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sŭb-ĕo, ĭi, ĭtum, īre (perf. subīvit, Ov. F. 1, 314; Stat. S. 2, 1, 155: subivimus, Claud. ap. Tac. A. 11, 24 dub.), v. n. and a., to come or go under any thing; to come or go up to, to approach, draw near, advance or proceed to a place; to come or go on; to follow, succeed; to go down, sink; to come up, spring up (cf. succedo).

  1. I. Neutr.
    1. A. Lit.
      1. 1. In gen.: subire sub falas, Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 10: in nemoris latebras, Ov. M. 4, 601; cf.: in aliquem locum, to enter, Auct. B. Alex. 74, 4: in adversum Romani subiere, Liv. 1, 12, 1: in adversos montes, id. 41, 18, 11: testudine factā subeunt, advance, Caes. B. G. 7, 85, 7: Albani subiere ad montes, Liv. 1, 28, 5: subire ad portam castrorum, id. 34, 16, 2; cf.: ad urbem subeunt, id. 31, 45, 4; 39, 27, 10; 36, 19, 1; and: subeundum erat ad hostes, id. 2, 31, 4: ad tecta subibant, Verg. A. 8, 359.
        With dat.: muro subibant, Verg. A. 7, 161; so, muro, id. ib. 9, 371: portu Chaonio (with accedere urbem), id. ib. 3, 292: luco, id. ib. 8, 125: dumis, Sil. 5, 283: ingenti feretro, Verg. A. 6, 222: age cervici inponere nostrae: Ipse subibo umeris, id. ib. 2, 708: per vices subeunt elephanti, Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23: pone subit conjux, follows, Verg. A. 2, 725; so Val. Fl. 4, 197; cf.: dexterae alae sinistra subiit, Liv. 27, 2, 7: subeuntis alii aliis in custodiam, id. 25, 37, 6; and: subiit argentea proles, Ov. M. 1, 114: subit ipse meumque Explet opus, succeeds me, takes my place, id. ib. 3, 648: Volscus saxa objacentia pedibus ingerit in subeuntes, climbing, Liv. 2, 65, 4: vel eodem amne vel Euphrate subire eos posse, i. e. sail up stream, Curt. 9, 10, 3; cf.: adverso amne Babylona subituros, id. 10, 1, 16.
        1. b. Of things: stamen a stando: subtemen, quod subit stamini, Varr. L. L. 5, § 113 Müll.: cum luna sub orbem solis subisset, Liv. 37, 4, 4: tertio die mixtum flumini subibat mare, Curt. 9, 9, 7: venae nonnumquam incipiente febre subeunt, the pulse sinks, Cels. 3, 6 med.: subeunt herbae, come up, spring up, Verg. G. 1, 180; so, barba, i. e. sprouts, grows, Mart. 7, 83, 2: subisse aquam in caelum, Plin. 31, 3, 21, § 32.
      2. 2. In partic., to come on secretly, to advance or approach stealthily, to steal upon, steal into (poet.), Prop. 1, 9, 26; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 6; id. A. A. 1, 742.
    2. B. Trop.
      1. 1. In gen., to come in, succeed, take place; to enter stealthily, come secretly or by degrees: in quarum locum subierunt inquilinae impietas, perfidia, impudentia, Varr. ap. Non. 403, 27: fugere pudor verumque fidesque: In quorum subiere locum fraudesque dolique, Ov. M. 1, 130: pulchra subit facies, id. ib. 14, 827: subit ecce priori Causa recens, id. ib. 3, 259: an subit (amor) et tacitā callidus arte nocet? id. Am. 1, 2, 6: subeunt morbi tristisque senectus, Verg. G. 3, 67: namque graves morbi subeunt segnisque senectus, Nemes. Cyn. 117; cf.: duo pariter subierunt incommoda, arise, come up, Quint. 5, 10, 100: ne subeant animo taedia justa tuo, Ov. P. 4, 15, 30: regio, quā vero ipsa subit ad Medos, approaches, Plin. 6, 26, 29, § 115.
      2. 2. In partic., to come into the mind, to occur, suggest itself: omnes sententiae verbaque omnia sub acumen stili subeant et succedant necesse est, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 151: cum in loca aliqua post tempus reversi sumus, quae in his fecerimus, reminiscimur personaeque subeunt, Quint. 11, 2, 17: cum subeant audita aut cognita nobis, Ov. M. 15, 307: subit umbra, id. ib. 12, 591: subeunt illi fratresque parensque, id. ib. 11. 542: subiit cari genitoris imagosubiit deserta Creusa Et direpta domus et parvi casus Iuli, Verg. A. 2, 560 sq.; Tac. A. 1, 13: subeant animo Latmia saxa tuo, Ov. H. 18, 62: ne subeant animo taedia, id. P. 4, 15, 30: quantum subire animo sustinueris, tantum tecum auferas, to grasp with the mind, Val. Max. 3, 3, ext. 7.
          1. (β) Subit, with subj.- or rel.-clause (poet. and in postAug. prose), Ov. M. 2, 755: quo magis ac magis admirari subit, Plin. 12, prooem. § 2; 35, 7, 31, § 49: misereri sortis humanae subit, id. 25, 3, 7, § 23: quid sim, quid fuerimque subit, Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 38.
  2. II. Act.
    1. A. Lit.
      1. 1. In gen., to come or go under, to enter; to submit to; to approach, etc.: exercitatissimi in armis, qui inter annos XIV. tectum non subissent, had not come under a roof, Caes. B. G. 1, 36: tecta, Quint. 2, 16, 6; Ov. M. 6, 669: jam subeunt Triviae lucos atque aurea tecta, Verg. A. 6, 13: limina victor Alcides subiit, id. ib. 8, 363: domos, Ov. M. 1, 121: penates, id. ib. 5, 650: macra cavum repetes artum, quem macra subisti, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 33: cum novies subiere paludem, had plunged under, Ov. M. 15, 358; id. F. 1, 314: et juncti currum dominae subiere leones, Verg. A. 3, 313: leones jugum subeant, Plin. 10, 45, 62, § 128: asellus gravius dorso subiit onus, i. e. submits to, receives, Hor. S. 1, 9, 21: subire iniquissimum locum, Caes. B. G. 2, 27: iniquum locum, Auct. B. Alex. 76, 2; id. B. Hisp. 24, 3: collem, to go up, mount, climb, scale, Hirt. B. G. 8, 15: consules utrimque aciem subeuntium jam muros adgrediuntur, Liv. 7, 12, 3: muros, id. 27, 18: impositum saxis Anxur, Hor. S. 1, 5, 25: si subeuntur prospera castra, Juv. 16, 2 et saep.: perfurit, Fadumque Herbesumque subit, comes up to, attacks, assails, Verg. A. 9, 344; cf.: interim fallendus est judex et variis artibus subeundus, Quint. 4, 5, 5: precibus commota Tonantem Juno subit, approaches, Stat. Th. 9, 510: subit ille minantem, id. ib. 8, 84: Aeneae mucronem, Verg. A. 10, 798: qui procul hostium conspectu subibant aquam, Curt. 4, 13, 10: Hispo subit juvenes, i. e. paedicat, Juv. 2, 50.
        1. b. Of things: umbra subit terras, Ov. M. 11, 61: quos (lucos) aquae subeunt et aurae, enter, Hor. C. 3, 4, 8: montes Trasimenus, Liv. 22, 4, 2: litora pelagus, Mel. praef. 2: mare quod Ciliciam subit, Curt. 7, 3, 19: radices (petrae) Indus amnis subit, id. 8, 11, 7: clarus subit Alba Latinum, succeeds, Ov. M. 14, 612 (al. clarus subit ecce Latinum Epytus); cf. id. ib. 1, 114: furcas subiere columnae, come into the place of, succeed, id. ib. 8, 700: aqua subit altitudinem exortus sui, rises to, reaches, Plin. 31, 6, 31, § 57: lunamque deficere cum aut terram subiret aut sole premeretur, Curt. 4, 10, 5.
      2. 2. In partic., to approach secretly, to steal upon or into (cf. supra, I. A. 2.): multi Nomine divorum thalamos subiere pudicos, Ov. M. 3, 282: subit furtim lumina fessa sopor, id. H. 19, 56.
    2. B. Trop.
      1. 1. In gen. (very rare): sera deinde poenitentia subiit regem, came upon, overtook, Curt. 3, 2, 19.
      2. 2. In partic.
        1. a. To come into, enter, occur to one’s mind (cf. supra, I. B. 2.): deinde cogitatio animum subiit, indignum esse, etc., Liv. 36, 20: ut beneficiorum memoria subiret animos patrum, id. 37, 49, 3: spes animum subibat deflagrare iras vestras posse, id. 40, 8, 9: otiosum animum aliae cogitationes, Quint. 11, 2, 33: majora intellectu animos non subibunt, id. 1, 2, 28: mentem subit, quo praemia facto, etc., Ov. M. 12, 472; 7, 170: subit ergo regem verecundia, Curt. 5, 2, 15: me recordantem miseratio, Plin. Ep. 3, 7, 10: feminas voluptas, id. Pan. 22, 3: horum cogitatio subibat exercitum, Curt. 7, 1, 4.
        2. b. To follow in speech, interrupt, answer (post-class. and rare): dicturum plura parentem Voce subis, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 352: subit ille loquentem talibus, id. Cons. Mall. Theod. 173; id. Rapt. Pros. 3, 133.
        3. c. (The figure taken from stooping under a load, under blows, etc.) To subject one’s self to, take upon one’s self an evil; to undergo, submit to, sustain, endure, suffer it (class.; a favorite expression of Cic.): omnes terrores periculaque omnia succurram atque subibo, Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31: omnia tela intenta in patriam subire atque excipere, id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23; cf.: quis est non ultro appetendus, subeundus, excipiendus dolor? id. Tusc. 2, 5, 14: subire vim atque injuriam, id. Prov. Cons. 17, 41: inimicitiae sunt: subeantur, id. Verr. 2, 5, 71, § 182: maximas rei publicae tempestates, id. Mur. 2, 4: invidiam, pericula, tempestates, id. Fam. 15, 4, 12: nefarias libidinum contumelias turpitudinesque, id. Pis. 35, 86: potentiam, victoriam, id. Fam. 6, 1, 6: contumeliarum verbera, id. Rep. 1, 5, 9: majora Verbera, Hor. S. 1, 3, 120: non praecipuam, sed parem cum ceteris fortunae condicionem, Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7: fortunam, id. Fam. 14, 5, 1: judicium multitudinis imperitae, id. Fl. 1, 2: odium eorum, id. Att. 11, 17, 2: usum omnium, id. de Or. 1, 34, 157: aliquid invidiae aut criminis, id. N. D. 3, 1, 3: quemque casum, id. Att. 8, 1, 3: quamvis carnificinam, id. Tusc. 5, 27, 78: dupli poenam, id. Off. 3, 16, 65: legis vim, id. Caecin. 34, 100: summae crudelitatis famam, id. Cat. 4, 6, 12; cf.: minus sermonis, id. Att. 11, 6, 2: poenam exsilii, Val. Max. 6, 5, 3: simultates, Plin. Ep. 2, 18, 5: offensas, id. ib. 13, 9, 26: periculum, Vulg. 2 Macc. 11, 7: jam tum peregrinos ritus novā subeunte fortunā, Curt. 4, 6, 29.
          With inf., to attempt, try, undertake: adversa tela pellere, Stat. S. 5, 2, 105: clavum torquere, Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 46.
          Hence, sŭbĭtus, a, um, P. a., that has come on suddenly or unexpectedly, i. e. sudden, unexpected (freq. and class.; cf.: repens, improvisus): res subita, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 23: in rebus tam subitis, Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 2: maris subita tempestas, id. Tusc. 3, 22, 52: subita et improvisa formido, id. Prov. Cons. 18, 43: laetitia, etc., Auct. Her. 1, 8, 13: subita pugna, non praeparata, Quint. 7, 1, 35: ut sunt Gallorum subita et repentina consilia, Caes. B. G. 3, 8: novae rei ac subitae admiratio, Liv. 2, 2: bellum, Caes. B. G. 3, 7: incursiones hostium, Hirt. B. G. 8, 11: ministeria belli, Liv. 4, 27: imbres, Lucr. 5, 216: vis, id. 1, 286; 4, 1210: res, id. 6, 1282: mors, Quint. 7, 2, 14: casus, id. 10, 3, 3; Suet. Aug. 73: tristia, Val. Max. 1, 6, 12: silentium, Quint. 12, 5, 3: miles, hastily collected (opp. vetus expertusque; syn. subitarius), Tac. H. 4, 76; cf.: aqua mulsa subita ac recens (opp. inveterata), Plin. 22, 24, 51, § 110: imagines non subitae, not newly sprung up, i. e. old, ancient, Plin. Ep. 8, 10, 3: homo, rash, Cic. Pis. Fragm. 5: clivi, sudden, i. e. steep, Stat. Th. 6, 258.
          Esp., = subito (post-Aug.): non percussor ille subitus erumpet? Quint. 6, 2, 31; so, manūs dux Trapezuntem subitus irrupit, Tac. H. 3, 47: subitum inopinatumque venisse, Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 3: evadere, Flor. 4, 2, 59.
      3. 2. As subst.: sŭbĭtum, i. n., a sudden or unexpected thing, a sudden occurrence, etc.: Lesbonicum foras evocate: ita subitum’st, propere eum conventum volo, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 51; cf.: subitum est ei remigrare, Cic. Fam. 13, 2: si tibi subiti nihil est, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 36: in subito, Plin. 7, 44, 45, § 143.
        In plur.: ut subitis ex tempore occurrant, Quint. 10, 7, 30; cf.: etiam fortes viros subitis terreri, Tac. A. 15, 59: quamvis non deficeretur ad subita extemporali facultate, Suet. Aug. 84: si repentina ac subita dominantur, Sen. Ep. 16, 6: sive meditata sive subita proferret, whether he spoke after deliberation or off-hand, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 2.
        With gen.: ad subita rerum, Liv. 9, 43: ad subita belli, id. 6, 32; 25, 15, 20; Flor. 1, 1, 11.
        1. b. Adverb., suddenly, unexpectedly: per subitum erumpit clamor, Sil. 10, 505; so, per subitum, id. 7, 594; 8, 628; 12, 654; 14, 330; 15, 145; 15, 404: in subitum, id. 7, 527: ad subitum, Cassiod. Var. praef. med.
          Hence, adv.: sŭbĭtō, suddenly, unexpectedly (freq. and class.; cf.: repente, extemplo, ilico): ut subito, ut propere, ut valide tonuit! Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 10; cf. id. Curc. 2, 3, 4: nova res subito mihi haec objecta est, id. Ps. 2, 2, 7: ita abripuit repente sese subito, id. Mil. 2, 2, 21: subito tanta te impendent mala, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 2: cum tot bella subito atque improviso nascantur, Cic. Font. 19, 42: ex oculis subito fugit, Verg. G. 4, 499: cum subito ecce, Cic. Caecin. 10, 30: ut subito nostras Hymen cantatus ad aures Venit, Ov. H. 12, 137; Curt. 9, 9, 19: subito deficere, Quint. 7, 2, 14: quod serenā nocte subito candens et plena luna defecisset, Cic. Rep. 1, 15, 23: tantus subito timor omnem exercitum occupavit, Caes. B. G. 1, 39: subito opprimi, Liv. 41, 3: si vespertinus subito te oppresserit hospes, Hor. S. 2, 4, 17 et. saep.: subito dicere, without preparation, extempore, Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150: quod vox et gestus subito sumi non potest, id. ib. 1, 59, 252: neque potest quisquam nostrum subito fingi, id. Sull. 25, 69: aliquid subito ex tempore conjectura explicare, id. Div. 1, 33, 72; so, dicere, Quint. 10, 3, 30; 11, 3, 12: inventa (opp. domo allata), id. 4, 5, 4: cum subito evaserunt, Col. 9, 9, 3: tam subito copias contrahere non potuit, so quickly, Nep. Dat. 7, 3.

sŭbĭtum, i, n., v. subitus, 2. s. v. subeo fin.