Lewis & Short

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1. ĕo, īvi or ii (īt, Verg. A. 9, 418 al.; cf. Lachm. ad Lucr. vol. 2, p. 206 sq.: isse, issem, etc., for ivisse, etc., Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 25; Cic. Rosc. Am. 23, 64; id. Phil. 14, 1, 1; Ov. M. 7, 350 et saep.: isti, Turp. ap. Non. 4, 242: istis, Luc. 7, 834, etc., v. Neue Formenl. 2, 515), īre (inf. pass. irier, Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 16), ĭtum, v. n. [root i-, Sanscr. ēmi, go; Gr. εἶμι; causat. ἵημι = jacio, Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 403], to go (of every kind of motion of animate or inanimate things), to walk, ride, sail, fly, move, pass, etc. (very freq. in all periods and sorts of writing).

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen.: eo ad forum, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 95: i domum, id. ib. 5, 2, 71 sq.: nos priores ibimus, id. Poen. 3, 2, 34: i in crucem, go and be hanged! id. As. 5, 2, 91; cf.: i in malam crucem, id. Cas. 3, 5, 17; id. Ps. 3, 2, 57; 4, 7, 86: i in malam rem hinc, Ter. Ph. 5, 7, 37: iens in Pompeianum, Cic. Att. 4, 9 fin.: subsidio suis ierunt, Caes. B. G. 7, 62, 8: quom it dormitum, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 23; id Most. 3, 2, 4; 16; Hor. S. 1, 6, 119 et saep, cf.: dormitum, lusum, id. ib. 1, 5, 48: cubitum, Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 27; 5, 4, 8; id. Ps. 3, 2, 57; Cic. Rosc. Am. 23; id. Div. 2, 59, 122 et saep.
      Poet. with the acc. of the terminus: ibis Cecropios portus, Ov. H. 10, 125 Loers.: Sardoos recessus, Sil. 12, 368; cf.: hinc Afros, Verg. E. 1, 65.
      With a cognate acc.: ire vias, Prop. 1, 1, 17: exsequias, Ter. Ph. 5, 8, 37: pompam funeris, Ov. F. 6, 663 et saep.: non explorantur eundae vitandaeque viae, Claud. in Eutrop. 2, 419: animae ad lumen iturae, Verg. A. 6, 680: ego ire in Piraeum volo, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 63; cf.: visere ad aliquam, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 114; id. Phorm. 1, 2, 52: videre, Prop. 1, 1, 12: ire pedibus, on foot, Liv. 28, 17: equis, id. 1, 15: curru, id. 28, 9; Ov. H. 1, 46; cf.: in equis, id. A. A. 1, 214: in raeda, Mart. 3, 47: super equos, Just. 41, 3; and with equis to be supplied, Verg. A. 5, 554: puppibus, Ov. H. 19, 180; cf.: cum classe Pisas, Liv. 41, 17 et saep.: concedere quo poterunt undae, cum pisces ire nequibunt? Lucr. 1, 380.
        1. b. Of things: alvus non it, Cato R. R. 157, 7; so, sanguis naribus, Lucr. 6, 1203: Euphrates jam mollior undis, Verg. A. 8, 726: sudor per artus, id. ib. 2, 174: fucus in artus, Lucr. 2, 683: telum (with volare), id. 1, 971: trabes, i. e. to give way, sink, id. 6, 564 et saep.: in semen ire (asparagum), to go to seed, Cato, R. R. 161, 3; so Plin. 18, 17, 45, § 159; cf.: in corpus (juvenes), Quint. 2, 10, 5: sanguis it in sucos, turns into, Ov. M. 10, 493.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. 1. To go or proceed against with hostile intent, to march against: quos fugere credebant, infestis signis ad se ire viderunt, Caes. B. G. 6, 8, 6: ad hostem, Liv. 42, 49: contra hostem, Caes. B. G. 7, 67, 2; cf. id. B. C. 3, 31 fin.: adversus hostem, Liv. 42, 49: in hostem, id. 2, 6; Verg. A. 9, 424 et saep.; cf.: in Capitolium, to go against, to attack, Liv. 3, 17.
      2. 2. Pregn., to pass away, disappear (very rare): saepe hominem paulatim cernimus ire, Lucr. 3, 526; cf. ib. 530; 594.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. In gen., to go, pass, proceed, move, advance: ire in opus alienum, Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 6: in dubiam imperii servitiique aleam, Liv. 1, 23 fin.: in alteram causam praeceps ierat, id. 2, 27: in rixam, Quint. 6, 4, 13: in lacrimas, Verg. A. 4, 413; Stat. Th. 11, 193: in poenas, Ov. M. 5, 668 et saep.: ire per singula, Quint. 6, 1, 12; cf. id. 4, 2, 32; 7, 1, 64; 10, 5, 21: ad quem (modum) non per gradus itur, id. 8, 4, 7 et saep.: dicite qua sit eundum, Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 19: ire infitias, v. infitiae: Latina debent cito pariter ire, Quint. 1, 1, 14: aliae contradictiones eunt interim longius, id. 5, 13, 54: in eosdem semper pedes ire (compositio), id. 9, 4, 142: cum per omnes et personas et affectus eat (comoedia), id. 1, 8, 7; cf. id. 1, 2, 13; Juv. 1, 142: Phrygiae per oppida facti Rumor it, Ov. M. 6, 146: it clamor caelo, Verg. A. 5, 451: factoque in secula ituro, Laetantur tribuisse locum, to go down to posterity, Sil. 12, 312; cf. with a subject-sentence: ibit in saecula, fuisse principem, cui, etc., Plin. Pan. 55.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. 1. Pub. law t. t.
        1. a. Pedibus ire, or simply ire in aliquam sententiam, in voting, to go over or accede to any opinion (opp. discedere, v. h. v. II. B. 2. b.): cum omnes in sententiam ejus pedibus irent, Liv. 9, 8, 13: pars major eorum qui aderant in eandem sententiam ibat, id. 1, 32 fin.; 34, 43; 42, 3 fin.
          Pass. impers.:           in quam sententiam cum pedibus iretur, Liv. 5, 9, 2: ibatur in eam sententiam, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1 fin.: itum in sententiam, Tac. A. 3, 23; 12, 48.
          And opp. to the above,
        2. b. Ire in alia omnia, to vote against a bill, v. alius, II.
      2. 2. Mercant. t. t. for vēneo, to go for, be sold at a certain price, Plin. 18, 23, 53, § 194: tot Pontus eat, tot Lydia nummis, Claud. Eutr. 1, 203.
      3. 3. Pregn., of time, to pass by, pass away: it dies, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 12; Hor. C. 2, 14, 5; 4, 5, 7: anni, id. Ep. 2, 2, 55; cf.: anni more fluentis aquae, Ov. A. A. 3, 62.
      4. 4. With the accessory notion of result, to go, proceed, turn out, happen: incipit res melius ire quam putaram, Cic. Att. 14, 15; cf. Tac. A. 12, 68: prorsus ibat res, Cic. Att. 14, 20 fin.; Curt. 8, 5: postquam omnia fatis Caesaris ire videt, Luc. 4, 144.
        Hence the wish: sic eat, so may he fare: sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem, Liv. 1, 26; Luc. 5, 297 Cort.; 2, 304; Claud. in Eutr. 2, 155.
      5. 5. Constr. with a supine, like the Gr. μέλλειν, to go or set about, to prepare, to wish, to be about to do any thing: si opulentus it petitum pauperioris gratiam, etc., Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 69; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 36: quod uti prohibitum irem, quod in me esset, meo labori non parsi, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. PARSI, p. 242 Müll.; so, perditum gentem universam, Liv. 32, 22: ultum injurias, scelera, id. 2, 6; Quint. 11, 1, 42: servitum Grais matribus, Verg. A. 2, 786 et saep.: bonorum praemia ereptum eunt, Sall. J. 85, 42.
        Hence the construction of the inf. pass. iri with the supine, in place of an inf. fut. pass.: mihi omne argentum redditum iri, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 5: mihi istaec videtur praeda praedatum irier, id. Rud. 4, 7, 16 et saep.
        Poet. also with inf.: seu pontum carpere remis Ibis, Prop. 1, 6, 34: attollere facta regum, Stat. S. 5, 3, 11: fateri, id. Th. 3, 61 al.
      6. 6. Imp. i, eas, eat, etc., since the Aug. period more freq. a mocking or indignant expression, go then, go now: i nunc et cupidi nomen amantis habe, Ov. H. 3, 26; so, i nunc, id. ib. 4, 127; 9, 105; 17, 57; id. Am. 1, 7, 35; Prop. 2, 29, 22 (3, 27, 22 M.); Verg. A. 7, 425; Juv. 6, 306 al.: i, sequere Italiam ventis, Verg. A. 4, 381; so, i, id. ib. 9, 634: fremunt omnibus locis: Irent, crearent consules ex plebe, Liv. 7, 6 fin.

2. ĕō, adv. [old dat. and abl. form of pron. stem i; cf. is].

  1. I. In locat. and abl. uses,
    1. A. Of place = in eo loco, there, in that place (rare): quid (facturus est) cum tu eo quinque legiones haberes? Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 2, 1: quo loco … ibi … eoque, Cels. 8, 9, 1: eo loci, Tac. A. 15, 74; Plin. 11, 37, 50, § 136; so trop.: eo loci, in that condition: res erat eo jam loci, ut, etc., Cic. Sest. 13, 68; Tac. A. 14, 61; Dig. 5, 1, 52, § 3.
    2. B. Of cause = eā re.
      1. 1. Referring to a cause or reason before given, therefore, on that account, for that reason: is nunc dicitur venturus peregre: eo nunc commenta est dolum, Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 66; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 41: dederam litteras ad te: eo nunc ero brevior, Cic. Fam. 6, 20, 1; Sall. C. 21, 3; Liv. 8, 8, 8; Tac. H. 2, 65; Nep. Pelop. 1, 3; id. Milt. 2, 3 et saep.
        So with conjunctions, eoque, et eo, eo quoque, in adding any thing as a consequence of what precedes, and for that reason: absolute pares, et eo quoque innumerabiles, Cic. Ac. 2, 17, 55: impeditius eoque hostibus incautum, Tac. A. 1, 50: per gentes integras et eo feroces, Vell. 2, 115, 2; Quint. 4, 1, 42 al.
      2. 2. Referring to a foll. clause, giving
          1. (α) a cause or reason, with quia, quoniam, quod, etc.; so with quia: eo fit, quia mihi plurimum credo, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 124; id. Capt. 1, 1, 2: nunc eo videtur foedus, quia, etc., Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 17; 3, 1, 25: quia scripseras, eo te censebam, etc., Cic. Att. 10, 17, 4; Sall. C. 20, 3; Tac. Agr. 22.
            With quoniam: haec eo notavi, quoniam, etc., Gell. 7, 13.
            With quod: quod … non potueritis, eo vobis potestas erepta sit, Cic. Verr. 1, 8, 22; Nep. Eum. 11, 5; Liv. 9, 2, 4; Caes. B. G. 1, 23; so, neque eo … quod, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 43; Varr. R. R. 1, 5.
          2. (β) A purpose, motive or reason, with quo, ut, ne; and after negatives, with quo, quin, and subj.
            So with quo: eo scripsi, quo plus auctoritatis haberem, Cic. Att. 8, 9, 1; Sall. C. 22, 2; so, non eo … quo, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 16: neque eo … quo, Cic. Att. 3, 15, 4; id. Rosc. Am. 18, 51.
            With ut: haec eo scripsi, ut intellegeres, Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 2; id. de Or. 3, 49, 187; Lact. 4, 5, 9.
            With ne: Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 63; Ter. Ph. 5, 1, 17: quod ego non eo vereor, ne mihi noceat, Cic. Att. 9, 2; id. Rab. Perd. 3, 9.
            With quin: non eo haec dico, quin quae tu vis ego velim, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 60; id. As. 5, 1, 16.
    3. C. Of measure or degree—with words of comparison, so much, by so much—followed by quo (= tanto … quanto): quae eo fructuosiores fiunt, quo calidior terra aratur, Varr. R. R. 1, 32, 1: eo gravior est dolor, quo culpa major, Cic. Att. 11, 11, 2; id. Fam. 2, 19, 1; so with quantum: quantum juniores patrum plebi se magis insinuabant, eo acrius contra tribuni tendebant, etc., Liv. 3, 15, 2; id. 44, 7, 6: quanto longius abscederent, eo, etc., id. 30, 30, 23.
      Esp. freq. the formulae, eo magis, eo minus, so much the worse (the less), followed by quo, quod, quoniam, si, ut, ne: eo magis, quo tanta penuria est in omni honoris gradu, Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 7: eo minus veritus navibus, quod in littore molli, etc., Caes. B. G. 5, 9; Cic. Off. 3, 22, 88; id. Att. 15, 9 fin.: eo magis, quoniam, etc., Cels. praef. p. 14, 12 Müll.: nihil admirabilius fieri potest, eoque magis, si ea sunt in adulescente, Cic. Off. 2, 14, 48; id. Tusc. 1, 39, 94: eo diligentius ut ne parvula quidem titubatione impediremur, Auct. Her. 2, 8, 12; Cic. Rab. Perd. 3, 9: ego illa extuli et eo quidem magis, ne quid ille superiorum meminisse me putaret, id. Att. 9, 13, 3.
      In this combination eo often expresses also the idea of cause (cf. B. 1. supra): hoc probis pretiumst. Eo mihi magis lubet cum probis potius quam cum improbis vivere, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 37: solliciti tamen et anxii sunt; eoque magis, quod se ipsi continent et coercent, Cic. Tusc. 4, 33, 70; and some passages may be classed under either head: dederam triduo ante litteras ad te. Eo nunc ero brevior, Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1; id. Inv 1, 4, 5; id. Off. 2, 13, 45; id. Fam. 9, 16, 9; Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 8.
  2. II. In dat. uses.
    1. A. With the idea of motion, to that place, thither (= in eum locum): eo se recipere coeperunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 25, 5: uti eo cum introeas, circumspicias, uti inde exire possit, Cato, R. R. 1, 2: eo tela conicere, Auct. B. Afr. 72: eo respicere, Sall. J. 35, 10; so, followed by quo, ubi, unde: non potuit melius pervenirier eo, quo nos volumus, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 35: venio nunc eo, quo me fides ducit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 83: ibit eo quo vis, etc., Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 40: (venit) eo, ubi non modo res erat, etc., Cic. Quint. 11; Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 21; Vell. 2, 108, 2: eo, unde discedere non oportuit, revertamur, Cic. Att. 2, 16, 3; Liv. 6, 35, 2; Sall. C. 60, 2; so (late Lat.) with loci: perducendum eo loci, ubi actum sit, Dig. 10, 4, 11, § 1; ib. 47, 2, 3, § 2.
    2. B. Transf.
      1. 1. With the idea of addition, thereto, in addition to that, besides: accessit eo, ut milites ejus, etc., Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 4: accedit eo, quod, etc., id. Att. 1, 13, 1.
      2. 2. With the idea of tendency, to that end, with that purpose, to this result: hoc autem eo spectabat, ut eam a Philippo corruptam diceret, Cic. Div. 2, 57, 118: haec eo pertinet oratio, ut ipsa virtus se sustentare posse videretur, id. Fam. 6, 1, 12: hoc eo valebat, ut, etc., Nep. Them. 4, 4.
      3. 3. With the idea of degree or extent, to that degree or extent, so far, to such a point: eo scientiae progredi, Quint. 2, 1, 6: postquam res publica eo magnificentiae venerit, gliscere singulos, Tac. A. 2, 33; id. H. 1, 16; id. Agr. 28: eo magnitudinis procedere, Sall. J. 1, 5; 5, 2; 14, 3: ubi jam eo consuetudinis adducta res est, ut, etc., Liv. 25, 8, 11; 28, 27, 12; 32, 18, 8 al.; Just. 3, 5: eo insolentiae processit, Plin. Pan. 16: eo rerum ventum erat, ut, etc., Curt. 5, 12, 3; 7, 1, 35.
        With gen., Val. Max. 3, 7, 1 al.; Flor. 1, 24, 2; 2, 18, 12; Suet. Caes. 77; Plin. Pan. 16, 5; Sen. Q. N. 4 praef. § 9: eo rem jam adducam, ut nihil divinationis opus sit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 96: res eo est deducta, ut, etc., id. Att. 2, 18, 2; Hor. C. 2, 1, 226; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18.
    3. C. Of time, up to the time, until, so long, usually with usque, and followed by dum, donec: usque eo premere capita, dum illae captum amitterent, Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 124; Liv. 23, 19, 14; Tac. A. 4, 18: eo usque flagitatus est, donec ad exitium dederetur, id. ib. 1, 32; Quint. 11, 3, 53: eo usque vivere, donec, etc., Liv. 40, 8; cf. Col. 4, 24, 20; 4, 30, 4.
      Rarely by quamdiu: eo usque, quamdiu ad fines barbaricos veniretur, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 45.

* ĕōăd, adv. [inverted from adeo; cf. quoad], until: nuptias eludit, eoad dum puerorum avus fato concessit, App. Mag. 68, p. 318, 13 (cf. adeo, I. A. 2.).

ĕōdem, adv. [old dat. and abl. of idem], of place.

  1. I. Of the place in which, with gen. loci, in the same place (rare): res eodem est loci quo reliquisti, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 5: additi eodem (i. e. in Aventino) novi cives, Liv. 1, 33, 2: arduum est eodem loci potentiam et concordiam esse, Tac. A. 4, 4; Suet. Aug. 65; id. Calig. 53.
  2. II. Of the place to which.
    1. A. To the same place, to the same point: Orgetorix omnes clientes obaeratosque suos eodem conduxit, Caes. B. G. 1, 4, 2; 4, 28; 5, 11: ego pol te redigam eodem unde ortus es, Plaut. As. 1, 2, 13: eodem accedit servitus, sudor, sitis, id. Merc. 4, 1, 8; Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 26; Suet. Caes. 64; Curt. 4, 15, 2; Lact. Opif. D. 8, 2.
    2. B. Transf.
      1. 1. To the same thing, to the same point or purpose: quid si accedit eodem, ut tenuis antea fueris, Cic. Rosc. Am. 31, 86: accedit eodem volgi voluntas, id. Fam. 4, 13, 5: eodem pertinet quod, id. Att. 8, 9, 1; Caes. B. G. 1, 14, 4.
      2. 2. To the same person or persons: eodemque honores poenasque congeri, i. e. in eundem civem, Liv. 27, 34, 13: eodemque adjungas quos natura putes asperos, Cic. Planc. 16, 40.

† eon, ōnis, f., an unknown tree, Plin. 13, 22, 39, § 119.

ĕōpse, v. ipse init.

Ēōs (only in nom.), f., = Ἠώς,

  1. I. the dawn (pure Lat. Aurora), Ov. F. 3, 877; 4, 389; Sen. Herc. Oet. 615.
    1. B. Meton., the East, the Orient, Luc. 9, 544.
  2. II. Derivv. Ē̆ōus, a, um.
    1. A. Adj.
      1. 1. Belonging to the morning, morning-: Atlantides absconduntur, i. e. disappear, set in the morning, Verg. G. 1, 221.
        More freq.,
      2. 2. Belonging to the east, eastern, orient (a favorite word of the Aug. poets): domus Aurorae, Prop. 2, 14, 10 (3, 10, 8 M.): equus, id. 4 (5), 3, 10: Arabes, Tib. 3, 2, 24; cf.: domus Arabum, Verg. G. 2, 115: acies, id. A. 1, 489: caelum, Ov. M. 4, 197: ripa, Prop. 4 (5), 5, 21: mare, Tib. 2, 2, 16; cf. fluctus, Hor. Epod. 2, 51: partes, id. C. 1, 35, 31; Ov. F. 1, 140; cf. orbis, id. ib. 3, 466; 5, 557 et saep.
    2. B. Subst.: Ē̆ōus, i, m.
      1. 1. Like ἠῷος (sc. ἀστήρ), the morning-star, Verg. G. 1, 288; id. A. 3, 588; 11, 4.
      2. 2. An inhabitant of the East, an Oriental, Ov. Tr. 4, 9, 22 Jahn; id. Am. 1, 15, 29; Prop. 2, 3, 43 sq.
      3. 3. The name of one of the horses of the sun, Ov. M. 2, 153.

is, ĕa, id (m. eis, C. I. L. 1, 198; n. it, ib. 5, 875 al., and freq. in MSS. of Plaut.), gen. ējus (old form eiius, C. I. L. 3, 1365 et saep.; v. Prisc. 1, 4, 18, p. 545; also etius, ib. 2, 1276 al.; scanned ĕius, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 60; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51; v. Lachm. ad Lucr. 3, 374; also Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 42, 109: eius, monosyl., Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 206; Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 7 et saep.; dat. ĕï, in ante-class. poetry often ēi, Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 46; Lucr. 2, 1136; 5, 300: eiei, C. I. L. 1, 198, 12 al.: eei, Inscr. Neap. 2423: iei, C. I. L. 1, 205, col. 2, 12 al.: ei, monosyl., Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 68; id. Trin. 1, 2, 138 et saep.; Cat. 82, 3; cf. Prisc. 7, 5, 21, p. 740; Lachm. ad Lucr. 3, 374: eo, Inscr. Murat. 582; f. eae, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 77 Ritschl; Cato, R. R. 46, 1; v. Varr. L. L. 8, 28, 51; acc. im for eum, Lex ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 60; Charis. 1, 17, p. 107 sq.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 103; also em, Tab. XII., tab. 1, fr. 1.
Plur. nom. m. ĕi, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 32; id. Stich. 1, 3, 47; Ter. Ad. prol. 23; but in the MSS. ii; Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 87 et saep.: eei, Inscr. Neap. 2423, 8: iei, C. I. L. 1, 185; Varr. L. L. 9, 1, 2 al.; but ī, Plaut. Trin. prol. 17; id. Mil. 3, 1, 158 al.; v. Ritschl prol. p. 98; gen. eum for eorum, Inscr. Murat. 582, 2; dat. and abl. eīs or iīs, also īs, C. I. L. 1, 198, 48; Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 140, and freq. in MSS.: eis, monosyl., Ter. And. 1, 1, 36; id. Eun. 5, 8, 59 al.; v. Lachm. ad Lucr. 4, 934: ieis, C. I. L. 1, 204, col. 1, 5 al.; old form also ībus, Plaut. Mil. 1, 74; id. Truc. 1, 2, 17: ĭbus, Titin. et Pomp. ap. Non. p. 486; Lucr. 2, 88; cf. S. C. ap. Gell. 4, 6, 2; v. Lachm. l. l.; f. eābus, Cato, R. R. 152; cf. Prisc. 7, 3, 11, p. 733; v. more on these forms, Neue, Formenl. 2, 191-196), pron. demonstr. [root i-; Sanscr. itas; hence, i-ha, here; cf. i-bi, i-ta, i-dem, etc.].

  1. I. He, she, it; this or that man, woman, thing.
    1. A. Referring to something already mentioned, in gen.
      1. 1. Referring to the third person: fuit quidam senex Mercator: navem is fregit apud Andrum insulam: Is obiit mortem, Ter. And. 1, 3, 16: venit mihi obviam tuus puer: is mihi litteras abs te reddidit, Cic. Att. 2, 1, 1: objecit ut probrum nobiliori, quod is, etc., id. Tusc. 1, 2, 3.
      2. 2. Of the first person: ego me credidi Homini docto rem mandare: is lapidi mando maxumo, Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 47: haec omnia is feci, qui sodalis Dolabellae eram, Cic. Fam. 12, 14; Sen. Ep. 63 al.
      3. 3. Of the second person: qui magister equitum fuisse tibi viderere, is per municipia cucurristi, Cic. Phil. 2, 30.
    2. B. Esp.
      1. 1. In connection with a noun: ea re, quia turpe sit, faciendum non esse, Cic. Off. 3, 13: ea res ut est Helvetiis enuntiata, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 4: ne ob eam rem tribueret, etc., id. ib. 1, 13: flumen est Arar … id flumen, etc., id. ib. 1, 12: sub id tempus, Liv. 43, 5: ejus disputationis sententias memoriae mandavi, Cic. Lael. 1, 3: ante eam diem, id. Att. 2, 11, 2: ea tempestate, Sall. C. 36, 4: quam urbem is rex condidit, Plin. 6, 17, 21, § 61.
      2. 2. When is, ea, id would stand in the same case with the relative it is usually omitted; when the relative precedes, it is sometimes employed for emphasis: male se res habet, cum, quod virtute effici debet, id temptatur pecuniā, Cic. Off. 2, 6, 22.
      3. 3. Connected with que and quidem, it gives prominence to a preceding idea: cum una legione eaque vacillante, and that, Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 31: inprimis nobis sermo isque multus de te fuit, id. Att. 5, 1, 3: tuus dolor humanus is quidem, sed, etc., id. ib. 12, 10: vincula et ea sempiterna, id. Cat. 4, 4, 7: certa flagitiis merces, nec ea parva, id. Phil. 2, 18, 44.
      4. 4. It is sometimes used instead of the reflexive pronoun: Helvetii persuadent Rauracis, ut una cum iis (for secum) proficiscantur, Caes. B. G. 1, 5: Caesar etiam privatas injurias ultus est, quod ejus soceri avum Tigurini interfecerant, id. ib. 1, 12.
      5. 5. It is sometimes placed, for greater emphasis, after a relative: multitudinem, quae fortunis vestris imminebat, eam … se fecisse commemorat, ut, etc., Cic. Mil. 35, 95; cf.: urbem novam conditam vi et armis, jure eam legibusque de integro condere parat, Liv. 1, 19, 1.
    3. C. Id, n., to designate an idea in the most general manner, that (thing, fact, thought, circumstance, etc.).
      1. 1. In gen.: quando verba vana ad id locorum fuerint, rebus standum esse, hitherto, till now, Liv. 9, 45, 2; so, ad id (sc. tempus), id. 3, 22: ad id diei, Gell. 17, 8: ad id quod natura cogeret, i. e. death, Nep. Att. 22, 2: id temporis, at that time, Cic. Mil. 10, 28; id. Cat. 4, 1, 10: id. Att. 13, 33: id aetatis, at that age, id. de Or. 1, 47; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 37, § 91.
      2. 2. Esp.
          1. (α) Id, therefore, for that reason, on that account: id ego gaudeo, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3: id misera maesta est, Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 66: idne estis auctores mihi? do you advise me to that? Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 16.
          2. (β) Id genus = ejus generis, Gell. 9, 12, 13: aliquid id genus scribere, Cic. Att. 13, 12, 3.
          3. (γ) Ad id, for that purpose: ad id quod sua quemque mala cogebant, evocati, Liv. 3, 7, 8: ad id quod = praeterquam quod, besides that: consul ad id, quod, etc., tunc quoque, etc., id. 44, 37, 12; 3, 62, 1; 26, 45, 8 al.
          4. (δ) In id, to that end, on that account, therefore: in id fide a rege accepta, Liv. 28, 17.
            (ε) In eo est, it is gone so far, is at that pass: quod ad me de Lentulo scribis, non est in eo, it is not come to that, is not so, Cic. Att. 12, 40: cum jam in eo esset, ut in muros evaderet miles, when the soldiers were just on the point of scaling the walls, Liv. 2, 17, 5; 28, 22, 8; Nep. Milt. 7, 3: in eo est, also, it consists in that, depends upon that: totum in eo est tectorium, ut sit concinnum, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 1, § 1: ejus omnis oratio versata est in eo, ut, etc., id. de Or. 1, 57, 254: sic velim enitare quasi in eo mihi sint omnia, id. Fam. 15, 14.
            (ζ) Ex eo, from that, hence: sed tamen ex eo, quod eam voluptatem videtur amplexari saepe vehementius, etc., Cic. Fin. 2, 9.
            (η) Cum eo, ut (with subj.), with the condition or stipulation that, etc., Liv. 8, 14.
            (θ) Eo, adverbially, with the comp., so much, by so much; but frequently to be expressed in English by the, Cic. Quint. 9; so id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5.
    4. D. Sometimes is refers to the foll. substantive, instead of to the preceding relative: quae vectigalia locasset, ea rata locatio (for eorum), Liv. 23, 11: ea libera conjectura est (for de hac re), id. 4, 20: quae pars major erit, eo stabitur consilio (for ejus), id. 7, 35: existit ea, quae gemma dicitur, Cic. de Sen. 15.
      Sometimes, for emphasis, it is placed before the relative quod, to represent a thought or clause: ratus, id quod negotium poscebat, Jugurtham venturum, Sall. J. 56, 1; id. C. 51, 20: sive ille hoc ingenio potuisset, sive, id quod constaret, Platonis studiosus audiendi fuisset, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 89: si nos, id quod debet, nostra patria delectat, id. ib. 1, 44, 196: si, id quod facile factu fuit, vi armisque superassem, id. Sest. 17, 39; 13, 30; so, id quo, id. Inv. 1, 26, 39: id de quo, Liv. 21, 10, 9.
      It is thus apparently pleonastic after substantives: Octavio Mamilio—is longe princeps Latini nominis erat … —ei Mamilio filiam nuptum dat, Liv. 1, 49, 9: cultrum, quem habebat, eum defigit, id. 1, 58, 11; cf. id. 3, 58, 1.
      It is rarely pleonastic after the relative: quod ne id facere posses, idcirco dixeram, Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 79 dub. (B. and K. bracket id).
  2. II. He, she, it; that man or the man (woman, thing), the one, that one, as a correlative to qui: si is, qui erit adductus, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 89, § 207: is mihi profecto servus spectatus satis, Cui dominus curae est, Ter. Ad. 5, 6, 5. And also in the first person: haec tibi scribo … is, qui flevi, Sen. Ep. 1.
  3. III. Such, of such a sort, character, or quality: in eum jam rediit locum, ut, etc., Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 118: neque enim tu is es, qui, quid sis, nescias, Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 6; 4, 7, 2: itaque ego is in illum sum, quem tu me esse vis, id. Att. 7, 8, 1: is eram natus … ut potuerim, Liv. 7, 40, 8.
    Adj.: nec tamen eas cenas quaero, ut magnae reliquiae fiant, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 8; id. Clu. 70: quae causae sunt ejus modi, ut de earum jure dubium esse non possit, id. de Or. 1, 57, 241: est enim credo is vir iste, ut civitatis nomen sua auctoritate sustineat, id. Fl. 15, 34.
    1. B. Such, so great, of so high a degree: L. Mescinius ea mecum consuetudine conjunctus est, quod mihi quaestor fuit, Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 1.
      Hence, advv.
      1. 1. ĕā (sc. parte, viā, etc.), on that side, by that way, there: quod eā proxime accedi poterat, Cic. Caecin. 8, 21: itinera muniit: effecit ut eā elephantus ornatus ire posset, quā antea, etc., Nep. Ham. 3 fin.: postquam comperit, transitum eā non esse, Liv. 21, 32, 9; 5, 43, 2; 24, 2 fin.; 26, 11 fin.; 27, 15 fin. al.
      2. 2. ĕō, v. 2. eo.