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Graeci, ōrum, m., = Γραικοί,

  1. I. the Grecians, Greeks: contendunt Graecos, Graios memorare solent sos, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 301 Müll. (Ann. v. 358 Vahl.): eos septem, quos Graeci sapientes nominaverunt, Cic. Rep. 1, 7: apud Graecos, id. ib. 1, 3, 5; id. Fl. 27, 64: quia Graecorum sunt antiquissima quaeque Scripta vel optima, etc., Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 28.
    Sing.: Graecus, i, m., a Greek: processit ille, et Graecus apud Graecos non de culpa sua dixit, etc., Cic. Fl. 7, 17: ignobilis, Liv. 39, 8, 3: Graecus Graecaque, Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 12.
  2. II. Derivv.
    1. A. Grae-cus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Greeks, Greek, Grecian: plus te operae Graecis dedisse rebus video … deinde nullam Graecarum rerum significationem daret, Cic. de Or. 2, 36, 152 sq.; cf. litterae, id. Brut. 20, 78.
      In neutr. absol.: Graeca leguntur in omnibus fere gentibus, Cic. Arch. 10, 23: lingua (opp. Latina), id. Fin. 1, 3, 10: ludi, founded on Greek subjects, id. Fam. 7, 1, 3 (opp. Osci); id. Att. 16, 5, 1: homines, Grecian people, Greeks, id. Mil. 29, 80; id. Tusc. 2, 27, 65: testis, id. Fl. 5, 11: more bibere, i. e. to drink healths, id. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66: Graeca fide mercari, i. e. without credit, with ready money, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 47: nux, i. e. an almond, Cloat. ap. Macr. S. 2, 44: pantherae, from Asiatic Greece, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 5: rosa, a kind of rose, Plin. 21, 4, 10, § 18: ovis, perh. Tarentine, Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 27: via, perh. to Magna Graecia, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 3.
      Prov.: ad Calendas Graecas, i. q. our next day after never (since the Greeks had no Calends), August. ap. Suet. Aug. 87.
      Hence, subst.: Graecum, i, n., the Greek language, Greek (rare): Graeco melius usuri, Quint. 5, 10, 1: librum e Graeco in Latinum convertere, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 87.
      Adv. in two forms,
      1. 1. Graece, in the Greek language, in Greek: cum ea, quae legeram Graece, Latine redderem, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 155: Acilius qui Graece scripsit historiam, id. Off. 2, 32, 115: loqui, id. Tusc. 1, 8, 15: optime scire, id. de Or. 2, 66, 265; cf. nescire, id. Fl. 4, 10: licet legatum Graece scriptum non valeat, Ulp. Fragm. 25, 9: omnia Graece, Juv. 6, 188.
      2. 2. Graecātim, in the Greek manner: amiciri, Tert. Pall. 4.
    2. B. Graecĭa, ae, f., the country of the Greeks, Greece: ad Trojam cum misi ob defendendam Graeciam, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 13, 28 (Trag. v. 362 Vahl.): quod de Corintho dixi, id haud scio an liceat de cuncta Graecia verissime dicere, Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 8; id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36: Graecia capta ferum victorem cepit, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 156: magna, Ov. H. 16, 340.
      In apposition: terra, Gell. 1, 1, 2; M. Aur. ap. Fronto Ep. 2, 9 Mai.
      1. 2. Transf.: Magna Graecia, Lower Italy, inhabited by Greeks, Plin. 3, 10, 15, § 95; 3, 5, 6, § 42; Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154; 3, 34, 139; id. Lael. 4, 13; id. Tusc. 1, 16, 38; called also Mājor Graecia, Liv. 31, 7, 11; Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 6 med.; Sil. 11, 21; whereas by a Greek proper it is called Parva Graecia, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 55; and absol.: Graecia, Cic. Arch. 5, 10.
        Poet.: Major Graecia, in gen., for Italy: Itala nam tellus Graecia major erat, Ov. F. 4, 64.
    3. C. Grae-cānĭcus, a, um, adj., of Greek origin, in the Greek manner or fashion, Grecian, Greek (rare; not in Cic.): alia (verba) Graeca, alia Graecanica, i. e. words borrowed from the Greeks, Varr. L. L. 10, § 70 Müll.: torcula, Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317: pavimentum, id. 36, 25, 63, § 188: color, id. 34, 9, 20, § 98: toga, i. e. pallium, Suet. Dom. 4: milites, living in the Greek manner, voluptuously, Vulc. Avid. Cass. 5.
      Hence, adv.: Graē-cānĭce, in Greek: dicere, Varr. L. L. 9, § 89 Müll.
    4. D. Graecŭlus, a, um, adj. dim., Grecian, Greek (mostly in a depreciating, contemptuous sense): ineptum sane negotium et Graeculum, thorough Greek, Cic. Tusc. 1, 35, 86: motus quidam temerarius Graeculae contionis, id. Fl. 10, 23: cautio chirographi, i. e. not to be relied upon, id. Fam. 7, 18, 1: homines, id. de Or. 1, 11, 47: ferrum, Flor. 2, 7, 9: civitas Massilia, id. 4, 2, 24 Duk.
      Subst.:
      1. 1. Graecŭlus, i, m.
          1. (α) A paltry Greek, Cic. de Or. 1, 22, 102; id. Pis. 29, 70.
            Prov.: Graeculus esuriens in caelum, jusseris, ibit, Juv. 3, 78.
            In the form Graecŭlĭo, Petr. 76 fin.
          2. (β) Post-Aug., without any odious accessory notion, for Graecus: vitis, Col. 3, 2, 24: mala, Plin. 15, 14, 15, § 50: rosa, id. 21, 4, 10, § 18.
      2. 2. Graecŭla, ae, f., a Greekling, a weak imitator of Greek women, Juv. 6, 186.
    5. E. Graecĭen-sis, e, adj., Grecian (post-Aug. and very rare): mare, Plin. 4, 21, 18, § 51: scimpodium, Gell. 19, 10, 1.
  3. F. Graecālis, e, adj., Grecian, Greek (late Lat.): lapides, inscribed with Greek letters, Front. de Col. p. 116 Goes.

1. magnus, a, um (archaic gen. magnai for magnae: magnai reipublicai gratia, Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 23), adj.; comp. mājor, us; sup. maxĭmus (maxŭm-), a, um [root magh-; Sanscr. mahat, mabā, great; Gr. μέγας; cf. μείζων for μεγιων; cf. μῆχος, majestas; also cf. root mak-; Gr. μακρός, and perh. μάκαρ], great, large.

  1. I. Lit., of physical size or quantity, great, large; of things, vast, extensive, spacious, etc.: nequam et magnus homo, a great, tall fellow, Lucil. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 32 Müll.; cf. the double meaning: tu, bis denis grandia libris Qui scribis Priami proelia, magnus homo es, a great man, Mart. 9, 51, 4: magna ossa lacertique Apparent homini, Lucil. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1: magna ossa lacertosque Exuit, Verg. A. 5, 422: (scarus) magnusque bonusque, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299 (Heduph. v. 9 Vahl.): indu mari magno, id. ap. Macr. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 425 Vahl.); so, in mari magno, id. ap. Fest. p. 356 Müll.; cf. Lucr. 2, 554: magnus fluens Nilus, Verg. G. 3, 28; Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 2: magna et pulcra domus, spacious, Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 17: montes, Cat. 64. 280; cf. Olympum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 20 Müll. (Ann. v. 1 Vahl.): templa caelitum, vast, id. ib. 7, § 6 (Trag. v. 227 Vahl.): magnae quercus, great oaks, lofty oaks, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 194 Vahl.): aquae, great floods, inundations, Liv. 24, 9: saxa maxima, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37: oppidum maximum, Caes. B. G. 1, 23.
    1. B. Esp.
      1. 1. Of measure, weight, quantity, great, much, abundant, considerable, etc.: maximum pondus auri, magnum numerum frumenti, vim mellis maximam exportasse, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176: magna pecunia mutua, id. Att. 11, 3, 3: copia pabuli, Caes. B. G. 1, 16: multitudo peditatus, id. ib. 4, 34: divitiae, Nep. Dion. 1, 2: populus, Verg. A. 1, 148.
      2. 2. Rarely of time, for longus, multus: interea magnum sol circumvolvitur annum, Verg. A. 3, 284: magnum vocans solis (annum) comparatione lunaris, Macr. S. 2, 11: magno post tempore, Just. 11, 10, 14; 32, 3, 10.
      3. 3. Of the voice, loud, powerful, strong, mighty: magnā voce confiteri, Cic. Caecin. 32, 92: major pars, the majority: tribunorum, Liv. 9, 46, 7.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. In gen., great, grand, mighty, noble, lofty, important, of great weight or importance, momentous: cum magnis dis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 207 Vahl.); cf.: Saturnia magna dearum, id. ap. Prisc. p. 1103 P. (Ann. v. 482 Vahl.): vir magnus in primis, Cic. N. D. 1, 43, 120: nemo igitur vir magnus sine aliquo adflatu divino umquam fuit, id. ib. 2, 66, 167: magnus hoc bello Themistocles fuit, nec minor in pace, Nep. Them. 6, 1: Cato clarus atque magnus habetur, Sall. C. 53, 1: amicus, great, wealthy, Juv. 6, 312: res magnas parvasque Eloqui, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 244 Vahl.): virtus, Caes. B. G. 2, 15: infamia, Cic. Fam. 1, 1: eloquentia, gravitas, studium, contentio, id. ib.: multo major alacritas, studiumque pugnandi majus, Caes. B. G. 1, 46: causa, great, important, weighty, Cic. Dom. 1, 1: opus et arduum, id. Or. 10, 33.
      Absol. in neutr, sing. and plur.: quamquam id magnum, et arduum est, something great, Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 6: magna Di curant (great things, important matters), parva neglegunt, id. N. D. 2, 66, 167: magna loqui, to say great things, speak boastfully, Tib. 2, 6, 11: magnum est efficere, ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud, etc., it is a great, difficult, important thing, Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 7: probitatem vel in eis, quos numquam vidimus, vel, quod majus est, in hoste etiam diligimus, what is far greater, id. Lael. 9, 29: annus magnus, the great year, at the end of which the sun, moon, and planets were supposed to return to the same relative positions, the Piatonic year or cycle, consisting of 15000 years: quarum (stellarum) ex disparibus motionibus, magnum annum mathematici nominaverunt, etc., Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52; id. Fragm. ap. Tac. Or. 16.
      Posit. in comparison: Alexander orbi magnus est, Alex. andro orbis angustus, great in comparison with, i. e. too great for, Sen. Suas. 1, 3.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. 1. Of age, with natu, advanced in years, of great age, aged: jam magno natu, Nep. Paus. 5; Liv. 3, 71, 3: homo magnus natu, id. 10, 38, 6.
        Usually in the comp. and sup., with or without natu or annis, older, the elder, the oldest or eldest: qui (Livius) fuit major natu quam Plautus et Naevius, older than, earlier, Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 3: audivi ex majoribus natu, id. Off. 1, 30, 109: hic una e multis, quae maxima natu, Pyrgo, Verg. A. 5, 644: annos natus major quadraginta, more than, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 39: civis major annis viginti, Suet. Caes. 42: cum liberis, majoribus quam quindecim annos natis, Liv. 45, 32.
        Absol.: senis nostri frater major, the elder of two, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 13: ex duobus filiis major, Caes B. C. 3, 108, 3: Fabii Ambusti filiae duae nuptae, Ser. Sulpicio major minor Licinio Stoloni erat, Liv. 6, 34: Gelo maximus stirpis, id. 23, 30: ut nubere vellet mulier viro, major juniori, App. Mag. 27, p. 291, 28; cf. in gen.: Cyrus major, Lact. 4, 5, 7: quaerere uter major aetate fuerit, Homerus an Hesiodus, cum minor Hecuba fuerit quam Helena, Sen. Ep. 88, 5.
        In legal lang., major (opp. minor), one who has attained his twenty-fifth year, who is of age: si minor negotiis majoris intervenerit, Dig. 4, 4, 24.
        In plur. subst.: mājō-res, um, m., adults (opp. pueri), Varr. L. L. 9, 10, § 16 Müll.
        But usually majores, ancestors, forefathers: Itan tandem hanc majores famam tradiderunt tibi tui, Ut, etc., Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 16: ibi mei sunt majores siti, pater, avos, proavos, abavos, id. Mil. 2, 4, 20: L. Philippus, vir patre, avo, majoribus suis dignissimus, Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25: patres majoresque nostri, id. Div. in Caecil. 21, 69: more majorum, id. Att. 1, 1, 1: spes tamen una est, aliquando populum Romanum majorum similem fore, id. Fam. 12, 22, 2: majores natu, Nep. Iphicr. 1, 1: maxima virgo, the eldest of the Vestal virgins, Ov. F. 4, 639: major erus, the old master, the master of the house, the old man (opp.: minor erus, the young master): Le. Ubinam est erus? Li. Major apud forum’st, minor hic est intus, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 63: majores natu, of the Senate: de istis rebus in patriā majores natu consulemus, Liv. 1, 32, 10.
        In designating relationship, magnus denotes kindred of the fourth, major of the fifth, and maximus of the sixth degree; so, avunculus magnus, a great-uncle; amita magna, a greataunt; avunculus or amita major; avunculus maximus, amita maxima, etc.; v. h. vv., and cf. Dig. 38, 10, 10.
      2. 2. In specifications of value, in the neutr. absol., magni or magno, high, dear, of great value, at a high price, etc.; cf.: pretii majoris or maximi, higher, highest, very high: magni esse, to be highly esteemed, Cic. Fam. 13, 72, 2: magni aestimare, id. Tusc. 5, 7, 20: magni existimans interesse ad decus, to be of great consequence, id. N. D. 1, 4, 7: emere agros poterunt quam volent magno, id. Agr. 2, 13, 34: magno vendere, id. Verr. 2, 3, 30, § 71: conducere aliquid nimium magno, too high, too dear, id. Att. 1, 17, 9: magno illi ea cunctatio stetit, cost him dear, Liv. 2, 36.
        Comp.: ornatus muliebris majoris pretii, Cic. Inv 1, 31, 51, rarely without pretii: multo majoris alapae mecum veneunt, dearer, higher, Phaedr. 2, 5, 25.
        Sup.: te haec solum semper fecit maxumi, most highly prized, Ter And. 1, 5, 58: senatus auctoritatem sibi maximi videri, Cic. Att. 1, 14, 2: in majus, too greatly, too highly, greater than it is: extollere aliquid in majus, more highly than it deserves, Tac. A. 15, 30: celebrare, id. ib. 13, 8: nuntiare, id. H. 3, 38: credere, to believe a thing to be worse than it is, id. ib. 1, 18: accipere, to take a thing to be greater than it is, id. ib. 3, 8 init.: innotescere, in an exaggerated manner, id. ib 4, 50.
        Also with abl., in majus vero ferri, Liv. 21, 32, 7.
      3. 3. Magnum and maximum, adverbially, greatly, loudly (ante- and post-class.): magnum clamat, greatly, with a loud voice, aloud, Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 10: inclamare, Gell. 5, 9 fin.: exclamat derepente maximum, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 57.
        Hence, măgis, adv., only in comp. in this anomalous form (i. e. mag-ius, like pris-cus for prius-cus, and pris-tinus for prius-tinus); and in sup.: maxĭmē (maxŭmē).
    1. A. Comp.: magĭs (apocop. form, măgĕ, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 51; 2, 3, 14; id. Mon. 2, 3, 35; id. Poen. 1, 2, 64; 1, 2, 14; id. Trin. 4, 3, 46; id. Truc. 1, 2, 75; 3, 1, 17; 4, 4, 34; Lucr. 4, 81; 756; 5, 1203; Prop. 1, 11, 9; 3 (4), 14, 2; 4 (5), 8, 16; Verg. A. 10, 481; Sol. 22 fin.; but in Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2, magis or magi’. Acc. to Serv. Verg. A. 10, 481, Cicero in the Frumentaria wrote: mage condemnatum hominum in judicium adducere non posse), in a higher degree, more completely, more (for the difference between magis, plus, potius, and amplius, v. amplius).
    2. B. In gen.
      1. 1. With no qualifying words.
        1. a. With the addition of the second term of the comparison.
          1. (α) With verbs: quae (facinora) istaec aetas fugere magis quam sectari solet, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 28: saliendo sese exercebant magis, quam scorto aut saviis, id. Bacch. 3, 3, 25; id. Pers. 4, 4, 108; 86: magis honorem tribuere quam salutem accipere, Caes. B. G. 7, 20, 7: nisi forte magis erit parricida, si qui consularem patrem, quam si quis humilem necarit, Cic. Mil. 7, 17: magis ut consuetudinem servem, quam quod, etc., id. Clu. 32, 89.
            Repeated: quam magis exhausto spumaverit ubere mulctra, Laeta magis pressis manabunt flumina mammis, i. e. quo magis, … eo magis, Verg. G. 3, 309 sq.; cf.: tam magis illa fremens … quam magis effuso crudescunt sanguine pugnae, id. ib. 7, 787 sq.; v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 566.
            Magis est, quod or ut, there is greater reason, there is more cause that, etc.: quamobrem etsi magis est, quod gratuler tibi, quam quod te rogem: tamen etiam rogo, etc., Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2: magis est, ut ipse moleste ferat, errasse se, quam ut, etc., id. Cael. 6, 14.
          2. (β) With substt., usu. with quam: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratiā, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69: bellipotentes sunt magi’ quam sapientipotentes, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 56, 116 (Ann. v. 188 Vahl.): umbra es amantum magis quam amator, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 31: magis adeo id facilitate quam alia ulla culpa mea contigit, Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15: aditus ad consulatum non magis nobilitati quam virtuti pateret, id. Mur. 8, 17: magis ratione et consilio quam virtute vicisse, Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 8; cf.: ut magis virtute quam dolo contenderent, id. ib. 1, 13, 6: se magis consuetudine suā quam merito eorum civitatem conservaturum, id. ib. 2, 32, 1: timori magis quam religioni consulere, id. B. C. 1, 67, 3: jus bonumque apud eos non legibus magis quam naturā valebat, Sall. C. 9, 1: non duces magis quam milites callent (obsistere, etc.), Curt. 3, 2, 14.
            And after negatives: non magis quam, as little as: in dicendo irasci, dolere … non sunt figurae, non magis quam suadere, Quint. 9, 1, 23: Romanos nec magis jam dolo capi quam armis vinci posse, Liv. 10, 4, 10: pro certo habens non magis Antonio eripi se quam Caesari Brutum posse, Sen. Suas. 6, 17: non magis Alexandri saevitiam quam Bessi parricidium ferre potuisse, Curt. 7, 6, 15; cf.: nec magis post proelium quam in proelio caedibus temperatum est, Liv. 2, 16, 9.
            Followed by atque instead of quam (rare): non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est, Ter. And. 4, 2, 15.
            With the comp. abl. (rare): quid philosophiā magis colendum? Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 76: quanto magis Aliensi die Aliam ipsam reformidaturos? Liv. 6, 28, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.: quam Juno fertur terris magis omnibus unam … coluisse, Verg. A. 1, 15 (cf. B. 3. infra): Albanum sive Falernum Te magis appositis delectat, Hor. S. 2, 8, 17.
          3. (γ) With pronn.: quid habetis, qui mage immortales vos credam esse quam ego siem? Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 64: quis homo sit magis meus quam tu es? id. Mil. 3, 1, 20: quam mage amo quam matrem meam, id. Truc. 3, 1, 17; cf.: quem ego ecastor mage amo quam me, id. ib. 4, 4, 34.
            With utrum, followed by an: jam scibo, utrum haec me mage amet, an marsupium, Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 35.
            With the abl. instead of quam: nec magis hac infra quicquam est in corpore nostro, Lucr. 3, 274; Verg. A. 1, 15.
          4. (δ) With adjj. and advv., and esp. with those which do not admit the comparative termination (most freq. without adding the second term of the comparison; v. under b. δ): numquam potuisti mihi Magis opportunus advenire quam advenis, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 47: neque lac lacti magis est simile, quam ille ego similis est mei, id. Am. 2, 1, 54: ars magis magna atque uber, quam difficilis et obscura, Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 190: corpora magna magis quam firma, Liv. 5, 44, 4: vultu pulchro magis quam venusto, Suet. Ner. 51.
            With the abl., Plaut. As. 3, 3, 114: neque ego hoc homine quemquam vidi magis malum, id. Ps. 4, 1, 27: ab secundis rebus magis etiam solito incauti, Liv. 5, 44, 6.
            With compp. (adding to their force): ita fustibus sum mollior miser magis quam ullus cinaedus, Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 8.
        2. b. Without the addition of the second term.
          1. (α) With verbs: ergo plusque magisque viri nunc gloria claret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 315 Vahl.): sapiunt magis, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 4: magis curae est, magisque afformido, ne, etc., id. ib. 4, 10, 3: magis metuant, id. Mil. 5, 44: tum magis id diceres, Fanni, si, etc., Cic. Lael. 7 fin.; cf. id. Rep. 1, 40, 62: cum Pompeius ita contendisset, ut nihil umquam magis, id. Fam. 1, 9, 20: magis velle, for malle: quod magis vellem evenire, Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 1; Val. Fl. 3, 270.
          2. (β) With substt.: non ex jure manum consertum sed magi’ ferro, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 276 Vahl.): magis aedilis fieri non potuisset, better, finer, Cic. Planc. 24, 60.
          3. (γ) With pronn.: ecastor neminem hodie mage Amat corde atque animo suo, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 75.
          4. (δ) With adjj. and advv. (so most freq.).
            With adjj.: ut quadam magis necessaria ratione recte sit vivendum, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 2: magis anxius, Ov. M. 1, 182: hic magis tranquillu’st, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 55: nihil videtur mundius, nec magis compositum quicquam, nec magis elegans, Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 12: nemo fuit magis severus nec magis continens, id. ib. 2, 1, 21: quod est magis verisimile, Caes. B. G. 3, 13, 6: magis admirabilis oratio, Quint. 8, 3, 24: magis communia verba, id. 8, 2, 24 et saep.; rare: magis quam in aliis = praeter ceteros; nescio quo pacto magis quam in aliis suum cuique pulchrum est, Cic. Tusc. 5, 22, 63.
            With advv.: magis aperte, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 30: magis impense, id. ib. 5, 9, 36.
            With compp. adding to their force: magis est dulcius, Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 22: magis majores nugae, id. Men. prol. 55: magis modum in majorem, id. Am. 1, 1, 145: contentiores mage erunt, id. Poen. 2, 15.
      2. 2. Strengthened.
        1. a. By etiam, multo, tanto, eo, hoc, quo, tam, quam; and negatively, nihilo: qualis in dicendo Hierocles Alabandeus, magis etiam Menecles, frater ejus, fuit, Cic. Brut. 95, 325; id. Off. 1, 21, 72: illud ad me, ac multo etiam magis ad vos, id. de Or. 2, 32, 139: tanto magis Dic, quis est? Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 28: ut quidque magis contemplor, tanto magis placet, id. Most. 3, 2, 146: vicina cacumina caelo, quam sint magis, tanto magis fument, Lucr. 6, 460: quanto ille plura miscebat, tanto hic magis in dies convalescebat, Cic. Mil. 9, 25: sed eo magis cauto est Opus, ne huc exeat, qui, etc., Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 22: atque eo magis, si, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 1: eoque magis quod, etc., id. Lael. 2, 7; Caes. B. G. 1, 23; 1, 47; 3, 14; 5, 1: immo vero etiam hoc magis, quam illi veteres, quod, etc., Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 97: hoc vero magis properare Varro, ut, etc., Caes. B. C. 2, 20: quo magis cogito ego cum meo animo, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 13; Nep. Thras. 2: magis quam id reputo, tam magis uror, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 5: tam magis illa fremens … Quam magis, etc., Verg. A. 7, 787: quanto mage … tam magis, Lucr. 4, 81 sq.: quam magis in pectore meo foveo, quas meus filius turbas turbet … magis curae est magisque afformido, ne, etc., Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 1; 4, 4, 27; id. Men. 1, 1, 19: quam magis te in altum capessis, tam aestus te in portum refert, id. As. 1, 3, 6: densior hinc suboles Quam magis, etc., Verg. G. 3, 309: cum Vercingetorix nihilo magis in aequum locum descenderet, Caes. B. G. 6, 53.
        2. b. By reduplication: magis magisque, magis et magis, magis ac magis; and poet. also, magis magis, more and more: ex desiderio magis magisque maceror, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 182 P.: cum cotidie magis magisque perditi homines tectis ac templis urbis minarentur, Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 5; id. Fam. 2, 18, 2; 16, 21, 2; Sall. C. 5, 7; cf. Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 2: de Graecia cotidie magis et magis cogito, Cic. Att. 14, 18, 4; 16, 3, 1; id. Brut. 90, 308; Liv. 7, 32, 6; Sall. J. 8, 6: magis deinde ac magis, Suet. Vit. 10: post hoc magis ac magis, id. Gram. 3; for which also: magisque ac magis deinceps, id. Tit. 3; Tac. A. 14, 8; Sen. de Ira, 3, 1, 4; id. Ep. 114, 25; id. Ben. 2, 14, 4; Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 10; 7, 3, 4; 10, 28, 3.
          Poet. also: magis atque magis, Verg. A. 12, 239; Cat. 68, 48: post, vento crescente, magis magis increbescunt, id. 64, 275; cf. Verg. G. 4, 311.
      3. 3. Pleon.
        1. a. With potius (anteclass.): magis decorum’st Libertum potius quam patronum onus in via portare, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 99: mihi magis lubet cum probis potius quam cum improbis vivere, id. Trin. 2, 1, 38.
        2. b. With malle: quam cum lego, nihil malo quam has res relinquere; his vero auditis multo magis, Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 76: finge enim malle eum magis suum consequi quam, etc., Dig. 17, 2, 52, § 10.
    3. C. In partic.: non (neque) magis quam.
      1. 1. To signify perfect equality between two enunciations, no more … than; just as much … as; or neg., no more … than; just as little … as: domus erat non domino magis ornamento quam civitati, i. e. just as much to the city as to its owner, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 5; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 2: non Hannibale magis victo a se quam Q. Fabio, Liv. 22, 27, 2: conficior enim maerore, mea Terentia, nec me meae miseriae magis excruciant quam tuae vestraeque, Cic. Fam. 13, 3, 1; Liv. 9, 22.
        Neg.: qui est enim animus in aliquo morbo … non magis est sanus, quam id corpus, quod in morbo est, i. e. is just as far from being sound as a body, etc., Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 10: si aliquā in re Verris similis fuero, non magis mihi deerit inimicus quam Verri defuit, id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 162; id. Fam. 5, 12, 3; id. de Or. 2, 8, 31: non nascitur itaque ex malo bonum, non magis quam ficus ex olea, Sen. Ep. 87, 25; Quint. prooem. § 26: non magis Gaium imperaturum, quam per Baianum sinum equis discursurum, Suet. Calig. 19.
        Ellipt.: nec eo magis lege liberi sunto, just as little from that as from the rest, Cic. Leg. 3, 4, 11.
      2. 2. For restricting the idea expressed in the clause with non magis, so that not more, according to a common figure of speech, = less; in Engl. not so much … as; less … than: deinde credas mihi affirmanti velim, me hoc non pro Lysone magis quam pro omnibus scribere, Cic. Fam. 13, 24; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 17: miserebat non poenae magis homines, quam sceleris, quo poenam meriti essent, Liv. 2, 5; 1, 28.
      3. 3. Magis minusve, magis aut minus, or magis ac minus; post-Aug. for the usual plus minusve, more or less: sed istud magis minusve vitiosum est pro personis dicentium, Quint. 11, 1, 27; Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 220: minora vero plerumque sunt talia, ut pro persona, tempore, loco, causa magis ac minus vel excusata debeant videri vel reprehendenda, Quint. 11, 1, 14; Plin. 37, 5, 18, § 67: quaedam tamen et nationibus puto magis aut minus convenire, Sen. Ep. 40, 11; cf.: quosdam minus aut magis osos veritatem, id. Suas. 1, 5: aut minus, aut magis, id. Ep. 82, 14.
      4. 4. With alius … alio, etc.: ceterae philosophorum disciplinae, omnino alia magis alia, sed tamen omnes, one more than another, i. e. in different degrees, Cic. Fin. 3, 3, 11 Madvig. ad loc. (al.: alia magis, alia minus, v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 560): mihi videntur omnes quidem illi errasse … sed alius alio magis, Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43: sunt omnino omnes fere similes, sed declarant communis notiones, alia magis alia, id. Tusc. 4, 24, 53: alii aliis magis recusare, Liv. 29, 15, 11.
        Sup.: maxĭmē (maxŭmē), in the highest degree, most of all, most particularly, especially, exceedingly, very, etc.
    1. A. Lit.
      1. 1. Alone.
        1. a. With a verb: haec una res in omni libero populo maximeque in pacatis tranquillisque civitatibus praecipue semper floruit, Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 30: quid commemorem primum aut laudem maxime? Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; 3, 1, 79: nos coluit maxime, id. Ad. 3, 2, 54: quem convenire maxime cupiebam, Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 30; id. As. 3, 3, 133: de te audiebamus ea, quae maxime vellemus, Cic. Fam. 12, 25, a, 7; cf. id. Att. 13, 1: extra quos (fines) egredi non possim, si maxime velim, id. Quint. 10, 35: in re publica maxime conservanda sunt jura belli, most especially, id. Off. 1, 11, 33: huic legioni Caesar propter virtutem confidebat maxime, Caes. B. G. 1, 40: quem Homero crederet maxime accedere, came nearest to, Quint. 10, 1, 86; cf. pugnare, most violently, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 271; 1, 1, 44: jubere, most positively, id. Bacch. 4, 9, 80: id enim est profecto, quod constituta religione rem publicam contineat maxime, Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 69; cf. maxime fin.: ab eo exordiri volui maxime, id. Off. 1, 2, 4: cernere naturae vim maxime, id. Tusc. 1, 15, 35.
        2. b. With an adj.: res maxime necessaria, Cic. Lael. 23, 86: loca maxime frumentaria, Caes. B. G. 1, 10: loci ad hoc maxime idonei, Quint. 1, 11, 13: maxime naturali carent amicitiā, Cic. Lael. 21, 80: maxime feri, Caes. B. G. 2, 4: qui eo tempore maxime plebi acceptus erat, id. ib. 1, 3: īdem ad augendam eloquentiam maxime accommodati erunt, Quint. 1, 11, 13: elegans maxime auctor, id. 10, 1, 93: maxime vero commune est quaerere, an sit honesta? etc., id. 2, 4, 37: noto enim maxime utar exemplo, id. 7, 3, 3.
          So with supp.: quae maxime liberalissima, Cic. Att. 12, 38, 3: maxime gravissimam omniumque (rerum), Liv. 41, 23, 4 MS. (dub.: maxumam gravissimamque, Weissenb.).
        3. c. With numerals, at most: puer ad annos maxime natus octo, Gell. 17, 8, 4.
        4. d. With an adv.: ut dicatis quam maxime ad veritatem accommodate, Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 149 (v. infra 2).
      2. 2. Strengthened by unus, unus omnium, omnium, multo, vel, tam, quam, etc. (supply potest): qui proelium unus maxime accenderat, Curt. 5, 2, 5: cum suā modestiā unus omnium maxime floreret, Nep. Milt. 1, 1: quae maxime omnium belli avida, Liv. 23, 49; 4, 59; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 36, 19, 4: atque ea res multo maxime disjunxit illum ab illa, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 85: imperium populi Romani multo maxime miserabile visum est, Sall. C. 36, 4: illud mihi videtur vel maxime confirmare, etc., Cic. N. D. 2, 65, 162: hoc enim uno praestamus vel maxime feris, id. de Or. 1, 8, 32: quae quidem vel maxime suspicionem movent, id. Part. Or. 33, 114: quam potes, tam verba confer maxime ad compendium, as much as possible, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 186: ego jubeo quam maxime unam facere nos hanc familiam, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 2: ut quam maxime permaneant diuturna corpora, Cic. Tusc. 1, 45, 108; id. de Or. 1, 34, 154: quo mihi rectius videtur, memoriam nostri quam maxime longam efficere, Sall. C. 1, 3: ceterum illum juvenem incipere a quam maxime facili ac favorabili causa velim, Quint. 12, 6, 6.
      3. 3. With the relative qui in the phrases, quam qui maxime and ut qui maxime: tam enim sum amicus rei publicae, quam qui maxime, as any one whatever, Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 6: grata ea res, ut quae maxime senatui umquam fuit, Liv. 5, 25; 7, 33.
      4. 4. With ut quisque … ita (maxime, potissimum or minime), the more … the more (or less): hoc maxime officii est, ut quisque maxime opis indigeat, ita ei potissimum opitulari, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 49: ut quisque magnitudine animae maxime excellit, ita maxime, etc., id. ib. 1, 19, 64; cf., in the contrary order: colendum autem esse ita quemque maxime, ut quisque maxime virtutibus his lenioribus erit ornatus, id. ib. 1, 15, 47: ut enim quisque maxime ad suum commodum refert, quaecumque agit, ita minime est vir bonus, id. Leg. 1, 18, 49.
      5. 5. In gradations, to denote the first and most desirable, first of all, in the first place: hujus industriam maxime quidem vellem, ut imitarentur ii, quos oportebat: secundo autem loco, ne alterius labori inviderent, Cic. Phil. 8, 10, 31; cf. id. Caecin. 9, 23: si per eum reductus insidiose redissem, me scilicet maxime sed proxime illum quoque fefellissem, id. Rab. Post. 12, 33: in quo genere sunt maxime oves, deinde caprae, Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 1: maxime … dein, Plin. 9, 16, 23, § 56: sed vitem maxime populus videtur alere, deinde ulmus, post etiam fraxinus, Col. 5, 6, 4: maxime … deinde … postea … minume, Plin. 37, 12, 75, § 196: maxime … postea … ultimae, Col. 6, 3, 6: post Chium maxime laudatur Creticum, mox Aegyptium, Plin. 18, 7, 17, § 77.
    2. B. Transf.
      1. 1. Like potissimum, to give prominence to an idea, especially, particularly, principally: quae ratio poetas, maximeque Homerum impulit, ut, etc., Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 51, 1: scribe aliquid, et maxime, si Pompeius Italiā cedit, Cic. Att. 7, 12, 4: de Cocceio et Libone quae scribis, approbo: maxime quod de judicatu meo, id. ib. 12, 19, 2; id. Fin. 5, 1, 1: cognoscat etiam rerum gestarum et memoriae veteris ordinem, maxime scilicet nostrae civitatis, id. Or. 34, 120; id. Att. 13, 1, 2.
        So in the connection, cum … tum maxime; tum … tum maxime; ut … tum maxime, but more especially: scio et perspexi saepe: cum antehac, tum hodie maxime, Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 56: plena exemplorum est nostra res publica, cum saepe, tum maxime bello Punico secundo, Cic. Off. 3, 11, 47; id. Att. 11, 6, 1; id. Fl. 38, 94: tum exercitationibus crebris atque magnis, tum scribendo maxime persequatur, id. de Or. 2, 23, 96: longius autem procedens, ut in ceteris eloquentiae partibus, tum maxime, etc., id. Brut. 93, 320.
        With nunc, nuper, tum, cum, just, precisely, exactly: Me. Quid? vostrum patri Filii quot eratis? M. Su. Ut nunc maxime memini, duo, just now, Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 58: cum iis, quos nuper maxime liberaverat, Caes. B. C. 3, 9: ipse tum maxime admoto igne refovebat artus, Curt. 8, 4, 25; 6, 6, 10; 5, 7, 2; Liv. 27, 4, 2 Drak.: haec cum maxime loqueretur, sex lictores eum circumsistunt valentissimi, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 76, § 187; 2, 4, 38, § 72: totius autem injustitiae nulla capitalior, quam eorum, qui cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur, id. Off. 1, 13, 41; Liv. 4, 3; 30, 33: tum cum maxime, at that precise time, at that moment, Liv. 40, 13, 4; 40, 32, 1; 33, 9, 3; 43, 7, 8; so, tunc cum maxime, Curt. 3, 2, 17: nunc cum maxime, Cic. Clu. 5, 12; id. Sen. 11, 38; Liv. 29, 17, 7; v. 2. cum.
      2. 2. In colloquial lang., to denote emphatic assent, certainly, by all means, very well, yes; and with immo, to express emphatic dissent, certainly not, by no means: Ar. Jace, pater, talos, ut porro nos jaciamus. De. Maxime, Plaut. As. 5, 2, 54; id. Curc. 2, 3, 36: Th. Nisi quid magis Es occupatus, operam mihi da. Si. Maxime, id. Most. 4, 3, 17; Ter. And. 4, 5, 23: Ca. Numquid peccatum est, Simo? Si. Immo maxime, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 80; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 31: scilicet res ipsa aspera est, sed vos non timetis eam. Immo vero maxime, Sall. C. 52, 28 (v. immo); v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 552-607.

† 1. maia, ae, f., = μαῖα, a large kind of crab, Plin. 9, 31, 51, § 97; al. maea.

2. Māia, Māja (written by Cicero Majja, like ejjus, pejjus, etc.; v. the letter J), ae, f., = Μαῖα.

  1. I. Daughter of Atlas and Pleione, and the mother of Mercury by Jupiter, Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 56: Majā genitum demittit ab alto, i. e. Mercury, Verg. A. 1, 297: Maiā natus, Hor. S. 2, 6, 5; Ov. M. 11, 303; Macr. S. 1, 12, 19; acc. Majam, Ov. F. 4, 174.
    As one of the Pleiades: sanctissima Maja, Cic. Arat. 270: multi ante occasum Majae coepere, Verg. G. 1, 225; Ov. F. 4, 174; 5, 85.
  2. II. A daughter of Faunus, Macr. S. 1, 12.

Māius, i, m. [Maia], usually mensis Maius, the month of May: Cincius mensem (Maium nominatum putat a Maia, quam Vulcani dicit uxorem, Macr. S. 1, 12, 18: (mensis) tertius a majoribus Maius, Varr. L. L. 6, 4, 34; Cic. Phil. 2, 39, 100; Ov. F. 5, 490; also simply Maius, Ov. F. 5, 185.
As adj.: Kalendae Maiae, Cic. Fam. 4, 2, 1; Ov. F. 4, 947: Idus Maiae, Cic. Att. 3, 8, 2; Prop. 4 (5), 5, 36.

mājālis, is, m., a gelded boar, a barrow hog (ante-class.), Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 21; 2, 7, 15.
Transf., an unmanned person: nunc tecum obsecro, ut mihi subvenias, ego ne majalis fuam, Titin. Non. 111, 11 (Com. Rel. v. 33 Rib.).
As a term of reproach: in hoc majali, Cic. Pis. 9, 19 (acc. to Isid. Orig. 2, 39).

Mājesta, ae, f., the wife of Vulcan, Piso ap. Macr. S. 1, 12, 18.

mājestas, ātis, f. [major, magnus, q. v.], greatness, grandeur, dignity, majesty.

  1. I. Lit., of the gods; also the condition of men in high station, as kings, consuls, senators, knights, etc., and, in republican states, esp. freq. of the people (class.).
      1. 1. Of the gods: di non censent esse suae majestatis, praesignificare hominibus, quae sunt futura, Cic. Div. 1, 38, 82 sq.: primus est deorum cultus deos credere, deinde reddere illis majestatem suam, Sen. Ep. 95, 50: divinam majestatem asserere sibi coepit, divine majesty, Suet. Calig. 22.
      2. 2. Of men: consulis, Cic. Pis. 11, 24: judicum, id. Rosc. Am. 19, 54: regia, Caes. B. C. 3, 106: ducis, Phaedr. 2, 5, 23: senatus, Liv. 8, 34: patria, the paternal authority, id. 8, 7, 3: inter nos sanctissima divitiarum majestas, Juv. 1, 113.
        The sovereign power, sovereignty of the Roman people: majestatem populi Romani defendere, Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13: per majestatem populi Romani subvenite misero mihi, Sall. J. 14, 25: ad tantam magnitudinem Romana majestas cunctorum numinum favore pervenit, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 6, 4, 6: majestatem minuere or laedere, to injure or offend against the majesty, sovereignty of the people: majestatem minuere est de dignitate, aut amplitudine, aut potestate populi, aut eorum, quibus populus potestatem dedit, aliquid derogare, Cic. Inv. 2, 17, 53; Tac. A. 1, 72: populi Romani majestatem laedere, Sen. Contr. 4, 25, 13; Amm. 16, 8, 4; 19, 12, 1; 21, 12, 19 al.: crimen majestatis, high-treason; an offence against the majesty, sovereignty of the people: et crimen majestatis, quod imperii nostri gloriae, rerumque gestarum monumenta evertere atque asportare ausus est, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 41, § 88: legionem sollicitare, res est, quae lege majestatis tenetur, against treason, id. Clu. 35, 97: condemnatus majestatis, id. ib.: laesae majestatis accusari, Sen. Contr. 4, 25: majestatis causā damnatus, Dig. 48, 24, 1: majestatis judicium, ib. 2, 20: Lege Julia majestatis tenetur is, cujus ope, consilio adversus imperatorem vel rem publicam arma mota sunt, exercitusve ejus in insidias deductus est, Paul. Sent. 5, 29, 1.
        As a title of honor of the Roman emperors, majesty, Phaedr. 2, 5, 23; Symm. Ep. 19, 16 et saep.
  2. II. Transf., in gen., honor, dignity, excellence, splendor: majestas et pudor matronarum, Liv. 34, 2: rex apum nullum habeat aculeum, majestate solā armatus, Plin. 11, 17, 17, § 52: boum, i. e. fine condition, appearance, Varr R. R. 2, 5: ipsa dierum Festorum herboso colitur si quando theatro, Juv. 3, 173: templorum, id. 11, 111: Tyria majestas, the splendor of Tyrian purple, Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 79: quanta illi fuit gravitas! quanta in oratione majestas! Cic. Lael. 25, 96: loci, i. e. Jovis templi, Liv. 1, 53.

mājor, mājōres, v. magnus.

‡ mājōrĭārĭus, ii, m. [major], a great farmer of the revenue (opp. minuscularius, a petty farmer of the revenue), Inscr. Orell. 1532.

mājōrīnus, a, um, adj. [major], of the larger sort, of a larger form (post-Aug.): olivae, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 15: pecunia, Cod. Th. 9, 23, 2.

Mājŭgĕna, ae, m. [Maia-gigno], the Maia-born, i. e. Mercury, Mart. Cap. 1, § 92.

mājūma, ae, f. [Maius], a great popular festival on the Tiber in the month of May, a kind of mock sea-fight, Cod. Th. 5, 6, 1; 5, 6, 2.

mājus, a, um, adj. [root mag, whence magis, magnus], an old word for magnus, great, e. g. Majus Deus, i. e. Jupiter: Dea Maia, Macr. S. 1, 12, 17.

mājuscŭlus, a, um, adj. dim. [major], somewhat greater or larger; somewhat great (rare but class.): folia sunt majuscula, quam hederae, Plin. 26, 6, 16, § 30: cura, Cic. Fam. 9, 10, 3.
Of age, somewhat older: hanc vicinam dico lenonis hujus meretricem majusculam, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 27: Thaïs, quam ego sum, majuscula est, Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 20.