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pendĕo, pĕpendi, 2, v. n. [intr. of pendo, q. v.], to hang, hang down, be suspended.

  1. I. Lit., constr. with ab, ex, or in and abl.; also (poet.), with abl. alone, or with de: pendent peniculamenta, Enn. ap. Non. 149, 32 (Ann. v. 363 Vahl.): in candelabro pendet strigilis, Varr. ap. Non. 223, 7: in arbore, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 57: sagittae pende, bant ab umero, id. ib. 2, 4, 34, § 74: ex arbore, id. ib. 2, 3, 26, § 66: ubera circum (pueri), Verg. A. 8, 632: horrida pendebant molles super ora capilli, Ov. P. 3, 3, 17: capiti patiar sacros pendere corymbos, Prop. 2, 23, 35 (3, 28, 39): telum … summo clipei nequiquam umbone pependit, Verg. A. 2, 544: deque viri collo dulce pependit onus, Ov. F. 2, 760.
    Of garments: chlamydemque ut pendeat apte, Collocat, Ov. M. 2, 733: tigridis exuviae per dorsum a vertice pendent, Verg. A. 11, 577.
    Of slaves, who were strung up to be flogged, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 27: quando pendes per pedes, id. ib. 2, 2, 35: ibi pendentem ferit, id. Trin. 2, 1, 19; id. Truc. 4, 3, 3; cf. id. Men. 5, 5, 48: quid me fiet nunciam? Theo. Verberibus caedere pendens, id. Most. 5, 2, 45: ego plectar pendens, nisi, etc., Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 43; id. Eun. 5, 6, 20.
    Poet., of suspended votive offerings: omnibus heu portis pendent mea noxia vota, Prop. 4 (5), 3, 17; Tib. 1, 1, 16 (24): pendebatque vagi pastoris in arbore votum, id. 2, 5, 29: pendebit fistula pinu, Verg. E. 7, 24: multaque praeterea sacris in postibus arma, Captivi pendent currus, etc., id. A. 7, 184.
    Of one who hangs himself, Mart. 8, 61, 2: e trabe sublimi triste pependit onus, Ov. R. Am. 18: pendentem volo Zoilum videre, Mart. 4, 77, 5.
    Of any thing hung up for public notice; of the names of persons accused, Suet. Dom. 9, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 1; of goods hung up, exposed for sale, Phaedr. 3, 4, 1; transf., of a debtor whose goods are exposed for sale, Suet. Claud. 9 fin.
    Prov.: pendere filo or tenui filo, to hang by a thread, i. e. to be in great danger: hac noctu filo pendebit Etruria tota, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 153 Vahl.): omnia sunt hominum tenui pendentia filo, Ov. P. 4, 3, 35; Val. Max. 6, 4, 1.
    1. B. Transf. (mostly poet.; cf. immineo).
      1. 1. To hang in the air, be suspended, to float, hover, overhang: per speluncas saxis structas asperis, pendentibus, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37 (Trag. Rel. p. 245 Rib.); imitated, Lucr. 6, 195: hinc scopulus raucis pendet adesus aquis, Ov. H. 10, 26: dum siccā tellure licet, dum nubila pendent, Verg. G. 1, 214: hi summo in fluctu pendent, id. A. 1, 106: illisaque prora pependit, id. ib. 5, 206; Curt. 4, 2, 9: dumosā pendere procul de rupe videbo (capros), Verg. E. 1, 77: pendentes rupe capellae, Ov. P. 1, 8, 51.
        So of birds, which float or hover in the air: olor niveis pendebat in aëra pennis, Ov. M. 7, 379; 8, 145: et supra vatem multa pependit avis, Mart. Spect. 21.
        Of a rapid course: raraque non fracto vestigia pulvere pendent, Stat. Th. 6, 638.
      2. 2. To hang loosely together, be unstable, movable: opertum (litus) pendeat algā, Ov. M. 11, 233.
      3. 3. To hang about, loiter, tarry, linger anywhere: nostroque in limine pendes, Verg. A. 6, 151.
      4. 4. To hang down, be flabby or flaccid, weak, without strength: fluidos pendere lacertos, Ov. M. 15, 231: pendentesque genas et aniles aspice rugas, Juv. 10, 193.
      5. 5. To weigh: offula cum duabus costis quae penderet III. et XX. pondo, Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 11: cyathus pendet drachmas X., mna pendet drachmas Atticas centum, Plin. 21, 34, 109, § 185: Lucio Titio modios centum, qui singuli pondo centum pendeant, heres dato, Dig. 33, 6, 7.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To hang, rest, or depend upon a person or thing (class.); constr. with ex, in, ab, the simple abl., or de: tuorum, qui ex te pendent, Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 2: spes pendet ex fortunā, id. Par. 2, 17: ex quo verbo tota causa pendebat, id. de Or. 2, 25, 107; id. Fam. 5, 13, 1: hinc omnis pendet Lucilius, Hor. S. 1, 4, 6: an ignoratis. vectigalia perlevi saepe momento fortunae pendere? Cic. Agr. 2, 29, 80: salus nostra, quae spe exiguā extremāque pendet, Cic. Fl. 2, 4: tam levi momento mea apud vos fama pendet, Liv. 2, 7, 10: pendere ex alterius vultu ac nutu, id. 39, 5, 3: oblite, tuā nostram pendere salutem, Sil. 3, 109: in sententiis omnium civium famam nostram fortunamque pendere, Cic. Pis. 41, 98: ex ancipiti temporum mutatione pendere, Curt. 4, 1, 27; Luc. 5, 686: deque tuis pendentia Dardana fatis, Sil. 13, 504; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 105: tyrannus, cum quo fatum pendebat amici, Juv. 4, 88.
    2. B. To hang upon a person’s words, to gaze fixedly, listen attentively to (poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf. haereo): (Dido) pendet iterum narrantis ab ore, Verg. A. 4, 79: narrantis conjux pendet ab ore viri, Ov. H. 1, 30: ab imagine pendet, Sil. 8, 93; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 72: pervigil Arcadio Tiphys pendebat ab astro, Val. Fl. 1, 481: attentus et pendens, Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 7: ex vultu dicentis pendent omnium vultus, Sen. Contr. 9, 23, 5.
      Poet., with a terminal clause: e summo pendent cupida agmina vallo, Noscere quisque suos, Stat. Th. 10, 457.
    3. C. To be suspended, interrupted, discontinued (poet. and in post-class. prose): pendent opera interrupta, Verg. A. 4, 88: mutui datio interdum pendet, Dig. 12, 1, 8: condictio pendet, ib. 7, 1, 12 fin.: actio negotiorum gestorum pendeat, ib. 3, 5, 8; 24, 1, 11: pendet jus liberorum, propter jus postliminii, Just. Inst. 1, 12, 5.
    4. D. To hang suspended, be ready to fall: nec amicum pendentem corruere patitur, Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43.
    5. E. To be in suspense, to be uncertain, doubiful, irresolute, perplexed (cf. haesito): animus tibi pendet? Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 18: nolo suspensam et incertam plebem Romanam obscurā spe et caecā exspectatione pendere, Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 66: ne diutius pendeas, id. Att. 4, 15, 6: quia quam diu futurum hoc sit, non nimis pendeo, Sen. Ep. 61, 2: mortales pavidis cum pendent mentibus, Lucr. 6, 51.
      Esp. freq.: pendere animi (locative case, v. Kühnast, Liv. Synt. p. 39): Clitipho cum spe pendebit animi, Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 5: exanimatus pendet animi, Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 35: pendeo animi exspectatione Corfiniensi, id. Att. 8, 5, 2: animi pendeo et de te et de me, id. ib. 16, 12.
      With rel.-clause: ego animi pendeo, quid illud sit negotii, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 18: ostendis te pendere animi, quamnam rationem, etc., Cic. Att. 11, 12, 1; id. Leg. 1, 3, 9.
      Less freq.: pendere animo: atque animo noctu pendens eventa timebat, Cic. poët. ap. Non. 204, 8.
      In plur.: animis: quodsi exspectando et desiderando pendemus animis, cruciamur, angimur, Cic. Tusc. 1, 40, 96: sollicitis ac pendentibus animis, Liv. 7, 30 fin. dub. (al. animi, v. Drak. ad loc.).
      With cum: plebs innumera mentibus cum dimicationum curulium eventu pendentem, Amm. 14, 6, 26.
      Law t. t., to be undetermined, to await decision: pendente condicione, Gai. Inst. 2, 200; 1, 186; 3, 179.
  3. F. To have weight or value: bona vera idem pendent, Sen. Ep. 66, 30 (Haas; al. pendunt).
    Hence, pendens, entis, P. a.
    1. A. Hanging; in econom. lang., of fruits not yet plucked or gathered: vinum, Cato, R. R. 147: vindemia, Dig. 19, 1, 25: olea, Cato, R. R. 146: fructus, Dig. 6, 1, 44.
    2. B. Pending; hence, in jurid, Lat., in pendenti esse, to be pending, undecided, uncertain: quando in pendenti est, an, etc., Dig. 38, 17, 10: in pendenti est posterior solutio ac prior, ib. 46, 3, 58; 7, 1, 25: in pendenti habere aliquid, to regard a thing as uncertain, doubtful, Dig. 49, 17, 19 fin.

pendo, pĕpendi, pensum, 3 (pendissent, for pependissent, Liv. 45, 26 fin.: penderit for pependerit, Paul. Nol. Carm. 14, 122), v. a. and n. [etym. dub.; cf. root σφαδ-, σφενδόνη, a sling; Lat. funda].
Lit., to cause to hang down, to suspend; esp. of scales in weighing.

  1. I. Act., to weigh, weigh out.
    1. A. Lit. (very rare: syn. penso, expendo): unumquodque verbum staterā aurariā pendere, Varr. ap. Non. 455, 21: da pensam lanam, Titin. ap. Non. 369, 21; Plin. 19, 3, 15, § 39, read repensum: aere gravi cum uterentur Romani, penso eo, non numerato debitum solvebant, Fest. s. v. pendere, p. 208 Müll.: pensas examinat herbas, Ov. M. 14, 270.
      1. 2. Transf., to pay, pay out (because, in the earliest times, payments were made by weighing out the metals; v. in the preced. the passage from Fest.; class.): militis stipendia ideo, quod eam stipem pendebant, Varr. L. L. 5, § 182 Müll.: Achaei ingentem pecuniam pendunt L. Pisoni quotannis, Cic. Prov. Cons. 3, 5; id. Att. 12, 25, 1: vectigal populo Romano, Caes. B. G. 5, 23: vectigal, Liv. 25, 8: tributum pro navibus, Tac. A. 13, 51: pretium, id. ib. 2, 87: coria boum in usus militares, id. ib. 4, 72: mercedem alicui, Juv. 3, 15.
        Absol.: pro pabulo pendunt, pay, Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 65.
        Impers. pass.: iterumque imperii nostri publicanis penditur, Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 65.
        As punishments consisted of fines in money or cattle: pendere poenas, supplicia, etc., signified to pay, suffer, undergo a penalty: pendere poenas solvere significat, Fest. p. 268 Müll.: Syrus mihi tergo poenas pendet, Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6: maximas poenas pendo temeritatis meae, Cic. Att. 11, 8, 1: satis pro temeritate unius hominis suppliciorum pensum esse, Liv. 34, 61: capitis poenas, Ov. F. 3, 845: poenas violatae religionis sanguine et caedibus, Just. 8, 2, 4: magna supplicia perfidiae, id. 11, 4, 2: crimen, culpam, Val. Fl. 4, 477.
        Rarely in this signif. absol., to suffer any thing (poet.): tuis nam pendit in arvis Delius, Val. Fl. 1, 445.
    2. B. Trop.
      1. 1. To weigh mentally, to ponder, consider, deliberate upon, decide (class.; syn.: pensito, trutinor): vos eam (rem) suo, non nominis pondere penditote, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 1: in philosophiā res spectatur, non verba penduntur, id. Or. 16, 51: causam ex veritate, id. Quint. 1, 5: rem levi conjecturā, id. Rosc. Am. 22, 62.
        1. b. To value, esteem, regard a thing; with gen. of the value (mostly ante-class. and poet.): neque cum me magni pendere visum’st, Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 12: aliquem, Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 25: quem tu vidisse beatus Non magni pendis, Hor. S. 2, 4, 93: nec jam religio divum neque numina magni Pendebantur, Lucr. 6, 1277: unice unum plurimi pendit, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 29: te volturium vocant: Hostisne an civis comedis, parvi pendere, id. Trin. 1, 2, 64 sq.: nequam hominis ego parvi pendo gratiam, lightly esteem, id. Bacch. 3, 6, 29; so, parvi, Ter. And. 3, 2, 46; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 37; id. Hec. 3, 5, 63: minoris pendo tergum illorum, quam meum, care less for, Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 29: aliquem minoris, id. ib. 1, 3, 58: aliquem nihili, id. ib. 1, 3, 88: nihili, id. Men. 5, 7, 4; id. Trin. 3, 1, 6; Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 6; cf.: non flocci pendere, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 21: sese experturum, quanti sese penderem, Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 44: tu illum numquam ostendisti quanti penderes, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 103.
      2. 2. (Acc. to A. 2.) To pay, render (poet.): dignas pendere grates, Stat. Th. 11, 223.
  2. II. Neutr., to weigh (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): tantundem pendere par est, Lucr. 1, 361: talentum ne minus pondo octoginta Romanis ponderibus pendat, Liv. 38, 38, 13; Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 44; id. 30, 48 fin., § 93; id. 18, 7, 12, § 66; id. 31, 6, 31, § 58 (in Sen. Ep. 66, 30, read pendent).
    Hence, pensus, a, um, P. a., lit. weighed; hence, trop., esteemed, valued, prized, dear (as P. a. not in Cic. or Cæs.): utra condicio pensior, Virginemne an viduam habere? Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 61: ut nihil quicquam esset carius pensiusque nobis quam nosmetipsi, Taurus ap. Gell. 12, 5, 7.
    Esp., as subst.: pensum, i, n., something weighed.
    1. A. Weight, consideration, scruple, importance, only in gen. sing.: nihil pensi habere aliquid, to lay no weight or stress upon a thing, to attach no value to, be indifferent to, care nothing about: sua parvi pendere, aliena cupere, … nihil pensi neque moderati habere, Sall. C. 12, 2: nihil pensi neque sancti habere, id. J. 41, 9: neque id quibus modis assequeretur, quicquam pensi habebat, id. C. 5, 6: prorsus neque dicere, neque facere quicquam pensi habebat, id. ib. 23, 2: nihil pensi habuit, quin, etc., Suet. Dom. 12; id. Ner. 34: ut neque fas neque fidem pensi haberet, Tac. A. 13, 15: aliquid ratum pensumque habere, Att. Capitol. ap. Gell. 13, 12, 2.
      So, non pensi ducere (very rare), Val. Max. 2, 9, 3.
      Also, non adest or est alicui pensi: nec mihi adest tantillum pensi jam, quos capiam calceos, I don’t care in the least, am perfectly indifferent, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 52: sed illis nec quid dicerent, nec quid facerent, quicquam umquam pensi fuisse, they never cared at all, Liv. 34, 49: quibus si quicquam pensi umquam fuisset, non ea consilia de republicā habuissent, if they had ever had regard for any considerations, Sall. C. 52, 34.
    2. B. Prop., the wool weighed out to a slave to spin in a day; hence, a day’s work in spinning, and, in gen., spinning, a spinner’s task.
      1. 1. Lit. (mostly ante-class. and poet.): pensum facere, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 63; id. Men. 5, 2, 45: nocturna carpentes pensa puellae, Verg. G. 1, 391: carmine quo captae dum fusis mollia pensa Devolvunt, etc., id. ib. 4, 348: famulasque ad lumina longo Exercet penso, id. A. 8, 412; Prop. 3, 15, (4, 14), 15: castrensia, i. e. for military garments, id. 4 (5), 3, 33: pensa manu ducunt, Juv. 12, 65: lanificam revocas ad sua pensa manum, Ov. Am. 1, 13, 24; id. H. 3, 75; Just. 1, 3, 2.
        Poet., a thread spun by the Fates: durae peragunt pensa sorores, Sen. Herc. Fur. 181: jamque in fine dies et inexorabile pensum Deficit, Stat. S. 3, 3, 172: mortale resolvere, to unbind his mortal thread, i. e. to make him immortal, Calp. Ecl. 4, 137.
      2. 2. Trop., a charge, duty, office (so in Cic.; cf.: ministerium, munus, officium): pensum meum lepide accurabo, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 33; cf.: meum confeci, id. Pers. 2, 4, 1: absolvere, to perform one’s duty, Varr. R. R. 2, 2: me ad meum munus pensumque revocabo, Cic. de Or. 3, 30, 119; id. Verr. 2, 3, 46, § 109: nominis familiaeque, Liv. 4, 52: operis sui peragere, Col. 3, 10, 7.
        Hence, adv.: pensē, carefully, considerately (post-class.): pensius, Flav. ap. Symm. Ep. 2, 34.