Lewis & Short

Parsing inflected forms may not always work as expected. If the following does not give the correct word, try Latin Words or Perseus.

1. ăd-ĕo, ĭī, and rarely īvi, ĭtum (arch. adirier for adiri, Enn. Rib. Trag. p. 59), 4, v. n. and a. (acc. to Paul. ex Fest. should be accented a/deo; v. Fest. s. v. adeo, p. 19 Müll.; cf. the foll. word), to go to or approach a person or thing (syn.: accedo, aggredior, advenio, appeto).

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen., constr.
          1. (α) With ad (very freq.): sed tibi cautim est adeundum ad virum, Att. ap. Non. 512, 10: neque eum ad me adire neque me magni pendere visu’st, Plaut. Cur. 2, 2, 12: adeamne ad eam? Ter. And. 4, 1, 15; id. Eun. 3, 5, 30: aut ad consules aut ad te aut ad Brutum adissent, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 208, 5: ad M. Bibulum adierunt, id. Fragm. ap. Arus. p. 213 Lind.: ad aedis nostras nusquam adiit, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 24: adibam ad istum fundum, Cic. Caec. 29
          2. (β) With in: priusquam Romam atque in horum conventum adiretis, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 11, § 26 ed. Halm.
            Esp.: adire in jus, to go to law: cum ad praetorem in jus adissemus, Cic. Verr. 4, § 147; id. Att. 11, 24; Caes. B. C. 1, 87, and in the Plebiscit. de Thermens. lin. 42: QVO DE EA RE IN IOVS ADITVM ERIT, cf. Dirks., Versuche S. p. 193.
          3. (γ) Absol.: adeunt, consistunt, copulantur dexteras, Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 38: eccum video: adibo, Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 5.
          4. (δ) With acc.: ne Stygeos adeam non libera manes, Ov. M. 13, 465: voces aetherias adiere domos, Sil. 6, 253: castrorum vias, Tac. A. 2, 13: municipia, id. ib. 39: provinciam, Suet. Aug. 47: non poterant adire eum, Vulg. Luc. 8, 19: Graios sales carmine patrio, to attain to, Verg. Cat. 11, 62; so with latter supine: planioribus aditu locis, places easier to approach, Liv. 1, 33.
            With local adv.: quoquam, Sall. J. 14: huc, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 60.
    2. B. Esp.,
      1. 1. To approach one for the purpose of addressing, asking aid, consulting, and the like, to address, apply to, consult (diff. from aggredior, q. v.).
        Constr. with ad or oftener with acc.; hence also pass.: quanto satius est, adire blandis verbis atque exquaerere, sintne illa, etc., Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 35: aliquot me adierunt, Ter. And. 3, 3, 2: adii te heri de filia, id. Hec. 2, 2, 9: cum pacem peto, cum placo, cum adeo, et cum appello meam, Lucil. ap. Non. 237, 28: ad me adire quosdam memini, qui dicerent, Cic. Fam. 3, 10: coram adire et alloqui, Tac. H. 4, 65.
        Pass.: aditus consul idem illud responsum retulit, when applied to, Liv. 37, 6 fin.: neque praetores adiri possent, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5.
        Hence: adire aliquem per epistulam, to address one in writing, by a letter: per epistulam, aut per nuntium, quasi regem, adiri eum aiunt, Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 9 and 10; cf. Tac. A. 4, 39; id. H. 1, 9.
        So also: adire deos, aras, deorum sedes, etc., to approach the gods, their altars, etc., as a suppliant (cf.: acced. ad aras, Lucr. 5, 1199): quoi me ostendam? quod templum adeam? Att. ap. Non. 281, 6: ut essent simulacra, quae venerantes deos ipsos se adire crederent, Cic. N. D. 1, 27: adii Dominum et deprecatus sum, Vulg. Sap. 8, 21: aras, Cic. Phil. 14, 1: sedes deorum, Tib. 1, 5, 39: libros Sibyllinos, to consult the Sibylline Books, Liv. 34, 55; cf. Tac. A. 1, 76: oracula, Verg. A. 7, 82.
      2. 2. To go to a thing in order to examine it, to visit: oppida castellaque munita, Sall. J. 94: hiberna, Tac. H. 1, 52.
      3. 3. To come up to one in a hostile manner, to assail, attack: aliquem: nunc prior adito tu, ego in insidiis hic ero, Ter. Ph. 1, 4, 52: nec quisquam ex agmine tanto audet adire virum, Verg. A. 5, 379: Servilius obvia adire arma jubetur, Sil. 9, 272.
  2. II. Fig.
    1. A. To go to the performance of any act, to enter upon, to undertake, set about, undergo, submit to (cf.: accedo, aggredior, and adorior).
      With ad or the acc. (class.): nunc eam rem vult, scio, mecum adire ad pactionem, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 25: tum primum nos ad causas et privatas et publicas adire coepimus, Cic. Brut. 90: adii causas oratorum, id. Fragm. Scaur. ap. Arus. p. 213 Lind.: adire ad rem publicam, id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70: ad extremum periculum, Caes. B. C. 2, 7.
      With acc.: periculum capitis, Cic. Rosc. Am. 38: laboribus susceptis periculisque aditis, id. Off. 1, 19: in adeundis periculis, id. ib. 24; cf.: adeundae inimicitiae, subeundae saepe pro re publica tempestates, id. Sest. 66, 139: ut vitae periculum aditurus videretur, Auct. B. G. 8, 48: maximos labores et summa pericula. Nep. Timol. 5: omnem fortunam, Liv. 25, 10: dedecus, Tac. A. 1, 39: servitutem voluntariam, id. G. 24: invidiam, id. A. 4, 70: gaudia, Tib. 1, 5, 39.
      Hence of an inheritance, t. t., to enter on: cum ipse hereditatem patris non adisses, Cic. Phil. 2, 16; so id. Arch. 5; Suet. Aug. 8 and Dig.; hence also: adire nomen, to assume the name bequeathed by will, Vell. 2, 60.
    2. B. Adire manum alicui, prov., to deceive one, to make sport of (the origin of this phrase is unc.; Acidalius conjectures that it arose from some artifice practised in wrestling, Wagner ad Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 8): eo pacto avarae Veneri pulcre adii manum, Plaut. Poen. 2, 11; so id. Aul. 2, 8, 8; id. Cas. 5, 2, 54; id. Pers. 5, 2, 18.

ad-sum (Ribbeck has written assum in Novius by conj. from suum of the MSS., Com. Trag. p. 262; in Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 67, adsum must be pronounced assum, as the pun on the word requires, Roby, I. p. 49), adfui (affui, Merkel, L. Müller), adesse, v. n. (arfui = adfui, S. C. de Bacch.; arf = adfuerunt, ib.; arfuise = adfuisse, ib.; v. ad init.; adsiem = adsim, Verg. Cat. 5, 6 (dicam, Rib.): adsiet, Cato, R. R. 141, 4; Plaut. As. 2, 4, 9; Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 11: adsient, id. Phorm. 2, 18, 3: adfore now and then takes the place of adfuturus esse, and adforem of adessem, which is written with one s, adesent, in S. C. de Bacch.), to be at or near a person or place, to be somewhere, to be present (opp. absum, to be distant, removed, absent).

  1. I. Lit.
          1. (α) Absol.: visus Homerus adesse poëta, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 16, 51 (Ann. v. 6 Vahl.), imitated by Verg. A. 2, 271, and Ov. M. 7, 635; v. below: Hegio adsum; si quid me vis, impera, Plaut. Capt. 5, 3, 1; so id. Truc. 2, 6, 33; 4, 3, 52: quasi adfuerim simulabo, id. Am. 1, 1, 45.
          2. (β) With adv. or adj.: etsi abest, hic adesse erum Arbitror, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 11: Philolaches jam hic aderit, id. Most. 5, 1, 29; and id. Ps. 1, 2, 48: quod adest praesto, Lucr. 5, 1412: ut quasi coram adesse videare, cum scribo aliquid ad te, Cic. Fam. 15, 16; id. Att. 5, 18, 3; Verg. A. 1, 595: non quia ades praesens dico hoc, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 39.
          3. (γ) With prepp.: ad exercitum, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 6: in tabernaculo, id. ib. 1, 1, 269: adsum apud te, id. Poen. 1, 2, 67: mulier ad eam rem divinam ne adsit, Cato, R. R. 83: ad portam, Cic. Div. 1, 27, 57: ante oculos maestissimus Hector Visus adesse mihi, Verg. A. 2, 271: ante oculos eadem mihi quercus adesse … visa est, Ov. M. 7, 635.
          4. (δ) With dat.: adsum praesens praesenti tibi, Plaut. Ps. 5, 1, 27: DVM. NE. MINVS. SENATORIBVS. C. ADESENT. S. C. de Bacch. (see Append. to this dictionary): portis, Verg. A. 2, 330: senatui, Tac. A. 4, 55: convivio, Suet. Tib. 61 fin.: quaestioni, id. ib. 62: pugnae. id. Oth. 9.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. Of time, to be present, be at hand: dum tempestates adsunt, Lucr. 1, 178: Vesper adest, Cat. 62, 1: jamque dies aderit, Ov. M. 3, 519; 9, 285; 12, 150: aderat judicio dies, Liv. 3, 12: cum jam partus adesset, Ov. M. 9, 674.
    2. B. Of other abstr. things, to be present, to be at hand (incorrectly made syn. with the simple esse).
          1. (α) Absol.: nunc adest occasio benefacta cumulare, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 63: ad narrandum argumentum adest benignitas, id. Men. prol. 16: omnia adsunt bona, quem penes est virtus, id. Am. 2, 2, 21: ut tranquillitas animi et securitas adsit, Cic. Off. 1, 20: tanti aderant morbi vesicae et viscerum, ut, etc., Cic. Fin. 2, 30.
          2. (β) With dat.: hominum quīs pudor paulum adest, Ter. And. 4, 1, 6: vigilantibus hinc aderant solacia somni, Lucr. 5, 1405: vis ad resistendum nulli aderat, Vell. 2, 61; 2, 21: vim adfore verbo Crediderat, Verg. A. 10, 547: tantus decor adfuit arti, Ov. M. 6, 18: simplicitas puerilibus adfuit annis, id. ib. 5, 400: quantus adest equis Sudor, Hor. C. 1, 15, 9: uti mox Nulla fides damnis adsit, id. Ep. 1, 17, 57: quousque patieris, Caesar, non adesse caput reipublicae? to be in his place, to be present, Tac. A. 1, 13 et saep.
    3. C. Animo or animis, to be present in mind, with attention, interest, sympathy; also, with courage (cf. animus); to give attention to something, to give heed, observe, attend to; also, to be fearless, be of good courage: ut intellegeretis eum non adfuisse animo, oum ab illis causa ageretur, Cic. Caecin. 10 fin.: adestote omnes animis, qui adestis corporibus, id. Sull. 11, 33; id. Phil. 8, 10, 30 (cf. Ter. And. prol. 24, and Phorm. prol. 30: adeste aequo animo): quam ob rem adeste animis, judices, et timorem, si quem habetis, deponite, Cic. Mil. 2, 4: ades animo et omitte timorem, id. Rep. 6, 10 fin.
    4. D. Poet., to be present with one, to be associated with, to attend: Tu ducibus Latiis aderis, cum laeta Triumphum Vox canet, Ov. M. 1, 560; of the cypress: aderis dolentibus, id. ib. 10, 142.
    5. E. To be present with one’s aid or support; to stand by, to assist, aid, help, protect, defend, sustain (esp. freq. of advocati; cf. absum): ibo ad forum atque aliquot mihi amicos advocabo, ad hanc rem qui adsient, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 82; id. Eun. 4, 6, 26: omnes enim hi, quos videtis adesse in hac causa, etc., Cic. Rosc. Am. 1; id. Verr. 2, 2, 29; id. Sull. 29; id. Phil. 2, 37, 95; Quint. 1, 4; 8, 30 et saep.: ego tamen tuis rebus sic adero ut difficillimis, Cic. Fam. 6, 14 fin.; so id. Att. 1, 1: Camulogenus suis aderat atque eos cohortabatur, Caes. B. G. 7, 62: dictator intercessioni adero, Liv. 6, 38: cui sententiae adest Dicaearchus, Plin. 2, 65, 65: Aderam Arrionillae, Timonis uxori, Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 5; 2, 11, 2: quod ille adversus privatum se intemperantius adfuisset, had taken part, Suet. Claud. 38 Bremi.
      With inf.: non Teucros delere aderam, Sil. 9, 532; so of a protecting, aiding divinity, esp. in invocations, adsis, adsit, etc.: adsis, o Tegeaee, favens, Verg. G. 1, 18; id. A. 4, 578: adsis, o Cytherea, id. Cat. 6, 11: ades, Dea, muneris auctor, Ov. M. 10, 673; so, Huc ades, Tib. 1, 7, 49: di omnes nemorum, adeste, Ov. M. 7, 198: nostris querelis adsint (dii), Liv. 3, 25: frugumque aderit mea Delia custos, Tib. 1, 5, 21: si vocata partubus Lucina veris adfuit, Hor. Epod. 5, 6: origini Romanae et deos adfuisse et non defuturam virtutem, Liv. 1, 9; 5, 51 al.
      To be present as a witness: (testes) adsunt cum adversariis, Cic. Fl. 23; promissi testis adesto, Ov. M. 2, 45; hence the t. t. scribendo adesse, to be present as a witness to some writing or contract (usually placed at the beginning of the writing), S. C. de Bacch. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 5 and 6 al.
  3. F. Involving the idea of motion, to come, to appear (most freq. in post-Aug. prose): adsum atque advenio Acherunte, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37; jam ego hic adero, Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 7; Ter. And. 4, 2, 32; id. Heaut. 3, 1, 96; id. Eun. 4, 7, 41: hi ex Africa jam adfuturi videntur, Cic. Att. 11, 15: Hymen ades o Hymenaee, Cat. 62, 5: Galli per dumos aderant, Verg. A. 8, 657; 11, 100: huc ades, o formose puer, id. E. 2, 45; 7, 9; Ov. M. 8, 598; 2, 513 (cf. also adesdum): ecce Arcas adest, appears, is arrived, id. ib. 2, 497; so 3, 102; 528; 4, 692; 5, 46; 8, 418; 9, 200, 304, 363, 760; 11, 349; 12, 341; 13, 73, 82, 662, 906: adfore tempus, quo, etc., id. ib. 1, 256; cum hostes adessent, i. e. appropinquarent, Liv. 2, 10: truci clamore aderant semisomnos in barbaros, Tac. A. 4, 25: infensi adesse et instare, Sall. J. 50: quod serius adfuisset, Suet. Aug. 94 al.
    In App. with acc.: cubiculum adero, Met. 2, p. 119 Elm.: scopulum aderunt, ib. 5, p. 160.
  4. G. As judicial t. t., to appear before a tribunal: C. Verrem altera actione responsurum non esse, neque ad judicium adfuturum … quod iste certe statuerat non adesse, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1: augures adsunt, id. Dom. 34: augurem adesse jusserunt, Vell. 2, 10; cf. Brisson. de Form. V. p. 446.
  5. H. Of the senate, to attend, to convene: edixit ut adesset senatus frequens a. d. viii. Kal. Decembris, Cic. Phil. 3, 19: ne sine causa videretur edixisse, ut senatus adcsset, id. ib. 24.