Lewis & Short

Parsing inflected forms may not always work as expected. If the following does not give the correct word, try Latin Words or Perseus.

1. incĭdo, cĭdi, cāsum, 3 (fut. part. act. incasurus, Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97; perf. scanned incĭdĕrunt, Lucr. 6, 1174), v. n. [in-cado], to fall into or upon a thing, to fall, light upon (freq. and class.).

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen., constr. with in and acc.; less freq. with other prepp., with the dat., or absol.
          1. (α) With in and acc.: in foveam, Cic. Phil. 4, 5, 12: ex spelunca saxum in crura ejus incidit, id. Fat. 3, 6: e nubi in nubem vis incidit ardens fulminis, Lucr. 6, 145; cf. id. 296: in segetem flamma, falls, Verg. A. 2, 305: pestilentia in urbem, Liv. 27, 23 fin.: ut incideret luna tum in eam metam, quae esset umbra terrae, etc., entered, Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 22: in oculos, Plin. 20, 17, 73, § 187: incidentibus vobis in vallum portasque, Liv. 27, 13, 2: in laqueos, Juv. 10, 314.
          2. (β) With other prepp.: incidit ictus Ingens ad terram duplicato poplite Turnus, Verg. A. 12, 926: (turris) super agmina late incidit, id. ib. 2, 467.
          3. (γ) With dat.: incidere portis, to rush into, Liv. 5, 11, 14; 5, 26, 8: lymphis putealibus, Lucr. 6, 1174: caput incidit arae, Ov. M. 5, 104: Sagunti ruinae nostris capitibus incident, Liv. 21, 10, 10: ultimis Romanis, id. 28, 13, 9: jacenti, Stat. Th. 5, 233: hi duo amnes confluentes incidunt Oriundi flumini, empty, fall into, Liv. 44, 31, 4: modo serius incidis (sol) undis, sink, Ov. M. 4, 198.
          4. (γ) Absol.: illa (hasta) volans, umeri surgunt qua tegmina summa, incidit, Verg. A. 10, 477: incidit Adriaci spatium admirabile rhombi, i. e. into the fisherman’s net, Juv. 4, 39.
    2. B. In partic., to fall upon, meet, or come upon unexpectedly, fall in with a person or thing.
          1. (α) With in and acc.: in aliquem incurrere atque incidere, Cic. Planc. 7, 17: cum hic in me incidit, id. ib. 41, 99: C. Valerius Procillus, cum in fuga catenis vinctus traheretur, in ipsum Caesarem incidit, Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 5: in insidias, Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 3; cf.: in quos (milites), si qui ex acie fugerint, de improviso incidant, id. Rosc. Am. 52, 151: in manus alicujus, id. Clu. 7, 21: in vituperatores, id. Fam. 7, 3, 6; 6, 1, 25.
          2. (β) With inter: inter catervas armatorum, Liv. 25, 39.
          3. (γ) With dat.: qui (oculi) quocumque inciderunt, Cic. Mil. 1, 1; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 13; Quint. 11, 3, 50: sane homini praeter opinionem improviso incidi, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182: incidit huic Appennicolae bellator filius Anni, Verg. A. 11, 699.
          4. (δ) With acc. alone (late Lat.): bene quod meas potissimum manus incidisti, App. M. 6, p. 176, 24; id. ib. p. 179, 4: fatales laqueos, Vulc. Gall. Avid. Caes. 2, § 2.
    3. C. Transf., to fall upon, attack, assault: triarii consurgentes … in hostem incidebant. Liv. 8, 8, 13: postquam acrius ultimis incidebat Romanus, id. 28, 13, 9.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. In gen., to fall into any condition.
          1. (α) With in and acc.: in morbum, Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 4: in febriculam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21 fin.: in miserias, id. Phil. 2, 10, 24; cf.: qui inciderant (sc. in morbum) haud facile septimum diem superabant, Liv. 41, 21, 5: ut si in hujusmodi amicitias ignari casu aliquo inciderint, Cic. Lael. 12, 42: quodsi quis etiam a culpa vacuus in amicitiam ejus inciderat, Sall. C. 14, 4: in honoris contentionem, Cic. Lael. 10, 34: in imperiorum, honorum, gloriae cupiditatem, id. Off. 1, 8, 26: in furorem et insaniam, Cic. Pis. 20, 46.
          2. (β) With acc. alone: caecitatem, Ambros. de Tobia, 2: iram, Lact. Plac. Narr. Fab. 1, 10: amorem, id. ib. 14, 1.
    2. B. To fall upon, befall: eo anno pestilentia gravis incidit in urbem agrosque, Liv. 27, 23, 6: tantus terror incidit ejus exercitui, fell upon, Caes. B. C. 3, 13, 2; cf.: ut nihil incidisset postea civitati mali, quod, etc., happened, Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 26.
    3. C. In partic.
      1. 1. To fall upon accidentally; to light upon, in thought or conversation: non consulto, sed casu in eorum mentionem incidi, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 50; id. Lael. 1, 3; cf.: fortuito in sermonem alicujus incidere, id. de Or. 1, 24, 111: in eum sermonem incidere, qui, etc., id. Lael. 1, 2: in varios sermones, id. Att. 16, 2, 4: cum in eam memoriam et recordationem nuper ex sermone quodam incidissemus, id. Brut. 2, 9: iterum in mentionem incidimus viri, Tac. H. 4, 5; Plin. Ep. 9, 33, 1.
      2. 2. To come or occur to one’s mind: sapiens appeteret aliquid, quodcumque in mentem incideret et quodcumque tamquam occurreret, come into his mind, Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 5; id. Heaut. 3, 1, 75: redeunti, ex ipsa re mihi incidit suspicio, id. And. 2, 2, 22; 3, 2, 21: tanta nunc suspicio de me incidit, id. Ad. 4, 4, 5: dicam, verum, ut aliud ex alio incidit, id. Heaut. 3, 3, 37: nihil te effugiet atque omne. quod erit in re occurret atque incidet, Cic. de Or. 2, 34, 147: potantibus his apud Sex. Tarquinium incidit de uxoribus mentio, Liv. 1, 57, 6.
      3. 3. To fall upon, happen in a certain time.
          1. (α) With in and acc.: quod in id rei publicae tempus non incideris, sed venerisjudicio enim tuo, non casu in ipsum discrimen rerum contulisti tribunatum tuumprofecto vides, quanta vis, etc., Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2: quorum aetas in eorum tempora, quos nominavi, incidit, Cic. Or. 12, 39; cf. id. Fam. 5, 15, 3: quoniam in eadem rei publicae tempora incidimus, id. ib. 5, 8, 3 fin.: facies me in quem diem Romana incidant mysteria certiorem, id. Att. 6, 1, 26: cum in Kalendas Januarias Compitaliorum dies incidisset, id. Pis. 4, 8: quae (bella) in ejus aetatem gravissima inciderunt, Quint. 12, 11, 16: in eum annum quo erat Hortensius consul futurus, incidere, to fall into, i. e. to extend the case until, etc., id. 6, 5, 4; cf.: quintus annus cum in te praetorem incidisset, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56, § 139.
          2. (β) With acc. alone (late Lat.): ut mensesautumnale tempus inciderent, Sol. 1, § 44.
      4. 4. To fall out, happen, occur: et in nostra civitate et in ceteris, multis fortissimis atque optimis viris injustis judiciis tales casus incidisse, Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3: si quid tibi durius inciderit, Prop. 1, 15, 28; cf.: si casus inciderit, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6: incidunt saepe tempora cum, etc., id. Off. 1, 10, 31: eorum ipsorum, quae honesta sunt, potest incidere saepe contentio et comparatio, id. ib. 1, 43, 152: potest incidere quaestio, Quint. 7, 1, 19: verbum si quod minus usitatum incidat, id. 2, 5, 4: in magnis quoque auctoribus incidunt aliqua vitiosa, id. 10, 2, 15; 11, 1, 70; Cels. 5, 27, 3: ea accidisse non quia haec facta sunt, arbitror; verum haec ideo facta, quia incasura erant illa, Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97: si quando ita incidat, Quint. 2, 5, 5; cf.: forte ita incidit, ut, etc., Liv. 26, 23, 2: forte ita inciderat, ne, etc., id. 1, 46, 5.
      5. 5. To fall in with, coincide, agree with, in opinion, etc.: ne ipse incidat in Diodorum, etc., Cic. Fat. 8, 15.
      6. 6. To stumble upon, undertake at random: sic existumes non me fortuito ad tuam amplitudinem meis officiis amplectendam incidisse, etc., Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3.
        Hence in part. pres.: incĭdentĭa, subst., occurrences, events, Amm. 14, 5, 4; 22, 9, 2 al.

2. incīdo, cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [in-caedo], to cut into, cut through, cut open, cut up (class.).

  1. I. Lit.: teneris arboribus incisis atque inflexis, Caes. B. G. 2, 17, 4: arbores, Plin. 12, 14, 30, § 54; 32, § 58: inciditur vitro, lapide, osseisve cultellis, id. 12, 25, 54, § 115; cf.: palmes inciditur in medullam, id. 14, 9, 11, § 84: venam, to open, id. 29, 6, 58, § 126; Cels. 2, 8; Tac. A. 16, 19; cf.: incisi nervi, Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 218: circa vulnus scalpello, Cels. 5, 27, 3: pinnas, to clip, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5; so, vites falce, Verg. E. 3, 11: pulmo incisus, cut up, divided, Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85; cf.: eupatoria foliis per extremitates incisis, i. e. notched, indented, Plin. 5, 6, 29, § 65: nos linum incidimus, legimus, cut through, cut, Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10: funem, Verg. A. 3, 667: corpora mortuorum, to dissect, Cels. praef.: nocentes homines vivos, id. ib.: quid habet haruspex cur pulmo incisus etiam in bonis extis dirimat tempus? Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85: si rectum limitem rupti torrentibus pontes inciderint, cut through, broken through, Quint. 2, 13, 16: squamisque incisus adaestuat amnis, Stat. Th. 5, 517: non incisa notis marmcra publicis, engraved, Hor. C. 4, 8, 13: tabulahis ferme incisa litteris fuit, Liv. 6, 29 fin.
    1. B. Transf.
      1. 1. To cut in, to carve, engrave, inscribe on any thing; usually constr. with in and abl.; less freq. with in and acc., the dat., or absol.
          1. (α) With in and abl.: id non modo tum scripserunt, verum etiam in aere incisum nobis tradiderunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; cf.: foedus in columna aenea incisum et perscriptum, id. Balb. 23, 53; id. Verr. 2, 2, 63, § 154: in qua basi grandibus litteris P. Africani nomen erat incisum, id. ib. 2, 4, 34, § 74: nomina in tabula incisa, id. Fam. 13, 36, 1: notum est carmen incisum in sepulcro, id. de Sen. 17, 61; id. Pis. 29, 72; id. Font. 14, 31: incidens litteras in fago recenti, Plin. 16, 9, 14, § 35: indicem in aeneis tabulis, Suet. Aug. 101: quae vos incidenda in aere censuistis, Plin. Pan. 75, 1.
          2. (β) With in and acc.: quae (acta) ille in aes incidit, Plin. Pan. 1, 7, 16: leges in aes incisae, Liv. 3, 57 fin.: lege jam in aes incisā, Suet. Aug. 28 fin.: quod ita erit gestum, lex erit, et in aes incidi jubebitis credo illa legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt, etc., Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 26.
          3. (γ) With dat. (poet. and post-Aug.): verba ceris, Ov. M. 9, 529: amores arboribus, Verg. E. 10, 53: fastos marmoreo parieti, Suet. Gramm. 17: nomen non trabibus aut saxis, Plin. Pan. 54, 7; cf.: primum aliquid da, quod possim titulis incidere, i. e. among your titles, Juv. 8, 69.
          4. (δ) Absol.: incidebantur jam domi leges, Cic. Mil. 32, 87; cf.: tabula his litteris incīsa, Liv. 6, 29, 9: sine delectu morum quisquis incisus est, inscribed, registered, Sen. Ben. 4, 28: Victorem litteris incisis appellare, Macr. S. 3, 6, 11.
      2. 2. To make by cutting, to cut (rare): ferroque incidit acuto Perpetuos dentes et serrae repperit usum, Ov. M. 8, 245: novas incide faces, tibi ducitur uxor, Verg. E. 8, 29; Col. 2, 21, 3.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To break off, interrupt, put an end to: poëma ad Caesarem, quod institueram, incidi, have broken off, stopped, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 11: inciditur omnis jam deliberatio, si intellegitur non posse fieri,
      Note:id. de Or. 2, 82, 336; cf. Liv. 32, 37, 5: tandem haec singultu verba incidente profatur, Stat. Th. 9, 884: novas lites, Verg. E. 9, 14: ludum, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 36: vocis genus crebro incidens, broken, interrupted, Cic. de Or. 3, 58, 217.
    2. B. To cut off, cut short, take away, remove: media, to cut short, Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47: qui mihi pinnas inciderant nolunt easdem renasci, id. 4, 2, 5: Tarquinius spe omni reditus incisā exsulatum Tusculum abiit, cut off, Liv. 2, 15, 7: spe incisā, id. 3, 58, 6; 35, 31, 7; cf. id. 44, 6, 13; 44, 13, 3: tantos actus, Sil. 3, 78: ipsam, quam promimus horam casus incidit, Sen. Ep. 101: testamentum, to annul, invalidate, Dig. 28, 4, 3.
    3. C. In rhet., to make by cutting, to cut: aequaliter particulas, Cic. Or. 61, 205.
      Hence,
      1. 1. incī-sum, i, n., rhet. t. t. for the Gr. κόμμα, a section or division of a sentence, a clause: quae nescio cur, cum Graeci κόμματα et κῶλα nominent, nos non recte incisa et membra dicamus, Cic. Or. 62, 211 (for which: incisiones et membra, id. 64, 261): incisum erit sensus non expleto numero conclusus, plerisque pars membri, Quint. 9, 4, 122; cf. id. ib. 22; 32; 44; 67; 123.
      2. 2. incīsē, adv., in short clauses: quo pacto deceat incise membratimve dici, Cic. Or. 63, 212; cf. incisim.