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Dĭāna (in inscrr. also, DEANA, Orell. 1453; 1462; 1546. Also written Jana, Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 3; cf. Nigid. ap. Macr. S. 1, 9. The

  1. I. i measured long, Cinna ap. Suet. Gramm. 11; Verg. A. 1, 499; Hor. C. 1, 21, 1; cf. Diom. p. 436 P.; hence also, Deiana, Enn. ap. Ap. de Deo Socr.), ae, f. [for Divana, Gr. Διώνη for Διϝωνη; root DI-, DIV-; cf. Gr. Ζεύς, also Jovis (Diovis), Deus, dies, divus, etc.], orig. an Italian divinity, afterwards regarded as identical with the Gr. Ἄρτεμις, the daughter of Jupiter and Latona, the sister of Apollo, the virgin moon-goddess (Luna), the patroness of virginity, and the presider over child-birth (in this character she is called Lucina), the chase, and nocturnal incantations (on this account her statues were three-formed, and set up in the trivia), Cic. N. D. 2, 27; 3, 23; Catull. 34; Hor. Od. 3, 22; id. Carm. Sec. 1; 70; Tib. 4, 3, 19; Ov. F. 2, 155; Verg. A. 4, 511 et passim: quem urguet iracunda Diana, of an epileptic, Hor. A. P. 453.
    1. B. Meton.
      1. 1. The moon: nocturnae forma, Ov. M. 15, 196 (cf.: reparabat cornua Phoebe, id. ib. 1, 11).
      2. 2. The chase, Mart. Spect. 12 (cf. Verg. A. 11, 582).
  2. II. Derivv.
    1. A. Dĭānĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Diana: turba, i. e. dogs, Ov. F. 5, 141; cf. arma, i. e. hunting equipments, Grat. Cyneg. 253.
        1. b. Subst., Diānium, ii, n.
          1. (α) A place or temple sacred to Diana, Liv. 1, 48; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 74, 12 Müll.
          2. (β) A promontory in Spain, now Denia, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 34 Zumpt N. cr.; cf. Plin. 3, 5, 11, § 76.
    2. B. Dĭānārĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Diana: radix, i. q. artemisia, the plant mug-wort or artemisia, Veg. A. V. 3, 6, 7; 5, 32, 4.
    3. C. Dĭānātĭcus, i, m., a devotee of Diana, Maxim. Taur. ap. Murat. Anecd. Lat. 4, p. 100.

Ĭāzyges or Jāzyges (trisyl.), um, m., = Ἰάζυγες, a sarmatian people on the Danube, Plin. 4, 12, 25, § 80; Tac. A. 12, 29; Ov. Tr. 2, 191; id. P. 4, 7, 9.

Jăbŏlēnus (Javol-), i, m., a celebrated Roman jurist in the time of Trajan, Hadrian, and Antoninus Pius, Capit. Anton. 12.

jacea, ae, f., a wooden hay-rack: cratis, quae jacea vocatur a vulgo, Veg. Vet. 1, 56, 5 (dub. al jacca).

jăcĕo, cŭi, cĭtum (fut. part. jaci-turus, Stat. Th. 7, 777), 2, v. n. [intr. of jacio; lit., to be thrown or cast; hence], to lie.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen.: in limine, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 118: stratum ad pedes alicujus, id. Quint. 31, 96; id. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 2: alicui ad pedes, id. Verr. 2, 5, 49, § 129: in lecto, id. Phil. 2, 18, 45; Juv. 6, 269: in ignota harena, Verg. A. 5, 871: Tyrio sublimis in ostro, Ov. H. 12, 179: in viridi gramine, id. Am. 1, 14, 22: in teneris dominae lacertis, id. ib. 1, 13, 5: in solo, id. M. 2, 420: in viduo toro, id. H. 16, 316: in gremio, id. ib. 9, 136; 11, 4: in servi complexibus, Juv. 6, 279; for which: saxum campo quod forte jacebat, Verg. A. 12, 897: deserto lecto, Ov. H. 1, 7: saxo, id. M. 6, 100: gremio mariti, Juv. 2, 120: in aversa ora, Ov. H. 12, 63: super corpus alicujus, id. F. 2, 836: somno, Verg. E. 6, 14: spissa harena, id. A. 6, 336: humo, Ov. A. A. 2, 238: nudus humi jacet, Lucr. 5, 224; Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26; Ov. Am. 3, 1, 12: humi ante lectum jacens, Suet. Oth. 7: mecum inter salices lenta sub vite jacere, Verg. E. 10, 40: sub alta platano, Hor. C. 2, 11, 14: strata jacent sub arbore poma, Verg. E. 7, 54.
      Absol.: Tityos jacet alitis esca, Verg. Cul. 237: vittae jacentes, Tib. 2, 5, 53: pisces jacentes, i. e. flatfish, Col. 8, 17, 9.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. 1. Of sick persons, to lie ill, to be sick: cura ut valeas, ne ego te jacente bona tua comedim, Cic. Fam. 9, 20: cum tristj morbo defessa jaceres, Tib. 1, 5, 9: hic facit ut jaceas, Ov. H. 20, 173: graviter, Plin. Ep. 5. 9: sine spe, Sen. Ep. 101, 3.
      2. 2. To lie dead, to have fallen: Aeacidae telo jacet Hector, Verg. A. 1, 99; 10, 737: corpora per campos ferro quae fusa jacebant, id. ib. 11, 102: cum primi occidissent, proximi jacentibus insisterent, Caes. B. G. 2, 27, 3; 7, 25, 3: neminem jacentem veste spoliavit, Nep. Thras. 2, 6; cf.: spolia jacentis hostium exercitus, Liv. 44, 45: ne inultos imperatores suos jacere sinerent, id. 25, 37: qui bene pro patria cum patriaque jacent, Ov. H. 3, 106: Arge, jaces! id. M. 1, 720: morte jacent merita, id. F. 3, 707: fratri jacet, killed by his brother, Sil. 15, 650: rupto jacuit corpore (rana), Phaedr. 1, 24, 10: jacuit Catilina cadavere toto, Juv. 10, 288.
      3. 3. To be or lie long anywhere, to linger, tarry, stop at a place: pernam, glandium, sumen facito in aqua jaceant, Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 33: Brundusii, to stay long at, Cic. Att. 11, 6, 2.
      4. 4. Geographically, to lie, be situate, = esse, situm esse (not in Cic. or Cæs.): jacet Vada inter Appenninum et Alpis, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 2; Liv. 5, 48, 2; 6, 30, 5; 22, 3, 3: inter Taurum montem jacet et Hellespontem, Nep. Eum. 3, 2 saep.: quae gens jacet supra Ciliciam, id. Dat. 4: ad vesperam jacentis terrae, Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 216: summo in vertice montis Planities ignota jacet, Verg. A. 11, 527: quod urbes in planis jaceant, Just. 22, 5, 5: alio patriam quaerunt sub sole jacentem, Verg. G. 2, 512: jacet extra sidera tellus, id. A. 6, 795; cf.: pallente sub umbra Cimmerias jacuisse domos, Sil. 12, 132: inter eos solemque jacent immania ponti aequora, Lucr. 4, 412; cf.: Cyclades et Sporades per quingenta milia in longitudinem … jacent, extend, Plin. 4, 12, 23, § 71.
      5. 5. To be low, flat, level: jacentia et plana urbis loca, Tac. H. 1, 86: despiciens terras jacentīs, Verg. A. 1, 224: praetervehor Thapsum jacentem, id. ib. 3, 689; Val. Fl. 4, 712: quaeque jacent valles, Ov. F. 2, 392; Just. 22, 5, 5: jacentes campos, Luc. 4, 52: summo despexit ab aethere terras Infelix Phaëthon penitus penitusque jacentes, Ov. M. 2, 178.
      6. 6. Esp., of the sea, to be level, quiet, lie still: mediusque jacet sine murmure pontus, Luc. 1, 260; 5, 434: servatum bello jacuit mare, id. 3, 523: planum mare, Juv. 12, 62: stagna jacentia, Sil. 5, 583.
      7. 7. To lie in ruins, be broken down: cui nec arae patriae domi stant, fractae et disjectae jacent, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. Rel. v. 115 Vahl.): jacent, Ilion ingens, Ov. M. 13, 505: ausa et jacentem visere regiam vultu sereno, Hor. C. 1, 37, 25: Troja jacet certe, Ov. H. 1, 3: vetus Thebe jacet, Juv. 15, 6.
      8. 8. To hang loose: vagi crines per colla jacebant, Ov. M. 2, 673; id. A. A. 3, 236: jacentia lora, lying loose on the horse’s neck, id. M. 2, 201; cf., of clothing, etc.: juvenes timidaeque puellae Praeverrunt latas veste jacente vias, id. Am. 3, 13, 24: demissa jacent tibi pallia terrae, id. ib. 3, 2, 25; id. A. A. 153.
      9. 9. Of the eyes, face, etc., to be cast down, fixed on the ground: vultusque attolle jacentes, Ov. M. 4, 144: jacentes Vix oculos tollens, id. ib. 11, 618.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To be indolent or inactive, not to come forward: in pace jacere, quam in bello vigere maluit. Quamquam ille quidem numquam jacuit, Cic. Phil. 10, 7, 14: C. Marius cum a spe consulatus longe abesset et jam septimum annum post praeturam jaceret, id. Off. 3, 20, 79: ars tua, Tiphy, jacet, si non sit in aequore fluctus, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 77: at mea numina tandem fessa jacent, Verg. A. 7, 298.
    2. B. To be cast down, dejected: Gnaeus noster ut totus jacet, Cic. Att. 7, 21, 1: ne jaceam? quis unquam minus, id. ib. 12, 40, 2: jacet in maerore meus frater, id. ib. 10, 4; id. Phil. 12, 2: militum jacere animos, Liv. 10, 35.
    3. C. To lie prostrate: victa jacet pietas, Ov. M. 1, 149: nobilitas sub amore jacet, id. H. 4, 161: Africani, Marii, Sullae, Pompeii infra Pallantis laudes jacebant, Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 2: justitia vacillat, vel jacet potius, Cic. Off. 3, 33, 118: humana cum vita jaceret, oppressa gravi sub religione, Lucr. 1, 63.
    4. D. To be refuted, overcome, disproved, to fail: jacent suis testibus, qui Clodium negant Romam fuisse rediturum, etc., Cic. Mil. 18, 47: jacet omnis ratio Peripateticorum, id. Fin. 5, 28, 86: jacet igitur tota conclusio, id. Div. 2, 51, 106.
    5. E. To lie dormant, be disused or neglected, to be of no avail: cum leges nihil valebant, cum judicia jacebant, Cic. Par. 4, 1: tota Capua et omnis hic delectus jacet, id. Att. 7, 22: dici non potest, quomodo hic omnia jaceant, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6: justitia jacet, Cic. Off. 3, 33: maximas virtutes jacere omnes necesse est voluptate dominante, id. Fin. 2, 35, 117; Quint. 9, 2, 4.
  3. F. To be despised, in no esteem: cum jacerent pretia praediorum, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33: ut neque jacere regem pateremur, id. Fam. 1, 5, 3: sed nunc omnia ista jacere puto, propter nummorum caritatem, are cheap, id. Att. 9, 9, 4: dat census honores, Census amicitias: pauper ubique jacet, Ov. F. 1, 218; id. R. Am 139.
  4. G. To lie idle, neglected, or unemployed: cur tamdiu jacet hoc nomen in adversariis, Cic. Rosc. Com. 3: quomodo tibi tanta pecunia extraordinaria jacet? id. ib. 1: quae (pecuniae) vereor, ne otiosae jaceant, Plin. Ep. 10, 62, 1: nonne justius erit proximo cuique bonorum possessionem dari, ne bona jaceant, that they be not without an owner, Dig. 37, 3, 1.
  5. H. To lie open, be obvious, to be known, be at hand: neque ex alio genere (verborum) ad usum cottidianum, alio ad scenam pompamque sumuntur, sed ea nos cum jacentia sustulimus e medio, Cic. de Or. 3, 45, 177.
  1. I. Of speech or language, to be languid, lifeless, dull: quibus detractis, jacet (oratio), Quint. 9, 2, 4: jacens oratio, Gell. 1, 11, 15; cf. Quint. 8, 5, 32.

Jăcĕtāni, ōrum, m., a people in northern Spain, at the foot of the Pyrenees, Caes. B. C. 1, 60, 2.

jăcĭo, jēci, jactum, 3, v. a. [cf. διώκω, to pursue; Germ. jagen], to make go, cause to go, send; hence, to throw, cast, fling, hurl.

  1. I. Lit.: genu ad aliquem, to hit or push one with the knee, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 17: lapides, Cic. Mil. 15: fulmen in medium mare, id. Div. 2, 19: in quem scyphum de manu jacere conatus, id. Verr. 2, 4, 10: aridam materiam de muro in aggerem, Caes. B. G. 7, 24: se in profundum, Cic. Sest. 20: saxeam pilam ponto, Verg. A. 9, 712: ensem fluctibus mediis, id. ib. 10, 683: balearica plumbum Funda jacit, Ov M. 2, 728: libellos in faciem ejus, Suet. Claud. 15 fin.
    Freq. of dice-throwing: talos, Plaut. As. 4, 1, 35; 5, 2, 54; Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 54: Venerem, id. Div. 2, 59, 121; Suet. Aug. 71.
    1. B. Transf.
      1. 1. To lay, set, establish, build, found, construct, erect: urbi fundamenta, Liv. 1, 12: vallum, id. 30, 10: aggere jacto, Caes. B. G. 2, 12: molem, id. B. C. 1, 25: muros, Verg. A. 5, 631; 9, 712: moles, Cic. Att. 9, 14, 1: novae domus fundamenta, Suet. Calig. 22; Ov. F. 4, 835: molem in mare, Dig. 43, 8, 2, § 8.
      2. 2. To send forth, emit; to bring forth, produce: de corpore odorem, Lucr. 2, 846: igniculos, Cic. Att. 15, 26, 2: jacturas poma myricas, that will bear, Ov. A. A. 1, 747.
      3. 3. To throw away: scuta jacere, fugereque hostes, more habent licentiam, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 27: vestem procul, Ov. M. 4, 357: is sua jecit humi arma, id. ib. 3, 127: pavidas pharetras, Val. Fl. 5, 427.
        Esp., to throw overboard, Dig. 41, 2, 21, § 2; 14, 2, 2, § 7; to cast, shed: cornua, Ov. A. A. 3, 78.
      4. 4. To throw, scatter, sow: volucres semina jacta legunt, Ov. M. 5, 485; id. H. 12, 17: jacto semine, Verg. G. 1, 104: seminibus jactis, id. ib. 2, 57; 6, 11; id. F. 1, 662: flores, id. A. 5, 79: lapides, id. E. 6, 41.
      5. 5. To project as a shadow: nullam umbram, Plin. 2, 73, 75, § 183 sq.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To throw, cast: contumeliam in aliquem, Cic. Sull. 7, 23: injuriam in aliquem, id. Par. 4, 1: adulteria, to lay to one’s charge, id. Planc. 12, 30: ridiculum, id. Or. 26, 87: id, quod proponendum fuit, permotis animis jacit ad extremum, id. Part. 13, 46: jecit quidam casus caput meum, in mediam contentionem, id. Fam. 1, 9, 13: probra in feminas illustres, Tac. A. 11, 13.
    2. B. To lay, set, establish: causae fundamenta, Cic. Fl. 2, 4: fundamenta pacis, id. Phil. 1, 1, 1: gradum atque aditum ad rem, id. Agr. 2, 15: odia in longum jacere, to strew, sow, Tac. A. 1, 69: fundamenta reipublicae, Suet. Aug. 28.
    3. C. To throw out in speaking, to let fall, intimate, utter, mention, declare: assiduas querelas, Cic. poët. Div 1, 8, 14: illud, quod jacis obscure, id. Att. 2, 7, 4: suspicionem, id. Fl. 3, 6: de lacu Albano, Liv. 5, 15: vera an vana, id. 6, 14: multo plura praesens audivit, quam in absentem jacta erant, id. 43, 8: Jugurtha inter alias jacit oportere, etc., Sall. J. 11: quaedam de habitu cultuque et institutis ejus, Tac. A 1, 11: fortuitos sermones, id. ib. 4, 68: ali quid per vaniloquentiam ac minas, id. ib 6, 31: multasque nec dubias significationes saepe jecit, Suet. Ner. 37: crimina non haec sunt nostro sine jacta dolore, Tib. 4, 14, 3.

jactābĭlis, e [jacto], that can be thrown: umeri, Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 7, 2.

jactābundus, a, um, adj. [jacto], tossing to and fro, agitated, stormy (post-class)

  1. I. Lit.: mare, Gell. 19, 1, 1.
  2. II. Trop. boasting, vaunting: homo in Graecae facundiae gloria, Gell. 15, 2, 2.

jactans, antis, Part. and P. a., from jacto.

jactanter, adv., v. jacto fin.

jactantĭa, ae, f. [jacto], a boasting, bragging; display, ostentation (post-Aug.): sui, Tac. A. 2, 46: militaris, id. Agr. 25: frivola in parvis, Quint. 1, 6, 20; 9, 2, 74: partim jactantia ingenii, ut res cito accepisse videantur, id. 12, 8, 3: privatae studere, Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 13; id. Pan. 38, 4.

jactantĭcŭlus, a, um, adj. dim. [jactans], somewhat boasting (late Lat.), Aug. adv. Ac. 3, 8.
Subst.: jactantĭcŭlus, i, m., a braggart; plur., Schol. Juv. 11, 34.

jactātĭo, ōnis, f. [jacto], a throwing or tossing to and fro, a shaking, agitation, violent or frequent motion.

  1. I. Lit.: corporis, motion, gestures, Cic. Or. 25, 86: ubi primum ducta cicatrix, patique posse visa jactationem, Liv. 29, 32: manus, Quint. 10, 7, 26; of a storm at sea: ex magna jactatione terram videre, Cic. Mur. 2, 4: armigeri in castra referebant (eum) jactationem vulnerum haud facile tolerantem, the jolting, Curt. 6, 5, 1.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. In gen., of mental agitation: jactationes animorum incitatae, Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 15.
    2. B. Esp.
      1. 1. A boasting, bragging; ostentation, display, vanity: jactatio est voluptas gestiens et se efferens insolentius, Cic. Tusc. 4, 9, 20: verborum, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 2: nulla cultūs, Tac. G. 6: extemporalis garrulitas circulatoriae jactationis est, Quint. 2, 4, 15: eruditionis, id. 1, 5, 11: nonnullorum hominum jactationem et insolentiam ferre non potes, Cael. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9, A, 5.
      2. 2. Jactatio popularis, a striving after popular applause, Cic. Clu. 35, 95; id. Har. Resp. 20, 43; so, jactatio cursusque popularis, id. Prov. Cons. 16, 38; cf.: eloquentia haec forensis … ornata verbis atque sententiis jactationem habuit in populo, id. Or. 3, 13.

jactātor, ōris, m. [jacto], one who makes an ostentatious display of himself, a boaster, braggart: rerum a se gestarum, Quint. 11, 1, 17: civilitatis, Suet. Claud. 35; Stat. Th. 6, 837; Gell. 18, 4, 1.
Poet., with inf.: ille sub hiberno somnos educere caelo Jactator, he boasts, Sil. 11, 403.

jactātrix, īcis, f. [jactator], she that boasts, Sidon.

jactātus, ūs, m. [jacto], a throwing to and fro, a tossing: pennarum, Ov. M. 6, 703: maris, Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 118; 33, 6, 32, § 99: quodlibet quassum vas et quolibet fragile jactatu, Sen. ad Marc. 11, 2.

jactĭtābundus, a, um, adj. [jactito], boasting, bragging (late Lat.), Sid. Ep. 3, 13 fin.

jactĭto, āre, v. freq. a. [jacto], to bring forward in public, to utter: ridicula intexta versibus, Liv. 7, 2, 11: come officium, Phaedr. 2, 5, 16.

jacto, āvi, ātum (jactarier, Lucr. 6, 556; Enn. Tr. 130), 1, v. freq. a. [jacio], to throw, cast, hurl.

  1. I. Lit.: semen, to scatter, Varr. R. R. 1, 42: semina per undas, Ov. M. 4, 748: jactato flore tegente vias, id. Tr. 4, 2, 50: irrita sacrilega jactas incendia dextra, id. M. 14, 539: hastas, Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 316: vestem argentumque de muro, Caes. B. G. 7, 47: lapides vacuum in orbem, Verg. G. 1, 62: cinerem per agros, id. ib. 1, 81: se muris in praeceps, Curt. 5, 6, 7; of casting a net: rete, Dig. 19, 1, 12; also of dicethrowing: talos arripio, jacto basilicum, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 79; cf.: numerosque manu jactabat eburnos, Ov. A. A. 2, 203; id. ib. 3, 355; Suet. Aug. 71.
    1. B. Transf.
      1. 1. To throw or toss about; to shake, flourish: crura, Lucr. 4, 991: brachia in numerum, id. 4, 769: manus, Quint. 11, 3, 179; 10, 3, 21: umeros, id. 11, 3, 130: tinnula manu, Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 38: tintinnabulum, Phaedr. 2, 7, 5: onerosa pallia, Juv. 6, 236: cerviculam, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19, § 49: nisi se suo more jactavisset, i. e. to make gestures, id. Brut. 60, 217: cum multum se Curio ex more jactasset, Quint. 11, 3, 129: exsultare immoderateque jactari, Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60: corpus in suo sanguine, to wallow, Ov. M. 10, 721: videntes, Verg. G. 2, 355: a facie manus, to throw kisses, Juv. 3, 106; cf.: jactare basia, id. 4, 118: oculos, Lucr. 4, 1133: lumina, Ov. H. 3, 11: jugum, i. e. to be restless, rebellious, Juv. 13, 22.
      2. 2. To drive hither and thither, to drive about: cum adversā tempestate in alto jactarentur, Cic. Inv. 2, 31, 95; Ov. H. 17, 235; Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 15; Ov. Tr. 3, 2, 15: ut Aeneas pelago … omnia circum Litora jactetur, Verg. A. 1, 668; 10, 48; 1, 182: jactati aequore toto Troes, id. ib. 1, 29; Ov. M. 11, 441 al.: si quando, ut fit, jactor in turba, etc., Cic. Planc. 7, 17: jactatur domi suae homo honestissimus, id. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 67: aestu febrique jactari, id. Cat. 1, 13.
        So of the sea: ut jactetur aqua, Lucr. 6, 553: cito mutata est jactati forma profundi, Ov. H. 19, 77: aequora, id. Tr. 4, 4, 57.
      3. 3. To throw away: merces, Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 43: arma, Liv. 9, 12; Curt. 3, 3, 9.
        Esp., to throw overboard, throw into the sea, Dig. 47, 2, 43, § 10; 14, 2, 4, § 2: jactatur rerum utilium pars maxima, Juv. 12, 52.
      4. 4. To throw out, emit, spread: luna suam jactat de corpore lucem, Lucr. 5, 576: voces per umbram, Verg. A. 2, 768.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To torment, disquiet, disturb: jactor, crucior, agitor, stimulor, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 4: nolo te jactari diutius, id. Trin. 3, 2, 59: ipsa velut navis jactor, Ov. H. 21, 41: jactari morbis, Lucr. 3, 507: clamore et convicio, Cic. Fam. 1, 5: aliquem, id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45.
    2. B. Jactare se or jactari, not to be firm, to waver, Cic. Tusc. 4, 10.
      Of money, to fluctuate in value: jactabatur temporibus illis nummus sic, ut nemo posset scire, quid haberet, Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80.
    3. C. To consider, examine, discuss: pluribus praesentibus eas res jactari nolebat, Caes. B. G. 1, 18: multa totā die in concilio variis jactata sermonibus erant, i. e. discussed, not decided, Liv. 1, 50, 3: pectore curas, Verg. A. 1, 227: jactari magis quam peragi accusatio ejus poterat, discussed without a conclusion, to no purpose, Liv. 10, 46, 16.
    4. D. To discuss, mention, intimate, pronounce, throw out, utter, speak, say, name, propose a thing: rem jactare sermonibus, Liv. 8, 29: ultro citroque, id. 7, 9: jactamus jam pridem omnis te Roma beatum, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 18: talia jactanti, etc., Verg. A. 1, 102: jactatum in condicionibus nequiquam de Tarquiniis in regnum restituendis, Liv. 2, 13, 3: hanc autem jactari magis causam quam veram esse, to be rather the pretext than the true reason, id. 5, 53, 2.
    5. E. To throw or fling out threats, etc.: jactare et opponere terrorem, Cic. Sest. 23, 52: minas, id. Quint. 14, 47: probra in quempiam, Liv. 29, 9; cf.: convicia, Prop. 3, 8, 11.
  3. F. To boast of, vaunt a thing: ostentare honorem aetatis, jactare urbanam gratiam et dignitatem, Caes. B. C. 3, 83: ingenium, Quint. 3, 1, 3: genus et nomen, Hor. C. 1, 14, 13: regna et virtutem, Ov. H. 16, 81: quo te jactas creatum, id. M. 9, 23; Curt. 8, 1, 23.
  4. G. With se, to talk boastfully of one’s self, to boast, make an ostentatious display.
          1. (α) Absol.: intolerantius se jactare, Cic. de Or. 2, 52, § 209: non jactandi mei causā, Quint. Decl. 268.
          2. (β) With dat.: se alicui, to boast of one’s self to a person, Ov. H. 12, 175: se Iliae querenti ultorem, Hor. C. 1, 2, 18; Liv. 35, 49, 3: ipse cum se jactaret amicae, Juv. 1, 62.
          3. (γ) With in or simple abl.: cum in eo se in contione jactavisset, Cic. Att. 2, 1, 5: ne quis sit lucus, quo se plus jactet Apollo, Verg. E. 6, 73.
          4. (δ) With de: jactat se jamdudum de Calidio, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 21, § 46.
            (ε) With gen.: se justitiae, Hier. Ep. 23, 34.
            (ζ) With two acc.: se jactare formosum, Phaedr. 3, 8, 6.
  5. H. To carry one’s self confidently or conceitedly: qui antea solitus esset jactare se magnificentissime in illo loco, Cic. Att. 2, 21, 3.
  1. I. To be officious or active in, to give one’s self up to, devote one’s self to a thing: jactare se in causis centumviralibus, Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 173: nostrum hoc tempus aetatis forensi labore jactari, id. Q. Fr. 3, 5: in qua (re publica) tu non valde te jactas, id. Fam. 2, 15, 3: se actionibus tribuniciis, Liv. 3, 1.
  2. K. Se in pecuniis, to be prodigal of one’s money, Cic. Cat. 2, 9.
    Hence, jactans, antis, P. a., boasting, bragging, boastful, vainglorious.
      1. 1. Lit.: insolens, arrogans, jactans, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 322, 13: epistolae jactantes et gloriosae, Plin. Ep. 3, 9: neque vereor ne jactantior videar, etc., id. ib. 9, 23; so Verg. A. 6, 815: jactantior hic paulo est, Hor. S. 1, 3, 50.
        With gen.: tumidus ae sui jactans, Quint. 11, 1, 50: plebis jactantissimus amator, Spart. Hadr. 17.
      2. 2. Transf., proud, noble, splendid: septemgemino jactantior aethera pulset Roma jugo, Stat. S. 4, 1, 6; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 1.
        Adv.: jactanter, boastfully, ostentatiously: minae jactanter sonantes, Amm. 27, 2, 3; Prud. Ham. 170.
        Comp.: jactantius maerere, Tac. A. 2, 77: litteras componere, id. H. 3, 53; Prud. Ham. 170.

jactūra, ae, f. [jacto], a throwing, a throwing away.

  1. I. Lit., a throwing overboard: si in mari jactura facienda sit, equine pretiosi potius jacturam faciat, an servuli vilis? Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89: gubernator, ubi naufragium timet, jactura, quidquid servari potest, redimit, Curt. 5, 9, 3; Dig. 14, 2, 2, § 2.
    1. B. Transf.
      1. 1. Loss, damage, detriment: si nullam praeterquam vitae jacturam fieri viderem, Caes. B. G. 7, 77: rei familiaris, id. ib. 7, 64: si qua jactura facienda sit in repraesentando, Cic. Att. 12, 29, 2; cf.: jacturae rei familiaris erunt faciendae, id. Fin. 2, 24, 79: jacturas afferre, Col. 1, 1: jacturam pati, id. praef. l. l.: sarcinarum potius quam disciplinae facere, Curt. 6, 6, 17: fuit ordinis retinendi causa facienda jactura, Cic. Att. 2, 1, 8: jacturam gravissimam feci, si jactura dicenda est tanti viri amissio, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 1.
        Of men: seniorum, Liv. 5, 39: equitum, id. 22, 8; Curt. 4, 14, 17: suorum, Caes. B. G. 7, 26: sepulcri, want of, Verg. A. 2, 646.
      2. 2. Expense, cost: provincia sumptibus et jacturis exhausta, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 2; 3, 29: non magnā jacturā factā, id. Clu. 8, 23: magnis jacturis sibi quorundam animos conciliare, Caes. B. C. 3, 29: eos ad se magnis jacturis pollicitationibusque perduxerant, id. B. G. 6, 12, 1.
      3. 3. A dismissal, turning away: clientis, Juv. 3, 125.
  2. II. Trop., loss or diminution: concedam hoc ipsum, si vis, etsi magnam jacturam causae fecero, Cic. Div. 2, 15, 34: dignitatis jacturam facere, id. Planc. 2, 6: jacturam criminum facere, i. e. to omit in the accusation, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: jacturam honoris et dignitatis facere, Caes. B. C. 1, 32: temporis, Liv. 39, 4: parvā jacturā acceptā, id. 4, 32: nulla Sophocleo veniet jactura cothurno, Ov. Am. 1, 15, 15; id. A. A. 2, 253: humani generis, id. M. 1, 246: famae, Juv. 6, 91.

‡ jactūrālis, ἐπιζήμιος, Gloss. Philox.

‡ jactūrārĭus, qui frequenter jacturam patitur, Gloss. Isid.

1. jactus, a, um, Part., from jacio.

2. jactus, ūs, m. [jacio], a throwing, casting, hurling; a throw, cast.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen.: jactus fulminum, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 18; Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 104: haec certamina tanta Pulveris exigui jactu compressa quiescunt, Verg. G. 4, 87: glebarum et testarum, Quint. 8, 2, 5: intra jactum teli progressus, Verg. A. 11, 608: teli jactu abesse, to be a spear’s-throw distant, Liv. 8, 7 init.: usque ad jactum tali, Tac. A. 13, 40; Curt. 3, 11, 1: truces in sublime jactus (of the bull), Plin. 11, 2, 1, § 4.
    2. B. In partic., a throw or cast of dice: quid est tam incertum quam talorum jactus, Cic. Div. 2, 59, 121: in prospero tesserarum jactu, Liv. 4, 17: talorum ducere jactus, Ov. A. A. 3, 353: ita vita’st hominum quasi si ludas tesseris: si illud, quod maxime opus’t jactu non cadit, etc., Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 22.
    3. C. Transf.
      1. 1. A throwing out, spreading: jactus radiorum, Plin. 2, 45, 45, § 116.
      2. 2. A throwing down or out, throwing overboard: jactum mercium facere levandae navis causā, a jettison, Dig. 14, 2, 1 sq.: facere jactum medio in ponto, Sen. Troad. 1037: horribilis de saxo jactu’ deorsum, Lucr. 3, 1016; Verg. G. 4, 528.
        Absol.: decidere jactu cum ventis, Juv. 12, 33; Paul. Sent. 2, 7.
      3. 3. A cast (of the net), a haul, draught: jactum retis emere, Dig. 19, 1, 11, § 18; Val. Max. 4, 1, 7 ext.
  2. * II. Trop., a throwing out, uttering: fortuitus jactus vocis, an assertion casually thrown out, Val. Max. 1, 5, 9.

3. Jactus, i, m., a river flowing into the Po, Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 118.

jăcŭlābĭlis, e, adj. [jaculor], that may be thrown or hurled: telum, Ov. M. 7, 680: pondus, Stat. Th. 6, 658.

* jăcŭlāmentum, i, n. [jaculor], a missive weapon, missile, Non. 556, 24.

jăcŭlātĭo, ōnis, f. [jaculor], a throwing, casting, hurling.

  1. I. Lit.: fulminatio est jaculatio cum ictu, Sen. Q. N. 2, 12, 1: equestris, Plin. 8, 42, 65, § 162: fulgoris, App. de Mundo, p. 64, 22.
  2. II. Trop.: in hac veluti jaculatione verborum, Quint. 6, 3, 43.

jăcŭlātor, ōris, m. [jaculor], a thrower, caster, hurler.

  1. I. In gen.: Enceladus jaculator audax (truncorum), Hor. C. 3, 4, 55: fulminis, Stat. Th. 12, 562; Arn. 4, 22: missis a rege Boccho jaculatoribus, Sen. Brev. Vit. 13, 6.
  2. II. In partic.
    1. A. A thrower of the dart or javelin (a sort of light-armed soldier, who carried only a dart or javelin): jaculatorum manus, Liv. 36, 18; 21, 21 al.
    2. B. A caster of the net, a fisherman, Plaut. ap. Isid. Orig. 19, 5, 2.
  3. III. Trop., an accuser: felix orator quoque maximus et jaculator, Juv. 7, 193.

jăcŭlātōrĭus, a, um, adj. [jaculator], of or for throwing or shooting: campus, where the exercise of throwing the javelin is practised, Dig. 9, 2, 9 fin.
Transf.: preces, Hier. Ep. 120.

jăcŭlātrix, īcis, f. [jaculator], she that hurls; the huntress, an epithet of Diana, Ov. M. 5, 375; id. F. 2, 155; id. H. 20, 229.

jăcŭlātus, ūs, m. [jaculor], a throwing, hurling, Tert. Spect. 18.

jăcŭlo, active form of the following, Inscr. Orell. 7416 λ; Ven. Fort. Vit. S. Mart. 2, 139; Isid. 18, 7, 8.
Pass., Luc. 3, 568.

jăcŭlor, ātus (inf. jacularier, Arn. 6, 16), 1, v. dep. [jaculum], to throw, cast, hurl.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen.: qui jaculum emittit jaculari dicitur, Quint. 8, 2, 5: in jaculando brachia reducimus, etc., id. 10, 3, 6: duros jaculatur Juppiter imbres, Col. poët. 10, 329: se in hostium tela, Flor. 1, 14, 4: in quas partes se jaculetur cometes, Plin. 2, 25, 23, § 92: puppibus ignes, Verg. A. 2, 276: rapidum e nubibus ignem, id. ib. 1, 42.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. 1. To throw the javelin, fight with the javelin: laudem consequi, equitando, jaculando, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 45: totum diem jaculans, id. Div. 2, 59, 121: cum in latus dextrum, quod patebat, Numidae jacularentur, Liv. 22, 50; Dig. 9, 2, 9, § 4.
      2. 2. To throw out, emit, spread: oculi lupo splendent, lucemque jaculantur, Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 151: umbram, id. 36, 10, 15, § 72.
      3. 3. To throw or hurl at, to strike, hit: cervos jaculari, Hor. C. 3, 12, 11: dextera sacras jaculatus arces, id. ib. 1, 2, 3: aliquem ferro acuto, Ov. Ib. 49: aëra disco, id. ib. 589: Juppiter igne suo lucos jaculatur et arces, id. Am. 3, 3, 35.
  2. II. Trop., to shoot at, assail, revile: verbum, Lucr. 4, 1129: sententias vibrantes digitis, Quint. 11, 3, 120: dicta in calvos, Petr. S. 109, 8: probris procacibus jaculari, in aliquem, Liv. 42, 54, 1: in uxorem obliquis sententiis, Quint. 9, 2, 79.
    1. B. To aim at, strive for: quid brevi fortes jaculamur aevo Multa? Hor. C. 2, 16, 17.
    2. C. (Eccl. Lat.) To utter rapidly, to ejaculate, Aug. Ep. 121 (130), 10, 20.

jăcŭlum, i, n. [jaculus].

  1. I. Lit., a dart, javelin: solem prae jaculorum multitudine et sagittarum non videbitis, Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 101: murum jaculo traicere, id. Fin. 4, 9, 22: has (litteras) ille in jaculo illigatas affert, Caes. B. G. 5, 44: acutum, Ov. M. 10, 130: torquere, Juv. 5, 155; 8, 124.
    1. B. Trop.: fulminis, Mart. Cap. 2, § 151: radiorum solis, id. 1, § 13.
  2. II. A net, v. jaculus.

jăcŭlus, a, um, adj. [jacio], that is thrown (mostly subst.). So, rete jaculum and simply jaculum, a casting-net, fishingnet, Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 14; id. As. 1, 1, 86; cf.: hi jaculo pisces, illi capiuntur ab hamis, Ov. A. A. 1, 763.
Also of the net of the gladiator retiarius, Isid. Orig. 18, 54.
Hence, subst.: jăcùlus, i, m.

  1. A. (Sc. serpens.) A serpent that darts from a tree on its prey: jaculi volucres, Luc. 9, 720; 9, 822; Plin. 8, 23, 35, § 85.
  2. B. Jaculus (sc. funis or laqueus), a sling or noose which is thrown over the horns of oxen, a lasso, Col. 6, 2, 4 (al. laquei).

jam, adv. [for diam, collat. form of diem, cf. pri-dem, du-dum, Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 213; II. p. 850; but acc. to Curt. Gr. Etym. 398, 620; locat. form from pronom. stem ja].

  1. I. Of time, denoting a point or moment of time as coinciding with that of the action, etc., described.
    1. A. Of present time.
      1. 1. As opp. to past or future, at this time, now, just now, at present, i. e. while I speak or write this.
        1. a. Jam alone: jamne autem, ut soles, deludis? Plaut. Aul. 5, 11: jam satis credis sobrium esse me, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 36: saltus reficit jam roscida luna, Verg. G. 3, 337: jam tenebris et sole cadente, id. ib. 3, 401: jamque dies, ni fallor, adest, id. A. 5, 49: jam advesperascit, Ter. And. 3, 4, 2: reddere qui voces jam scit puer, Hor. A. P. 158: stabat modo consularis, modo septemvir epulonum; jam neutrum, Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 12: jam melior, jam, diva, precor, Verg. A. 12, 179: Hem, scio jam quod vis dicere, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 36: in ea (consuetudine) quaedam sunt jura ipsa jam certa propter vetustatem, Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 67: jam tempus agi, Verg. A. 5, 638: surgere jam tempus, Cat. 62, 3.
        2. b. Strengthened.
          1. (α) By repetition: jam jam, jam jamque (nearly = nunc), at this very time, precisely now: jam jam intellego, Crasse, quod dicas, Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 90: jam jam minime miror te otium perturbare, id. Phil. 2, 34, 87: jam jam dolet quod egi, jam jamque paenitet, Cat. 63, 73: jam jam linquo acies, Verg. A. 12, 875: jam jamque video bellum, Cic. Att. 16, 9 fin.: at illum ruere nuntiant et jam jamque adesse, id. ib. 7, 20, 1; cf.: jam mihi, jam possim contentus vivere parvo, Tib. 1, 1, 25 (7).
          2. (β) By nunc: jam nunc, just now, at this very time, as things now are: jam nunc irata non es, Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 65: dux, jam nunc locatus in urbe, Liv. 22, 38, 9; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 127: quae cum cogito, jam nunc timeo quidnam, etc., Cic. Div. in Caecil. 13, 42: deliberationis ejus tempus ita jam nunc statui posse, etc., Liv. 31, 32, 3: ipsa Venus laetos jam nunc migravit in agros, Tib. 2, 3, 3: nec jam nunc regina loquor, Val. Fl. 8, 47; so, nunc jam (nunciam): secede huc nunciam, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 23: audi nunciam, Ter. And. 2, 1, 29: i nunciam, id. Ad. 2, 1, 21: nunc jam sum expeditus, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 12, 5: nunc jam nobis vobisque consulatus patet, Liv. 7, 32, 14.
          3. (γ) By tum: jam tum opifices funguntur munere, Plin. 11, 21, 24, § 74; Verg. G. 2, 405; id. A. 1, 18.
          4. (δ) By pridem, v. jampridem.
      2. 2. In contrast with the time at which something was expected.
        1. a. Of that which occurs sooner, already, so soon: quies (animos) aut jam exhaustos aut mox exhauriendos, renovavit, Liv. 21, 21, 7: gravitate valetudinis, qua tamen jam paululum videor levari, Cic. Fam. 6, 2, 1; 3, 8, 16: jamne ibis, are you going so soon, Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 86; id. Rud. 2, 7, 26.
        2. b. Of that which occurs later, at last, now, only now: ohe jam desine deos uxor gratulando obtundere, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 8: postulo, Dave, ut redeat jam in viam, id. And. 1, 2, 19: jamque sero diei subducit ex acie legionem faciendis castris, Tac. A. 2, 21: jam sanguinis alti vis sibi fecit iter, Luc. 2, 214.
          Tandem or aliquando is often added: jam tandem ades ilico, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 39: putamus enim utile esse te aliquando jam rem transigere, Cic. Att. 1, 4, 1: jam tandem Italiae fugientis prendimus oras, Verg. A. 6, 61; Liv. 22, 12, 10.
      3. 3. As continued from the past, already, by this time, ere now, till now, hitherto: et apud Graecos quidem jam anni prope quadrigenti sunt, etc., Cic. Or. 51, 171: obsolevit jam ista oratio, id. de Imp. Pomp. 17, 52: nondum feminam aequavimus gloriā, et jam nos laudis satietas cepit? Curt. 9, 6, 23.
        With numerals and words specifying time: jam biennium est, cum mecum coepit rem gerere, Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 35; so, plus jam anno, id. Curc. 1, 1, 14: sunt duo menses jam, Cic. Rosc. Com. 3, 8: qui septingentos jam annos vivunt, etc., id. Fl. 26, 63: annum jam tertium et vicesimum regnat, id. de Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; id. Fin. 2, 29, 94.
      4. 4. With imperatives, to express haste or impatience, like Engl. now, now, straightway, at once: quid miserum, Aenea, laceras? Jam parce sepulto, Verg. A. 3, 41: sed jam age, carpe viam, id. ib. 6, 629: et jam tu … illum adspice contra, id. ib. 11, 373.
        So in impetuous or passionate questions (freq. in Plaut.): Jam tu autem nobis praeturam geris? Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 23; cf. id. Aul. 5, 11; id. Bacch. 2, 2, 25.
      5. 5. Jam … jam, at one time … at another, now … now, at this time … at that: jamque eadem digitis jam pectine pulsat eburno, Verg. A. 647: jamque hos cursu, jam praeterit illos, id. ib. 4, 157: qui jam contento, jam laxo fune laborat, Hor. S. 2, 7, 20: jam vino quaerens, jam somno fallere curas, id. ib. 2, 7, 114: jam secundae, jam adversae res, ita erudierant, etc., Liv. 30, 30; Tib. 1, 2, 49; Ov. M. 1, 111.
    2. B. Of past time.
      1. 1. In the time just past, but now, a moment ago, a little while ago, just: videamus nunc quam sint praeclare illa his, quae jam posui, consequentia, Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 26: Arsinoë et jam dicta Memphis, Plin. 5, 9, 11, § 61: insulae praeter jam dictas, id. 3, 26, 30, § 151: hiems jam praecipitaverat, Caes. B. C. 3, 25, 1: domum quam tu jam exaedificatam habebas, Cic. Att. 1, 6, 1.
      2. 2. Like English now, by this time, already.
        1. a. Alone: jam advesperascebat, Liv. 39, 50: Hannibalem movisse ex hibernis, et jam Alpes transire, id. 27, 39: et jam fama volans … domos et moenia complet, Verg. A. 11, 139; 12, 582; Caes. B. G. 1, 11; 6, 6: jamque rubescebat Aurora, Verg. A. 3, 521; 10, 260: ut semel inclinavit pugna, jam intolerabilis Romana vis erat, Liv. 6, 32: cum decimum jam diem graviter ex intestinis laborarem, Cic. Fam. 7, 26, 1.
        2. b. Strengthened.
          1. (α) Jam jamque, Verg. A. 8, 708.
          2. (β) By tum, as early as that: se jam tum gessisse pro cive, Cic. Arch. 5, 11; Liv. 29, 1; Verg. 7, 738; Tac. Agr. 45.
          3. (γ) By tunc (post-Aug.; once in Cic.), Suet. Aug. 89; id. Ner. 7; Tac. H. 4, 50; Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 3 dub.
      3. 3. Of a time succeeding another time referred to, from that time, thenceforth, thereafter (esp. with a or ab, when it is often = Eng. even, very): qui aequom esse censent nos jam a pueris nasci senes, Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 2: quae me maxime sicuti jam a prima adolescentia delectarunt, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 67: benevolentia quae mihi jam a pueritia tua cognita est, id. ib. 4, 7, 1: dederas enim jam ab adolescentia documenta, id. Mil. 8, 22: jam ab illo tempore, cum, etc., from the very time when, etc., id. Fam. 2, 16, 9; cf.: urgerent philosophorum greges jam ab illo fonte et capite Socrate, id. de Or. 1, 10, 42.
        So with ex: jam ex quo ipse accepisset regnum, ever since, Liv. 42, 11, 8.
    3. C. Of future time.
      1. 1. In the time immediately approaching, forthwith, straightway, directly, presently: occlude sis fores ambobus pessulis: jam ego hic ero, Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 25: ille jam hic aderit, id. Ep. 2, 2, 72: omitte; jam adero, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 26; cf. id. ib. 4, 6, 1; id. And. 1, 2, 9; 4, 4, 38: bono animo es; jam argentum ad eam deferes, quod ei es pollicitus, id. Heaut. 4, 6, 18: facere id ut paratum jam sit, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 76: jam fuerit, neque post unquam revocare licebit, Lucr. 3, 927: jam faciam quod voltis, Hor. S. 1, 1, 16: jam enim aderunt consules ad suas Nonas, Cic. Att. 7, 20, 2.
      2. 2. In the time immediately succeeding another time referred to, forthwith, at once, straightway, then: nunc ubi me illic non videbit, jam huc recurret, Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 10: accede ad ignem … jam calesces, id. Eun. 1, 2, 5: nisi puerum tollis, jam ego hunc in mediam viam provolvam, id. And. 4, 4, 38: de quibus jam dicendi locus erit, cum de senioribus pauca dixero, Cic. Brut. 25, 96: agedum, dictatorem creemus. Jam hic centicescet furor, Liv. 2, 29, 11: aperi, inquit, jam scies, Petr. 16, 2; cf. Verg. A. 1, 272.
      3. 3. Representing as present an impending event, now, already, presently (mostly poet.): jam te premet nox, Hor. C. 1, 4, 16: jam veniet mors, jam subrepet iners aetas, Tib. 1, 1, 70: jam mare turbari trabibus videbis, jam fervere litora flammis, Verg. A. 4, 566; 6, 676: alius Latio jam partus Achilles, id. ib. 6, 89: hic magnae jam locus urbis erit, Tib. 2, 5, 55.
    4. D. With negatives, denoting cessation of previous condition: jam non, no more, no longer: quem odisse jam non potestis, Cic. Clu. 10, 29; Ov. M. 4, 382: non jam, not any more, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 3: nihil jam, Caes. B. G. 2, 21.
    5. E. With comparatives: ad mitiora jam ingenia, which had become milder, Liv. 27. 39: ad ferociores jam gentes, which then were less civilized, id. 21, 60: una jam potior sententia, Stat. Th. 2, 368.
  2. II. In other relations.
    1. A. To denote that something will certainly, properly, or easily occur, under certain circumstances.
      1. 1. In a conclusion, to emphasize its relation to the condition, then surely, then: si cogites, remittas jam me onerare injuriis, Ter. And. 5, 1, 6: si quis voluerit animi sui notionem evolvere, jam se ipse doceat, eum virum bonum esse, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 76: si hoc dixissem, jam mihi consuli jure optimo senatus vim intulisset, id. Cat. 1, 8, 21; id. Leg. 1, 12, 34; id. Brut. 17, 68: si jubeat eo dirigi, jam in portu fore omnem classem, Liv. 29, 27, 8.
      2. 2. In a consequence, to show that it is conceived as immediate, now, then, therefore: satis est tibi in te, satis in legibus; jam contemni non poteris, Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 84: jam hoc non potest in te non honorifice esse dictum, id. Fam. 5, 2, 2; id. Leg. 2, 24, 60; id. Clu. 16, 46: nec hanc solam Romani meretricem colunt … Jam quanta ista immortalitas putanda est, Lact. 1, 20, 5: Quae cum ita sint, ego jam hinc praedico, Liv. 40, 36, 14: conspecta et ex muris ea multitudo erat; jamque etiam legionariae cohortes sequebantur, id. 10, 43, 1.
    2. B. In transitions.
      1. 1. To a new subject, now, moreover, again, once more then: jam de artificiis et quaestibus … haec fere accepimus, Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150; Verg. G. 2, 57: jam jura legitima ex legibus cognosci oportebit, Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 68: jam illud senatus consultum, quod eo die factum est, etc., id. Fam. 5, 2, 4: jam Saliare Numae carmen qui laudat, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 86.
        So with vero: jam vero motus animi, sollicitudines aegritudinesque oblivione leniuntur, Cic. Tusc. 5, 38, 110: jam vero virtuti Cn. Pompei quae potest par oratio inveniri? id. de Imp. Pomp. 11, 29; 14, 41; id. Off. 3, 13 init.
        With at enim: at enim jam dicetis virtutem non posse constitui, si ea, etc., Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 40 init.
      2. 2. In enumerations: et aures … itemque nares … jam gustatus … tactus autem, Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 141.
        So sometimes repeatedly, at one time … at another … at another, jam … jam … jam: jam medici, jam apparatus cibi, jam in hoc solum importatum instrumentum balinei nullius non succurrit valetudini, Vell. 2, 114, 2; cf. Flor. 2, 17, 8, and I. A. 5. supra.
    3. C. For emphasis.
      1. 1. After non modo … sed ( = adeo), now, even, I may say: non cum senatu modo, sed jam cum diis bellum gerere, Liv. 21, 63, 6.
      2. 2. Pressing the strict sense of a word or clause, now, precisely, indeed: (Hieronymum) quem jam cur Peripateticum appellem, nescio, Cic. Fin. 5, 5, 14: hoc quidem haud molestum est jam, quod collus collari caret, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 107: loquor enim jam non de sapientium, sed de communibus amicitiis, Cic. Lael. 21, 77: te quoque jam, Thais, ita me di bene ament, amo, Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 43: imitatio morum alienorum … jam inter leniores affectus numerari potest, Quint. 9, 2, 58: reliqua jam aequitatis sunt, id. 7, 1, 62: cetera jam fabulosa, Tac. G. 46: desine: jam venio moriturus, Verg. A. 10, 881.
        So esp. with et: et jam (cf. etiam), and indeed, and in fact, et lenitas illa Graecorum et verborum comprehensio, et jam artifex, ut ita dicam, stilus, Cic. Brut. 25, 96: pulchriora etiam Polycleti et jam plane perfecta, id. ib. 18, 70: Pompeium et hortari et orare et jam liberius accusare non desistimus, id. Fam. 1, 1, 3; Quint. Decl. 5, 3; Luc. 8, 659; cf. jamque, Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 9; so, jam et: nec deerat Ptolemaeus, jam et sceleris instinctor, Tac. H. 1, 23; 1, 22; and, ac jam: ac jam, ut omnia contra opinionem acciderent, tamen se plurimum navibus posse, Caes. B. G. 3, 9: jam ergo, in very fact: jam ergo aliquis condemnavit, Cic. Clu. 41, 113.
      3. 3. In climax, even, indeed, really: opus Paniceis, opus Placentinis quoque … jam maritumi omnes milites opus sunt mihi, Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 59: jam illa quae natura, non litteris, assecuti sunt, neque cum Graecia neque ulla cum gente sunt conferenda, Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 2: jam in opere quis par Romano miles? Liv. 9, 19, 8; Quint. 12, 1, 45; Cic. Rep. 1, 5; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 83.

jam-dūdum (or separat. jam dū-dum), adv., long since, long before, a long time ago.

  1. I. In gen.: dixi ego jamdudum tibi, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 78: jamdudum audivi, id. Merc. 5, 2, 112: jamdudum, si des, porrexi manum, id. Ps. 4, 7, 49: jamdudum est intus, id. As. 3, 3, 151; id. Am. 2, 1, 71: ego jamdudum hic adsum, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 5: quem jamdudum et Cotta et Sulpicius exspectat, Cic. de Or. 2, 7, 26: quod te jamdudum hortor, id. Cat. 1, 5, 12; id. Clu. 23, 63; Ov. H. 16, 13: jamdudum tibi non imprudens adversabar, Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 65: jamdudum flebam, I had been a long time weeping, Ov. M. 3, 656: jamdudum vincula pugnat exuere, id. ib. 7, 772; cf. id. ib. 8, 867.
    Corresp. with cum: jamdudum factum’st, quom abisti domo, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 3; so id. As. 5, 2, 40.
    In tmesi: quia jam non dudum ante lucem ad Veneris aedem venimus, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 105.
  2. II. In partic., i. q. jam modo, this very instant, without delay, forthwith, immediately, directly (poet.): jamdudum sumite poenas, Verg. A. 2, 103: ardua jamdudum demittite cornua, Ov. M. 11, 482: jamdudum dominae more venire jube, id. H. 20, 80; so id. M. 2, 843; 4, 405; 11, 483; 13, 457: candida jamdudum cingantur colla lacertis (i. q. statim), instantly, id. A. A. 2, 457: in medios ire furores, jamdudum moriture, paras? Luc. 2, 524: jamdudum incumbere aratris, Dum, sicca tellure, licet, Verg. G. 1, 213.

jam-jam (or separat. jam jam), the strengthened jam, already, now: o jamjam, optume, praeceptis paruisti, Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 72: jamjam faciam ut jusseris, id. Curc. 5, 3, 29: jamjam intellego, Crasse, quid dicas, Cic. de Or. 3, 24; id. Brut. 14, 55; id. Phil. 2, 34, 87: jamjam nulla mora est, Verg. A. 2, 701: jamjam casurae arces, Ov. M. 12, 588; v. jam, I. A. 1. b. α.

jam-jamquĕ (or separat. jam jam-quĕ).

  1. I. At this very moment, just now: quae potest in vita esse jucunditas, cum dies et noctes cogitandum sit, jamjamque esse moriendum? Cic. Tusc. 1, 7 fin.: cum Romae essem et te jamjamque visurum me putarem, id. Att. 12, 5 fin.; 14, 22, 1; id. Fin. 3, 14, 48: Caesar adventare jamjamque et adesse ejus equites nuntiabantur, Caes. B. C. 1, 14.
  2. II. The strengthened jam and jamjam, already, now, just: Umber Haeret hians, jam jamque tenet, Verg. A. 12, 754; 940; Ov. M. 1, 535; 11, 724; v. jam, I. A. 1. b. α.

jam-prīdem (and separat. jam prī-dem; v. jam and pridem),

  1. I. adv., long ago, long since, a long time ago: id jam pridem sensi, Plaut. Pseud. 1, 5, 7: is jam pridem mortuus est, Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 42; id. Att. 11, 14, 4: erat jam pridem apud me reliquum pauxillulum nummorum, Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 3: jam pridem quidem, cum vultus inter vos minime fraternos cernebam, Liv. 40, 8; so opp. nondum, Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 35: te nunc etiam, Cic. Marc. 9, 28: te nunc vero, id. Att. 2, 7, 4.
  2. II. Esp., This long time, now for a long time, hitherto: cupio equidem, et jam pridem cupio, etc., Cic. Att. 2, 5, 1: jam pridem hanc prolem cupio enumerare meorum, Verg. A. 6, 717; id. E. 2, 43: nihil jam sum pridem admiratus magis, Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 1: qui bellum jam pridem parabat, had long been preparing, Just. 12, 8, 2: veritus ne traderetur Philippo, jam pridem hosti, Liv. 36, 14; v. jam, I. A. 1. b., and pridem.

Jana, ae, f., for

  1. I. Diana, the moon-goddess, Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 3; Macr. S. 1, 9; cf. the letter D.
  2. II. The goddess of doors and passages, Tert. adv. Nat. 2, 15.

Jānālis, e, adj. [Janus], of or belonging to Janus: virga, Ov. F. 6, 165.

‡ jānĕus, janitor, Paul. ex Fest. p. 102 Müll.

Jānĭcŭlum, i, n. [Janus],

  1. I. one of the hills of Rome, on which Janus was said to have built a citadel, Verg. A. 8, 358; Ov. F. 1, 245; cf. Liv. 1, 33; Mart. 4, 64, 3; Cic. Agr. 1, 5, 16; 2, 27, 74; id. Mil. 27, 74 al.
    Hence,
  2. II. Jānĭcŭlāris, e, adj., of Janiculum: mons, i. e. Janiculum, Serv. ad Verg. A. 6, 784.

Jānĭgĕna, ae, f. [Janus-gigno], begotten by Janus, child of Janus, Ov. M. 14, 381.

jānĭtor (‡ jānĭtos, Varr. L. L. 7, § 27 Müll.), ōris, m. [janua],

  1. I. a door-keeper, porter, janitor: heus ecquis hic est janitor? aperite, Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 110: carceris, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 118: janitor (indignum!) durā religate catenā, Ov. Am. 1, 6, 1: utque sedens vester primi prope limina tecti, janitor egressus videt, id. F. 1, 138; Hor. S. 2, 7, 45; id. C. 3, 14, 23; Tib. 1, 1, 65; Col. 1 praef.
  2. II. Poet., transf.
    1. A. Caeli janitor, i. e. Janus, Ov. F. 1, 139.
    2. B. (Ingens) janitor, of Cerberus, Verg. A. 6, 400; cf. Hor. C. 3, 11, 16.

‡ jānĭtrīces, corrupted from εἰνατέρες, the wives of two brothers, Dig. 38, 10, 4, § 6; Isid. 9, 7, 17.

jānĭtrix, īcis, f. [janitor], a female door-keeper, a portress.

  1. I. Lit.: anus hic solet cubitare custos, janitrix, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 76.
  2. II. Transf.: laurus janitrix Caesarum, i. e. planted in front of the house, Plin. 15, 30, 39, § 127.

jānŭa, ae, f. [Janus, i. e. ianus, from i, ire; cf. Sanscr. yāna, itio, incessus, from yā, ire], a door, house-door.

  1. I. Lit.: principem in sacrificando Janum esse voluerunt, quod ab eundo nomen est ductum: ex quo transitiones perviae, jani; foresque in liminibus profanarum aedium januae nominantur, Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 67: claudere, id. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66: januam occludere, Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 11: pultare, id. Poen. 3, 4, 30: ante ostium et januam, id. Pers. 5, 1, 6: indiligenter observare, id. As. 2, 2, 7: reserare, Ov. H. 4, 141: frangere, Hor. S. 1, 2, 128.
    The dog was commonly chained there; hence, janua mordax, Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 1; cf. id. Most. 3, 2, 126 sq.
    1. B. Transf., an entrance of any sort: inferni janua regis, Verg. A. 6, 106; cf.: atri janua Ditis, id. ib. 6, 127: mortis, Sil. 11, 187: leti, Val. Fl. 4, 23: cum eam urbem sibi Mithridates Asiae januam fore putasset, the key of Asia, Cic. Mur. 15, 33: hic locus est gemini janua vasta maris, Ov. Tr. 1, 10, 32.
  2. II. Trop., an entrance, approach: qua nolui janua sum ingressus in causam, Cic. Planc. 3, 8: facillime vos ad ea, quae cupitis, perventuros, ab hoc aditu januaque patefacta, id. de Or. 1, 47, 204: illa januam Famae patefecit, Plin. Ep. 1, 18, 4; Val. Fl. 4, 231: vultus ac frons, quae est animi janua, Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 11, 44: ego sum ostium, Vulg. Johan. 10, 2.

‡ Jānŭal, ālis, n.: libi genus, quod Jano tantummodo libatur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 104 Müll.

Jānŭālis, e, adj. [Janus], of or belonging to Janus: versus Januales (al. Janulii), Paul. ex Fest. s. v. axamenta: Janualis porta dicta ab Jano: et ideo ibi positum Jani signum, et jus institutum a Numa Pompilio, ut scribit in annalibus L. Piso, ut sit clausa semper, nisi cum bellum sit, Varr. L. L. 5, § 165; cf. Ov. F. 1, 127; Macr. S. 1, 9.

Jānŭārĭus, a, um, adj. [Janus], of or belonging to Janus.
Esp.,

  1. A. Januarius mensis, the month of January: auctio constituta in mensem Januarium, Cic. Agr. 1, 2, 4: Januario mense cura ut Romae sis, id. Att. 1, 2, 2.
    Also, subst.: Jānŭārĭus, i, m. (sc. mensis), January: a. d. VII. Idus Januarii, Caes. B. C. 1, 5; Hirt. B. G. 8, 2.
  2. B. Kalendae Januariae, the first day of January. This was a festival on which the Romans presented their good wishes to each other It was also regarded as a fortunate day on which to begin any undertaking, Cic. Agr. 1, 8, 26; 2, 3, 6; 2, 3, 8; Ov. F. 1, 64; Col. 11, 2: Nonae Januariae, Caes. B. C. 3, 6; Plin. 8, 45, 70, § 177.

Jānus, i, m. [root i, ire, prop. a going, a going through, passage; cf. janua],

  1. I. an old Italian deity. He was represented with a face on the front and another on the back of his head, Ov. F. 1, 245; hence, anceps, id. M. 14, 334. The month of January, Mensis Jani, Ov. F. 2, 51, was sacred to him, as were all other beginnings. The myth makes him a king of Latium or Etruria, where he hospitably received Saturn when expelled by Jupiter from Crete, Macr. S. 1, 7, 8, 9. He had a small temple in the Forum, with two doors opposite to each other, which in time of war stood open and in time of peace were shut; the temple was thrice closed on this account: in the time of Numa, after the first Punic war, and after the battle of Actium, Ov. F. 1, 281. With reference to his temple, the deity was called Janus geminus, or Janus Quirinus, Macr. S. 1, 9; Suet. Aug. 22; for which, poet.: Janus Quirini, Hor. C. 4, 15, 9.
    Joined with pater: Januspater, Gell. 5, 12, 5.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. The temple of Janus: Janum ad infimum Argiletum indicem pacis bellique fecit, Liv. 1, 19; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 1.
    2. B. An arched passageway, covered passage, arcade: janos tres faciendos locavit, Liv. 41, 27; 2, 49; Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 67; Suet. Aug. 31.
    3. C. In partic., Jani, four arched passages in the Roman Forum, where the merchants and moneychangers had their stand: qui Puteal Janumque timet, celeresque Calendas, Ov. R. Am. 561: haec Janus summus ab imo Prodocet, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54: postquam omnis res mea Janum Ad medium fracta est, id. S. 2, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 2, 25, 90; id. Phil. 6, 5, 15 al.
    4. D. A year: vive, vale et totidem venturos congere Janos, quot, etc., Aus. Ep. 20, 13.

Jānus-păter, v. Janus.

Jăvŏlēnus, v. Jabolenus.

Jaxămătae, ārum, m., a people on the lake Mæotis, Val. Fl. 6, 146; Amm. 22, 8, 31; called also Ixămătae, Mel. 1, 19, 17.

Jaxartes, is, m., a river of Sogdiana, now Sir or Sihoon, Mel. 3, 5, 6; Amm. 23, 6, 63.

Jāzyges, v. Iazyges.