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fŭro, ŭi (perf. rare, Sen. Orest. 846; Serv. Verg. A. 1, 41 al.; usually supplied by insanivi, Diom. p. 376 P.; Prisc. 817 P.; gen. plur. part. sync. furentum, Verg. A. 11, 838), 3, v. n. [cf. Gr. θοῦρος, hasty; θορεῖν, θρώσκω, to leap; cf. θηρ, wild; Lat. fera, ferox; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 256], to rage, rave (in sickness or when in a passion), to be out of one’s mind, to be mad, furious (syn.: insanio, deliro, desipio).
- I. Lit. (class.): quem nos furorem, μελαγχολίαν illi (Graeci) vocant: quasi vero atra bili solum mens ac non saepe vel iracundiā graviore vel timore vel dolore moveatur: quo genere Athamantem, Alcmaeonem, Ajacem, Orestem furere dicimus, etc., Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11: quid est aliud furere, non cognoscere homines, non cognoscere leges, non senatum, id. Pis. 20, 47; cf.: qui valetudinis vitio furunt et melancholici dicuntur, id. Div. 1, 38, 81; and Dig. 23, 2, 9: primum inquiram, quid sit furere, etc., Hor. S. 2, 3, 41: insanire ac furere, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39: furere et bacchari, id. Brut. 80, 276; cf.: non ego sanius Bacchabor Edonis: recepto Dulce mihi furere est amico, to play the fool, act foolishly (an imitation of the Anacreontic θέλω θέλω μανῆναι), Hor. C. 2, 7, 28: Telamon iratus furere luctu filii videretur, to be distracted, Cic. de Or. 2, 46, 193: ille, si non acerrime fureret, auderet, etc., id. Pis. 21, 50: furere adversus aliquem, Tiber. ap. Suet. Tib. 61: num furis? an prudens ludis me obscura canendo? Hor. S. 2, 5, 58: furit ille dolore, Ov. M. 12, 478: amore, Val. Fl. 5, 427; cf.: ex quo destiti Inachia furere, to be madly in love with (Gr. μαίνεσθαι ἐπί τινι), Hor. Epod. 11, 6: in aliqua, Quint. Decl. 289: in celeres iambos Misit (me) furentem, Hor. C. 1, 16, 25.
- (β) With acc. and inf.: (Clodius) furebat, a Racilio se contumaciter urbaneque vexatum, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 3.
With inf.: furit vinci dominus profundi, Sen. Med. 597: ecce furit te reperire atrox Tydides, Hor. C. 1, 15, 27.
- (γ) With acc. (poet.): hunc sine me furere ante furorem, Verg. A. 12, 680: praecipuum tunc caedis opus, Gradive, furebas, Stat. Th. 9, 5.
- II. Transf., of inanim. and abstr. things (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): nubes interdum perscissa furit petulantibus auris, Lucr. 6, 111; cf.: furit mugitibus aether concussus, Verg. G. 3, 150: ventus, Lucr. 6, 687: impetus Aetnae, id. 2, 593; cf.: flamma in Aetna, Hor. Epod. 17, 33: ignis in stipulis, Verg. G. 3, 100: stella vesani leonis, Hor. C. 3, 29, 19: atra tempestas effusis imbribus, Verg. A. 5, 694: furit aestus harenis, id. ib. 1, 107: flammae furentes, id. ib. 4, 670: furit ardor edendi, Ov. M. 8, 828: nec copia argenti tantum furit vita, Plin. 33, 11, 53, § 147.
With acc. and inf.: fama furit, versos hostes Poenumque salutem Invenisse fugā, Sil. 7, 504.
Hence, * fŭrenter, adv., furiously: pueri autem aiunt eum furenter irasci, was furiously enraged, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 12.
1. fūror, ātus, 1, v. dep. a. (act. inf. furasse, Fulg. Myth. 2, 6; sup. furatum, Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 23; id. Trin. 4, 2, 22: furatus, in pass. signif., App. M. 10, p. 220) [fur], to steal, purloin, pilfer (syn.: latrocinor, clepo, rapio).
- I. Lit. (class.): solet haec, quae rapuit et furatus est dicere se emisse, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 60: furatur aliquid aut eripit, id. Off. 2, 11, 40; id. N. D. 2, 63, 157: pecuniam ex templo, Quint. 3, 6, 41; Suet. Caes. 54.
Absol.: ad furandum venire, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 61; so of pillaging, military raids: ille robore exercitus inpar, furandi melior, Tac. A. 3, 74 init.; of literary theft: ut iste in furando manibus suis uteretur, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 33: si ego tuum (librum) ante legissem, furatum me abs te esse diceres, id. Att. 2, 1, 1; cf. Poët. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 29.
- II. Transf., in gen., to take away by stealth, remove secretly, to withdraw: pone caput, fessosque oculos furare labori, Verg. A. 5, 845: membra, Sil. 10, 74: sese, id. 14, 561: vultus veste, i. e. to hide, Sen. Agam. 914: non enim furatus esse civitatem, non genus suum ementitus dicitur, Cic. Balb. 2, 5: speciem furabor Iacchi, will represent, personate, Prop. 4 (5), 2, 31: audiendi facultatem, to obtain by stealth, Amm. 14, 11, 15.
2. fŭror, ōris, m. [furo], a raging, raving (in sickness or violent passion), rage, madness, fury.
- I. Prop.: hanc insaniam (μανίαν), quae juncta stultitiae patet latius, a furore disjungimus … Quem nos furorem, μελαγχολίαν illi (Graeci) vocant … Qui ita sit affectus, eum dominum esse rerum suarum vetant duodecim tabulae. Itaque non est scriptum: Si INSANVS, sed: SI FVRIOSVS ESCIT. Stultitiam enim censuerunt insaniam, constantiā, id est sanitate vacantem … furorem autem esse rati sunt mentis ad omnia caecitatem: quod cum majus esse videatur quam insania, tamen ejusmodi est, ut furor in sapientem cadere possit, non possit insania, Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11; id. Ac. 2, 27, 88: ira furor brevis est, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62; cf.: fere ira et concitatio furori sunt similia, Quint. 7, 4, 31: hic si mentis esset suae, nisi poenas patriae furore atque insania penderet, Cic. Pis. 21, 50; cf.: furore atque amentiā impulsus, Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 4; cf. id. ib. 7, 42: Catilinae, Sall. C. 24, 2: versatur mihi ante oculos aspectus Cethegi et furor in vestra caede bacchantis, Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 11: caeci furore, Liv. 28, 22, 14; cf. Cat. 64, 197: rabidus, id. 63, 38: caecus, Hor. Epod. 7, 13: nec se comitem illius furoris, sed ducem praebuit, Cic. Lael. 11, 37; cf. id. Rep. 1, 28 fin.: si decima legio ad eundem furorem redierit, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 11, 2; so of political excitement, Caes. B. G. 2, 3, 5; Liv. 2, 29, 11; 25, 4, 5; 28, 25, 12; Hor. C. 4, 15, 17; of the fierce passion of love, Prop. 1, 13, 20; Verg. A. 4, 101; Ov. H. 9, 145.
In plur.: mille puellarum, puerorum mille furores, Hor. S. 2, 3, 325; of the inspired frenzy of prophets and poets (as translation of the Gr. μανία): ea (praesagitio) si exarsit acrius, furor appellatur, cum a corpore animus abstractus divino instinctu concitatur, Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66: negat sine furore Democritus quemquam poëtam magnum esse posse, id. ib. 1, 37, 88: ille furor (Cassandrae) patriae fuit utilis, Prop. 3, 13 (4, 12), 65.
In plur.: fatidicos concepit mente furores, Ov. M. 2, 640: ad hunc impendiorum furorem, Suet. Ner. 31.
Prov.: furor fit laesa saepius patientia, Pub. Syr. 178 Rib.
Poet. also in a good sense: vidi animos, mortesque virŭm, decorisque furorem, vehement desire, Sil. 2, 324.
In plur.: nec tamen incautos laudum exhorresce furores, Sil. 3, 146.
Poet., of things: caeli furor aequinoctialis, the raging storms, Cat. 46, 2.
- (β) Furor est, it is madness or folly; with inf. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): quis furor est, census corpore ferre suo? Ov. A. A. 3, 172: furor est, mensuram ejus (mundi) animo quosdam agitasse atque prodere ausos … furor est, profecto furor, egredi ex eo, etc., Plin. 2, 1, 1, § 3: magno furor (leonis) est in sanguine mergi, raging desire, Stat. Th. 8, 596: simplexne furor (est) sestertia centum perdere et, etc., is it not worse than folly, Juv. 1, 92.
- II. Transf., the cause of wrath (poet.): non ita saeva ira mea ut tibi sim merito semper furor, Prop. 1, 18, 15.
- III. Fŭror, personified, Verg. A. 1, 294; cf. v. 348; as a deity, the companion of Mars, Sil. 4, 327; Stat. Th. 3, 424; 7, 52; cf. Petr. S. 124.