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2. lăbor (old form lăbos, like arbos, honos, etc., Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 35; id. Truc. 2, 6, 40; Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 6; Varr. ap. Non. 487, 13; Cat. 55, 13; Sall. C. 7, 5; id. J. 100, 4; cf. Quint. 1, 4, 13), ōris, m. [Sanscr. root rabh, to grasp, ā-rabh, to undertake; Gr. ἀλφ- in ἦλφον, earned, ἄλφημα, wages; Germ. Arbeit], labor, toil, exertion (cf.: contentio, opera).

  1. I. Lit.: ut ingenium est omnium Hominum a labore proclive ad libidinem, Ter. And. 1, 1, 51: haud existimans quanto labore partum, id. Phorm. 1, 1, 12: interest aliquid inter laborem et dolorem: sunt finitima omnino, sed tamen differt aliquid. Labor est functio quaedam vel animi vel corporis, gravioris operis et muneris: dolor autem motus asper in corpore alienus a sensibus, Cic. Tusc. 2, 15, 35: corporis, id. Cael. 17, 39: res est magni laboris, id. de Or. 1, 33, 150: laborem sibi sumere et alteri imponere, id. Mur. 18, 38: sumptum et laborem insumere in rem aliquam, id. Inv. 2, 38, 113; cf. id. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227: multum operae laborisque consumere, id. de Or. 1, 55, 234: laborem sustinere, id. Att. 1, 17, 6: exantlare, id. Ac. 2, 34, 108: suscipere, id. Opt. Gen. Or. 5, 13: subire, id. Att. 3, 15, 7: capere, id. Rosc. Com. 16, 49: labores magnos excipere, id. Brut. 69, 243: se in magnis laboribus exercere, id. Arch. 11, 28: summi laboris esse, capable of great exertion, Caes. B. G. 4, 2, 2: laborem levare alicui, Cic. Or. 34, 120: detrahere, id. Fam. 3, 6, 5: ex labore se reficere, Caes. B. G. 3, 5; 5, 11: victus suppeditabatur sine labore, Cic. Sest. 48, 103: non est quod existumes, ullam esse sine labore virtutem, Sen. Vit. Beat. 25, 5; Suet. Ner. 52; Quint. 2, 12, 12; cf.: nullo labore, Cic. Dom. 34, 91; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Tusc. 2, 22, 51: quantum meruit labor, Juv. 7, 216: reddere sua dona labori, id. 16, 57: numerenter labores, be valued, id. 9, 42.
    1. B. In partic.
      1. 1. Pregn., drudgery, hardship, fatigue, distress, trouble, pain, suffering (mostly poet. and late Lat.; syn. aerumna): decet id pati animo aequo; si id facietis, levior labos erit, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 2: propter meum caput labores homini evenisse optumo, id. ib. 5, 1, 25: cum labore magno et misere vivere, id. Aul. prol. 14; id. Ps. 2, 4, 2: hoc evenit in labore atque in dolore, id. ib. 2, 3, 20: vel in labore meo vel in honore, Cic. Fam. 15, 18: Iliacos audire labores, Verg. A. 4, 78: mox et frumentis labor additus, ut mala culmos Esset rubigo, id. G. 1, 150: belli labores, id. A. 11, 126; cf. id. ib. 2, 619; 12, 727: labor militiae, Juv. 16, 52: castrorum labores, id. 14, 198: Lucinae labores, Verg. G. 4, 340: cor de labore pectus tundit, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 63: hoc medicamentum sine magno labore cadere cogit haemorrhoidas, Scrib. 227: litterarius, = opus, Aug. Conf. 9, 2; id. cont. Jul. 6, 21: meos labores legere, id. de Don. Pers. 68.
        Of sickness: valetudo crescit, accrescit labor. Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 4: sulphurosi fontes labores nervorum reficiunt, Vitr. 8, 3, 4.
        Of danger: maximus autem earum (apium) labor est initio veris, Col. 9, 13, 2.
        Prov.: jucundi acti labores, Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 105: suavis laborum est praeteritorum memoria, id. ib.
      2. 2. Poet.
        1. a. Labores solis, eclipses of the sun, Verg. A. 1, 742 Forbig. ad loc.; so, defectus solis varios lunaeque labores, id. G. 1, 478; Sil. 14, 378.
        2. b. Of plants: hunc laborem perferre, i. e. growth, Verg. G. 2, 343.
      3. 3. Personified: Lăbos, toil, in the lower world, Verg. A. 6, 277.
  2. II. Meton., of the products of labor.
        1. a. Work, workmanship of an artist (poet.): operum, Verg. A. 1, 455: hic labor ille domūs, id. ib. 6, 27: nec non Polycleti multus ubique labor, Juv. 8, 104.
        2. b. Of cultivated plants, crops, etc.: ruit arduus aether et pluvia ingenti sata laeta boumque labores Diluit, Verg. G. 1, 325; cf.: haec cum sint hominumque boumque labores, id. ib. 1, 118: Juppiter Grandine dilapidans hominumque boumque labores, Col. poët. 10, 330; Verg. A. 2, 284; 306.
        3. c. Labores uteri, i. e. children, Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 193.

lăbōro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [2. labor].

  1. I. Neutr., to labor, take pains, exert one’s self, strive.
    1. A. In gen.: ne labora, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 37: sese (aratores) sibi, laborare, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 52, § 121: quid ego laboravi, aut quid egi, aut in quo evigilaverunt curae et cogitationes meae, si? etc., id. Par. 2, 17: ne familiares, si scuta ipsi ferrent, laborarent, id. Phil. 5, 6: si mea res esset, non magis laborarem, id. Fam. 13, 44; 74: qui non satis laborarunt, Quint. 8 prooem. § 29: frustra laborabimus, id. 6, 3, 35; cf.: frustra laboret Ausus idem, Hor. A. P. 241: in enodandis nominibus, to exert one’s self in vain, Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 62: circa memoriam et pronuntiationem, Quint. 6, 4, 1: circa nomina rerum ambitiose, id. 3, 11, 21: in famam, Sen. de Ira, 3, 41, 3: in commune, Quint. 5, 11, 24; 8, 2, 18: in spem, Ov. M. 15, 367.
      With dat., to toil for, to serve: cui (Jovi) tertia regna laborant, Sil. 8, 116.
      With in and abl.: quid est, in quo se laborasse dicit? Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 53, § 124: qua in re mihi non arbitror diu laborandum, Quint. 2, 3, 2: in dura humo, Ov. F. 4, 416: in remigando, Vulg. Marc. 6, 48: in omni gente, in behalf of, Juv. 8, 239.
      With pro: pro hoc (L. Flacco) laborant, Cic. Planc. 11, 28: pro salute mea, id. Dom. 11, 30: pro Sestio, id. Fam. 13, 8, 1.
      With ut: laborabat, ut reliquas civitates adjungeret, Caes. B. G. 7, 31: ut honore dignus essem, maxime semper laboravi, Cic. Planc. 20, 50: ut vos decerneretis laboravi, id. Prov. Cons. 11, 28: neque te ut miretur turba labores, Hor. S. 1, 10, 73.
      With ne: et sponsio illa ne fieret, laborasti, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132: quae ego ne frustra subierim … laboro, Lent. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 14, 5.
      With inf.: quem perspexisse laborant, Hor. A. P. 435: amarique ab eo laboravi, Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 2; 2, 5, 9: si sociis fidelissimis prospicere non laboratis, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 55, § 127: quod audiri non laborarit, Cic. Att. 5, 2, 2: hunc superare laboret, Hor. S. 41, 112; 2, 3, 269: ne quaerere quidem de tanta re laborarint, Nep. Pel. 3, 1: describere, Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 1.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. 1. To suffer, to labor under, to be oppressed, afflicted, or troubled with.
          1. (α) Absol.: aliud est dolere, aliud laborare. Cum varices secabantur C. Mario, dolebat: cum aestu magno ducebat agmen, laborabat. Est mter haec tamen quaedam similitudo: consuetudo enim laborum perpessionem dolorum efficiet faciliorem, Cic. Tusc. 2, 15, 35: valetudo tua me valde conturbat: significant enim tuae litterae, te prorsus laborare, id. Att. 7, 2, 2: cum sine febri laborassem, id. ib. 5, 8: eum graviter esse aegrum, quod vehementer ejus artus laborarent, id. Tusc. 2, 25, 61.
          2. (β) With ex: ex intestinis, Cic. Fam. 7, 26, 1: ex pedibus, id. ib. 9, 23: ex renibus, id. Tusc. 2, 25, 60: e dolore, Ter. And. 1, 5, 33.
            Esp. of mental disorders, etc.: ex invidia, Cic. Clu. 71, 202; id. Rosc. Am. 51, 149: ex desiderio, id. Fam. 16, 11, 1: ex inscitia, id. Inv. 2, 2, 5: ex aere alieno laborare, to be oppressed with debt, Caes. B. C. 3, 22.
          3. (γ) With ab: a re frumentaria, Caes. B. C. 3, 9: ab avaritia, Hor. S. 1, 4, 26.
          4. (δ) With abl.: laborantes utero puellae, Hor. C. 3, 22, 2: domesticā crudelitate, Cic. Rosc. Am. 53, 154: nec vero quisquam stultus non horum morborum aliquo laborat, id. Fin. 1, 18, 59: odio apud hostes, contemptu inter socios, Liv. 6, 2: pestilentiā laboratum est, id. 1, 31, 5: crimine temeritatis, Quint. 12, 9, 14.
      2. 2. To grieve, be in trouble, be vexed, to be concerned, solicitous, or anxious: animo laborabat, ut reliquas civitates adjungeret, Caes. B. G. 7, 31: ut vos decerneretis, laboravi, Cic. Prov. Cons. 11: nihil laboro, nisi ut salvus sis, id. Fam. 16, 4, 4: sponsio illa ne fieret laborasti, id. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132.
        With de (esp. of events or persons on whose account one is concerned): sororem de fratrum morte laborantem, Cic. Inv. 2, 26, 78: de quibus ego ante laborabam, ne, etc., id. Caecin. 1, 3: laboro, ut non minimum hac mea commendatione se consecutum videretur, id. Fam. 13, 26, 4: noli putare me de ulla re magis laborare, id. Att. 6, 1, 3: his de rebus eo magis laboro, quod, etc., id. Fam. 13, 56, 3: in uno, i. e. to love, Hor. C. 1, 17, 19: non laboro, nihil laboro, I don’t trouble myself about it, it concerns me not: cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro, Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97: quorsum recidat responsum tuum non magnopere laboro, id. Rosc. Com. 15, 43: Tironi prospicit, de se nihil laborat, id. Phil. 8, 9, 26: quid est quod de iis laborat, id. ib. 8, 8, 27; id. Tusc. 1, 43, 103.
        With abl.: tuā causā, Cic. Fam. 3, 7, 6: neglegens ne qua populus laborat, Hor. C. 3, 8, 25.
        With in: in re familiari valde laboramus, Cic. Att. 4, 1, 3.
      3. 3. To be in distress, difficulty, or danger: quos laborantes conspexerat iis subsidia submittebat, Caes. B. G. 4, 26: suis laborantibus succurrere, id. B. C. 2, 6; Sall. C. 60, 4: ne legatus laborantibus suis auxilio foret, id. J. 52, 6; Curt. 9, 1, 15.
        Impers. pass.: maxime ad superiores munitiones laboratur, Caes. B. G. 7, 85.
        Of inanim. things: ut utraeque (triremes) ex concursu laborarent, Caes. B. C. 2, 6: nec cur fraternis luna laboret equis (of an eclipse of the moon, because the sun’s light is then withdrawn from it), Prop. 2, 34, 52 (3, 32, 48 M.); so, luna laboret, Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 92: cum luna laborare non creditur, Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 42: laboranti succurrere lunae, Juv. 6, 443: Aquilonibus Querceta laborant, Hor. C. 2, 9, 6: laborantem ratem deserere, Ov. P. 2, 6, 22: laborat carmen in fine, Petr. 45.
  2. II. Act. (only since the Aug. per.; for in Cic. Cael. 22, 54, elaboratus is the correct reading).
    1. A. To work out, elaborate, to form, make, prepare: noctibus hibernis castrensia pensa laboro, Prop. 4, 3, 33: quale non perfectius Meae laborarint manus, Hor. Epod. 5, 60: arte laboratae vestes, Verg. A. 1, 639: laborata Ceres, bread, id. ib. 8, 181: et nobis et equis letum commune laboras, preparest, Sil. 16, 411.
    2. B. To labor at, to cultivate: frumenta ceterosque fructus, Tac. G. 45.