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verso (vorso), āvi, ātum, 1 (inf. vorsarier, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 53), v. freq. a. [verto], to turn, wind, twist, or whirl about often or violently (freq. and class.; syn.: verto, contorqueo).

  1. I. Lit.: qui caelum versat stellis fulgentibus aptum, Enn. ap. Macr. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 30 Vahl.): Sisyphus versat Saxum, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10: turbinem puer, Tib. 1, 5, 4: turdos in igni, Hor. S. 1, 5, 72: ova non acri favillā, Ov. M. 8, 667: cum versati appositi essent pisces, Quint. 6, 3, 90: vinclorum inmensa volumina, Verg. A. 5, 408: manum, Ov. M. 12, 493: lumina, id. ib. 5, 134; 6, 247; 7, 579: cardinem, id. ib. 4, 93: fusum, id. ib. 4, 221; 6, 22: corpus, id. Am. 1, 2, 4: sortem urnā, to shake, Hor. C. 2, 3, 26: ligonibus glaebas, to turn up, hoe, id. ib. 3, 6, 39; so, rura (juvenci), Prop. 4 (5), 1, 129: terram, Ov. R. Am. 173: desectum gramen, hay, id. M. 14, 646: currum in gramine, i. e. to wheel about, Verg. A. 12, 664: oves, to drive about, pasture, id. E. 10, 68: pulsat versatque Dareta, id. A. 5, 460: me versant in litore venti, id. ib. 6, 362: vos exemplaria Graeca Nocturnā versate manu, versate diurnā, turn them over, i. e. read, study them, Hor. A. P. 269: et nummulario non ex fide versanti pecunias manus amputavit, handling, accounting for, Suet. Galb. 9.
    With se, or mid., to turn one’s self often, to turn, revolve, etc.: versabat se in utramque partem, non solum mente, verum etiam corpore, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30, § 74.
    Prov.: satis diu jam hoc saxum vorso, I have wasted time enough with this man, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 55.
    Mid.: mundum versari circum axem caeli, Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 52: qui (orbes) versantur retro, id. Rep. 6, 17, 17: pars superior mundi non versatur in turbinem, Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 1: suāpte naturā et cylindrum volvi et versari turbinem putat, Cic. Fat. 18, 42: ne versari aves possent, Col. 8, 7, 1.
    1. B. Trop.
      1. 1. In gen., to turn, twist, bend: versare suam naturam et regere ad tempus atque huc et illuc torquere et flectere, Cic. Cael. 6, 13: ad omnem malitiam et fraudem versare mentem suam coepit, id. Clu. 26, 70: eadem multis modis, id. Or. 40, 137: causas, i. e. to treat, manage, id. ib. 9, 31; Quint. 10, 5, 9; cf. absol.: non mille figuris variet ac verset (orator)? id. 5, 14, 32: verba, to pervert, alter, Cic. Fin. 4, 20, 56: fors omnia versat, turns, changes, Verg. E. 9, 5; so mid.: versatur celeri Fors levis orbe rotae, Tib. 1, 5, 70: huc et illuc, Torquate, vos versetis licet, etc., Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 99: in quo, utrum respondebo, verses te huc atque illuc necesse est, id. ib. 5, 28, 86: versabat se ad omnis cogitationes, Curt. 6, 6, 27.
      2. 2. In partic. (rare in Cic.).
        1. a. Qs. to turn upside down, i. e. to discompose, disturb, vex, agitate: versabo ego illum hodie, si vivo, probe, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 5, 6; id. Pers. 5, 2, 17: haerere homo, versari, rubere, to be disturbed, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187: si quid te adjuero curamve levasso Quae nunc te coquit et versat in pectore fixa, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 340 Vahl.): miserum toto cubili, Prop. 1, 14, 21: illum toto versant suspiria lecto, id. 2, 22, 47 (3, 16, 5): odiis domos, to overthrow, ruin, subvert, Verg. A. 7, 336: ille placet, versatque domum, neque verbera sentit, i. e. disturbs without being punished, Ov. Am. 2, 2, 29: sic fortuna in contentione et certamine utrumque versavit, ut alter alteri inimicus auxilio salutique esset, alternated with, treated each in turn, Caes. B. G. 5, 44 fin.: pectora, id. ib. 2, 45: muliebrem animum in omnes partes, Liv. 1, 58, 3: patrum animos, id. 1, 17, 1: pectora (nunc indignatio nunc pudor), id. 2, 45, 5; cf.: spesque timorque animum versat utroque modo, Prop. 3, 17 (4, 16), 12.
        2. b. To turn over a thing in the mind, to think over, meditate, or reflect upon, revolve, consider; to transact, carry on (cf.: volvo, agito): multas res simitu in meo corde vorso, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 1: versarent in animis secum unamquamque rem, Liv. 3, 34, 4: illa dolos dirumque nefas in pectere versat, Certa mori, Verg. A. 4, 563; so, dolos, id. ib. 2, 62: versate diu, quid ferre recusent, Quid valeant umeri, Hor. A. P. 39: ubi maxima rerum momenta versantur, Quint. 8, 3, 13: versenturque omni modo numeri, examined, considered, id. 10, 3, 5; 10, 5, 9: somnia decies, to interpret, Prop. 2, 4, 16: multum igitur domi ante versandi sunt (testes), variis percontationibus, etc., examined, practised, Quint. 5, 7, 11.
  2. II. Transf., in the mid. form, versor (vor-sor), ātus, 1, prop. to move about in a place, i. e. to dwell, live, remain, stay, abide, be in a place or among certain persons; constr. most freq. with in aliquā re; also with inter, intra, apud, and cum.
    1. A. Lit.: vorsari crebro hic cum viderent me domi, Plaut. Am. prol. 128: in medio pariete, id. Cas. 1, 52: non ad solarium, non in campo, non in conviviis versatus est, Cic. Quint. 18, 59: in fundo, id. Mil. 20, 53: in castris, Caes. B. G. 2, 24: inter aciem, id. ib. 1, 52; cf.: nec versari inter eos sine dedecore potero, Cic. Att. 10, 8, 3: intra vallum, Caes. B. C. 3, 96: alicui inter femina, Suet. Tib. 44: nobiscum versari jam diutius non potes, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 10; apud praefectos regis, Nep. Con. 2, 4.
    2. B. Trop.
      1. 1. In gen., to be; to be circumstanced or situated: nescis, quantis in malis vorser miser, Ter. And. 4, 1, 25: certe ego te in medio versantem turbine leti Eripui, Cat. 64, 149: ergo illi nunc in pace versantur, Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 6: in clarissimā luce, id. Off. 2, 13, 44: Minturnenses aeternā in laude versantur, id. Planc. 10, 26: in simili culpā, Caes. B. C. 3, 110: mihi ante oculos dies noctesque versaris, Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 3: nec versantur omnino scripta eorum inter manus hominum, i. e. are read, Dig. 1, 2, 2.
        Of abstract subjects: numquam tibi populi Romani dignitas, numquam species ipsa hujusmodi multitudinis in oculis animoque versata est? Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 144: mors, exsilium mihi ob oculos versabantur, id. Sest. 21, 47: haec omnia in eodem errore versantur, id. N. D. 3, 10, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 44, 107: aliquid in dubitatione versatur, id. Rep. 2, 15, 29: Mithridaticum bellum, in multā varietate versatum, waged with many vicissitudes, id. Arch. 9, 21.
      2. 2. In partic., to occupy or busy one’s self with any action, to be engaged in any thing.
        1. a. Of persons.
          1. (α) With in and abl. (class.): opifices omnes in sordidā arte versantur, Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150: in omnibus ingenuis artibus, id. Fam. 4, 3, 4: versabor in re difficili, id. Leg. 3, 15, 33: in re publicā atque in his vitae periculis laboribusque, id. Arch. 12, 30; ullā in cogitatione acrius ac diligentius versari, id. Rep. 1, 22, 35: si diutius in hoc genere verser, id. ib. 1, 46, 70: multum in imperiis, Nep. Milt. 8, 2.
          2. (β) With circa and acc. (post-Aug.): circa mensuras ac numeros non versabitur (orator)? Quint. 2, 21, 19.
          3. (γ) With inter: inter arma ac studia versatus, Vell. 1, 13, 3.
        2. b. Of abstract subjects.
          1. (α) With in and abl. (class.): haec omnia in eodem quo illa Zenonis errore versantur, depend on, Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 25: dicendi omnis ratio in hominum more et sermone versatur, is occupied with, concerns, Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 12: ejus omnis oratio versata est in eo, ut, etc., id. ib. 1, 57, 244; cf.: imitatio est posita fere in eludendo, sed versatur etiam in factis, Quint. 9, 2, 58: ipsae res in perfacili cognitione versantur Cic. Or. 35, 122; quae omnes artes in veri investigatione versantur, id. Off. 1, 6, 19: omnia quae in causā versarentur, Quint. 7, 1, 4: epilogi omnes in eādem fere materiā versari solent, id. 7, 4, 19; 2, 4, 1: praejudiciorum vis omnis tribus in generibus versatur, id. 5, 2, 1.
          2. (β) With circa and acc. (post-Aug.): haec pars (tragoedia) circa iram, odium, metum, miserationem fere tota versatur, Quint. 6, 2, 20: circa quae versari videatur omnis quaestio, id. 3, 6, 23: quidam circa res omnes, quidam circa civiles modo versari rhetoricen putaverunt, id. 2, 15, 15.
          3. (γ) With abl.: itaque (finitio) pluribus legibus isdem quibus conjectura versatur, Quint. 7, 3, 1 (dub.; Halm, ex conj. in isdem).
        3. c. Part. perf.: homo in aliis causis exercitatus et in hac multum et saepe versatus, Cic. Quint. 1, 3: viri in rerum publicarum varietate versati, id. Rep. 3, 3, 4: semper inter arma ac studia versatus, Vell. 1, 13, 3.
          Absol.: is missum ad dilectus agendos Agricolam integreque ac strenue versatum praeposuit, etc., Tac. Agr. 7.

verto (vorto), ti, sum, 3 (inf. vortier, Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 48; Lucr. 1, 710; 2, 927; 5, 1199 al.), v. a. and n. [Sanscr. root vart-, to apply one’s self, turn; cf. vart-ukas, round].

  1. I. Act., to turn, to turn round or about (syn.: verso, contorqueo).
    1. A. Lit.: (luna) eam partem, quaecumque est ignibus aucta, Ad speciem vertit nobis, Lucr. 5, 724: speciem quo, id. 4, 242: ora huc et huc, Hor. Epod. 4, 9: terga, Ov. Tr. 3, 5, 6: gradu discedere verso, id. M. 4, 338: verso pede, id. ib. 8, 869: pennas, i. e. to fly away, Prop. 2, 24, 22 (3, 19, 6): cardinem, Ov. M. 14, 782: fores tacito cardine, Tib. 1, 6, 12: cadum, to turn or tip up, Hor. C. 3, 29, 2: versā pulvis inscribitur hastā, inverted, Verg. A. 1, 478: verte hac te, puere, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 29; cf.: verti me a Minturnis Arpinum versus, Cic. Att. 16, 10, 1: cum haesisset descendenti (virgini) stola, vertit se et recollegit, Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 9: ante tuos quotiens verti me, perfida, postes, Prop. 1, 16, 43: Pompeiani se verterunt et loco cesserunt, turned about, wheeled about, fled, Caes. B. C. 3, 51; cf.: vertere terga, to turn one’s back, run away, betake one’s self to flight, id. B. G. 1, 53; 3, 21; id. B. C. 1, 47; 3, 63 fin.; Liv. 1, 14, 9; cf. also: hostem in fugam, to put to flight, rout, id. 30, 33, 16; Auct. B. Afr. 17: iter retro, Liv. 28, 3, 1: hiems (piscis) ad hoc mare, Hor. Epod. 2, 52: fenestrae in viam versae, turned or directed towards, looking towards, Liv. 1, 41, 4; cf.: mare ad occidentem versum, id. 36, 15, 9: Scytharum gens ab oriente ad septentrionem se vertit, Curt. 7, 7, 3: (Maeander) nunc ad fontes, nunc in mare versus, Ov. M. 8, 165: terram aratro, to turn up or over, to plough, etc., Hor. S. 1, 1, 28: ferro terram, Verg. G. 1, 147: glaebas (aratra), Ov. M. 1, 425; 5, 477: solum bidentibus, Col. 4, 5: agros bove, Prop. 3, 7, 43 (4, 6, 43): collem, Col. 3, 13, 8: freta lacertis (in rowing), Verg. A. 5, 141: ex illā pecuniā magnam partem ad se vortit, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57.
      Mid.: vertier ad lapidem, to turn or incline one’s self towards, Lucr. 5, 1199: congressi … ad caedem vertuntur, Liv. 1, 7, 2; so, versi in fugam hostes, Tac. H. 2, 26; cf.: Philippis versa acies retro, Hor. C. 3, 4, 26: sinit hic violentis omnia verti Turbinibus, to whirl themselves about, Lucr. 5, 503: magnus caeli si vortitur orbis, id. 5, 510: vertitur interea caelum, revolves, Verg. A. 2, 250: squamarum serie a caudā ad caput versā, reaching, Plin. 28, 8, 30, § 119.
    2. B. Trop.
      1. 1. In gen., to turn: ne ea, quae reipublicae causa egerit, in suam contumeliam vertat, Caes. B. C. 1, 8: in suam rem litem vertendo, Liv. 3, 72, 2: usum ejus (olei) ad luxuriam vertere Graeci, Plin. 15, 4, 5, § 19; cf.: aliquid in rem vertere, turn to account, make profitable, Dig. 15, 3, 1 sqq.: edocere, quo sese vertant sortes, Enn. Trag. v. 64 Vahl.; Verg. A. 1, 671: ne sibi vitio verterent, quod abesset a patriā, Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1: idque omen in Macedonum metum verterunt Tyrii, Curt. 4, 2, 13: in religionem vertentes comitia biennic habita, making a matter of religious scruple, Liv. 5, 14, 2: aquarum insolita magnitudo in religionem versa, id. 30, 38, 10; cf. id. 26, 11, 3: id ipsum quod iter belli esset obstructum, in prodigium et omen imminentium cladium vertebatur, Tac. H. 1, 86 fin.: vertere in se Cotyi data, to appropriate, id. A. 2, 64: perii! quid agam? quo me vertam? Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 1: quo se verteret, non habebat, Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 74; id. Div. 2, 72, 149: Philippus totus in Persea versus, inclined towards him, Liv. 40, 5, 9: toti in impetum atque iram versi, id. 25, 16, 19: si bellum omne eo vertat, id. 26, 12, 13: di vortant bene, Quod agas, cause to turn out well, prosper, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 121; cf. infra, II. B.; so, in melius somnia, Tib. 3, 4, 95.
      2. 2. In partic.
        1. a. To turn, i. e. to change, alter, transform (syn. muto): Juppiter In Amphitruonis vortit sese imaginem, Plaut. Am. prol. 121: in anginam ego nunc me velim vorti, id. Most. 1. 3, 61: omnes natura cibos in corpora viva Vertit, Lucr. 2, 880: vertunt se fluvii frondes et pabula laeta In pecudes; vertunt pecudes in corpora nostra Naturam, id. 2, 875 sq.; cf.: cum terra in aquam se vertit, Cic. N. D. 3, 12, 31: verte omnis tete in facies, Verg. A. 12, 891: ego, quae memet in omnia verti, id. ib. 7, 309: tot sese vertit in ora, id. ib. 7, 328: inque deum de bove versus erat, Ov. F. 5, 616: Auster in Africum se vertit, Caes. B. C. 3, 26 fin.; cf. Liv. 30, 24, 7: semina malorum in contrarias partes se vertere, Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33: omnia versa et mutata in pejorem partem, id. Rosc. Am. 36, 103: cur nunc tua quisquam Vertere jussa potest, Verg. A. 10, 35: hic continentiam et moderationem in superbiam ac lasciviam vertit, Curt. 6, 6, 1; cf.: fortuna hoc militiae probrum vertit in gloriam, id. 9, 10, 28: versus civitatis status, Tac. A. 1, 4: versis ad prospera fatis, Ov. H. 16, 89: solum, to change one’s country, i. e. to emigrate or go into exile, Cic. Balb. 11, 28; Amm. 15, 3, 11 et saep.; v. solum.
          With abl. (rare and poet.): nullā tamen alite verti Dignatur, Ov. M. 10, 157; cf. muto.
          Prov.: in fumum et cinerem vertere, to turn into smoke, dissipate, Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 39.
          Mid.: omnia vertuntur: certe vertuntur amores, Prop. 2, 8, 7 (9): saevus apertam In rabiem coepit verti jocus, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 149.
        2. b. To exchange, interchange: nos divitem istum meminimus adque iste pauperes nos; vorterunt sese memoriae, Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 11; cf.: vorsis gladiis depugnarier, id. Cas. 2, 5, 36.
        3. c. Of literary productions, to turn into another language, to translate (syn.: transfero, interpretor, reddo): Philemo scripsit, Plautus vortit barbare, Plaut. Trin. prol. 19: si sic verterem Platonem, ut verteruntnostri poëtae fabulas, Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 7: verti etiam multa de Graecis, id. Tusc. 2, 11, 26: annales Acilianos ex Graeco in Latinum sermonem vertit, Liv. 25, 39, 12.
        4. d. To ply: stimulos sub pectore vertit Apollo, i. e. stimulates the fury, Verg. A. 6, 101.
        5. e. In partic., like our to turn upside down, i. e. to overturn, overthrow, subvert, destroy (= everto): Callicratidas cum multa fecisset egregie, vertit ad extremum omnia, Cic. Off. 1, 24, 84: agerent, verterent cuncta, Tac. H. 1, 2; id. A. 2, 42; 3, 36: Cycnum Vi multā, Ov. M. 12, 139: fluxas Phrygiae res fundo, Verg. A. 10, 88; 1, 20; 2, 652: vertere ab imo moenia Trojae, id. ib. 5, 810: Ilion fatalis incestusque judex … vertit in pulverem, Hor. C. 3, 3, 20: proceras fraxinos, id. ib. 3, 25, 16: ab imo regna, Sen. Hippol. 562: Penates, id. Troad. 91: puppem, Luc. 3, 650: fortunas, Amm. 28, 3, 1.
        6. f. Mid., from the idea of turning round in a place, to be engaged in, to be in a place or condition; also to turn, rest, or depend upon a thing: jam homo in mercaturā vortitur, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 109: res in periculo vortitur, id. Merc. 1, 2, 12; Phaedr. 2, 8, 19; so, res vertitur in majore discrimine, Liv. 6, 36, 7: ipse catervis Vertitur in mediis, Verg. A. 11, 683: omnia in unius potestate ac moderatione vertentur, Cic. Verr. 1, 7, 20; so, spes civitatis in dictatore, Liv. 4, 31, 4: totum id in voluntate Philippi, id. 37, 7, 8: causa in jure, Cic. Brut. 39, 145: hic victoria, Verg. A. 10, 529: cum circa hanc consultationem disceptatio omnis verteretur, Liv. 36, 7, 1: puncto saepe temporis maximarum rerum momenta verti, id. 3, 27, 7.
          Impers.: vertebatur, utrum manerent in Achaico concilio Lacedaemonii, an, etc., Liv. 39, 48, 3.
        7. g. To ascribe, refer: quae fuerunt populis magis exitio quam fames morbique, quaeque alia in deum iras velut ultima malorum vertunt, Liv. 4, 9, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.: cum omnium secundorum adversorumque in deos verterent, id. 28, 11, 1.
        8. h. = considero; exercitum majorum more vortere, Sall. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 5, 408 dub. (Sall. H. inc. 51 Dietsch ad loc.).
  2. II. Neutr., to turn one’s self, direct one’s way, to turn about, to turn.
    1. A. Lit.: depulsi aemulatione alio vertunt, Tac. A. 1, 18: eoque audaciae provectum ut verteret, etc., id. ib. 4, 10: utinam mea vocula dominae vertat in auriculas! Prop. 1, 16, 28: versuros extemplo in fugam omnes ratus, Liv. 38, 26, 8 (but in Lucr. 5, 617 the correct read. is cancri se ut vortat).
    2. B. Trop., to turn, change, etc.: jam verterat fortuna, Liv. 5, 49, 5: libertatem aliorum in suam vertisse servitutem conquerebantur, id. 2, 3, 3: totae solidam in glaciem vertere lacunae, Verg. G. 3, 365: verterat pernicies in accusatorem, Tac. A. 11, 37: quod si esset factum, detrimentum in bonum verteret, Caes. B. C. 3, 73 fin.: ea ludificatio veri in verum vertit, Liv. 26, 6, 16: talia incepta, ni in consultorem vertissent, reipublicae pestem factura, against, Sall. H. inc. 89 Dietsch: neque inmerito suum ipsorum exemplum in eos versurum, Liv. 7, 38, 6: si malus est, male res vortunt, quas agit, turn out badly, Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 5; so, quae res tibi vertat male, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 37: quod bene vertat, castra Albanos Romanis castris jungere jubet (= cum bonis omnibus), Liv. 1, 28, 1; 3, 62, 5; 3, 35, 8: quod bene verteret, Curt. 5, 4, 12; 7, 11, 14: hos illi (quod nec vertat bene), mittimus haedos, Verg. E. 9, 6.
        1. b. Annus, mensis vertens, the course or space of a year, of a month: anno vertente sine controversiā (petisses), Cic. Quint. 12, 40; so, anno vertente, id. N. D. 2, 20, 53; Nep. Ages. 4, 4; cf.: apparuisse numen deorum intra finem anni vertentis, Cic. Phil. 13, 10, 22: tu si hanc emeris, Numquam hercle hunc mensem vortentem, credo, servibit tibi, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 76; Macr. S. 1, 14.
          1. (β) Pregn.: annus vertens, the great year or cycle of the celestial bodies (a space of 15,000 solar years), Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24.
            Hence, ver-sus (vors-), or (much less freq.) ver-sum (vors-), adv., turned in the direction of, towards a thing; usu. after the name of a place to which motion is directed (orig. a part., turned towards, facing, etc., and so always in Livy; cf. Liv. 1, 18, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.; 1, 41, 4; 9, 2, 15).
    1. A. Form versus (vors-).
      1. 1. After ad and acc.: T. Labienum ad Oceanum versus … proficisci jubet, Caes. B. G. 6, 33: ad Alpes versus, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15, 2: ad Cercinam insulam versus, Auct. B. Afr. 8, 3: ad Cordubam versus, Auct. B. Hisp. 11: modo ad Urbem, modo in Galliam versus, Sall. C. 56, 4.
      2. 2. After in and acc.: in agrum versus, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 10: in forum versus, Cic. Lael. 25, 96: in Arvernos versus, Caes. B. G. 7, 8: si in urbem versus venturi erunt, Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 78 (82), 3.
      3. 3. After acc. alone (class. only with names of towns and small islands): verti me a Minturnis Arpinum versus, Cic. Att. 16, 10, 1: Brundisium versus, id. Fam. 11, 27, 3: Ambraciam versus, Caes. B. C. 3, 36: Massiliam versus, id. ib. 2, 3: Narbonem versus, id. B. G. 7, 7.
      4. 4. After other advv.: deorsum versus, Cato, R. R. 156, 4: sursum versus, Cic. Or. 39, 135: dimittit quoquo versus legationes, Caes. B. G. 7, 4: ut quaedam vocabula utroque versus dicantur, Gell. 5, 12, 10; cf. the adverbs deorsum, sursum, etc.
    2. B. Form versum (vors-).
      1. 1. After ad and acc.: animadvertit fugam ad se versum fieri, Sall. J. 58, 4.
      2. 2. After other advv.: cunas rursum vorsum trahere, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 60 (63): lumbis deorsum versum pressis, Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 5: vineam sursum vorsum semper ducito, Cato, R. R. 33, 1: cum undique versum circumfluat, Gell. 12, 13, 20: utroque vorsum rectum est ingenium meum, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 8.
        Note: Versus is said by many lexicons to be also a prep., but no ancient authority can be safely cited for this use. The true readings are: in Italiam versus, Cic. Fam. 4, 12, 1: adversus aedem, Liv. 8, 20, 8: in forum versus, Plin. 10, 43, 60, § 121; and perh. in oppidum, Auct. B. Hisp. 21.