Lewis & Short

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caedes, is (gen. plur. regularly caedium, Liv. 1, 13, 3; Just. 11, 13, 9; Flor. 3, 18, 14 al.; but caedum, Sil. 2, 665; 4, 353; 4, 423; 4, 796; 5, 220; 10, 233; Amm. 22, 12, 1; 29, 5, 27; cf. Prisc. p. 771 P), f. [caedo].

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen., a cutting or lopping off (post-class. and rare): ligni atque frondium caedes, Gell. 19, 12, 7: capilli, qui caede cultrorum desecti, App. M. 3.
    2. B. Esp. (acc. to caedo, I. B. 1.; cf. cado, I. B. 2.), a cutting down, slaughter, massacre, carnage; esp. in battle or by an assassin; murder (usu. class. signif. of the word in prose and poetry; esp. freq. in the histt. in Suet. alone more than twenty times): pugnam caedesque petessit, Lucr. 3, 648: caedem caede accumulantes, id. 3, 71: caedem (the deadly slaughter, conflict) in quā P. Clodius occisus est, Cic. Mil. 5, 12: caedes et occisio, id. Caecil. 14, 41: magistratuum privatorumque caedes, id. Mil. 32, 87: cum in silvā Silā facta caedes esset, id. Brut. 22, 85: notat (Catilina) et designat oculis ad caedem unumquemque nostrum, id. Cat. 1, 1, 2: jam non pugna sed caedes erat, Curt. 4, 15, 32: caedes inde, non jam pugna fuit, Liv. 23, 40, 11: ex mediā caede effugere, id. 23, 29, 15: cum caedibus et incendiis agrum perpopulari, id. 34, 56, 10: silvestres homines … Caedibus et victu foedo deterruit Orpheus, Hor. A. P. 392: magnā caede factā multisque occisis, Nep. Epam. 9, 1: caedes civium, id. ib. 10, 3: caedem in aliquem facere, Sall. J. 31, 13; Liv. 2, 64, 3: edere, id. 5, 45, 8; 40, 32, 6; Just. 2, 11: perpetrare, Liv. 45, 5, 5: committere, Ov. H. 14, 59; Quint. 5, 12, 3; 10, 1, 12; 7, 4, 43; Curt. 8, 2: admittere, Suet. Tib. 37: peragere, Luc. 3, 580: abnuere, Tac. A. 1, 23: festinare, id. ib. 1, 3: ab omni caede abhorrere, Suet. Dom. 9: portendere, Sall.J. 3, 2; Suet. Calig. 57 et saep.; cf. in the poets, Cat. 64, 77; Verg. A. 2, 500; 10, 119; Hor. C. 1, 8, 16; 2, 1, 35; 3, 2, 12; 3, 24, 26; 4, 4, 59; Ov. M. 1, 161; 4, 503; 3, 625; 4, 160; 5, 69; 6, 669.
      1. 2. The slaughter of animals, esp. of victims: studiosus caedis ferinae, i. e. ferarum, Ov. M. 7, 675; so id. ib. 7, 809; cf. ferarum, id. ib. 2, 442; 15, 106: armenti, id. ib. 10, 541: boum, id. ib. 11, 371: juvenci, id. ib. 15, 129: bidentium, Hor. C. 3, 23, 14: juvencorum, Mart. 14, 4, 1.
  2. II. Meton.
    1. A. (Abstr. pro concreto.) The persons slain or murdered, the slain: caedis acervi, Verg. A. 10, 245: plenae caedibus viae, Tac. H. 4, 1.
    2. B. Also meton. as in Gr. φόνος, the blood shed by murder, gore, Lucr. 3, 643; 5, 1312: permixta flumina caede, Cat. 64, 360: respersus fraternā caede, id. 64, 181: madefient caede sepulcra, id. 64, 368: tepidā recens Caede locus, Verg. A. 9, 456: sparsae caede comae, Prop. 2, 8, 34: caede madentes, Ov. M. 1, 149; 14, 199; 3, 143; 4, 97; 4, 125; 4, 163; 6, 657; 8, 444; 9, 73; 13, 389; 15, 174.
    3. C. An attempt to murder: nostrae injuria caedis, Verg. A. 3, 256.
    4. D. A striking with the fist, a beating (post-class.): contumeliosa, Don. Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 46: nimia, id. ib. 4, 2, 19; 2, 1, 18.

caedo, cĕcīdi (in MSS. freq. caecīdi, v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 460), caesum, 3, v. a. [root cīd- for scid-; cf. scindo; Gr. σχίζω].

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen.
      1. 1. To cut, hew, lop, cut down, fell, cut off, cut to pieces: caesa abiegna trabes, Enn. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 75 (Trag. v. 281 Vahl.): frondem querneam caedito, Cato, R. R. 5, 8: arbores, Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33; Ov. M. 9, 230: robur, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 86; Ov. M. 8, 769: lignum, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3. 63: silvam, Varr ap. Non. p. 272, 5; Lucr. 5, 1265; Caes. B. G. 3, 29; Ov. M. 8, 329; Suet. Aug. 94 fin.; Pall. Mai, 4, 1: nemus, Ov. M. 2, 418; cf. id. ib. 1, 94; 9, 230; 9, 374; 14, 535: harundinem, Dig. 7, 1, 59, § 2: arboris auctum, Lucr. 6, 167: comam vitis, Tib. 1, 7, 34: faenum, Col. 2, 18, 1: murus latius quam caederetur ruebat, Liv. 21, 11, 9: caesis montis fodisse medullis, Cat. 68, 111; so, caedi montis in marmora, Plin. 12, prooem. § 2: lapis caedendus, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 147: silicem, id. Div. 2, 41, 85: marmor, Dig. 24, 3, 7, § 13: toga rotunda et apte caesa, cut out, Quint. 11, 3, 139: caedunt securibus umida vina, with axes they cut out the wine (formerly liquid, now frozen), Verg. G. 3, 364: volutas, to carve or hollow out volutes, Vitr. 3, 3: tineae omnia caedunt, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 272, 14.
        1. b. Prov.: ut vineta egomet caedam mea, i. e. carry my own hide to market, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 220 (proverbium in eos dicitur, qui sibi volentes nocent, Schol. Crucq.; cf. Tib. 1, 2, 98; Verg. A. 5, 672).
        2. c. Ruta caesa; v ruo, P. a.
      2. 2. In gen., to strike upon something, to knock at, to beat, strike, cudgel, etc.: ut lapidem ferro quom caedimus evolat ignis, strike upon with iron, Lucr. 6, 314: caedere januam saxis, Cic. Verr 2, 1, 27, § 69: silicem rostro, Liv. 41, 13, 1: vasa dolabris, Curt. 5, 6, 5: femur, pectus, frontem, Quint. 2, 12, 10; cf. id. 11, 3, 123 al.: verberibus, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 45; so Ter. And. 1, 2, 28: pugnis, Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 43: aliquem ex occulto, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 17: at validis socios caedebant dentibus apri, they fell with their strong tusks upon their own party, Lucr. 5, 1325; cf. Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 71: virgis ad necem caedi, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 28, § 69; Hor. S. 1, 2, 42: populum saxis, id. ib. 2, 3, 128: ferulā aliquem, id. ib. 1, 3, 120: flagris, Quint. 6, 3, 25: aliquem loris, Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 24; Suet. Ner. 26; 49; id. Dom. 8: caeduntur (agrestes) inter potentium inimicitias, Sall. H. Fragm. 3, 61, 27 Dietsch: nudatos virgis, Liv. 2, 5, 8: hastilibus caedentes terga trepidantium, id. 35, 5, 10: servum sub furcā caesum medio egerat circo, i.e. ita ut simul caederet, id. 2, 36, 1.
        1. b. Prov.: stimulos pugnis caedere, to kick against the pricks, to aggravate a danger by foolish resistance, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 55.
        2. c. Trop.: in judicio testibus caeditur, is pressed, hard pushed, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 3, 3.
    2. B. Pregn.
      1. 1. (Cf. cado, I. B. 2.) To strike mortally, to kill, murder: ille dies, quo Ti. Gracchus est caesus, Cic. Mil. 5, 14: P. Africanus de Tiberio Graccho responderat jure caesum videri, id. de Or. 2, 25, 106; id. Off. 2, 12, 43: caeso Argo, Ov. M. 2, 533; 5, 148; 12, 113; 12, 590; 12, 603; Suet. Caes. 76 al.
        Poet., transf. to the blood shed in slaying: caeso sparsuros sanguine flammam, Verg. A. 11, 82.
        Esp. freq.,
        1. b. In milit. lang., to slay a single enemy; or, when a hostile army as a whole is spoken of, to conquer with great slaughter, to cut to pieces, vanquish, destroy (cf. Oud., Wolf, and Baumg.Crus. upon Suet. Vesp. 4): exercitus caesus fususque, Cic. Phil. 14, 1, 1: Romani insecuti (hostem), caedentes spoliantesque caesos, castra regia diripiunt, Liv. 32, 12, 10; 2, 47, 9: infra arcem caesi captique multi mortales, id. 4, 61, 6; 22, 7, 2 and 9; Quint. 12, 10, 24; Suet. Aug. 21; 23; id. Vesp. 4: Indos, Curt. 9, 5, 19: passim obvios, id. 5, 6, 6: praesidium, id. 4, 5, 17: propugnatores reipublicae, Quint. 12, 10, 24: caesus (hostis) per calles saltusque vagando circumagatur, Liv. 44, 36, 10 Kreyss.: consulem exercitumque caesum, id. 22, 56, 2: legio-nes nostras cecidere, id. 7, 30, 14; so Nep. Dat. 6, 4; Tac. Agr. 18; Suet. Claud. 1.
          And poet., the leader is put for the army: Pyrrhum et ingentem cecidit Antiochum Hannibalemque dirum, Hor. C. 3, 6, 36.
          In poet. hypallage: caesi corporum acervi (for caesorum), Cat. 64, 359.
        2. c. To slaughter animals, esp. for offerings, to kill, slay, sacrifice: caedit greges armentorum, Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 31: boves, Ov. M. 15, 141: deorum mentes caesis hostiis placare, Cic. Clu. 68, 194: caesis victimis, id. Att. 1, 13, 1; Liv. 8, 6, 11; 10, 7, 10; 45, 7, 1; Tac. A. 2, 75; Suet. Caes. 81; id. Calig. 14; id. Ner. 25; id. Oth. 8; id. Galb. 18; id. Claud. 25; Just. 11, 5, 6 al.; Verg. A. 5, 96; Hor. Epod. 2, 59; Ov.M.13, 637; Juv. 6, 48; 6, 447; 8, 156; 12, 3 al.: inter caesa et porrecta; v. porricio.
        3. d. Hence, since security for a person was anciently given by the deposit of sheep belonging to him, which were slaughtered in case of forfeiture, leg. t. t.: pignus caedere (or concidere), to declare the for feiture of a security, to confiscate a pledge: non tibi illa sunt caedenda, si L. Crassum vis coërcere, Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 1, 4.
      2. 2. In mal. part. ( = concido; cf.: jam hoc, caede, concide: nonne vobis verba depromere videtur ad omne genus nequitiae accommodata? Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 66, § 155); Cat. 56, 7; Auct. Priap. 25, 10; Tert. Pall. 4.
  2. II. Trop.: caedere sermones, a Grecism, acc. to Prisc. 18, p. 1118 P., = κόπτειν τὰ ῤήματα, to chop words, chat, talk, converse, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 1; cf. Non. p. 272, 13, and Prisc. p. 1188 P.: oratio caesa, i. e. asyndeton, Auct. Her. 4, 19, 26; Aquil. Rom. §§ 18 and 19; Mart. Cap. 5; § 528.
    Hence, caesum, i, n.; subst. in gram. synon. with comma, a stop, pause, comma, Mart. Cap. 5, § 527; Aquil. Rom. § 19; Fortun. Art. Rhet. 3, 10.