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aurum (Sab. ausum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll.; vulg. Lat., ōrum, ib. p. 183; cf. Ital. and Span. oro and Fr. or), i, n. [v. aes].

  1. I. Gold; as a mineral, v. Plin. 33, 4, 21, § 66 sqq.: auri venas invenire, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 151: venas auri sequi, Lucr. 6, 808; Tac. G. 5: aurum igni perspicere, Cic. Fam. 9, 16: eruere terrā, Ov. Am. 3, 8, 53: auri fodina, Plin. 33, 4, 21, § 78; Vulg. Gen. 2, 11; ib. 2 Par. 2, 7; ib. Matt. 2, 11; Naev. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 2, 797: ex auro vestis, id. 2, 22 (ap. Isid. Orig. 19, 22, 20) et saep.
    Provv.: montes auri polliceri, to promise mountains of gold, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 18: carius auro, more precious than gold, Cat. 107, 3 (cf.: κρεισσονα χρυσοῦ, Aesch. Choëph. 372; χρυσοῦ χρυσότερα, Sapph. Fr. 122. Ellis).
  2. II. Meton.
    1. A. Things made of gold, an ornament of gold, a golden vessel, utensil, etc.: Nec domus argento fulget nec auro renidet, gold plate, Lucr. 2, 27. So,
      1. 1. A golden goblet: et pleno se proluit auro, Verg. A. 1, 739: Regales epulae mensis et Bacchus in auro Ponitur, Ov. M. 6, 488: tibi non committitur aurum, Juv. 5, 39; 10, 27; Stat. Th. 5, 188; and in the hendiadys: pateris libamus et auro = pateris aureis, Verg. G. 2, 192.
      2. 2. A golden chain, buckle, clasp, necklace, jewelry: Oneratas veste atque auro, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 43: Donec eum conjunx fatale poposcerit aurum, Ov. M. 9, 411; 14, 394.
      3. 3. A gold ring: Ventilet aestivum digitis sudantibus aurum, Juv. 1, 28.
      4. 4. A golden bit: fulvum mandunt sub dentibus aurum, Verg. A. 7, 279; 5, 817.
      5. 5. The golden fleece: auro Heros Aesonius potitur, Ov. M. 7, 155.
      6. 6. A golden hairband, κρωβύλος: crines nodantur in aurum, Verg. A. 4, 138 Serv.
      7. 7. Esp. freq., gold as coined money: si quis illam invenerit Aulam onustam auri, Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 4: De Caelio vide, quaeso, ne quae lacuna sit in auro, Cic. Att. 12, 6, 1: Aurum omnes victā jam pietate colunt, Prop. 4, 12, 48 sq.: quid non mortalia pectora cogis Auri sacra fames? Verg. A. 3, 56; cf. Plin. 37, 1, 3, § 6; so Hor. C. 2, 16, 8; 2, 18, 36; 3, 16, 9; id. S. 2, 2, 25; 2, 3, 109; 2, 3, 142; id. Ep. 2, 2, 179; Vulg. Matt. 10, 9; ib. Act. 3, 6 et saep.
    2. B. The color or lustre of gold, the gleam or brightness of gold, Ov. M. 9, 689: anguis cristis praesignis et auro (hendiadys, for cristis aureis), id. ib. 3, 32: saevo cum nox accenditur auro, Val. Fl. 5, 369 (i. e. mala portendente splendore, Wagn.); so, fulgor auri, of the face, Cat. 64, 100, ubi v. Ellis.
    3. C. The Golden Age: redeant in aurum Tempora priscum, Hor. C. 4, 2, 39: subiit argentea proles, Auro deterior, Ov. M. 1, 115; 15, 260.

1. ōra, ae, f. [kindred with Sanscr. avāra, ripa citerior fluminis], the extremity of a thing; the border, brim, edge, margin, end, boundary.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen. (class.; syn.: limbus, fimbria, instita, margo): omnes avidi spectant ad carceris oras, at the barriers, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 88 Vahl.): oras pocula circum, Lucr. 4, 12: (clipei), Verg. A. 10, 243: vestimentorum, Fest. p. 182 Müll.; Vulg. Exod. 26, 10; id. Hag. 2, 13: gemmae, Plin. 37, 10, 66, § 180: vulneris, Cels. 5, 26, 23: aether, extrema ora et determinatio mundi, Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 101. cf.: regio nes, quarum nulla esset ora, nulla extremitas, id. Fin. 2, 31, 102.
    2. B. In partic., the coast, sea-coast (syn.: litus, ripa): Graeciae, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 1: Asiae, Nep. Alc. 5, 6: maritima, Caes. B. G. 3, 8: Jordanis, Vulg. 1 Macc. 9, 43; but transf.: ora maritima, the inhabitants of the coast, people of the maritime districts, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 23, 67. So, jam Misenensem classem et pulcherrimam Campaniam oram descivisse, Tac. H. 3, 60.
    3. C. Transf.
      1. 1. A region, clime, country: quacumque in orā ac parte terrarum, Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164: gelida, Hor C. 1, 26, 4: conexa arbustorum ratio est, quas in oras debeant spectare, Plin. 17, 2, 2, 19 (al. horas): Trojae qui primus ab oris Italiam … venit, Verg. A. 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 3, 97; 10, 706.
      2. 2. Poet.: luminis orae, the world, the earth, life, light: tu produxisti nos intra luminis oras, Enn. ap. Cic. Rep. 1, 41, 64 (Ann. v. 118 Vahl.); cf.: sum (i. e. eum) quae dederit in luminis oras, id. Fragm. ap. Fest. s. v. sum, p. 298 Müll. (Ann. v. 165 Vahl.); Lucr. 1, 22: inde enascitur atque oras in luminis exit, id. 1, 170; 1, 179; cf. id. 5, 224; 781: quem Rhea sacerdos Furtivum partu sub luminis edidit oras, Verg. A. 7, 660: sponte suā quae se tollunt in luminis oras, id. G. 2, 47: Acherontis orae, the lower regions: animas Acheruntis in oras Ducere, Lucr. 6, 763.
      3. 3. A zone: globum terrae duabus oris distantibus habitabilem, Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 68.
      4. 4. A rope or cable by which a ship or boat is fastened to the shore; opp. ancoralia, the anchor-cables: cum alii resolutis oris in ancoras evecti tenentur, alii, ne quid teneat, ancoralia incidunt, Liv. 22, 19, 10 Weissenb. ad loc.: ne hostes cum suis simul inrumperent, trahunt scalas orasque et ancoras praecidunt, id. 28, 36, 11; cf.: sublatae sunt ancorae, solvimus oram, profecti sumus, Quint. 4, 2, 41; Ep. ad Tryph. 3.
  2. II. Trop. (very rare, and only poet.): quis potis ingentes oras evolvere belli? qs. to unroll the edges of the picture of this war, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 178 Vahl.): imitated by Virgil: aspirate canenti … Et mecum ingentis oras evolvite belli, Verg. A. 9, 528; cf. Serv. ad loc.: in luminis oras eruere, to bring to light, Lucr. 5, 1455.

2. Ŏra (Hŏra), ae, f., the name of Hersilia, as a goddess, Ov. M. 14, 851.

ōro, āvi, ātum, 1 (orassis for oraveris, Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 63), v. a. and n. [1. os, to speak]: oro ab ore, Varr. L. L. 6, § 76 Müll.

  1. I. In gen. (so obsol.): orare antiquos dixisse pro agere testimonio est, quod oratores dicti et causarum actores et qui rei publicae mandatas causas agebant, Fest. p. 198 Müll.: bonum aequumque oras, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 151: talibus orabat Juno, Verg. A. 10, 96.
  2. II. In partic.
    1. A. To treat, argue, plead (as an ambassador, advocate, etc.; class., but very rare; cf. ago): REM VBI PAGVNT ORATO, Fragm. XII. Tab.: matronis ipsis, quae raptae erant, orantibus, i. e. at their mediation, Cic. Rep. 2, 7, 13: causam capitis, to argue, plead, id. Brut. 12, 47: orandae litis tempus accommodare, id. Off. 3, 10, 43: si causa oranda esset, Liv. 39, 40, 6: causas melius, Verg. A. 6, 849: cum eo de salute suā agit, orat atque obsecrat, treats, speaks, Caes. B. C. 1, 22: causam dixit et ipse pro se oravit, plead his own cause, Liv. 39, 40, 12.
      1. 2. Of oratorical speaking, eloquence (freq. in Quint.): ars orandi, the oratorical art, art of oratory, Quint. prooem. § 4; id. 2, 15, 20; 9, 4, 3: orandi scientia, id. 1, 10, 2: orandi studium, id. 9, 4, 110; 8, 6, 20.
    2. B. To pray, beg, beseech, entreat one (the predom. signif. in all periods and styles; syn.: rogo, obsecro, obtestor, supplico, precor); constr. usually with acc. of the pers. and of the thing, and with ut, ne (the less freq. constructions, v. infra).
          1. (α) With acc. of the pers. and of the thing: illud te ad extremum et oro et hortor, ut, etc., Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16, § 46: multa deos orans, Verg. A. 9, 24: aliquem libertatem, Suet. Vesp. 16.
          2. (β) With acc. of the pers. only: virginem orare, Liv. Andron. ap. Diom. p. 379 P: cum desubito me orat mulier, Enn. ap. Non. 517, 15 (Cax. v. 9 Vahl.); cf.: socer Non orandus erat, sed vi faciendus Erechtheus, not to be entreated, but compelled, Ov. M. 6, 701: Lydia, dic, per omnes Te deos oro, Sy barin cur properes amando perdere, Hor. C. 1, 8, 2.
          3. (γ) With acc. of the thing for which one asks: gnato uxorem, to request a wife for one’s son, Ter. And. 3, 2, 48: legati Romam missi, auxilium ad bellum orantes, to ask assistance, Liv. 21, 6: opem rebus affectis orantes, id. 6, 9: auxilia, Tac. A. 2, 46.
          4. (δ) With ut: rogat oratque te Chrysogone, ut, etc., Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144: te, C. Flave, oro et obtestor, ut, etc., id. Planc. 42, 104: te etiam atque etiam oro, ut, etc., id. Att. 11, 1, 2: hoc me a vobis orare Juppiter jussit, ut, etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 64.
            (ε) With subj.: orant, ignoscamus peccatum suum, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 101: et vocet oro, Verg. A. 11, 442: idque sinas, oro, Ov. P. 4, 1, 19.
            (ζ) With ne: rogat eos atque orat, ne, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 39, § 96: quod te, Aesculapi, et te, Salus, ne quid sit hujus, oro, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 3.
            (η) With the imper.: absiste inceptis, oro, Sil. 11, 336.
            With imper. and acc. of person, Verg. A. 2, 143; 4, 319; 10, 61 and 905.
            (θ) With inf. or an object-clause: jampridem a me illos abducere Thestylis orat, Verg. E. 2, 43; id. A. 6, 313; 9, 231; Tac. A. 6, 2; 12, 9: vel Aegypti praefecturam concedi sibi oraret, Suet. Ner. 47.
            (ι) With ab and abl. of a person, followed by ut or ne: primum hoc abs te oro, ni me inexorabilem faxis, Pac. Tr. 122: oravitque a suis, ut, etc., Gell. 17, 10, 7: oratus ab Artorio, ne in castris remaneret, Vell. 2, 70, 1.
            (κ) With cum aliquo: quod tecum pater orat, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 198 Müll. (Ann. v. 20 Vahl.): si is mecum oraret, Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 15: tecum oro et quaeso, ut, id. Curc. 3, 1, 62: egi, atque oravi tecum, uxorem ut duceres, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 64; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 22; cited above, II. A.
            (λ) With pro and the abl.: nec pro civibus se orare, sed pro, etc., Just. 11, 4, 4: ut Octavius orandus sit pro salute cujusquam civis, Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 16, 2; cf.: ut pro illā ores, ut sit propitius (deus), Plaut. As. 4, 1, 38.
        1. b. Oro te, I pray thee, prithee, parenthetically, a formula of politeness (cf. quaeso): dic. oro te, clarius, Cic. Att. 4, 8, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 7, 1; Liv. 5, 5, 1; cf. Cic. Att. 7, 16, 3.
    3. C. To pray, to supplicate God (eccl. Lat.); act.: oravit Dominum, Vulg. Judic. 13, 8: orationem quam orat, id. 3 Reg. 8, 29; id. 2 Par. 6, 21: filios, id. Job, 19, 17: Deum, id. Ecclus. 50, 24: orationes longas, id. Matt. 23, 14.
      More often neutr.: pro te, Vulg. Gen. 20, 7: ut audias, id. ib. 43, 20: in loco isto, id. 3 Reg. 8, 30: contra viam civitatis, id. ib. 8, 44: ad Dominum, id. 4 Reg. 4, 33: cum lacrimis, id. Tob. 3, 1: unus orans et unus maledicens, id. Ecclus. 34, 29: spiritu et mente, id. 1 Cor. 14, 15: mulierem decalvatam orare non decet, Ambros. in Luc. 6, § 19: orandi gratia, Lact. 4, 15, 20.
      Hence, P. a. as subst.: ōrans, antis, m., an orator: orantes, Tac. Dial. 6, 6.

1. ōs, ōris (no

  1. I. gen. plur.), n. [kindr. with Sanscr. āsya, os, vultus, facies], the mouth (syn. bucca): quam tibi ex ore orationem duriter dictis dedit, Enn. ap. Non. p. 512, 8: ex ore in ejus os inflato aquam dato palumbo, Cato, R. R. 90: ad haec omnia percipienda os est aptissimum, Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 184: oris hiatus, id. ib. 2, 47, 122: os tenerum pueri, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 126: fetidum, Cic. Pis. 7, 13: trilingue, Hor. C. 2, 19, 31: os loquentis Opprimere, Ov. M. 3, 296: in ore omnium esse, to be in everybody’s mouth, to be the common talk: in ore est omni populo, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 13: istius nequitiam in ore vulgi atque in communibus proverbiis esse versatam, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 121: Harmodius in ore est, id. Tusc. 1, 49, 116: in ore omnium, id. Verr. 2, 2, 23, § 56: habere aliquid in ore, to have a thing in one’s mouth, be constantly talking of it, id. Fam. 6, 18, 6; id. ib. 5, 16, 2; id. Fin. 3, 11, 37; id. Att. 14, 22, 2: poscebatur ore vulgi dux Agricola, with one voice, one consent, unanimously, Tac. Agr. 41.
    So, uno ore, unanimously, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 20; id. And. 1, 1, 69; Curt. 10, 2, 18; Cic. Lael. 23, 86; Sen. Ep. 81, 31: uno omnes eadem ore fremebant, Verg. A. 11, 132: volito vivus per ora virūm, soon become famous, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34 (Epigr. v. 4 Vahl.): virūm volitare per ora, Verg. G 3, 9: in ora vulgi, or hominum pervenire, or abire, to get into people’s mouths, become the common talk, Cat. 40, 5; Liv. 2, 36, 3: ire per ora Nomen, Sil. 3, 135: hic Graecā doctrinā ore tenus exercitus animum bonis artibus non induerat, i. e. only as far as his tongue, only so as to talk, Tac. A. 15, 45.
    Hence, os suum aperire (eccl. Lat.), to begin to speak, Vulg. Job, 33, 2; id. Ecclus. 51, 33 et saep.: os alicujus aperire, to cause to speak, id. Ezech. 33, 22; cf. id. ib. 24, 27; 3, 27.
    But: aperuerunt super me os suum, sicut leo, threatened, Vulg. Psa. 21, 13: os sublinere alicui, to cheat, befool, v. sublino.
    1. B. Esp.: pleno ore, i. e. heartily, zealously: ea nescio quomodo quasi pleniore ore laudamus, Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. In gen.: the face, countenance (syn.: vultus, facies), acutis oculis, ore rubicundo, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 118: figura oris, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 26: iratorum, Cic. Off. 1, 29, 102: in ore sunt omhia, in eo autem ipso dominatus est omnis oculorum, i. e. every thing depends on the countenance, id. de Or. 3, 59, 221: in tuo ore vultuque acquiesco, id. Deiot. 2, 5: concedas hinc aliquo ab ore eorum aliquantisper, come out from them, out from their presence, leave them alone, Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 11.
      So of lower animals: insignis et ore Et rutilis clarus squamis, Verg. G. 4, 92: ore rubicundo (gallina), Plin. 10, 56, 77, § 156: ales cristati cantibus oris, Ov. M. 11, 597: coram in os aliquem laudare, to praise one to his face, Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 5: alicui laedere os, to insult one to his face, id. ib. 5, 4, 10: praebere os, to expose one’s self to personal insults, id. ib. 2, 2, 7; so, os praebere ad contumeliam, Liv. 4, 35: in ore parentum liberos jugulat, before their parents’ eyes, Sen. Ben. 7, 19, 8: quae in ore atque in oculis provinciae gesta sunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 33, § 81: in ore omnium cotidie versari, id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16: ut esset posteris ante os documentum Persarum sceleris sempiternum, id. Rep. 3, 9, 15: illos aiunt epulis ante ora positis excruciari fame, Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 10, 13: ante ora conjugum omnia pati, Liv. 28, 19, 12.
      So of the face, front, as indicative of modesty or impudence: os habet, linguam, perfidiam, = Engl. cheek, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 33: os durum! you brazen face! Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 36: os durissimum, very bold, Cic. Quint. 24, 77: impudens, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 49: quo redibo ore ad eam, quam contempserim? with what face? id. Phorm. 5, 7, 24; cf. id. ib. 5, 9, 53; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 22; Liv. 26, 32.
      Hence, transf., boldness, effrontery, impudence: quod tandem os est illius patroni, qui, etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 175: nostis os hominis, nostis audaciam, id. Verr. 2, 2, 20, § 48; id. Rab. Post. 12, 34: non, si Appii os haberem, id. Fam. 5, 10, a, 2; id. ib. 9, 8, 1.
      On the contrary: os molle, modest, bashful: nihil erat mollius ore Pompeii, Sen. Ep. 11, 3.
    2. B. The head: Gorgonis os pulcherrimum, cinctum anguibus, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 56, § 124: truncis arborum antefixa ora, Tac. A. 1, 61.
    3. C. Speech (poet.): ora sono discordia signant, Verg. A. 2, 423.
    4. D. A mouth, opening, entrance, aperture, orifice: os lenonis aedium, Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 41: porta velut in ore urbis, Liv. 25, 11 fin.: ingentem lato dedit ore fenestram, Verg. A. 2, 482: Ponti, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129: os atque aditus portus, id. ib. 2, 5, 12, § 30: specūs, entrance, Tac. A. 4, 59: vascula oris angusti, Quint. 1, 2, 28: ulceris, Verg. G. 3, 454: Tiberis, Liv. 1, 33: venarum, Cels. 2, 7.
      Also of the sources of a stream: fontem superare Timavi, Unde per ora novem, etc., Verg. A. 1, 245.
    5. E. The beak of a ship: ora navium Rostrata, Hor. Epod. 4, 17.
  3. F. Os leonis, lion’s-mouth, a plant, Col. 10, 98.
  4. G. The edge of a sword: interfecit in ore gladii, Vulg. 1 Reg. 15, 8; id. 4 Reg. 10, 25 et saep.