Lewis & Short

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ordo, ĭnis, m. [from root or-; Sanscr. ar-, to go, strive upward; cf. orior, through an adj. stem ordo-; v. Corss. Krit. Beitr. p. 108], a regular row, line, or series, methodical arrangement, order (class.; syn.: series, tenor).

  1. I. In gen.: ordinem sic definiunt compositionem rerum aptis et accommodatis locis, Cic. Off. 1, 40, 142: vis ordinis et collocationis, id. ib. 1, 40, 142: arbores in ordinem satae, i. e. planted in a quincunx, Varr. R. R. 1, 7; cf. Cic. Caecil. 8, 22; id. Sen. 17, 59.
    1. B. Esp., right order, regular succession: fatum appello ordinem seriemque causarum, Cic. Div. 1, 55, 125: nihil esse pulchrius in omni ratione vitae dispositione atque ordine, Col. 12, 2: adhibere modum quendam et ordinem rebus, Cic. Off. 1, 5, 17: mox referam me ad ordinem, will soon bring myself to order, return to order, id. Ac. 2, 20, 67: res in ordinem redigere, to reduce to order, Auct. Her. 3, 9, 16; so, in ordinem adducere, Cic. Univ. 3: ordinem conservare, id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6: eundem tenere, to preserve, id. Phil. 5, 13, 35: sequi, id. Brut. 69, 244: immutare, to change, id. Or. 63, 214: perturbare, to disturb, id. Brut. 62, 223: cogere or redigere in ordinem, to reduce to order, to humble, degrade: decemviri querentes, se in ordinem cogi, Liv. 3, 51; 3, 35; Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 1; Quint. 1, 4, 3; so, in ordinem redactus, Suet. Vesp. 15; cf. trop.: gula reprimenda et quasi in ordinem redigenda est, Plin. Ep. 2, 6, 5.
    2. C. Adverb. expressions.
      1. 1. Ordine, in ordinem, per ordinem, in ordine, ex ordine, in order, in turn: Hegioni rem enarrato omnem ordine, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 53; Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 17; Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 28: interrogare, Cic. Part. 1, 2: tabulae in ordinem confectae, id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6: ordine cuncta exposuit, Liv. 3, 50, 4; 30, 15, 1: sortiti nocte singuli per ordinem, Quint. 4, 2, 72: hos Corydon, illos referebat in ordine Thyrsis, Verg. E. 7, 20; id. A. 8, 629: ut quisque aetate et honore antecedebat, ita sententiam dixit ex ordine, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 64, § 143: ordine se vocante, when his turn came, Macr. S. 2, 2, § 12: in ordine vicis, Vulg. Luc. 1, 8.
      2. 2. Ordine, regularly, properly, appropriately: omnia ut quidque Egisti ordine scio, Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 15: rem demonstravi ordine, id. Mil. 3, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 3, 17 Brix ad loc.: an id recte, ordine, e re publicā factum esse defendes? Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194: si hoc recte atque ordine factum videtur, id. Quint. 7, 28.
      3. 3. Ex ordine, in succession, without intermission: vendit Italiae possessiones ex ordine omnes, Cic. Agr. 1, 2, 4: septem illum totos perhibent ex ordine menses Flevisse, Verg. G. 4, 507; cf. id. A. 5, 773.
      4. 4. Extra ordinem.
        1. a. Out of course, in an unusual or extraordinary manner: extra ordinem decernere provinciam alicui, Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 19: crimina probantur, in an illegal manner, Dig. 48, 1, 8.
        2. b. Extraordinarily, i. e. uncommonly, eminently, especially: ad eam spem, quam extra ordinem de te ipso habemus, accedunt tua praecipua, Cic. Fam. 6, 5, 3.
  2. II. Transf. concr.
    1. A. In gen.
      1. 1. Tres ordines lapidum, three courses of stones, Vulg. 3 Reg. 6, 36.
        In building, a row, course, or layer of stones, etc.: obstructis in speciem portis singulis ordinibus caespitum, Caes. B. G. 5, 51: alius insuper ordo adicitur, id. ib. 7, 23: tot premit ordinibus caput, tiers or layers of ornaments, Juv. 6, 502.
      2. 2. A row of benches or seats: terno consurgunt ordine remi, in three rows of oar-banks, Verg. A. 5, 120: sex ordinum navem invenit Xenagoras, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 208.
        In the theatre, a row of seats: post senatores ex vetere instituto quatuordecim graduum ordines equestri ordini assignati fuere, Suet. Aug. 44: sedisti in quatuordecim ordinibus, Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 44.
      3. 3. A train of servants or attendants: comitum longissimus ordo, Juv. 3, 284.
    2. B. In milit. lang.
      1. 1. A line or rank of soldiers in battle array: auxilia regis nullo ordine iter fecerant, Caes. B. C. 2, 26: ne quisquam ordine egrederetur, Sall. J. 45, 2: nullo ordine commutato, id. ib. 101, 2: sine signis, sine ordinibus, id. ib. 97, 5; so, signa atque ordines observare, to keep the ranks, remain in line, id. ib. 51, 1: conturbare, id. ib. 50, 4: restituere, id. ib. 51, 3; Liv. 2, 50; 8, 8.
      2. 2. A band, troop, company of soldiers: viri fortissimi atque honestissimi, qui ordines duxerunt, who have led companies, have been officers, Cic. Phil. 1, 8, 20: L. Pupius primipili centurio, qui hunc eundem ordinem in exercitu Pompeii antea duxerat, Caes. B. C. 1, 13.
        Hence,
      3. 3. A captaincy, a command: ordinem alicui adimere, Tab. Heracl. ap. Mazoch. p. 423, n. 47; cf. on the contrary: alicui assignare, Liv. 42, 34: DARE, Inscr. Orell. 3456: centuriones ad superiores ordines transducere, Caes. B. G. 6, 40; cf. id. ib. 5, 4, 4.
          1. (β) Ordines, chieftains, captains: tribunis militum primisque ordinibus convocatis, the captains of the first companies, Caes. B. G. 6, 7 fin.; Liv. 30, 4, 1.
    3. C. In a polit. respect, an order, i. e. a rank, class, degree of citizens: et meus med ordo inrideat, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 55.
      In the time of Cicero there were three principal classes, ordo senatorius, equester, and plebeius: Fidiculanius cujus erat ordinis? senatoril, Cic. Clu. 37, 104; id. Fl. 18, 43: proximus est huic dignitati equester ordo, Cic. Dom. 28, 74; Suet. Aug. 41: inferiores loco, auctoritate, ordine, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 48, § 127: ordo amplissimus, i. e. the Senate: quem absentem in amplissimum ordinem cooptarunt, id. Cael. 2, 5; also termed SPLENDIDISSIMVS ORDO, Inscr. Orell. 1180; 1181; and simply ordo, the order, for the Senate: ordo Mutinensis, Tac. H. 2, 52; Inscr. Grut. 425, 1: trecentos ex dediticiis electos utriusque ordinis, i. e. of the two upper classes, Suet. Aug. 15.
      1. 2. In gen., a class, rank, station, condition: mearum me rerum aequom’st novisse ordinem, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 50: publicanorum, Cic. Fam. 13, 9, 2: aratorum, pecuariorum, mercatorum, id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17: homo ornatissimus loco, ordine, nomine, id. ib. 2, 1, 48, § 127: libertini, Suet. Gram. 18.
        So in the inscrr.: SACERDOTVM, HARVSPICVM, etc., Grut. 320, 12; 304, 7; 302, 2 et saep.; so, grammatici alios auctores in ordinem redigerunt, alios omnino exemerant numero, recognized among, placed in the rank of, Quint. 1, 4, 3.
          1. (β) Esp. (eccl. Lat.), an order in the church, an ecclesiastical rank or office: ordines sacerdotum et Levitarum, Vulg. 2 Esdr. 13, 30: secundum ordinem Melchisedek, id. Psa. 109, 5.