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adversārĭa, ōrum, see the foll. art. I.

adversārĭus, a, um, adj. [adversus].

  1. I. Turned toward one or lying before one’s eyes; hence, adversārĭa, ōrum (sc. scripta), in mercantile language, a book at hand in which all matters are entered temporarily as they occur, a waste-book, day-book, journal, memoranda, etc.: Quid est quod neglegenter scribamus adversaria? quid est. quod diligenter conficiamus tabulas? Qua de causa? Quia haec sunt menstrua, illae sunt aeternae: haec delentur statim, illae servantur sancte, etc., Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 5 and 7.
  2. II. Standing opposite or opposed to one, as an antagonist, in any kind of contest, in which the contending parties may be the best friends, e. g. in elections, auctions, discussions, etc. (cf. Doed. Syn. 4, 395; in gen., only of persons, while contrarius is used of things, Front. Differ. 2198 P.).
    1. A. Adj.: tribunus seditiosis adversarius, Cic. Clu. 34, 94: vis juri adversaria, id. Caecin. 2: opinio oratori, id. de Or. 2, 37: duces, id. Phil. 3, 8: populus, adversarius, invidus etiam potentiae, in hostile opposition to those in power, Nep. Timoth. 3: factio, id. Phoc. 3: frater, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 63 al.
    2. B. Subst.: adversārĭus, i, m., an antagonist, opponent, adversary, an enemy, rival (the most usual class. signif. of the word): valentiorem nactus adversarium, Plaut. Capt. prol. 64: injuria adversariūm, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 14; cf. id. Ad. prol. 2: tribuni plebis illius adversarii, defensores mei, Cic. Mil. 15; so id. Quint. 2; id. Vatin. 1; id. Har. Resp. 16, 24; Nep. Dion. 7; Hor. S. 1, 9, 75.
      Of wrestlers and other athletæ: pugiles etiam cum feriunt adversarium … ingemiscunt, Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 56; also, in auctions, of opposing bidders: res major est quam facultates nostrae praesertim adversario et cupido et locuplete, Cic. Att. 12, 43; cf. id. ib. 13, 31.
      In Cic. also in the fem.: adversārĭa, ae: est tibi gravis adversaria constituta et parata, incredibilis quaedam exspectatio, id. Fam. 2, 4, 2; and in the neutr. plur.: adversārĭa, ōrum, the arguments, assertions of the antagonist, Cic. Or. 35, 122.
      Note: The histt. more freq. than Cic. and Hor. use adversarius like hostis for an enemy in war: adversarios in fuga esse, Nep. Them. 4: multitudo adversariorum, id. Dat. 6: montem occupat, ne forte cedentibus adversariis receptui foret, Sall. J. 50; Suet. Caes. 30, 36, 68; id. Dom. 1; Curt. 3, 11; Vulg. Deut. 20, 4; Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 75, 8; 69, 2; cf. advosem in Fest. p. 25 Müll.

adversātĭo, ōnis, f. [adversor], an opposing, opposition, Tert. adv. Gnost. 5; id. de Pudic. 15.

adversātīvus, a, um, adj. [adversor], adversative; in gram.: conjunctiones adversativae, which have an adversative signif. as opp. to each other, as tamen, quamquam, etsi, etiamsi, etc., Prisc. 1030 P.; while quamquam, etsi, etc., we now designate as concessive in relation to tamen.

* adversātor, ōris, m. [adversor], one who opposes a thing, an opponent: adversator malis, App. de Deo Socrat. p. 44.

adversātrix (archaic advor-), īcis, f. [adversator], a female antagonist or adversary (in Plaut. and Ter., and then again in Tert.): nunc assentatrix, dudum advorsatrix, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 100; Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 4; Tert. de Anim. 31: quin tu in ea re mihi fueris advorsatrix.

adversātus, a um, Part. of adversor.

ad-verto (archaic advor-), ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn a thing to or toward a place (in this signif., without animus; mostly poet.; syn.: observare, animadvertere, videre, cognoscere).

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen., with in or dat.: illa sese huc advorterat in hanc nostram plateam, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 51: in quamcunque domus lumina partem, Ov. M. 6, 180; cf. id. ib. 8, 482: malis numen, Verg. A. 4, 611: huc aures, huc, quaeso, advertite sensus, Sil. 16, 213; cf. id. 6, 105.
    2. B. Esp., a naut. t. t., to turn, direct, steer a ship to a place: classem in portum, Liv. 37, 9 Drak.: terrae proras, Verg. A. 7, 35; id. G. 4, 117 al.: Colchos puppim, Ov. H. 12, 23.
      Absol.: profugi advertere coloni, landed, Sil. 1, 288; hence also transf. to other things: aequore cursum, Verg. A. 7, 196: pedem ripae, id. ib. 6, 386: urbi agmen, id. ib. 12, 555: adverti with acc. poet. for verti ad: Scythicas advertitur oras, Ov. M. 5, 649 (cf. adducor litora remis, id. ib. 3, 598, and Rudd. II. p. 327).
  2. II. Fig.
    1. A. Animum (in the poets and Livy also animos, rarely mentem) advertere; absol., or with adv. or ad aliquid, or alicui rei, to direct the mind, thoughts, or attention to a thing, to advert to, give attention to, attend to, to heed, observe, remark: si voles advortere animum, Enn. ap. Var. L. L. 7, § 89 Müll. (Trag. v. 386 Vahl.): facete advortis animum tuum ad animum meum, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 39: nunc huc animum advortite ambo, id. ib. 3, 1, 169: advertunt animos ad religionem, Lucr. 3, 54: monitis animos advertite nostris, Ov. M. 15, 140: animum etiam levissimis rebus adverterent, Tac. A. 13, 49.
      With ne, when the object of attention is expressed: ut animum advertant, ne quos offendant, Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68: adverterent animos, ne quid novi tumultūs oriretur, Liv. 4, 45.
    2. B. Animum advertere, to observe a thing by directing the mind to it, to observe, to notice, to remark, to perceive (in the class. period contracted to animadvertere, q. v.).
      Constr. with two accusatives, animum advertere aliquid (where aliquid may be regarded as depending on the prep. in comp., Roby, § 1118, or on animum advertere, considered as one idea, to observe), with acc. and inf., or rel. clause (the first mode of construction, most frequent with the pronouns id, hoc, illud, etc., is for the most part ante-class., and appears in Caes., Cic., and Sall. as an archaism): et hoc animum advorte, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 43: hanc edictionem, id. ib. 1, 2, 10: haec animum te advertere par est, Lucr. 2, 125: animum adverti columellam e dumis eminentem, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 65; id. Inv. 2, 51, 153: Postquam id animum advertit, Caes. B. G. 1, 24; 4, 12: quidam Ligus animum advortit inter saxa repentīs cocleas, Sall. J. 93, 2. In Vitruv. once with hinc: ut etiam possumus hinc animum advertere, as we can hence perceive, Vitr. 10, 22, 262.
      With the acc. and inf.: postquam tantopere id vos velle animum advorteram, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 16: animum advertit magnas esse copiashostium instructas, Caes. B. G. 5, 18: cum animum adverteret locum relictum esse, Auct. B. Alex. 31; ib. 46.
      With the rel. clause: nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso, animum advortite, Ter. And. prol. 8: quid ille sperare possit, animum adverte, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9: quam multarum rerum ipse ignarus esset … animum advertit, Liv. 24, 48. Sometimes advertere alone = animum advertere; so once in Cicero’s letters: nam advertebatur Pompeii familiares assentiri Volcatio, Fam. 1, 1 (although here, as well as almost everywhere, the readings fluctuate between advertere and animadvertere; cf. Orell. ad h. l.; animadvertebatur, B. and K.). So Verg. in the imp.: qua ratione quod instat, Confieri possit, paucis, adverte, docebo, attend! Verg. A. 4, 115.
      In the histt., esp. Tac. and Pliny, more frequently: donec advertit Tiberius, Tac. A. 4, 54: Zenobiam advertere pastores, id. ib. 12, 51: advertere quosdam cultu externo in sedibus senatorum, id. ib. 13, 54: quotiens novum aliquid adverterat, id. ib. 15, 30 al.: hirudo quam sanguisugam appellari adverto, Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 29: ut multos adverto credidisse, id. 2, 67, 67, § 168. Still more rarely, advertere animo: animis advertite vestris, Verg. A. 2, 712: hanc scientiam ad nostros pervenisse animo adverto, Plin. 25, 2, 3, § 5; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 4, 27, 8.
    3. C. To draw or turn something, esp. the attention of another, to or upon one’s self (in the histt.): gemitus ac planctus militum aures oraque advertere, Tac. A. 1, 41: octo aquilae imperatorem advertere, id. ib. 2, 17: recentia veteraque odia advertit, drew them on himself, id. ib. 4, 21 al.
    4. D. To call the attention of one to a definite act, i. e. to admonish of it, to urge to it (cf. II. A.): non docet admonitio, sed advertit, i. e. directs attention, Sen. Ep. 94: advertit ea res Vespasiani animum, ut, etc., Tac. H. 3, 48.
    5. E. Advertere in aliquem, for the more usual animadvertere in aliquem, to attend to one, i. e. to punish one (only in Tac.): in P. Marcium consules more prisco advertere, Tac. A. 2, 32: ut in reliquos Sejani liberos adverteretur, id. ib. 5, 9 (cf. id. Germ. 7, 3: animadvertere).
      Hence,
      1. 1. adversus (archaic advor-), a, um, P. a., turned to or toward a thing, with the face or front toward, standing over against, opposite, before, in front of (opp. aversus).
    1. A. In gen.: solem adversum intueri, Cic. Somn. Scip. 5: Iris … Mille trahens varios adverso sole colores, Verg. A. 4, 701; id. G. 1, 218: antipodes adversis vestigiis stant contra nostra vestigia, Cic. Ac. 2, 39: dentes adversi acuti (the sharp front teeth) morsu dividunt escas, Cic. N. D. 2, 54: quod is collis, tantum adversus in latitudinem patebat, quantum etc., Caes. B. G. 2, 8 Herz. So, hostes adversi, who make front against one advancing or retreating, id. ib. 2, 24: L. Cotta legatus in adversum os fundā vulneratur, in front, Caes. B. G. 5, 35; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 1; Liv. 21, 7 fin. al.; hence, vulnus adversum, a wound in front (on the contr., vulnus aversum, a wound in the back), Cic. Har. Resp. 19: adversis vulneribus, Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 35, 4: judicibus cicatrices adversas ostendere, Cic. de Or. 2, 28: cicatrices populus Romanus aspiceret adverso corpore exceptas, id. Verr. 5, 3: impetus hostium adversos, Auct. B. Alex. 8: Romani advorso colle evadunt, ascend the hill in front, Sall. J. 52: adversa signa, Liv. 30, 8: legiones quas Visellius et C. Silius adversis itineribus objecerant, i. e. marches in which they went to meet the enemy, Tac. A. 3, 42: sed adverso fulgure (by a flash of lightning falling directly before him) pavefactus est Nero, Suet. Ner. 48: armenta egit Hannibal in adversos montes, Quint. 2, 17, 19; cf. Lucr. 3, 1013; so Hor. S. 1, 1, 103; 2, 3, 205: qui timet his adversa, the opposite of this, id. Ep. 1, 6, 9 al.
      Hence, of rivers: flumine adverso, up the stream, against the stream: in adversum flumen contendere, Lucr. 4, 423: adverso feruntur flumine, id. 6, 720; so Verg. G. 1, 201: adverso amne, Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 33; adverso Tiberi subvehi, Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 22, 3 (opp. to secundā aquā, down stream, with the stream: rate in secundam aquam labente, Liv. 21, 47, 3); and of winds, opposed to a vessel’s course, head winds, contrary winds, consequently unfavorable, adverse: navigationes adversis ventis praecluduntur, Auct. B. Alex. 8: adversissimi navigantibus venti, Caes. B. C. 3, 107.
      Subst.: adversum, i, the opposite: hic ventus a septentrionibus oriens adversum tenet Athenis proficiscentibus, holds the opposite to those sailing from Athens, i. e. blows against them, Nep. Milt. 1 (so Nipperdey; but v. Hand, Turs. I. p. 183).
      Adv.: ex adverso, also written exadverso and exadversum, opposite to, over against, ἐκ τοῦ ἐναντίου: portus ex adverso urbi positus, Liv. 45, 10.
      With gen.: Patrae ex adverso Aetoliae et fluminis Eveni, Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 11.
      Without case: cum ex adverso starent classes, Just. 2, 14; so Suet. Caes. 39; Tib. 33.
      In adversum, to the opposite side, against: et duo in adversum immissi per moenia currus, against each other, Prop. 3, 9, 23; so Gell. 2, 30; cf. Verg. A. 8, 237; in adversum Romani subiere, Liv. 1, 12; 7, 23.
    2. B. In hostile opposition to, adverse to, unfavorable, unpropitious (opp. secundus; frequent and class.): conqueri fortunam adversam, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 50: hic dies pervorsus atque advorsus mihi obtigit, Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 1: advorsus nemini, Ter. And. 1, 1, 37: mentes improborum mihi infensae et adversae, Cic. Sull. 10: acclamatio, id. de Or. 2, 83: adversā avi aliquid facere, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 16: adversis auspiciis, Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 64, 6: adversum omen, Suet. Vit. 8: adversissima auspicia, id. Oth. 8: adversae res, misfortune, calamity, adverse fortune: ut adversas res, sic secundas immoderate ferre levitatis est, Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf.: adversi casus, Nep. Dat. 5: adversae rerum undae, a sea of troubles, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 22: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9 (the sup. is found also in Cæs. B. C. 3, 107): quae magistratus ille dicet, secundis auribus, quae ab nostrum quo dicentur, adversis accipietis? Liv. 6, 40: adversus annus frugibus, id. 4, 12: valetudo adversa, i. e. sickness, id. 10, 32: adversum proelium, an unsuccessful engagement, id. 7, 29; cf. 8, 31: adverso rumore esse, to be in bad repute, to have a bad reputation, Tac. Ann. 14, 11: adversa subsellia, on which the opposition sit, Quint. 6, 1, 39.
      Sometimes met. of feeling, contrary to, hated, hateful, odious: quīs omnia regna advorsa sint, Sall. J. 83; cf. Luc. 2, 229 Bentl.
      Comp.: neque est aliud adversius, Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 35.
      * Adv.: adver-sē, self-contradictorily, Gell. 3, 16.—ad-versum, i, subst., esp. in the plur. adversa, misfortune, calamity, disaster, adversity, evil, mischief: advorsa ejus per te tecta sient, Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 28: nihil adversi, Cic. Brut. 1, 4: si quid adversi accidisset, Nep. Alc. 8; cf. Liv. 22, 40; 35, 13: secunda felices, adversa magnos probant, Plin. Pan. 31; esp. freq. in Tac.: prospera et adversa pop. Rom., Ann. 1, 1: adversa tempestatum et fluctuum, id. Agr. 25; so id. A. 3, 24; 45; 2, 69; 4, 13 al.
      Subst.: adversus, i, m., an opponent, adversary (rare): multosque mortalīs ea causa advorsos habeo, Sall. C. 52, 7.
      In Quint. also once ad-versa, ae, f., subst., a female opponent or adversary: natura noverca fuerit, si facultatem dicendi sociam scelerum, adversam innocentiae, invenit, 12, 1, 2.
    3. C. In rhet., opposed to another of the same genus, e. g. sapientia and stultitia: “Haec quae ex eodem genere contraria sunt, appellantur adversa,” Cic. Top. 11.