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vīvo, vixi, victum, 3 (pluperf. subj. syncop. vixet, Verg. A. 11, 118), v. n. [Sanscr. giv-, givami, live; Gr. βίος, life; Goth. quius, living; Germ. quicken; Engl. quick], to live, be alive, have life (syn. spiro).

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen.: Ca. Eho, tua uxor quid agit? Me. Immortalis est. Vivit victuraque est, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 18: valet atque vivit (gnatus), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 21: nemo’st hominum qui vivat minus, id. Eun. 4, 6, 19; id. Ad. 3, 2, 34: vivere ac spirare, Cic. Sest. 50, 108: is demum mihi vivere atque frui animā videtur, qui, etc., Sall. C. 2, 9.
      With acc. of time: et pueri annos octingentos vivont … Quin mille annorum perpetuo vivont ab saeclo ad saeclum, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 85; 4, 2, 87: Nemo est tam senex, qui se annum non putat posse vivere, Cic. Sen. 7, 24: vixi Annos bis centum, Ov. M. 12, 187: Aufidius vixit ad summam senectutem, Cic. Brut. 48, 179: ad centesimum annum, id. Sen. 6, 19: ad vesperum, id. ib. 19, 67: triginta annis, id. Off. 3, 2, 8: negat Epicurus, jucunde posse vivi, nisi cum virtute vivatur, live pleasantly unless we live virtuously, id. Tusc. 3, 20, 49.
      Subst.: vīventes, ium, the living (opp. mortui), Lact. 5, 19, 25; 5, 3, 25.
      With a homogeneous object: modice et modeste melius est vitam vivere, Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 18; cf. Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 47, § 118; id. Clu. 61, 170: tamne tibi diu videor vitam vivere? Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 34: Bacchanalia vivunt, Juv. 2, 3.
      Pass.: nunc tertia vivitur aetas, Ov. M. 12, 187.
      Transf., of things: et vivere vitem et mori dicimus, Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 39; cf. id. Tusc. 1, 24, 56: saepes, Varr. R. R. 1, 14, 2: oleae, Plin. 16, 44, 90, § 241: cinis, Ov. R. Am. 732: ignes, id. F. 3, 427: picturatum opus, lives, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 589.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. 1. To survive, be still alive (mostly in secondary tenses): quas inimicitias si tam cavere potuisset, quam metuere solebat, viveret, would be still alive, Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17: is jam pridem mortuus est: si viveret, verba ejus audiretis, id. ib. 14, 42: Mustius dixisset, si viveret, id. Verr. 2, 1, 53, § 139: si viveret Hortensius cetera fortasse desideraret, id. Brut. 2, 6: si viveret, mihi cum illo nulla contentio jam maneret, id. Att. 14, 13, B, 4; id. Fam. 12, 1, 1: dixisti paulum tibi esse etiam nunc morae, quod ego viverem, id. Cat. 1, 4, 9; cf. id. Red. Quir. 4, 10: utinam L. Caesar valeret, Serv. Sulpicius viveret, id. Phil. 8, 7, 22: constitueram, neminem includere in dialogos eorum, qui viverent, id. Att. 13, 19, 3: divinat enim, quae futura fuerint, si Philippus vixisset, Liv. 41, 24, 4; cf.: quid Philippus, si vixisset, facturus fuerit, id. 41, 24, 5: qui censor fuisset, vetustissimusque ex iis, qui viverent, censoriis esset, id. 23, 22, 10; cf.: hic tamen vivit. Vivit? Immo vero etiam in senatum venit, Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 2: vivis; et vivis non ad deponendam sed ad confirmandam audaciam, id. ib. 1, 2, 4.
      2. 2. Euphemistically, vixit, he is done with life, he is dead: vixisse nimio satiu’st jam quam vivere, Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 43; cf. id. Most. 4, 3, 10.
      3. 3. Ita vivam, as true as I live, as a formula of asseveration: nam, ita vivam, putavi, Cic. Fam. 2, 13, 3; 2, 16, 20; id. Att. 5, 15, 2; Sen. Ep. 82, 11 al.
      4. 4. Ne vivam si, may I not live if, may I die if; as a form of asseveration: quid poteris, inquies, pro iis dicere? Ne vivam, si scio, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 8; id. Fam. 7, 23 fin.
      5. 5. Si vivo, if I live, a formula of menacing: erit ubi te ulciscar, si vivo, Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 26; id. Cas. 1, 1, 27; Ter. And. 5, 2, 25; id. Eun. 5, 5, 20.
      6. 6. In the phrases,
        1. a. Alicui vivere, to live for a person: haec qui misit, non sibi soli postulat Te vivere et suā causā excludi ceteros, Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 28; cf.: si tibi soli viveres, Cic. Marcell. 8, 25; cf.: secum vivere, II. B. infra.
        2. b. In diem vivere, from hand to mouth, for the present hour, Cic. de Or. 2, 40, 169; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 33; id. Phil. 2, 34, 86; cf.: hi, qui in horam viverent, id. ib. 5, 9, 25.
        3. c. De lucro vivere, a life that is clear gain, i. e. at the mercy of another, Cic. Fam. 9, 17, 1.
    3. C. Pregn.
      1. 1. To live well, live at ease, enjoy life: quod me cohortaris ad ambitionem et ad laborem, faciam quidem: sed quando vivemus? Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 12: vivite lurcones, comedones, vivite ventres, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 11, 8; Varr. ib. p. 156, 13; Cat. 5, 1; Hor. C. 3, 29, 43; id. Ep. 1, 6, 66.
        Hence, in bidding farewell: vive valeque, Hor. S. 2, 5, 110; id. Ep. 1, 6, 67 al.; cf.: vivite, silvae, fare ye well, Verg. E. 8, 58.
      2. 2. Like our to live, for to last, endure, remain, be remembered (mostly poet.): vivet extento Proculeius aevo … Illum aget Fama superstes, Hor. C. 2, 2, 5: per omnia saecula famā vivam, Ov. M. 15, 879: mea semper gloria vivet, Cic. poët. ap. Gell. 15, 6, 3: tacitum vivit sub pectore vulnus, Verg. A. 4, 67: spirat adhuc amor Vivuntque commissi calores Aeoliae fidibus puellae, Hor. C. 4, 9, 11; cf. id. ib. 1, 32, 3: carmina, id. Ep. 1, 19, 2: scripta, Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 25: das nostro nomen victurum amori, id. Am. 3, 1, 65: odia, Stat. Th. 12, 441: mihi quidem Scipio, quamquam est subito ereptus, vivit tamen semperque vivet, Cic. Lael. 27, 102: vivit vivetque semper, atque etiam latius in memoriā hominum et sermone versabitur, postquam ab oculis recessit, Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 11; Sen. Ben. 3, 5, 2.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. To live on any thing or in any manner, i. e. to support life; to sustain or maintain one’s self: stirpibus palmarum vivere, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 50, § 131: piscibus atque ovis avium vivere, Caes. B. G. 4, 10 fin.: lacte atque pecore, id. ib. 4, 1; 5, 14: cortice ex arboribus, id. B. C. 3, 49: coriis herbisque et radicibus vivere, Liv. 23, 30, 3: herbis Vivis et urticā, Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 8: siliquis et pane secundo, id. ib. 2, 1, 123: parvo, id. S. 2, 2, 1: rapto, Verg. A. 7, 749: de vestro, Plaut. Truc. 5, 61: misere, id. Aul. 2, 4, 36: parcius, Hor. S. 1, 3, 49: suaviter, id. Ep. 1, 8, 4: bene, id. ib. 1, 6, 56; 1, 11, 29: rapto, Liv. 7, 25, 13; 27, 12, 5: verbum vivere quidam putant ad cibum pertinere, Dig. 50, 16, 234.
      Impers. pass.: vivitur ex rapto, Ov. M. 1, 144.
      Trop.: (sunt) in eo studia illa nostra, quibus antea delectabamur, nunc etiam vivimus, Cic. Fam. 13, 28, a, 2.
    2. B. To live, i. e. to pass one’s life, to reside, dwell, be in any place or manner (cf.: vitam dego): Rhodi, Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 4: extra urbem, id. Brut. 74, 258: Cypri, Nep. Chabr. 3, 4: in litteris vivere, Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 1; id. Sen. 11, 38: in maximā celebritate atque in oculis civium, id. Off. 3, 1, 3: in paupertate, id. Part. Or. 18, 63: in humilitate, Lact. 7, 9, 17: cum timore, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 3: unis moribus et numquam mutatis legibus, Cic. Fl. 26, 63: e naturā, id. Fin. 3, 20, 68: convenienter naturae, id. ib. 3, 7, 26; id. Off. 3, 3, 13: valde familiariter cum aliquo, id. Att. 6, 6, 2; cf.: Hirtius vivit habitatque cum Balbo, id. ib. 14, 20, 4: cum Pansā vixi in Pompeiano, id. ib.: ecquis me vivit hodie fortunatior? Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 1: ego vivo miserrimus, Cic. Att. 3, 5: viveret in terris te si quis avarior uno, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 157: illā sorte Contentus vivat, id. S. 1, 1, 3.
      Prov.: secum vivere, to live for one’s self, care only for one’s self, Cic. Sen. 14, 49.
      Impers. pass.: quoniam vivitur non cum perfectis hominibus, sed, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 15, 46.

vīvus, a, um (sup. vivissimus, cited without example by Fest. p. 379 Müll.), adj. [vivo], alive, living, that has life.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. Adj.
      1. 1. Of living beings: qui cum tantum ausus sit ustor pro mortuo, quid signifer pro vivo non esset ausus? In curiam potissimum abjecit, ut eam mortuus incenderet, quam vivus everterat, Cic. Mil. 33, 90: quorum (simulacrorum) contexta viminibus membra vivis hominibus complent, Caes. B. G. 6, 16: adeo ut Cato vix vivus effugeret, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15; id. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 189; 2, 4, 40, § 87: si Jugurtham vivom aut necatum sibi tradidisset, Sall. J. 61, 5: doctus eris vivam (gallinam) musto mersare Falerno, Hor. S. 2, 4, 19: quamquam ea Tatio sic erant descripta vivo, tamen eo interfecto multo etiam magis, etc., in the lifetime of Tatius, Cic. Rep. 2, 8, 14: tantum illo vivo, Hirt. B. G. 8, 21 fin.: cum leges duo ex unā familiā, vivo utroque, magistratus creari vetarent, Caes. B. G. 7, 33; cf. also: Cato affirmat, se vivo illum non triumphaturum, as long as he lived, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 2; so, me vivo, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 15; id. Most. 1, 3, 73: vivā me, id. Bacch. 3, 4, 17.
        So the phrase vivus vidensque, before his very eyes: huic acerbissimum vivo videntique funus ducitur, Cic. Quint. 15, 50; cf.: ille Cyprius miser … vivus (ut aiunt) est et videns cum victu ac vestitu suo publicatus, id. Sest. 27, 59; cf.: et prudens sciens, Vivos vidensque pereo, Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 28.
        Subst.: vīvus, i, m., a living man: cum is, cui forma mortui, fortunae vivi commendatae sunt, ignominiā mortuum, inopiā vivum adfecerit, is inter honestos homines atque adeo inter vivos numerabitur? Cic. Rosc. Am. 39, 113.
      2. 2. Of things concr. and abstr.: saepes, Col. 11, 3, 3: caespes, Ov. M. 4, 301: harundo, id. ib. 13, 891: virga, id. ib. 4, 744: radix, id. ib. 14, 713: aqua, running, Varr. L. L. 5, § 123 Müll.; so, flumen, Liv. 1, 45; Verg. A. 2, 719: lacus, id. G. 2, 469: ros, fresh, Ov. F. 4, 778: lucernae, burning, Hor. C. 3, 21, 23: lapis, flint, Plin. 36, 19, 30, § 138: sulphur, native, id. 35, 15, 50, § 175: linum, asbestos-cloth, id. 19, 1, 4, § 19; Cels. 5, 18, 13: calx, unslacked, Vitr. 8, 7; Plin. 29, 3, 11, § 51: saxum, living, natural, unwrought, Verg. A. 1, 167: pumex, Ov. F. 2, 315: argentum, quicksilver, mercury, Plin. 33, 6, 32, § 99: vultus, i. e. alive with expression, or, as we say, speaking, Verg. A. 6, 848.
        So of statues and images: vidi artes veterumque manus variisque metalla viva modis, Stat. S. 1, 3, 48: vox, living, i. e. oral discourse, Cic. Agr. 2, 2, 4; Quint. 2, 2, 8; Sen. Ep. 6, 4; 33, 9; Plin. Ep. 2, 3, 9 al.: cujus facta viva nunc vigent, living, Naev. ap. Gell. 6, 8, 5: animus, lively, Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 17: pectus, Arn. 3, 6.
    2. B. Subst.: vīvum, i, n., lit., that which is alive; hence,
      1. 1. Ad vivum resecare, to cut to the quick, cut very deep: extrema pars ipsius unguis ad vivum resecatur, Col. 6, 12, 3 (cf. in the adj.: vulnera circumcidere ad vivas usque partes, Plin. 28, 10, 43, § 156): calor ad vivum adveniens, Liv. 22, 17, 2.
        Trop.: hoc primum sentio, nisi in bonis amicitiam esse non posse: neque id ad vivum reseco, ut illi, qui haec subtilius disserunt, i. e. I do not wish to be understood in too strict a sense, Cic. Lael. 5, 18.
      2. 2. De vivo detrahere or resecare aliquid, to give or take away from the capital: dat de lucro: nihil detraxit de vivo, Cic. Fl. 37, 91: de vivo igitur erat aliquid resecandum, ut esset, unde, etc., id. Verr. 2, 3, 50, § 118.
  2. II. Transf., lively, ardent (only post-Aug. and very rare): vivus et ingenuus animus, Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 17: vivi pectoris homo, Arn. 3, 103.
    Adv.: vīvē, in a lively manner, very: vive sapis, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 100 Jacob. (dub.).