter socios, Liv. 6, 2: pestilentiā laboratum est, id. 1, 31, 5: crimine temeritatis, Quint. 12, 9, 14.
      2. 2. To grieve, be in trouble, be vexed, to be concerned, solicitous, or anxious: animo laborabat, ut reliquas civitates adjungeret, Caes. B. G. 7, 31: ut vos decerneretis, laboravi, Cic. Prov. Cons. 11: nihil laboro, nisi ut salvus sis, id. Fam. 16, 4, 4: sponsio illa ne fieret laborasti, id. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132.
        With de (esp. of events or persons on whose account one is concerned): sororem de fratrum morte laborantem, Cic. Inv. 2, 26, 78: de quibus ego ante laborabam, ne, etc., id. Caecin. 1, 3: laboro, ut non minimum hac mea commendatione se consecutum videretur, id. Fam. 13, 26, 4: noli putare me de ulla re magis laborare, id. Att. 6, 1, 3: his de rebus eo magis laboro, quod, etc., id. Fam. 13, 56, 3: in uno, i. e. to love, Hor. C. 1, 17, 19: non laboro, nihil laboro, I don’t trouble myself about it, it concerns me not: cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro, Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97: quorsum recidat responsum tuum non magnopere laboro, id. Rosc. Com. 15, 43: Tironi prospicit, de se nihil laborat, id. Phil. 8, 9, 26: quid est quod de iis laborat, id. ib. 8, 8, 27; id. Tusc. 1, 43, 103.
        With abl.: tuā causā, Cic. Fam. 3, 7, 6: neglegens ne qua populus laborat, Hor. C. 3, 8, 25.
        With in: in re familiari valde laboramus, Cic. Att. 4, 1, 3.
      3. 3. To be in distress, difficulty, or danger: quos laborantes conspexerat iis subsidia submittebat, Caes. B. G. 4, 26: suis laborantibus succurrere, id. B. C. 2, 6; Sall. C. 60, 4: ne legatus laborantibus suis auxilio foret, id. J. 52, 6; Curt. 9, 1, 15.
        Impers. pass.: maxime ad superiores munitiones laboratur, Caes. B. G. 7, 85.
        Of inanim. things: ut utraeque (triremes) ex concursu laborarent, Caes. B. C. 2, 6: nec cur fraternis luna laboret equis (of an eclipse of the moon, because the sun’s light is then withdrawn from it), Prop. 2, 34, 52 (3, 32, 48 M.); so, luna laboret, Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 92: cum luna laborare non creditur, Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 42: laboranti succurrere lunae, Juv. 6, 443: Aquilonibus Querceta laborant, Hor. C. 2, 9, 6: laborantem ratem deserere, Ov. P. 2, 6, 22: laborat carmen in fine, Petr. 45.
  2. II. Act. (only since the Aug. per.; for in Cic. Cael. 22, 54, elaboratus is the correct reading).
    1. A. To work out, elaborate, to form, make, prepare: noctibus hibernis castrensia pensa laboro, Prop. 4, 3, 33: quale non perfectius Meae laborarint manus, Hor. Epod. 5, 60: arte laboratae vestes, Verg. A. 1, 639: laborata Ceres, bread, id. ib. 8, 181: et nobis et equis letum commune laboras, preparest, Sil. 16, 411.
    2. B. To labor at, to cultivate: frumenta ceterosque fructus, Tac. G. 45.

lăbos, v. 2. labor init.

* lăbōsus, a, um, adj. [labos for labor], laborious, troublesome: iter labosum, Lucil. ap. Non. 489, 11.

Labrandĭus (Labradius or Lă-brăyndus, v. infra), m., = Λαβράνδεος (Λαβράδεος), a surname of Jupiter, derived from the town of Labranda, in Caria, where there was a temple to him, Enn. ap. Lact. 1, 13 (Enn. Euhem. 52, p. 173 Vahl.): in Labrayndi Jovis fonte, Plin. 32, 2, 7, § 16 Jan.

‡ labratum, ἀσπαστικὸν βασιλέως: ‡ labratum, φίλημα βασιλικόν (perh. for osculum labratum), Vet. Gloss.

Labro, ōnis, f., prob. a seaport in Etruria, where stands the modern Livorno (Leghorn), Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 2.

† lābros or -us, = λάβρος (greedy).

  1. I. A fish, otherwise unknown, Plin. 32, 11, 54, § 152 (Jahn, melanarum).
  2. II. Lā-bros, the name of a dog, Ov. M. 3, 224.

* lăbrōsus, a, um, adj. [1. labrum], with large lips: ferramentum, with a large rim or border, Cels. 7, 26, 2.

1. lā̆brum, i, n. [root lab, as in labium; v. lambo], a lip.

  1. I. Lit.: cape cultrum ac seca digitum vel nasum vel labrum, Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 39: apes, quas dixisti in labris Platonis consedisse pueri, Cic. Div. 2, 31, 66: vide ut discidit labrum, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 20: labrum superius, the upper lip, Caes. B. G. 5, 14: (poculis) labra admovere, Verg. E. 3, 43: labra movere, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 60; Juv. 13, 114: sive puer furens impressit memorem dente labris notam, Hor. C. 1, 13, 12: haec ego mecum Compressis agito labris, id. S. 1, 4, 137: labra distorquere, Quint. 1, 11, 9: labra male porrigere, scindere, adstringere, diducere, replicare, in latus trahere, id. 11, 3, 81: labra labris conserere, to kiss, Cn. Matius ap. Gell. 20, 9, 2: labra labellis ferrummare, to kiss, Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 25; so, labra ad labella adjungere, id. Ps. 5, 1, 14: labra valgiter commovere, Petr. 26: viscantur labra mariti, Juv. 6, 466.
    1. B. Prov.: linere alicui labra, to deceive one, Mart. 3, 42, 2: non in pectore, sed in labris habere bonitatem, Lact. 3, 16, 4: primis or primoribus labris gustare, or attingere aliquid, to get a slight taste of, to get only a superficial knowledge of a thing, Cic. N. D. 1, 8, 20: quae ipsi rhetores ne primoribus quidem labris attigissent, id. de Or. 1, 19, 87: multos vidi qui primoribus labris gustassent genus hoc vitae, id. Cael. 12, 28: non a summis labris venire, not to be lightly spoken, Sen. Ep. 10, 3: similem habent labra lactucam, a saying of M. Crassus when he saw an ass eating thistles, and which may be rendered, like lips, like lettuce; meaning, like has met its like, Hier. Ep. 7, 5.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. An edge, margin, brim (of a vessel, a ditch, etc.): ut ejus fossae solum tantundem pateret, quantum summa labra distarent, Caes. B. G. 7, 72: extra duplex vallum fossae circumdedit, interiore labro murum objecit, Liv. 37, 37, 11: labra doliorum, Cato, R. R. 107, 1: fontis, Plin. 31, 2, 19, § 28: lilium resupinis per ambitum labris, id. 21, 5, 11, § 23; 17, 22, 35, § 168.
    2. * B. Poet., a trench, Aus. de Clar. Urb. 5, 9.
    3. C. Labrum Venerium, a plant growing by rivers, Plin. 25, 13, 108, § 171; called also labrum Veneris, Ser. Samm. 1038.

2. lābrum, i, n. [for lavabrum, q. v.],

  1. I. a basin, a tub for bathing; a vat for treading out grapes: labrum si in balineo non est, Cic. Fam. 14, 20: marmoreo labro aqua exundat, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 20: splendentia, Verg. A. 12, 417: aëna, id. ib. 8, 22: marmorea duo labra ante fornicem posuit, Liv. 37, 3, 7: unda labris nitentibus instat, Stat. S. 1, 5, 49: eluacrum, Cato, R. R. 11: lupinarium, id. ib.: olearium, id. ib. 13; Col. 12, 50, 10 sq.; cf.: spumat plenis vindemia labris, in the full vats or vessels, Verg. G. 2, 6; of a tub or basin for bathing, Vitr. 5, 10, 4; of a fountain, Dig. 19, 1, 15.
  2. II. Poet. transf., a bath: nec Dryades, nec nos videamus labra Dianae, Ov. F. 4, 761; cf. id. Ib. 481; id. H. 21, 178.

lābrus, i, v. labros.

lābrusca (ae) vītis or ūva; also absol.: lābrusca, ae, f., the wild vine, claret-vine: vitis labrusca, Linn.: uva labrusca, Col. 8, 5 fin.: vitis labrusca, Plin. 12, 13, 28, § 48.
Absol.: aspice ut antrum Sylvestris raris sparsit labrusca racemis, Verg. E. 5, 7 Serv. ad loc.; Plin. 23, 1, 14, § 19: omphacium … fit e labrusca, hoc est vite sylvestri, quod vocatur oenanthinum, id. 14, 16, 18, § 98.

lābruscum, i, n. [labrusca], the fruit of the labrusca, the wild grape, Verg. Cul. 52.

* lābundus, a, um, adj. [1. labor], falling: unda, Att. ap. Non. 504, 32.

laburnum, i, n., the broad-leaved beantrefoil: Cytisus laburnum, Linn.; Plin. 16, 18, 31, § 76; 17, 22, 35, § 174.

lăbyrinthus, i, m., = λαβύρινθος,

  1. I. a labyrinth, a building with many winding passages; e. g. that built by Psammetichus on Lake Mœris, in Middle Egypt, and containing 3000 chambers, Mel. 1, 9, 5; Plin. 36, 13, 19, § 84; but esp. that built by Dædalus, near Gnossus, in Crete, id. 36, 13, 19, § 85; Sen. Ep. 44, 6; Ov. M. 8, 159; Juv. 1, 53; Verg. A. 5, 588.
    1. B. Trop., a maze, tangle, bewildering intricacy: inextricabilis negotii, Sid. Ep. 2, 5.
  2. II. Hence,
    1. A. lăbyrinthēus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a labyrinth, labyrinthine: flexus, Cat. 64, 114.
    2. B. lăbyrinthĭcus, a, um, adj., of a labyrinth, labyrinthine, intricate: viae, Sid. Ep. 9, 13: quaestionum insolubilitas, id. ib. 11, 4.

lac, lactis (nom. lacte, Enn. ap. Non. 483, 2; Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 85; id. Bacch. 5, 2, 16 Ritschl N. cr. al.; and lact, Aus. Idyll. 12; Mart. Cap. 3, § 307; masc. acc. lactem, App. M. 8, p. 214 fin.; 215 init.; but dub. in Gell. 12, 1, 17, where Hertz reads lacte), n. [Gr. γάλα, gen. γάλακτ-ος], milk.

  1. I. Lit.: dulci repletur lacte, Lucr. 5, 814: cum lacte nutricis errorem suxisse, Cic. Tusc. 3, 1, 2: lacte vivere, Caes. B. G. 4, 1: lac mihi non aestate novum, non frigore defit, Verg. E. 2, 22: concretum vimine querno lac, Ov. M. 12, 437: lactis inopia … abundantia, Col. 5, 12, 2: a lacte cunisque, from the cradle, from infancy, Quint. 1, 1, 21: lac pressum, cheese, Verg. E. 1, 82: coagulatum, Plin. 23, 7, 64, § 128.
    Prov.: tam similem quam lacte lacti’st, as like as one egg is to another, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 85; cf.: neque lac lacti magis est simile, id. Am. 2, 1, 54; id. Men. 5, 9, 30: lac gallinaceum, chicken’s milk, of something very rare, Plin. N. H. praef. § 23; Petr. 38, 1: qui plus lactis quam sanguinis habet, of tender age, Juv. 11, 68.
    1. B. Trop., for something sweet, pleasant: in melle sunt linguae sitae nostrae atque orationes, lacteque; corda felle sunt lita, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 77: ut mentes … satiari velut quodam jucundioris disciplinae lacte patiantur, Quint. 2, 4, 5.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Milky juice, milk of plants: herbae, nigri cum lacte veneni, Verg. A. 4, 514: herbarum, Ov. M. 11, 606: tenero dum lacte, quod intro est, id. Nux, 95: ficulneum, Col. 7, 8, 1: caprifici, Cels. 5, 7.
    2. B. Milk-white color (poet.): candidus taurus … una fuit labes; cetera lactis erant, Ov. A. A. 1, 290.

Lăcaena, ae, f., = Λάκαινα, Spartan, Lacedæmonian; and subst., a Lacedæmonian or Spartan woman.

  1. I. Adj. (poet.): apud Lacaenas virgines, quibus magis palaestra studio est, etc., Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 15, 36: virginibus bacchata Lacaenis Taygeta, Verg. G. 2, 487: Tyndaris, id. A. 2, 601: canes, Claud. Laud. Stil. 3, 300.
  2. II. Subst., a Spartan woman: qualis tandem Lacaena, quae, etc., Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 102; so of Helen, Verg. A. 2, 601; 6, 511; of Clytemnestra, Val. Fl. 7, 150; of Leda, Mart. 9, 103, 2.

lacca, ae, f.

  1. I. A swelling on the shinbone of draught-cattle, Veg. Vet. 1, 27, 4; 3, 18.
  2. II. A plant, otherwise unknown, App. Herb. 3 fin.

laccar, ăris, n., a plant, Plin. Val. 2, 17.

Lăcĕdaemō̆n (nom. Lăcĕdaemo, Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 39; id. Rep. 1, 33, 50), ŏnis, f., = Λακεδαίμων,

  1. I. the city of Lacedæmon or Sparta, near the modern Mistra: dura, Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 39; id. Rep. 1, 33, 50: patiens, Hor. C. 1, 7, 10; gen. Lacedaemonis moenia, Liv. 34, 34: obsidio, id. 34, 33; acc. Lacedaemonem, Plin. 16, 8, 13, § 34; acc. Graec. Laceuaemona, Verg. A. 7, 363; abl. Lacedaemone, Cic. Tusc. 5, 27, 77; locat. Lacedaemoni, Nep. praef. 4.
  2. II. Hence,
    1. A. Lăcĕdaemŏnes, um, m., the Lacedæmonians: gemini illi reges Lacedaemones Heraclidae, Mamert. Pan. ad Maxim. 9, 4.
    2. B. Lăcĕdaemŏnĭus, a, um, adj., Lacedæmonian, Spartan: mulier, i. e. Helen, Enn. ap. Div. 1, 50, 114 (Trag. v. 93 Vahl.): Tarentum, i. e. founded by Spartans, Ov. M. 15, 50; Hor. C. 3, 5, 56: Galesus, that flows near Tarentum, Mart. 2, 43, 3: marmor, Plin. 36, 7, 11, § 55: orbis, i. e. floor of Laconian marble, Juv. 11, 175.
      Subst.: Lăcĕdaemŏnĭi, ōrum, m., the Lacedæmonians, Spartans, Cic. Div. 1, 43, 95 sq.; id. Tusc. 1, 42, 101; id. Rep. 3, 9, 15 et saep.
      Sing.: Lacedaimonius quidam, Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; Nep. Lys. 1, 1.

lăcer (lăcĕrus quoted by Prisc. 901 P.), ĕra, ĕrum, adj. [root λακ-, to tear; Gr. λακερός, torn; λάκκος, lake; Lat. lacero, lacus, lacuna, lāma; Irish, loch; Engl. lake], mangled, lacerated, torn to pieces.

  1. I. Lit. (not in Cic. or Cæs.): homo, Lucr. 3, 403: corpus, Liv. 1, 28; Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 156: corpus verberibus, Just. 21, 4, 7: cui quod membrum lacerum laesumve est, Masur. Sab. ap. Gell. 4, 2, 15: Deiphobum lacerum crudeliter ora, mutilated, Verg. A. 6, 495; so, artus avolsaque membra et funus lacerum tellus habet, id. ib. 9, 491.
    Of the hair: nec modus aut pennis, laceris aut crinibus, ignem spargere, Stat. S. 1, 1, 133; Sil. 6, 560; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 177: vestis, Tac. H. 3, 10: tectorum vestigia lacera et semusta, id. A. 15, 40: puppis, Ov. H. 2, 45: insignia, Stat. Th. 10, 8: lacerae unguibus venae, Sen. Phoen. 162.
    1. B. Trop. (postAug. and very rare): sparsas, atque, ut ita dicam, laceras gentilitates colligere atque conectere, families rent and scattered, Plin. Pan. 39, 3.
      Poet.: castra, an army that has lost its general, Sil. 15, 9: lacerae domus artus componere, Sen. Thyest. 432.
  2. * II. Transf., act., rending, lacerating (for lacerans): morsus, Ov. M. 8, 880.

* lăcĕrābĭlis, e, adj. [lacero], that can be easily lacerated or torn to pieces: corpus, Aus. Idyll. 15, 17.

lăcĕrātĭo, ōnis, f. [lacero], a tearing, rending, mangling, lacerating, laceration (rare but class.): corporis, Cic. Pis. 18, 42: corporum, Liv. 7. 4.
Concr.: omnia loca crinium laceratione complere, the tearings of her hair, Vulg. Esth. 14, 2.
Plur.: muliebres lacerationes genarum, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 62.

lăcĕrātor, ōris, m. [lacero], a mangler, lacerater (late Lat.), of a violent critic, Aug. de Mor. Eccl. Cath. 1.

lăcĕrātrix, īcis, f. [lacerator], she that lacerates (late Lat.), Macer. Carm. 2, 6.

1. lăcerna, ae, f. [cf. Gr. ῤάκος, and lacer], a kind of cloak which the Romans wore over the toga on journeys, or in damp and cold weather. To wear a lacerna in common was regarded as disgraceful: cum calceis et toga, nullis nec Gallicis nec lacerna, Cic. Phil. 2, 30, 76: negotium aedilibus dedit, ne quem paterenter in foro circove, nisi positis lacernis, togatum consistere, Suet. Aug. 40: cum Gallicis, inquit, et lacerna cucurristi, Gell. 13, 21, 6. Worn in the theatre as a protection against the weather, but thrown off on the appearance of the emperor, Suet. Claud. 6; Mart. 14, 137 lemm. Sometimes wrapped around the head: odoratum caput obscurante lacerna, Hor. S. 2, 7, 55; Vell. 2, 70, 2. Usually of white cloth, rarely black, Mart. 4, 2, 2 sqq.; Sen. Ep. 114, 21; v. also Amm. 14, 6, 9: foeda et scissa, Juv. 3, 148. Also used in the army, Prop. 4 (5), 3, 18; Ov. F. 2, 745; Vell. 2, 80, 3; Isid. Orig. 19, 24, 14: comitem trita donare lacerna, Pers. 1, 54; cf. Becker’s Gallus, 3, p. 123 sq.; and v. Dict. Antiq. s. v.

2. Lăcerna, ae, m., the name of a rich charioteer, Juv. 7, 114.

lăcernātus, a, um, adj. [lacerna], wearing a lacerna (not ante-Aug.), Vell. 2, 80, 3: lacernata amica, prob. the eunuch Sporus, Juv. 1, 62; cf. Suet. Ner. 28; Isid. Orig. 19, 24, 14.

lăcernŭla, ae, f. dim. [lacerna], a small lacerna, a little cloak, Arn. 2, 56.

lăcĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [lacer], to tear to pieces, to mangle, rend, mutilate, lacerate (class., esp. in the trop. sense; syn.: lanio, discerpo).

  1. I. Lit.: quin spolies, mutiles, laceres quemquam nacta sis, Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 8: lacerat lacertum Largi mordax Memmius, Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 240: corpus uti volucres lacerent in morte feraeque, Lucr. 3, 880: membra aliena, Juv. 15, 102; cf.: lacerato corpore, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Trag. v. 95 Vahl.): morsu viscera, Cic. poët. Tusc. 2, 8: ora, comas, vestem lacerat, Ov. M. 11, 726: amictus, Sil. 13, 389: genas, Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 51: verbere terga, id. F. 2, 695: Tum autem Syrum impulsorem, vah, quibus illum lacerarem modis, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 17: tergum virgis, Liv. 3, 58; 26, 13: unguibus cavos recessus luminum, Sen. Oedip. 968: quid miserum laceras? Verg. A. 3, 41: ferro, Hor. C. 3, 27, 46: loricam, Verg. A. 12, 98: lacerari morsibus saevis canum, Phaedr. 1, 12, 11: ferae corpus lacerabant, Petr. 115 sq.: carnes dentibus, Vulg. Job, 13, 4; id. Gen. 40, 19.
    1. B. Esp.
      1. 1. To break up, to wreck, shatter: navem Ulixis, Ov. P. 3, 6, 19: majorem partem classis, Vell. 2, 79, 3: naves, Liv. 29, 8: navigia, Curt. 4, 3, 18: lecticam, Suet. Aug. 91.
      2. 2. To cut up, carve: obsonium, Petr. 36: anserem, id. 137; 74.
      3. 3. To waste, plunder: cum Hannibal terram Italiam laceraret atque vexaret, Cato ap. Serv. Verg. E. 6, 7, 6: orbem, Juv. 4, 37.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To tear to pieces with words, to censure, asperse, abuse, rail at: obtrectatio invidiaque, quae solet lacerare plerosque, Cic. Brut. 42, 156: optimum virum verborum contumeliis, id. Phil. 11, 2: aliquem probris, Liv. 31, 6: Pompeium dempto metu lacerant, Sall. H. 3, 61, 21 Dietsch: meque vosque male dictis, id. J. 85, 26: famam alicujus, to slander, calumniate, id. 38, 54: alicujus carmina, Ov. P. 4, 16, 1: lacerari crebro vulgi rumore, Tac. A. 15, 73.
    2. B. To distress, torture, pain, afflict: intolerabili dolore lacerari, Cic. Ac. 2, 8, 23: quam omni crudelitate lacerastis, id. Dom. 23, 59: quid laceras pectora nostra morā? Ov. H. 15, 212: meus me maeror cottidianus lacerat et conficit, Cic. Att. 3, 8, 2; cf.: aegritudo lacerat, exest animum planeque conficit, id. Tusc. 3, 13, 27.
    3. C. To ruin, destroy, dissipate, squander, waste: male suadendo et lustris lacerant homines, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 22: patriam omni scelere, Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57: bonorum emptores, ut carnifices, ad reliquias vitae lacerandas et distrahendas, to scatter, disperse, Cic. Quint. 15, 50: pecuniam, to squander, id. Verr. 2, 3, 70, § 164: lacerari valde suam rem, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 48; cf.: bona patria manu, ventre, to lavish, squander, Sall. C. 14, 2: diem, to waste, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 25; id. Stich. 3, 1, 45.

lăcerta, ae, f., and lăcertus, i, m.

  1. I. A lizard: lacerta, Plin. 8, 39, 60, § 141; Ov. M. 5, 458; Hor. C. 1, 23, 7; Mart. 14, 172; Juv. 14, 75: lacertus, Verg. E. 2, 9; id. G. 4, 13; Juv. 14, 131; cf. Schol. Juv. 3, 231.
    Prov.: unius sese dominum fecisse lacertae, to get a little place of one’s own (if only big enough for a lizard), Juv. 3, 231.
  2. II. A sea-fish, otherwise unknown: lacertus, Cic. Att. 2, 6, 1; Plin. 32, 11, 53, § 149; Cels. 2, 18; Mart. 10, 48, 11 al.: lacerta, Dig. 33, 9, 3, § 3.

lăcertōsus, a, um, adj. [1. lacertus], muscular, brawny, powerful (cf. nervosus): equus, Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 13: centuriones, * Cic. Phil. 8, 9, 26: viri, Col. 1, 9, 4: colonus, Ov. M. 11, 33.

lăcertŭlus, i, m. dim. [lacertus], a little arm; only transf., a small cake (from its shape), App. M. 10, p. 245, 2.

1. lăcertus, i, m., the muscular part of the arm, from the shoulder to the elbow, the upper arm.

  1. I. Lit., opp. bracchium, the forearm, Lucr. 4, 829; cf.: laudat digitosque manusque, Bracchiaque et nudos mediā plus parte lacertos, Ov. M. 1, 501; and: subjecta lacertis brachia sunt, id. ib. 14, 304; cf. also Quint. 8 prooem. 19: brachia quoque et lacertos auro colunt, Curt. 8, 9, 21.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. The arm (esp. as brawny, muscular): nam scutum gladium galeam in onere nostri milites non plus numerant quam umeros, lacertos, manus, Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 37: Milo Crotoniates nobilitatus ex lateribus et lacertis suis, Cic. de Sen. 9, 27: excusso lacerto telum torquere, Sen. Ben. 2, 6; Prop. 2, 18 (3, 15), 37: lacertos collo imponere, Ov. H. 16, 219: lacerto jaculari, id. Am. 3, 12, 27: amplecti, id. ib. 3, 8, 11: candida cingantur colla lacertis, id. A. A. 2, 457: laevus, Verg. A. 11, 693; Hor. S. 1, 6, 74: adducto contortum hastile lacerto immittit, Verg. A. 11, 561: secto requiem sperare lacerto, Juv. 6, 106.
      Of bees: spicula exacuunt rostris, aptantque lacertos, i. e. make trial of, Verg. G. 4, 74.
    2. B. Transf.
      1. 1. A blow or cast from a strong arm, Sil. 16, 562; 1, 262.
      2. 2. Trop., muscular power, muscle, strength, military force: in Lysia saepe sunt lacerti, sic ut fieri nihil possit valentius, Cic. Brut. 16, 64: hastas oratoris lacertis viribusque torquere, id. de Or. 1, 57, 242: me civilis tulit aestus in arma, Caesaris Augusti non responsura lacertis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 48; Flor. prooem. § 8: viribus confisus admirandisque lacertis, Juv. 10, 11.

2. lăcertus, i, a lizard; a sea-fish; v. lacerta.

* lăcessītĭo, ōnis, f. [lacesso], an exciting, provoking, challenging, Amm. 19, 3, 1.

lăcessītor, ōris, m. [lacesso], a provoker, challenger, Isid. Orig. 10 in Litt. L.

lăcessītus, a, um, Part., from lacesso.

lăcesso, īvi or ĭi, ītum, 3 (inf. pass. lacessiri, Col. 9, 8, 3; 9, 15, 4; Ambros. Ep. 6, 1: lacessi, Liv. 31, 18, 4 al.; Lact. 5, 2, 2: lacessientium, Liv. 27, 12, 13: lacessiebant, id. 23, 46, 11), v. a. [lacio; v. Roby, 1, § 625], to excite, provoke, challenge, exasperate, irritate (syn.: irrito, provoco).

  1. I. Lit.: aliquem ferro, Cic. Mil. 31, 84: sponsione me homo promtus lacessivit, id. Pis. 23, 55: tu ultro me maledictis lacessisti, id. Phil. 2, 1, 1: me amabis et scripto aliquo lacesses, by writing, force me to write in return, id. Fam. 12, 20: vetus si poeta non lacessisset prior, Ter. Phorm. prol. 14: hostes proelio, i. e. to attack, assail, Caes. B. G. 4, 11: aliquem bello, id. ib. 6, 5: Aeduos injuriā, id. ib. 1, 35: nos te nulla lacessiimus injuria, Cic. Fam. 11, 3, 1: Saguntini nec lacessentes nec lacessiti, Liv. 21, 11: aliquos lacessiturus bello, id. 28, 28; Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 23: quorum alter relictus, alter lacessitus, id. ib. 2, 4: quid tam necessarium quam tenere semper arma, quibus … to ulcisci lacessitus, id. de Or. 1, 8, 32: ne rudis agminum sponsus lacessat leonem, Hor. C. 3, 2, 11: Caesar neque cedentes tanto collis ascensu lacessendos judicabat, Hirt. B. G. 8, 14: aliquem capitaliter, to make a deadly attack upon one, Plin. Ep. 1, 5: (corpora) quae feriunt oculorum acies visumque lacessunt, to strike, meet, Lucr. 4, 217; 691; cf. id. 4, 597: nares odor lacessit, id. 4, 691: fores nondum reserati carceris acer nunc pede nunc ipsa fronte lacessit Equus, Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 30.
    Poet.: aëra Sole lacessita ( = percussa radiis solis), struck with the sunbeams’ glitter, Verg. A. 7, 527; cf. vindemia pluviisque aut ventis lacessita, Col. 3, 21, 5.
  2. II. Transf., in gen.
    1. A. To urge, arouse, excite, stimulate, shake, move: a quo non modo impulsi sumus ad philosophas scriptiones, verum Etiam lacessiti, Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 121: ad scribendum, id. Att. 1, 13, 1: ad pugnam, Liv. 2, 45 init.: usus luxuriantis aetatis signaturas pretiosis gemmis coepit insculpere, et certatim haec omnis imitatio lacessivit, Macr. S. 7, 13, 11: aurigae manibusque lacessunt Pectora plausa cavis, pat them on their breasts (in order to animate them), Verg. A. 12, 85: pugnam, id. ib. 5, 429: bella, id. ib. 11, 254: ne quemquam voce lacessas, id. E. 3, 51: his se stimulis dolor ipse lacessit, Luc. 2, 42: Nilus spuma astra lacessit, id. 10, 320: taurus lacessit campum, Stat. Th. 12, 604: clamore sidera, Sil. 17, 387: deos (precibus), to assail, importune, Hor. C. 2, 18, 12: pelagus carinā, to stir, chafe, id. ib. 1, 35, 7.
    2. B. To call forth, arouse, produce: sermones, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 7: ferrum, Verg. A. 10, 10.

Lacetāni, ōrum, m., a people of Hispania Tarraconensis, Liv. 21, 60; 28, 34; Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 34.
Hence, Lacetānia, ae f., the country of the Lacetani, Liv. 21, 23; Sall. Ep. Pomp. 5; Plin. 25, 2, 6, § 17.

† lăchănisso or -nīzo, āre, v. n. (λάχανον, olus), = λαχανίζω, to be weak, languid: ponit betissare pro languere quod vulgo lachanissare dicitur, Suet. Aug. 87.

Lăchēs, m., name of an old man, Ter. Eun. 5, 5; id. Hec. 1, 2, 59; 2, 1, and 2.

Lăchĕsis, is, f., = Λάχεσις, one of the three Fates: o duram Lachesin, Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 45; Sen. Apoc. 4, 1; Mart. 4, 54, 9; Juv. 3, 27; 9, 136; Claud. B. Gild. 203.

lachrĭma, an old form for lacrima, Gell. 2, 3, 3.

Lăcĭădes, ae, m., = Λακιάδης, one belonging to the Lacian demos, or district, in Attica, Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64.

lăcĭnĭa, ae, f. [v. lacus, lacer], the lappet, flap, edge, or corner of a garment.

  1. I. Lit.: sume laciniam atque absterge sudorem tibi, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 16: aliquem lacinia tenere, id. As. 3, 2, 41: in lacinia servare ex mensa secunda semina, Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 7: consurgenti ei primum lacinia obhaesit, Suet. Ner. 19: togae, id. Calig. 35; id. Claud. 15.
      1. 2. In gen., a garment (post-class.): detraxit umeris laciniam, Petr. S. 12; App. M. 3, p. 138; 6, p. 174; 11, p. 263; Macr. S. 2, 3; Vulg. Thren. 4, 14 et saep.
    1. B. Transf.
      1. 1. Of cattle, the dewlap: laciniae dependentes, Plin. 8, 50, 76, § 202.
      2. 2. A small piece or part: porrum et allium serunt in laciniis colligatum, Plin. 19, 7, 36, § 120: folii, id. 15, 30, 39, § 130: gregem in lacinias distribuere, Col. 7, 5, 3.
        Hence, also, a small strip or spot of land: quoniam id oppidum velut in lacinia erat, Plin. 5, 32, 43, § 148; id. 36, 13, 19, § 85.
  2. II. Trop.: aliquid obtinere laciniā, by the lappet, i. e. hardly, with difficulty, without a firm hold upon it, Cic. de Or. 3, 28, 110.

* lăcĭnĭātim, adv. [lacinia], piecemeal, in small divisions, App. M. 8, p. 208, 20, p. 175 Bip.

lăcĭnĭōsē, adv., v. laciniosus fin.

lăcĭnĭōsus, a, um, adj. [lacinia], full of folds, full of lappets, full of corners, projections, or indentations, indented, jagged (post-Aug.).

  1. I. Lit.: metatus est Eam (urbem) … ad effigiem Macedonicae chlamydis orbe gyrato laciniosam, Plin. 5, 10, 11, § 62: corporis laciniosae pomparum et deliciarum ineptiae, Tert. Cult. Fem. 9: ostrea spondylo brevi, nec fibris lacinioso, Plin. 32, 6, 21, § 60: folia, id. 25, 10, 76, § 124.
  2. II. Trop., qs., impeded, entangled with lappets or fringes; overloaded, redundant: animi imbecillitas, App. Mag. p. 287, 31: vita et implicita, Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 29: sermo, id. Verg. Vel. 4.
    Sup.: haec Porphyrius sermone laciniosissimo prosecutus est (al. latissimo), Hier. in Dan. 11, 22.
    * Adv.: lăcĭnĭōsē, like lappets, with lappets, Plin. 16, 43, 83, § 226 (al. lacunosa est).

Lăcīnĭum, ii, n., = Λακίνιον,

  1. I. a promontory in Magna Græcia, near Crotona, with a temple to Juno, now Capo delle Colonne or Cape Nao, Liv. 27, 25; 36, 42; Plin. 3, 10, 15, § 96.
    Hence,
  2. II. Lăcīnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Lacinium, Lacinian: Juno, Cic. Div. 1, 24, 48; Liv. 24, 3, 3; Plin. 2, 107, 111, § 240; 35, 9, 36, § 64: diva, i. e. Juno, Verg. A. 3, 552: litora, Ov. M. 15, 13: templa, id. ib. 15, 701.

‡ lăcĭo, ĕre, v. a. [v. laqueus], to entice, allure: lacit, in fraudem inducit. Inde est allicere et lacessere; inde lactat, illectat, delectat, oblectat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 117 Müll.; cf.: lacit, decipiendo inducit. Lax etenim fraus est, id. ib. p. 116.

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