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jăcĭo, jēci, jactum, 3, v. a. [cf. διώκω, to pursue; Germ. jagen], to make go, cause to go, send; hence, to throw, cast, fling, hurl.

  1. I. Lit.: genu ad aliquem, to hit or push one with the knee, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 17: lapides, Cic. Mil. 15: fulmen in medium mare, id. Div. 2, 19: in quem scyphum de manu jacere conatus, id. Verr. 2, 4, 10: aridam materiam de muro in aggerem, Caes. B. G. 7, 24: se in profundum, Cic. Sest. 20: saxeam pilam ponto, Verg. A. 9, 712: ensem fluctibus mediis, id. ib. 10, 683: balearica plumbum Funda jacit, Ov M. 2, 728: libellos in faciem ejus, Suet. Claud. 15 fin.
    Freq. of dice-throwing: talos, Plaut. As. 4, 1, 35; 5, 2, 54; Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 54: Venerem, id. Div. 2, 59, 121; Suet. Aug. 71.
    1. B. Transf.
      1. 1. To lay, set, establish, build, found, construct, erect: urbi fundamenta, Liv. 1, 12: vallum, id. 30, 10: aggere jacto, Caes. B. G. 2, 12: molem, id. B. C. 1, 25: muros, Verg. A. 5, 631; 9, 712: moles, Cic. Att. 9, 14, 1: novae domus fundamenta, Suet. Calig. 22; Ov. F. 4, 835: molem in mare, Dig. 43, 8, 2, § 8.
      2. 2. To send forth, emit; to bring forth, produce: de corpore odorem, Lucr. 2, 846: igniculos, Cic. Att. 15, 26, 2: jacturas poma myricas, that will bear, Ov. A. A. 1, 747.
      3. 3. To throw away: scuta jacere, fugereque hostes, more habent licentiam, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 27: vestem procul, Ov. M. 4, 357: is sua jecit humi arma, id. ib. 3, 127: pavidas pharetras, Val. Fl. 5, 427.
        Esp., to throw overboard, Dig. 41, 2, 21, § 2; 14, 2, 2, § 7; to cast, shed: cornua, Ov. A. A. 3, 78.
      4. 4. To throw, scatter, sow: volucres semina jacta legunt, Ov. M. 5, 485; id. H. 12, 17: jacto semine, Verg. G. 1, 104: seminibus jactis, id. ib. 2, 57; 6, 11; id. F. 1, 662: flores, id. A. 5, 79: lapides, id. E. 6, 41.
      5. 5. To project as a shadow: nullam umbram, Plin. 2, 73, 75, § 183 sq.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To throw, cast: contumeliam in aliquem, Cic. Sull. 7, 23: injuriam in aliquem, id. Par. 4, 1: adulteria, to lay to one’s charge, id. Planc. 12, 30: ridiculum, id. Or. 26, 87: id, quod proponendum fuit, permotis animis jacit ad extremum, id. Part. 13, 46: jecit quidam casus caput meum, in mediam contentionem, id. Fam. 1, 9, 13: probra in feminas illustres, Tac. A. 11, 13.
    2. B. To lay, set, establish: causae fundamenta, Cic. Fl. 2, 4: fundamenta pacis, id. Phil. 1, 1, 1: gradum atque aditum ad rem, id. Agr. 2, 15: odia in longum jacere, to strew, sow, Tac. A. 1, 69: fundamenta reipublicae, Suet. Aug. 28.
    3. C. To throw out in speaking, to let fall, intimate, utter, mention, declare: assiduas querelas, Cic. poët. Div 1, 8, 14: illud, quod jacis obscure, id. Att. 2, 7, 4: suspicionem, id. Fl. 3, 6: de lacu Albano, Liv. 5, 15: vera an vana, id. 6, 14: multo plura praesens audivit, quam in absentem jacta erant, id. 43, 8: Jugurtha inter alias jacit oportere, etc., Sall. J. 11: quaedam de habitu cultuque et institutis ejus, Tac. A 1, 11: fortuitos sermones, id. ib. 4, 68: ali quid per vaniloquentiam ac minas, id. ib 6, 31: multasque nec dubias significationes saepe jecit, Suet. Ner. 37: crimina non haec sunt nostro sine jacta dolore, Tib. 4, 14, 3.

jactūra, ae, f. [jacto], a throwing, a throwing away.

  1. I. Lit., a throwing overboard: si in mari jactura facienda sit, equine pretiosi potius jacturam faciat, an servuli vilis? Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89: gubernator, ubi naufragium timet, jactura, quidquid servari potest, redimit, Curt. 5, 9, 3; Dig. 14, 2, 2, § 2.
    1. B. Transf.
      1. 1. Loss, damage, detriment: si nullam praeterquam vitae jacturam fieri viderem, Caes. B. G. 7, 77: rei familiaris, id. ib. 7, 64: si qua jactura facienda sit in repraesentando, Cic. Att. 12, 29, 2; cf.: jacturae rei familiaris erunt faciendae, id. Fin. 2, 24, 79: jacturas afferre, Col. 1, 1: jacturam pati, id. praef. l. l.: sarcinarum potius quam disciplinae facere, Curt. 6, 6, 17: fuit ordinis retinendi causa facienda jactura, Cic. Att. 2, 1, 8: jacturam gravissimam feci, si jactura dicenda est tanti viri amissio, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 1.
        Of men: seniorum, Liv. 5, 39: equitum, id. 22, 8; Curt. 4, 14, 17: suorum, Caes. B. G. 7, 26: sepulcri, want of, Verg. A. 2, 646.
      2. 2. Expense, cost: provincia sumptibus et jacturis exhausta, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 2; 3, 29: non magnā jacturā factā, id. Clu. 8, 23: magnis jacturis sibi quorundam animos conciliare, Caes. B. C. 3, 29: eos ad se magnis jacturis pollicitationibusque perduxerant, id. B. G. 6, 12, 1.
      3. 3. A dismissal, turning away: clientis, Juv. 3, 125.
  2. II. Trop., loss or diminution: concedam hoc ipsum, si vis, etsi magnam jacturam causae fecero, Cic. Div. 2, 15, 34: dignitatis jacturam facere, id. Planc. 2, 6: jacturam criminum facere, i. e. to omit in the accusation, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: jacturam honoris et dignitatis facere, Caes. B. C. 1, 32: temporis, Liv. 39, 4: parvā jacturā acceptā, id. 4, 32: nulla Sophocleo veniet jactura cothurno, Ov. Am. 1, 15, 15; id. A. A. 2, 253: humani generis, id. M. 1, 246: famae, Juv. 6, 91.