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respectĭo, ōnis, f. [respicio], a review, survey, inspection: animarum sanctarum, i. e. the judgment, Vulg. Sap. 3, 13.
respecto, āre, v. freq. n. and a. [id.], to look back, look round or behind repeatedly or intently, to look or gaze about; to look at any thing (class.).
- I. Lit.
- (α) Neutr. absol.: quid respectas? nihil pericli est, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 3: ubi respectantes hostium antesignanos vidit, Liv. 8, 39; Quint. 12, 3, 2; Verg. A. 11, 630: respectans abit, Sil. 12, 729; Stat. Th. 3, 377: ad tribunal, Liv. 3, 48: respecto identidem, ne senex, etc., Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 13; so, identidem, ne, id. Men. 1, 2, 51.
Poet.: leti janua patet immani et vasto respectat hiatu, Lucr. 5, 375.
- (β) Act.: dictatore arcem Romanam respectante, Liv. 4, 18, 6: funera respectans, Lucr. 6, 1234: sine fine Caesarem, Vell. 2, 107, 2: alium (alius), Tac. Agr. 37 fin.: suos, Sil. 11, 594.
- II. Trop., to cast a look behind, to wait; to wait for, look for, expect; to care for, regard, respect.
- (α) Neutr.: verum haec ita praetereamus, ut tamen intuentes et respectantes relinquamus, Cic. Sest. 5, 13: animus non me deserens, sed respectans in ea loca discessit, id. Sen. 23, 84: taciti respectabant somnoque sepulti, Dum, etc., i. e. waited, Lucr. 5, 974.
- (β) Act.: si qua pios respectant numina, regard, Verg. A. 1, 603: neque hoc liberis nostris interdicendum est, ne observent tribules suos … ne par ab iis munus in suā petitione respectent, look for, expect, Cic. Planc. 18, 45: meum amorem, Cat. 11, 21.
1. respectus, a, um, Part. of respicio.
2. respectus, ūs, m. [respicio], a looking back or about (class.).
- I. Lit.: fugientibus miserabilem respectum incendiorum fore, Cic. Div. 1, 32, 68: sine respiratione ac respectu pugnabant, Liv. 8, 38: effuse ac sine respectu fugit, id. 32, 12: sine respectu mea fata relinquens, Verg. Cul. 226.
- B. Meton., a refuge, retreat, asylum: ad Romanos, Liv. 42, 46: respectum pulcherrimum et praesidium firmissimum adimit rei publicae, Cic. Phil. 10, 4, 9; 11, 11, 26; Liv. 21, 44; cf.: omnium rerum respectum praeterquam victoriam nobis abscindamus, id. 9, 23.: in idolis nationum non erit respectus, Vulg. Sap. 14, 11.
- II. Trop., respect, regard, consideration (cf. ratio; in this signif. rare before the Aug. per., and usu. in abl.; a favorite word of Liv.): respectum ad senatum et ad bonos non habere, Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 49: ad Romanos, Liv. 42, 46: ni respectus equitum praepedisset animos, id. 9, 14: Romanorum maxime respectus civitates movit, id. 35, 38; Sen. Ira, 2, 28, 8: respectum amicitiae habere, Liv. 42, 37; 26, 1.
Abl.: respectu, by a regard, with regard; with gen.: factione respectuque rerum privatarum Appius vicit, by a regard for private interests, Liv. 2, 30; so id. 8, 28; 9, 45; 31, 46; 42, 9; 45, 18; Quint. 12, 9, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 100: respectu cupiunt hic tamen esse sui, id. P. 4, 9, 100; Phaedr. 5, 4, 7 al.: in illius respectum iste populo praesideat, Sen. Ben. 4, 32, 2: sine respectu non majestatis modo sed etiam humanitatis, Liv. 29, 9: sine respectu pudoris, Quint. 6, 3, 25; Sen. Contr. 3 (7), 23, 2: sine respectu veniae, Tac. H. 2, 30: fabulae, Phaedr. 5, 4, 7: paucitatis, Just. 11, 9, 2: amicitiae, id. 12, 10, 8: sine respectu sui, Sen. Ben. 6, 13, 1: Graecum proverbium jactans: occultae musicae nullum esse respectum, is in no repute, Suet. Ner. 20 (cf.: musicam quae sit abscondita, eam esse nullius rei, Gell. 13, 30, 3; Gr. τῆς λανθανούσης μουσικῆς οὐδεὶς λόγος).
1. rē-spergo, si, sum, 3, v. a., to sprinkle over any thing; to besprinkle, bestrew (rare but class.).
- I. Lit.: praetoris oculos, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 38, § 100: manus, os, simulacrum sanguine, id. Rosc. Am. 24, 68: morientium sanguine os uxoris respersum, id. Phil. 3, 2, 4; id. de Or. 3, 3, 10; cf.: aliquem cruore, Liv. 21, 63: sanguine dextram, Cat. 64, 230; Curt. 8, 3, 11: comae respersae sanguine, Ov. F. 3, 452: caede fraternā juvenis respersus, Cat 64, 181; Suet. Ner. 12; id. Calig. 57: se sanguine nefando, Liv. 1, 13: quidquid fuerat mortale aquis, Ov. M. 14, 604: vino rogum ne respargito, Lex Numae ap. Plin. 14, 12, 14, § 88; cf. Fest. p. 262 Müll.: alicubi labi necesse est, alicubi respergi, to be splashed, spattered, Sen. Ira, 3, 6: pelagus respergit, Att. ap. Cic. N. D. 2, 35, 89.
Poet.: cum primum Aurora respergit lumine terras, Lucr. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 25 (cf. spargit, Lucr. 2, 144): nullā nube respersus jubar, i. e. beclouded, dimmed, Sen. Herc. Oet. 723.
- * B. Transf., to spread out: ut nux repercussa radicem respergat, Pall. Jan. 15, 15.
- II. Trop., to besprinkle, bespatter, defile, etc.: servili probro respersus est, Tac. H. 1, 48: aliquem infamiā, Quint. Decl. 18, 3.
2. rēspergo, ĭnis, f. [1. respergo], a besprinkling (late Lat.): marmoris, Prud. adv. Symm. 1, 503.
rēspersĭo, ōnis, f. [1. respergo], a sprinkling over, besprinkling (Ciceron.): pigmentorum, Cic. Div. 2, 21, 48: ne sumptuosa respersio, a sprinkling of the funeral pile with wine, id. Leg. 2, 24, 60; v. 1. respergo, I.
1. rēspersus, a, um, Part. of 1. respergo.
2. rēspersus, ūs, m. [1. respergo], a sprinkling over, besprinkling (only in abl. sing.): pinnarum, Plin. 10, 3, 3, § 9: urinae, id. 24, 17, 102, § 163 dub. (Jan.: urinā adspersā).
rēspĭcĭens, entis, Part., P. a., and subst.; v. respicio.
rē-spĭcĭo, spexi, spectum, 3 (old form of subj. perf. respexis, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 19; id. Most. 2, 2, 90; id. Rud. 3, 3, 16), v. n. and a., to look back or behind, to look about, look; to see behind one; to look back upon, to look at, look to or for any thing (very freq. and class.).
- I. Lit.
- (α) Neutr.: respicere quasi retro aspicere, Varro Manio: sedens … neque post respiciens, neque ante prospiciens, Non. p. 442, 31 sq. (cf. infra, β): longe retro respicere non possunt, Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 6; Liv. 21, 22, 7; cf. Cic. Div. 1, 24, 49: subito exaudivit hinnitum respexitque et equum alacrem laetus aspexit, id. ib. 1, 33 fin.: Er. Ergasilum qui vocat? He. Respice … respice ad me, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 54 sq.: huc ad aliquem, id. Trin. 4, 3, 61; so, ad aliquem, id. Curc. 1, 2, 20; id. Cas. 3, 5, 10; id. Ps. 1, 3, 16; id. Poen. 4, 2, 35; id. Truc. 2, 2, 2; Ter. And. 2, 5, 6; id. Phorm. 5, 1, 13 al.; cf.: nocte ad oppidum, Cic. Div. 1, 32, 69: patriae ad oras, Ov. M. 11, 547: ad libellos, Quint. 10, 7, 31; 11, 2, 45; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 51: ad laevam, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 8: in aliquem, App. M. 2, p. 118: huc, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 30; id. Rud. 3, 4, 2; id. Truc. 1, 2, 20; 21: tanta militum virtus fuit, ut non modo de vallo decederet nemo, sed paene ne respiceret quidem quisquam, Caes. B. G. 5, 43: transque caput jace, nec respexeris, Verg. E. 8, 102: respicit Aeneas subito, id. A. 6, 548: a tergo, id. ib. 8, 697: quod respicere vetitus est, Liv. 21, 22.
- (β) Act. (in lit. sense rare in good prose, but freq. in all styles in the trop. signif.; v. infra, II.): ipsi Respiciunt atram in nimbo volitare favillam, look back on, see behind them, Verg. A. 5, 666: modo Prospicit occasus, interdum respicit ortus, Ov. M. 2, 190: respice me et relinque egentem parasitum, Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 7: repudia istos comites atque hoc respice et revortere, id. Merc. 5, 2, 30: proxima respiciens signa, Caes. B. C. 2, 39; cf. Caesarem, id. ib. 3, 91: (Hannibalem) respexisse saepe Italiae litora, Liv. 30, 20, 7: nec prius amissam (Creüsam) respexi animumve reflexi, Quam, etc., Verg. A. 2. 741; id. G. 4, 491; Ov. M. 11, 66; cf.: ut stetit et frustra absentem respexit amicum, Verg. A. 9, 389: instantem tergo Cloanthum, id. ib. 5, 168: donec versas ad litora puppes Respiciunt, id. ib. 10, 269; cf. id. ib. 5, 666: oculis pignora cara, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 60: medio cum Sol altissimus orbe Tantum respiceret, quantum superesse videret, looked back upon, i. e. had already passed over, id. M. 11, 354.
- II. Trop.
- A. In gen., to look, have regard, turn attention.
- (α) Neutr.: neque se in multa simul intendere animus totum potest: et, quocumque respexit, desinit intueri, quod propositum erat, at whatsoever it looks, Quint. 10, 3, 23: si propter singula verba ad singulas formas respiciendum erit, id. 11, 2, 26; cf.: non respiciendum ad haec, id. 7, 10, 14: M. Bibulus cuncta administrabat: ad hunc summa imperii respiciebat, looked to him, was centred in him, Caes. B. C. 3, 5 fin.; cf.: periculum (emptionis) ad venditorem respicere, Dig. 18, 6, 4 (with ad venditorem pertinere).
- (β) Act., to look at, regard, look to: quom respicias immensi temporis omne Praeteritum spatium, Lucr. 3, 854; cf.: quoad longissime potest mens mea respicere spatium praeteriti temporis, Cic. Arch. 1, 1: cum vastitatem Italiae respexerint, Asin. Poll. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 1: subsidia, quae respicerent in re trepidā, etc., which they might look to, i. e. from which they might expect aid, Liv. 4, 46; cf.: ne respicere spem ullam ab Romanis posset, id. 4, 17: respicere exemplar vitae morumque jubebo Doctum imitatorem, to look at, have in his eye, Hor. A. P. 317: de te pendentis, te respicientis amici, id. Ep. 1, 1, 105.
With rel.-clause: quid sit prius actum, respicere aetas Nostra nequit, nisi, etc., Lucr. 5, 1446; cf. id. 3, 972: respiciens, an vera soror, Val. Fl. 6, 661.
- B. Pregn., to look at with solicitude, i. e. to have a care for, regard, be mindful of, consider, respect, etc. (in this sense mostly act.; cf. provideo).
- 1. Of a protecting deity: di homines respiciunt, Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 29: deus respiciet nos aliquis, id. Bacch. 4, 2, 39; Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 34; id. Hec. 5, 2, 6: nisi quis nos deus respexerit, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 6: Sive neglectum genus et nepotes Respicis auctor, Hor. C. 1, 2, 36; Verg. E. 1, 28: nisi idem deus, qui, etc., respexerit rem publicam, Cic. Att. 7, 1, 2: et me et te, nisi quid dī respiciunt, perdidi, Ter. And. 4, 1, 19.
Hence, Rēspĭcĭens, the Provident, an epithet of Fortuna: ad opem ferendam, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; Inscr. Orell. 477; 1766.
Rarely, in a bad sense, of an avenging deity: at vos, devota capita, respiciant di perjuriorum vindices, may they remember it against you, Just. 14, 4, 10.
- 2. Of persons that have a care or regard for any thing: hercle alius nemo respicit nos, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 55; so, aliquem, Plaut. Truc. 2, 3, 19; id. Aul. 2, 2, 54: age, me in tuis secundis respice, Ter. And. 5, 6, 11; id. Ad. 5, 8, 9: miseros aratores, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 10, § 26; Caes. B. G. 7, 77: sin Caesarem respiciant, id. B. C. 1, 1; Mart. 10, 10, 5: non Pylium Nestora respicis, Hor. C. 1, 15, 22: quantum quisque ferat respiciendus erit, Ov. Am. 1, 8, 38: mox deos respexere; restitui Capitolium placuit, bethought themselves of, Tac. H. 4, 4: aetatem tuam, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 87: populi Romani commoda (with prospicere), Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 55, § 127: salutem cum meam tum aliorum, id. Planc 38, 91; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 5: rem publicam, Cic. Phil. 2, 46, 118; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 11, 3: mala sua, Lucr. 4, 1159 et saep.
With se, to think of or have regard for one’s self, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 18; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 18; 5, 1, 46; Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 79; id. pro Scaur. Fragm. 41, p. 267 Orell.: quod si Caesar se respexerit, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 8.
With ad (Quintilian): ad utilitatem Ligarii respicit, looks to the advantage of, Quint. 9, 2, 28; so, modice ad hanc partem, id. 9, 4, 36: Graecas litteras (corresp. to studere Latinis), id. 1, 12, 6: saepius ad curam rerum ab elocutione, id. 10, 1, 120.
With an abstr. subj.: si quid pietas antiqua labores Respicit humanos, Verg. A. 5, 689.
With object-clause, to observe, perceive, notice: respicio nihili meam vos gratiam facere, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 68.
rēspīrācŭlum, i, n. [respiro], breathing, respiration (late Lat.), Claud. Mam. Stat. An. 2, 12.
rēspīrāmen, ĭnis, n. [respiro], the windpipe (Ovid.): respiramen iterque Eripiunt animae, Ov. M. 12, 142; plur.: respiramina claudere, id. ib. 2, 828.
rēspīrāmentum, i, n. [id. II.], relief, comfort (late Lat.), Aug. Conf. 7, 7 fin.; Serm. Temp. 144 fin.
rēspīrātĭo, ōnis, f. [respiro].
- I. Lit., a breathing out, exhaling; hence, in gen., breathing, respiration, Cic. Univ. 6; Plin. 9, 7, 6, § 18; Quint. 9, 4, 67 (with spiritus); 11, 3, 39; 53; 63; Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 3, 16; 2, 32, 167.
- * B. Transf., exhalation: aquarum, Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 27.
- II. Trop., a breathing in the course of an action, i. e. a taking breath, resting; an intermission, pause: in suo quisque gradu obnixi sine respiratione ac respectu pugnabant, Liv. 8, 38.
So of a pause in speaking: morae respirationesque delectant, Cic. Or. 16, 53; cf. Quint. 7, 9, 11; 11, 3, 49.
rēspīrātus, ūs, m. [respiro], a drawing breath, inhaling, inspiration; only Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 136 (dub. Orell. N. cr.; Bait. intrante spiritu), and App. M. 4, p. 149, 28.
rē-spīro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n.
- I. Lit., to blow or breathe back; to breathe out, exhale (class.; esp. in the trop. signif.): quod nisi respirent venti, vis nulla refrenet Res … nunc quia respirant, etc., Lucr. 6, 568 sq.: cum aspera arteria ad pulmones usque pertineat excipiatque animam eam, quae ducta sit spiritu eandemque a pulmonibus respiret et reddat, Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136: ex eā pars redditur respirando, id. ib. 2, 55, 138: malignum aëra, to exhale, send forth, Stat. S. 2, 2, 78; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 35; and poet.: fistula, i. e. to sound, Calp. Ecl. 4, 74.
- II. Transf., in gen., to take breath; to breathe, respire (only neutr.).
- A. Lit.: propius fore eos ad respirandum, Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64; 3, 14, 48: sine respirem, quaeso, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 20 (with recipere anhelitum); id. Pers. 3, 3, 12: O Clitopho, timeo. Clit. respiro, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 12; Quint. 8, 5, 14; Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 146: ut non ter deciens respiret, Juv. 14, 28 al.
- B. Trop., to fetch one’s breath again, to recover breath; to recover, revive, be relieved or refreshed after any thing difficult (as labor, care, etc.); constr. absol. or ab aliquā re.
- (α) Absol.: (improbitas) cujus in animo versatur, numquam sinit eum respirare, numquam acquiescere, Cic. Fin. 1, 16, 52; cf.: si armis positis civitas respiraverit, id. Fam. 6, 2, 2 (with recreari): cum tot negotiis distentus sit, ut libere respirare non possit, id. Rosc. Am. 8, 22: respiravi, liberatus sum, id. Mil. 18, 47: homines respirasse videbantur, id. Sest. 38, 71; id. Att. 2, 24, 5; 7, 13, a, 3; 10, 1: spatium respirandi dare, Liv. 10, 28; 26, 26 fin.; 28, 31; Verg. A. 9, 813 al.: quo animi respirant, Quint. 9, 4, 62.
Impers. pass.: ita respiratum, mittique legationes coeptae, Liv. 29, 4.
- (β) With ab: respirare a metu, Cic. Clu. 70, 200; id. Har. Resp. 23, 48: ab eorum mixtis precibus minisque, Liv 4, 25: a continuis cladibus, id. 22, 18; cf.: aures poëticis voluptatibus a forensi asperitate, Quint. 1, 8, 11.
- 2. Transf., twice in Cic., of the exertion or passion itself, to abate, diminish, cease (syn.: remittere, cessare): oppugnatio respiravit, Cic. Phil. 8, 7, 20: cupiditas atque avaritia respirasset, id. Quint. 16, 53.
* rēsplendentĭa, ae, f. [resplendeo], splendor, resplendence: veritatis, Aug. Ep. ad Maced. 55.
rē-splendĕo, ēre, v. n., to shine brightly; to glitter, be resplendent (poet.): fulvā resplendent fragmina harenā, Verg. A. 12, 741; Sil. 12, 732; Sen. Q. N. 1, 13, 2; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 446; Sen. Agam. 543: sidera, Manil. 5, 719: facies, Vulg. Matt. 17, 2.
Trop.: resplendet gloria Martis, Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 16.
rē-spondĕo, di, sum, 2, v. a.
- I. Lit., to promise a thing in return for something else; to offer or present in return. So, only in a few examples, the phrase par pari (dat.) respondere, to return like for like: par pari respondes dicto, you return tit for tat with your tongue (syn. refero), Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 41; cf.: istuc serva; et verbum verbo par pari ut respondeas, Ter Phorm. 1, 4, 35; and: paria paribus respondimus, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 23.
Pass.: provide, si cui quid debetur, ut sit, unde par pari respondeatur, i. e. that there be wherewithal to meet the demand, Atticus ap. Cic. Att. 16, 7, 6; cf. also under II. A. 1, the lusus verbb. with spondeo; and II. B. init.
- II. In a more general signification.
- A. To answer, reply, respond (either to a question, or to any statement or remark, and either in a friendly or hostile signif.); constr. aliquid alicui, ad, adversus, contra aliquem (aliquid).
- 1. In gen.
- a. Lit.: Th. Aliud te rogo. Tr. Aliud ergo nunc tibi respondeo, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 70; cf. id. Merc. 1, 2, 73.
Absol.: prius respondes, quam rogo, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 119: eā legatione Papirius auditā … respondit, Liv. 9, 14, 2; 27, 40, 8; 33, 38, 7; Nep. Milt. 1, 4: ille appellatus respondit, Caes. B. G. 5, 36; 5, 41; Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 30; id. Verr. 2, 4, 62, § 138; id. Fam. 3, 6, 2; 5, 2, 8; 7, 24, 2; 9, 14, 2.
So usu. of an oral answer: tibi non rescribam, sed respondeam, Sen. Ep. 67, 2; but also of writing: epistulae, Cic. Att. 9, 9, 1 et saep.; v. infra: ab his sermo oritur, respondet Laelius, Cic. Lael. 1, 5; Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 28: olli respondit rex Albaï Longaï, Enn. ap. Fortun. p. 2691 P. (Ann. v. 34 Vahl.): cui orationi Caepionis ore respondit Aelius, Cic. Brut. 46, 169: criminibus, id. Planc. 2, 4: supremae tuae paginae, id. Att. 6, 2, 1: cui opinioni, Quint. 4, 4, 1: tam aequae postulationi, id. 7, 1, 47 al.: summā constantiā ad ea, quae quaesita erant, respondebat, Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 2; cf.: arbitrabar me satis respondisse ad id quod quaesierat Laelius, id. Rep. 2, 39, 65: nec absurde adversus utrosque respondisse visus est, Liv. 35, 50; 8, 32: adversus haec imperator respondit, id. 30, 31; 33, 35 fin.
With acc. of neutr. pron.: illud respondere cogam, to make answer to that, Cic. Cael. 28, 67; cf. id. Vatin. 7, 18; 17, 41: multa contra patronos venuste testis saepe respondet, Quint. 5, 7, 31; 5, 7, 24; cf.: accipe, quid contra juvenis responderit, Hor. S. 2, 3, 233.
With object-clause: respondent, bello se et suos tutari posse, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 59; id. Curc. 2, 3, 54; id. Mil. 2, 2, 23; id. Merc. 5, 2. 102 al.
Introducing a direct answer: cum dixisset, Quid agis, Grani? respondit, Immo vero tu, Druse, quid agis! Cic. Planc. 14, 33; id. Att. 5, 21, 12; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Tusc. 5, 19, 56.
In impers. perf.: postquam mihi responsum est, abeo, etc., Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 57; cf. id. Mil. 4, 2, 93: quid nunc renunciem abs te responsum? Ter. Heaut. 4, 8, 18: sic existimet: Responsum non dictum esse, quia laesit prior, id. Eun. prol. 6.
In plur.: multa ejus et in senatu et in foro vel provisa prudenter vel acta constanter vel responsa acute ferebantur, Cic. Lael. 2, 6.
In the sup.: (haec) quam brevia responsu, Cic. Clu. 59 fin.
In a lusus verbb. with spondeo: Er. Sponden’ tu istud? He. Spondeo. Er. At ego, tuum tibi advenisse filium, respondeo, and in return I promise you, i. e. assure you, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 119; cf.: fideiussores, qui salvam rempublicam fore responderunt, etc., promised, gave assurance, Dig. 50, 1, 17 fin.
- b. Trop., to answer, respond, reply to, re-echo, resound, etc.: saxa et solitudines voci respondent, Cic. Arch. 8, 19; respondent flebile ripae, Ov. M. 11, 53; and: respondentia tympana, Stat. Achill. 2, 175: urbes coloniarum respondebunt Catilinae tumulis silvestribus, will give an answer to, i. e. will prove a match for, Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24.
- 2. In partic.
- a. Of lawyers, priests, oracles, etc., to give an opinion, advice, decision, response: quaeris, num juris consultus (sit)? quasi quisquam sit, qui sibi hunc falsum de jure respondisse dicat, Cic. Planc. 25, 62; so, de jure, id. Brut. 30, 113; cf.: de jure consulentibus respondere, id. Mur. 4, 9; in a like signif., also simply jus, id. Leg. 1, 4, 12: facultas respondendi juris, id. ib. 2, 12, 29; id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Plin. Ep. 6, 15, 3 al.; cf.: civica jura, Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 24; and: quae consuluntur, minimo periculo respondentur, etc., Cic. Mur. 13, 28; id. Brut. 89, 306.
Absol., Dig. 2, 14, 7; and so very freq. of the jurists in the Digests; v. responsum: pater Roscii ad haruspices retulit: qui responderunt, nihil illo puero clarius fore, Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79: cum ex prodigiis haruspices respondissent, Sall. C. 47, 2; Liv. 27, 37; 31, 5; 5, 54; Vell. 2, 24, 3: responsum est, Suet. Aug. 94, 97: deliberantibus Pythia respondit, ut moenibus ligneis se munirent, gave advice, Nep. Them. 2, 6; cf. Just. 11, 11, § 11: possumus seniores amici quiete respondere, to give advice, Tac. A. 14, 54 fin.
- b. Of the answering of a person summoned when his name is called; hence, meton., to appear: citatus neque respondit neque excusatus est, Varr. ap. Gell. 11, 1, 4; cf.: cives, qui ad nomina non respondissent, Liv. 7, 4: quia Romae non respondebant, id. 39, 18; Val. Max. 6, 3, 4; Suet. Tib. 38; id. Ner. 44; Hor. S. 1, 9, 36 (vadato, dat., i.e. ei qui eum vadatus erat; v. vador); Dig. 3, 3, 35; 41, 1, 14 et saep.
- (β) Esp., to appear before a tribunal, to answer an accusation, meet a charge, etc.: perfectus in exsilium Tubulus est nec respondere ausus, Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 54: Verrem alterā actione responsurum non esse, id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 1: nemo Epaminondam responsurum putabat, Nep. Epam. 8, 1.
- (γ) Transf., in gen., to appear, be present: ipsi (sc. paeon et herous) se offerent et respondebunt non vocati, Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 191: verba (with res se ostendent), Quint. 10, 3, 9: ut ii, qui debent, non respondeant ad tempus, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 2; cf.: podagra ad tempus (with venit ad horam), Sen. Q. N. 3, 16, 1: sanguis per menstrua, Cels. 4, 4, 5.
- B. To answer to; to meet, agree, accord, or correspond with a thing; constr. usually with dat. or absol.: ut omnia omnibus paribus paria respondeant, Cic. N. D. 1, 19, 50: ut horum auctoritatibus illorum orationi, qui dissentiunt, respondere posse videamur, id. Imp. Pomp. 23, 68: ut verba verbis quasi demensa et paria respondeant, id. Or. 12, 38; and: respondent extrema primis, media utrisque, omnia omnibus, id. Fin. 5, 28, 83: (Aristoteles dicit) illam artem (sc. rhetoricam) quasi ex alterā parte respondere dialecticae, that it corresponds to, i. e. forms the counterpart of, id. Or. 32, 114: aedificare alteram porticum quae Palatio responderet, id. Har. Resp. 23, 49; cf. of a locality: contra elata mari respondet Gnosia tellus, i. e. lies opposite, Verg. A. 6, 23: Pachyni pulsata Ionio respondent saxa profundo, Sil. 14, 73: est mihi magnae curae, ut ita erudiatur (Lucullus), ut et patri et Caepioni nostro et tibi tam propinquo respondeat, Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 8: satis Graecorum gloriae responderunt, id. Tusc. 1, 2, 3: tua virtus opinioni hominum, id. Fam. 2, 5, 2; id. Lael. 16, 56: fortuna meis optatis, id. Fam. 2, 1, 2; cf.: seges votis, Verg. G. 1, 47: arma Caesaris non responsura lacertis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 48: favor meritis, id. ib. 2, 1, 9: ne prior officio quisquam respondeat, id. S. 2, 6, 24: par fama labori, id. ib. 2, 8, 66: fructus labori, Ov. F. 4, 641: non mihi respondent veteres in carmine vires, id. H. 15, 197 al.: familiam nemo speciosiorem producet, sed hominibus non respondet, he does not pay his debts, Sen. Ep. 87, 6: amori amore respondere, i. e. to return it, repay it, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 4; cf.: Quinti fratris liberalitati subsidiis amicorum, id. Att. 4, 3, 6: qui ex vico ortus est, eam patriam intellegitur habere, cui reipublicae vicus ille respondet, to which it belongs, Dig. 50, 1, 30.
In mal. part.: mulieribus, Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 17.
With ad: respondere ad parentum speciem, resemble, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 9: deformentur directiones, ut longitudines ad regulam et lineam, altitudines ad perpendiculum, anguli ad normam respondentes exigantur, Vitr. 7, 3; cf.: structuram ad perpendiculum respondere oportet, Plin. 36, 22, 51, § 172: quia non tota ad animum responderat (villa), Suet. Caes. 48: ad spem eventus respondit, Liv. 28, 6.
With dat.: Papirio quoque brevi ad spem eventus respondit, Liv. 9, 15.
With ex: quicquid non ex voluntate respondet, iram provocat, Sen. Ep. 47, 19: speculum quocumque obvertimus oris, Res sibi respondent simili formā atque colore, i. e. correspond, are reflected, Lucr. 4, 167.
Absol.: sidera respondent in aquā, Lucr. 4, 213: quia raro verba belle respondeant, Quint. 6, 3, 48: medicus aliquid oportet inveniat, quod non ubique fortasse, sed saepius tamen etiam respondeat, may answer, be suitable, Cels. praef.
- C. To return, make a return, yield: frumenta quando cum quarto responderint (sc. colono), have returned, yielded, Col. 3, 3, 4; cf. with abl. and dat.: humus cum est repetita cultu, magno fenore colono respondet, id. 2, 1, 3: vitis, nisi praepingui solo, non respondet, id. 3, 2, 11; cf.: metalla plenius responsura fodienti, Sen. Ep. 23, 5.
Hence, rēspon-sum, i, n., an answer, reply, response (equally freq. in sing. and plur.).
- 1. In gen.: suis postulatis responsa exspectare, Caes. B. C. 1, 5 fin.: haec paucis diebus ex illius ad nostra responsa responsis intellegentur, quorsum evasura sint, Cic. Att. 7, 17, 4: responsum senatūs, Liv. 7, 31: sine responso legatos dimisit, id. 9, 38: nullo ab nostris dato responso, Caes. B. G. 5, 58: responsum dedisti tantis de rebus, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 40; 2, 4, 39, § 85; so, dare responsum, Liv. 5, 32, 8; Val. Max. 9, 5, ext. 3; Curt. 3, 12, 9; Liv. 3, 50, 12: reddere alicui, Cic. Planc. 14, 34; cf.: triste redditum, Liv. 9, 16: ferre (ab aliquo), to receive, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 19; Caes. B. G. 6, 4 fin.: referre (ab aliquo), to deliver, Cic. Att. 7, 17, 2; Hirt. B. G. 8, 23; Liv. 37, 6: elicere, Quint. 5, 7, 20: petere, Hor. C. S. 55: responsum accipere, Liv. 5, 36, 4; Just. 12, 2, 8: responsum non fuit in eis, Vulg. Jer. 5, 13.
- 2. In partic. (acc. to II. A. 2.), an answer, reply of a lawyer, priest, oracle, etc.; an opinion, response, oracle: cum responsumque ab eo (Crasso) verum magis, quam ad suam rem accommodatum abstulisset, etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 239: res judicatae, decreta, responsa, id. ib. 2, 27, 116; id. Mur. 13, 29.
The responsa prudentium, or authoritative opinions of leading lawyers, were an important source of the Roman law, Just. Inst. 1, 2, 8 Sandars ad loc.: haruspicum responsa, Cic. Cat. 3, 4, 9; cf. Quint. 5, 10, 30; Ov. M. 3, 340; 527: legatus a Delphis Romam rediit, responsumque ex scripto recitavit, Liv. 23, 11; cf. id. 1, 56; Quint. 3, 7, 11; 5, 7, 35; Tac. H. 1, 10; 4, 65 al.; Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 65; Ter. And. 4, 2, 15; Verg. A. 7, 86 et saep.
In eccl. Lat.: responsum Dei, ab angelo, etc., Vulg. Mich. 3, 7; id. Luc. 2, 26; id. Act. 10, 22.
rēsponsĭo, ōnis, f. [respondeo].
- 1. An answer, reply; a refutation (rare but class.; syn. responsum): in quo erat accusatoris interpretatio indigna responsione, Cic. Balb. 16, 36; Gell. 12, 12, 1: responsio mollis frangit iram, Vulg. Prov. 15, 1.
In plur., Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 63.
- 2. In rhet.: sibi ipsi responsio, a replying to one’s own argument, Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 207; Quint. 9, 1, 35; 9, 3, 90 (cf.: ut quasi ad interrogata sibi ipse respondeat, Cic. Or. 40, 137).
rēsponsĭto, āvi, 1, v. freq. a. [respondeo, II. A. 2. a.]; of lawyers, to give an answer, opinion, advice, Cic. Rep. 5, 3, 5; id. Leg. 1, 4, 14 Mos. N. cr.; Gell. 13, 10, 1; Dig. 3, 1, 1.
rēsponsīvē, adv. [respondeo], responsively, Ascon. Ped. ad Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 148.
rēsponsīvus, a, um, adj. [respondeo], answering, responsive: sententia, Jul. Rufin. Fig. Sent. 19; Isid. 2, 21, 18 (dub.): verba, Prisc. 574 P.
rēsponso, āre, v. freq. a. [respondeo], to return an answer, to answer, reply, respond (poet.).
- I. Lit.: neu quisquam responset, quando hasce aedes pultabit senex, Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 56: pro me responsa tibi, id. Cist. 2, 1, 40; id. Mil. 4, 1, 17: num ancillae aut servi tibi Responsant? answer you back, id. Men. 4, 2, 57.
- II. Trop.: exoritur clamor, ripaeque lacusque Responsant circa, re-echo, Verg. A. 12, 757; Val. Fl. 3, 597; 4, 286; Claud. in Eutr. 2, 162: ne gallina malum responset dura palato, ill suit his palate, Hor. S. 2, 4, 18: responsare cupidinibus, contemnere honores Fortis, to withstand, resist, bid defiance to, id. ib. 2, 7, 85; cf.: fortunae superbae, id. Ep. 1, 1, 68: animus cenis opimis, id. S. 2, 7, 103.
* rēsponsor, ōris, m. [respondeo], one that answers or replies, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 7.
rēsponsōria, ōrum, n. [respondeo], repetitions in vocal worship, responses, Ambros. Hexaem. 3, 5, 23.
rēsponsum, i, v. respondeo fin.
1. rēsponsus, a, um, Part. of respondeo.
2. rēsponsus, ūs, m. [respondeo, II. B.].
- I. An answer, reply (opp. interrogatio), Dig. 44, 7, 1, § 7.
- II. Correspondence of parts, harmony, symmetry, Vitr. 1, 2; 3, 1.
respublĭca, v. res, II. K.
rē-spŭo, ŭi, 3, v. a., to spit back or out; to discharge by spitting; to cast out, cast off, eject, expel, etc. (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. signif.).
- I. Lit.: quin etiam gustatus, quam cito id, quod valde dulce est, aspernatur ac respuit, Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 99: quas natura respuerit, id. N. D. 2, 9, 24: lumen per cornum transit, at imber respuitur, Lucr. 2, 389; cf. Quint. 1, 2, 28: liquorem ab se, Vitr. 7, 4; cf.: ferrum ab se (opp. resorbere), Lucr. 6, 1054; 2, 197; cf. Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 231; Pall. 1, 33, 2: frenos cum sanguine (equus), Stat. Th. 8, 544: invisum cadaver (humus), Ov. Ib. 170: oleas albas propter amaritudinem respuit palatum, Varr. R. R. 1, 66: respuit aqua limum, Pall. 1, 33, 2: tantum interest repercussum illum (aëra) respuat an excipiat, Plin. 33, 9, 45, § 128: respuens securis materia, id. 17, 10, 14, § 72; cf.: tela omnia, Luc. 3, 484.
- II. Trop., to reject, repel, refuse; to dislike, disapprove, not accept (syn.: reprobo, reicio, repudio): quae nisi respuis ex animo longeque remittis, Lucr. 6, 68: cum id dicat, quod omnium mentes aspernentur ac respuant, Cic. Fat. 20, 47; cf. id. Att. 13, 38 fin.: ratio juris respuat hanc defensionem et pro nihilo putet, id. Caecin. 19, 56; Liv. 42, 14: haec aetas omne quod fieri non potest respuit, Cic. Rep. 2, 10, 19: quos et praesens et postera respuit aetas, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 42: orationem, Cic. Mur. 35, 74 fin.: quo judex dicto moveatur quid respuat, Quint. 6, 4, 19: non respuit Caesar condicionem, Caes. B. G. 1, 42: Caesaris interdicta respuuntur, are spurned, Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1; cf. Liv. 2, 41 fin.: quod respuunt (aures) immutandum est, Cic. Part. Or. 5, 15; Quint. 11, 1, 61; Tac. Or. 9; cf.: nemo civis est, qui vos non oculis fugiat, auribus respuat, animo aspernetur, Cic. Pis. 20, 45: sunt enim qui respuant (consolationem), sed refert quo modo adhibeatur, id. Tusc. 3, 33, 79.
Absol.: quis te tum audiret illorum? respuerent aures, Cic. Planc. 18, 44; Quint. 11, 1, 61; cf.: calcitrat, respuit, Cic. Cael. 15, 36.
- * (β) Part. pres. with gen.: communium vocum respuens nimis ac fastidiens, Gell. 6, 15, 2.