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cŭpĭdē, adv., v. cupidus fin.

Cŭpīdĭnĕus, adj., v. cupido, II. A. 2. β.

cŭpĭdĭtas, ātis (gen. plur. rarely -tatium, Cic. Sest. 66, 138; Sen. Ep. 5, 7), f. [cupidus], a desire, wish, longing, in a good and (more freq.) in a bad sense.

  1. I. In a good sense, a longing, desire.
          1. (α) With gen.: insatiabilis quaedam veri videndi, Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 44: cognoscendi, id. ib.: imitandi, id. Brut. 92, 317: mirabilis pugnandi, Nep. Milt. 5, 1 al.: justi et magni triumphi, Cic. Pis. 25, 59: gloriae, id. ib.: mira studiorum, Tac. Or. 2: cibi, appetite, Cels. 2, 3 al.
          2. (β) With ad: tanta cupiditas ad reditum, Cic. Phil. 1, 4, 9: tanta ad venandum, Curt. 9, 1, 33.
          3. (γ) Absol.: nimis flagrare cupiditate, Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 134: nimis confidere propter cupiditatem, on account of warm desire, id. Off. 1, 21, 73: de voluntate tuā, ut simul simus, vel studio potius et cupiditate non dubito, eager longing, id. Att. 12, 26, 1; cf.: tanta erat magnificentia apud opulentiores, cupiditas apud humiliores, devotion, enthusiasm, Auct. B. G. 8, 51 fin.
  2. II. In a bad sense, a passionate desire, lust, passion, cupidity.
    1. A. In gen.
          1. (α) With gen.: pecuniae, Caes. B. G. 6, 22; Quint. 7, 2, 30 al.: praedae, Caes. B. G. 6, 34: praeceps et lubrica dominandi, Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 50: laedendi, Quint. 5, 7, 30: diutius exigendi mercedulas, id. 12, 11, 14 et saep.
          2. (β) Absol.: vel libido vel cupiditas, Cic. Tusc. 4, 19, 44: vita maxime disjuncta a cupiditate, id. Rosc. Am. 14, 39: caeca ac temeraria dominatrix animi cupiditas, id. Inv. 1, 2, 2: mala, Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 34: vita hominum sine cupiditate agitabatur, Sall. C. 2, 1: indomitas cupiditates atque effrenatas habere, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 62; cf.: domitas habere libidines, coërcere omnes cupiditates, id. de Or. 1, 43, 194 et saep.: P. Naso omni carens cupiditate (i. e. non appetens provinciam), id. Phil. 3, 10, 25: temeritatem cupiditatemque militum reprehendit, immoderate love of fighting, Caes. B. G. 7, 52.
        1. b. Carnal desire, lust, Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 21; of animals, Col. 6, 27, 4.
      1. 2. Transf., the object of desire (cf. ἐπιθυμία): alicujus ex inpurissimis faucibus inhonestissimam cupiditatem eripere, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6, § 19; cf. id. Scaur. 14, 45.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. 1. A passionate desire for money or other possessions; avarice, cupidity, covetousness: nisi ipsos caecos redderet cupiditas et avaritia et audacia, Cic. Rosc. Am. 35, 101; so with avaritia, Quint. 12, 1, 6; Suet. Dom. 9: et contemptus pecuniae et cupiditas, Quint. 7, 2, 30; opp. abstinentia, Suet. Dom. 9; 10: cupiditas causa sceleris fuit, Quint. 5, 12, 6 Spald.; 3, 5, 10; 5, 10, 34; Suet. Calig. 44 al.
        1. b. The passion of love: cupiditatis ardor, Curt. 8, 4, 27: insana, Val. Max. 7, 3, 10: aliquam non cupiditate tantā diligere, ut, etc., Suet. Calig. 24.
        2. c. Greediness of gain in trade, usury, overreaching, fraud, Cic. Att. 1, 17, 9.
        3. d. The lust of power, ambition (post-Aug.): non te propria cupiditas, sed aliena utilitas principem fecit, Plin. Pan. 7.
      2. 2. An undue partiality, spirit of party: (testes) aut sine ullo studio dicebant, aut cum dissimulatione aliquā cupiditatis, Cic. Fl. 10, 21; 26, 64; id. Planc. 17, 43; Liv. 24, 28, 8.

cŭpīdo (cūpēdo or cuppēdo, Lucr. 1, 1082; 4, 1090; 5, 45), ĭnis, f. (m., Plant. Am. 2, 2, 210; Hor. C. 2, 16, 15; 3, 16, 39; 3, 24, 51; id. S. 1, 1, 61; id. Ep. 1, 1, 33; Ov. M. 8, 74; 9, 734; Sil. 4, 99; and personified in all authors; v. the foll.) [cupidus], access. form of cupiditas, desire, wish, longing, eagerness, in a good and (more usu.) in a bad sense (very freq. in the poets and histt., esp. in Sall.; twice in Quint., but in Cic. only as personified).

  1. I. In gen.
    1. A. In a good sense: cupido cepit miseram nunc me proloqui, etc. (transl. from Eurip. Med. 57: ἵμερος μ’ ὑπῆλθε, etc.), Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63 (Trag. Rel. v. 291 Vahl.); cf.: Romulum cupido cepit urbis condendae, Liv. 1, 6, 3: cupido eum ceperat in verticem montis ascendendi, id. 40, 21, 2; and with inf.: cupido incessit Aethiopiam invisere, Curt. 4, 8, 3: aquae, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 50; cf.: laticum frugumque, Lucr. 4, 1093: gloriae, Sall. C. 7, 3: aeternitatis perpetuaeque famae, Suet. Ner. 55: lucis, Quint. 6, prooem. § 13: placendi, id. 10, 7, 17 al.
      1. 2. Trop., of things: res medii cuppedine victae, overcome by their tendency to a centre, Lucr. 1, 1082.
    2. B. In a bad sense, desire, passion, lust, greed.
          1. (α) With gen.: honorum caeca (with avarities), Lucr. 3, 59; cf. honoris, Sall. C. 3, 5: mala vitaï, Lucr. 3, 1077: immitis uvae (i. e. virginis immaturae), Hor. C. 2, 5, 9: praedae caeca, Ov. M. 3, 620: intempestiva concubitūs, id. ib. 10, 689; cf. Veneris, id. ib. 14, 634 et saep.: difficilia faciundi, Sall. J. 93, 3: ejus (oppidi) potiundi, id. ib. 89, 6: quarum (rerum) inmodica cupido inter mortales est, Liv. 6, 35, 6: populos ad cupidinem novae fortunae erigere, id. 21, 19, 7.
            In plur.: malae dominationis cupidinibus flagrans, Tac. A. 13, 2.
          2. (β) Absol.: homines cupidine caeci, Lucr. 4, 1153; so id. 4, 1090: cuppedinis acres curae, id. 5, 45; Hor. C. 2, 16, 15 et saep.: femineus, Ov. M. 9, 734; cf. muliebris, Tac. A. 4, 39.
            In plur., Hor. S. 1, 2, 111; 2, 7, 85; Tac. A. 3, 52: eo provectas Romanorum cupidines, ut non corpora, ne senectam quidam aut virginitatem inpollutam relinquant, id. ib. 14, 35.
  2. II. In partic.
    1. A. The desire that springs from love, desire, love: differor Cupidine ejus, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 29; cf.: visae virginis, Ov. M. 13, 906; Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 210; cf. id. Poen. 1, 1, 68.
      In plur.: me, Contactum nullis ante cupidinibus, Prop. 1, 1, 2.
      Hence,
      1. 2. Personified: Cŭpīdo, ĭnis, m., the god of love, Cupid, son of Venus, Cic. N. D. 3, 23, 58 sq.; Prop. 2, 14, 5 (3, 18, 21); Ov. M. 1, 453; 5, 366 et saep.; Hor. C. 1, 2, 34; 2, 8, 14 al.; in the form CVPEDO, Inscr. Orell. 1367.
        In plur.: mater saeva Cupidinum, Hor. C. 1, 19, 1 Orell. ad loc.; 4, 1, 5 al.; cf. of sculptured figures: exstant caelati scyphi … Myos in eādem aede Silenos et Cupidines, Plin. 33, 12, 55, § 155; 36, 5, 4, § 41.
        Hence,
          1. (β) Cŭpīdĭnĕus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Cupid (poet.): tela, Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 65: sagittae, id. R. Am. 157.
            Transf., lovely, charming ( = formosus), Mart. 7, 87, 9.
    2. B. In animals, the sexual impulse: equina, Col. 6, 27, 3: equi cupidine sollicitati, id. 6, 27, 8.
    3. C. (Cf. cupidus, II. A. 2., and cupiditas, II. B. 1.) Avarice, covetousness: Narcissum incusat cupidinis ac praedarum, Tac. A. 12, 57; in plur., id. H. 1, 66.
      1. * 2. Personified: Cupido sordidus, sordid Avarice, Hor. C. 2, 16, 15.

cŭpĭdus, a, um, adj. [cupio], longing, desiring, desirous, eager, in a good and bad sense, wishing, loving, fond, etc. (very freq. and class.); constr. with gen., abl., inf., in, or absol.

  1. I. In a good sense.
      1. 1. Of persons.
          1. (α) With gen.: ejus videndi cupidus, Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 12; so, huc redeundi, abeundi a milite, Vosque hic videndi, id. ib. 1, 2, 16: redeundi domum, id. ib. 3, 1, 3: bellandi, Caes. B. G. 1, 2: te audiendi, Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 16: valde spectandi, id. ib. 1, 35, 162: satis faciendi rei publicae, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 1 et saep.: vitae, Lucr. 6, 1238; Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1: mortis, Hor. S. 2, 2, 98: liberorum, Quint. 4, 2, 42: sententiarum, id. 5, 13, 31: pacis, Hor. S. 2, 1, 44 et saep.
            Comp.: contentionis quam veritatis, Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 47.
            Sup.: litterarum, Nep. Cato, 3, 1: nostri, Cic. de Or. 1, 22, 104.
          2. (β) With inf.: attingere, Prop. 1, 19, 9: moriri, Ov. M. 14, 215.
          3. * (γ) With in and abl.: cupidus in perspiciendā cognoscendāque rerum naturā, Cic. Off. 1, 43, 154.
          4. (δ) Absol.: si quicquam cupido optantique obtigit, Cat. 107, 1: cupidum vires Deficiunt, Hor. S. 2, 1, 12.
      2. 2. Of things: equorum Vis cupida, Lucr. 2, 265.
  2. II. In a bad sense, passionately desiring or longing for, eager, greedy, lustful, passionate.
    1. A. In gen.
      1. 1. Of persons.
          1. (α) With gen.: auri, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 51; cf. pecuniae, Cic. Verr. 1, 3, 8: damni, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 34: vini, id. ib. 1, 2, 50 (not vino, v. Ritschl ad h. l.): rerum novarum, imperii, Caes. B. G. 5, 6; cf.: rerum novarum, id. ib. 1, 18: cujuscumque motūs novi, Tac. H. 1, 80; and: nullius rei nisi imperii, Nep. Reg. 2, 2: laedendi, Quint. 5, 7, 16: maledicendi, id. 6, 2, 16 et saep.
          2. (β) Absol.: cupidos moderatis anteferre, Cic. Font. 14, 32 (10, 22): non esse mirandum, qui in illā re turpis aut cupidus aut petulans fuerit, hāc quoque in re eum deliquisse, id. Inv. 2, 10, 33: emit homo cupidus (for which, just before, cupiditate incensus), eager to purchase, id. Off. 3, 14, 59: stultus cupidusque, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 24: cupidusque et amata relinquere pernix, id. A. P. 165 al.
      2. 2. Of things: cor, Lucr. 4, 1138; Prop. 1, 8, 29; Hor. C. 3, 14, 26 al.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. 1. Longing from love, pining, languishing for, loving.
        1. a. Of persons: neu me cupidum eo (sc. ad uxorem ducendam) impulisset, Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 6: maritus, Cat. 64, 375; Tib. 1, 8, 74; Ov. M. 4, 679: cupidi nomen amantis habe, id. H. 3, 26.
        2. b. Of things: simul ac cupidae mentis satiata libido est, Cat. 64, 147; Ov. M. 11, 63; id. Am. 3, 7, 9 al.
      2. 2. Desirous of money, avaricious, covetous, Quint. 11, 1, 88: multitudo cupidorum hominum, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64: homo castus ac non cupidus, id. Sest. 43, 93; Vitr. 1, 1, 7; so in sup., Suet. Vesp. 16.
      3. 3. Devoted to a party, favoring any one, partial: quaestores vehementer (Verris), Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12: cupidi et irati et conjurati testes, id. Font. 10, 21 (6, 11): judices (with infesti, invidentes), Tac. Or. 31; cf. comp.: judex, Cic. Caecin. 3, 8; and auctor, id. Clu. 24, 66.
        Hence, cŭ-pĭdē, adv., eagerly, in a good and bad sense, zealously, passionately, vehemently, ardently, warmly, partially, etc. (freq. and class.), Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 11; Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 1; Cic. Att. 6, 3, 3; id. Rosc. Am. 18, 50; id. Phil. 2, 21, 52; Nep. Arist. 1, 4; Quint. 1, 3, 13; Cat. 63, 2; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 100 et saep.
        Comp., Caes. B. G. 1, 15; 5, 15; Liv. 3, 32, 3 al.
        Sup., Caes. B. G. 1, 40; id. B. C. 2, 20; Sall. C. 40, 4 al.

Cŭpĭennĭus, ii, m., a Roman proper name, Cic. Att. 16, 16, 14.

cŭpĭens, entis, Part. and P. a., from cupio.

cŭpĭenter, adv., v. cupio, P. a. fin.

cŭpĭo, īvi or ĭi, ītum, 3 (imperf. subj. cŭpīret, Lucr. 1, 72; quoted ap. Non. p. 506 fin., and ap. Prisc. p. 879 P.), v. a. [Sanscr kup, to be in active motion, to be angry; cf. recupero], to long for a thing, to desire, wish (designating a natural, involuntary inclination, or an unbridled or passionate desire, while volo indicates an energetic will, and opto a deliberate wish or choice, Cic. Mil. 12, 32; Sen. Ep. 116, 2; cf. Klotz in Jahn’s Neues Jahrb. 1834, II. p. 119 sq.; freq. in every per. and species of composition); constr. with acc., inf., acc. and inf., acc. and part., ut, ne, the gen., or absol.

  1. I. In gen.
    1. A. Lit., of persons.
          1. (α) With acc.: quid istuc tam cupide cupis? Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 49: nec bonum illud esse, quod cupias ardenter, Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 39: nuptias, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 12: cupere eadem, eadem odisse, Sall. J. 31, 14: domum alius, alius agros, id. C. 11. 4: novas res, id. J. 70, 1: quanto plura parasti, Tanto plura cupis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 148: (magistratus, imperia, etc.) minime mihi hac tempestate cupienda videntur, Sall. J. 3, 1; cf. Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 66 et saep.
            In part. perf.: corde cupitus, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 41: cupitus atque exspectatus, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 104: Mars videt hanc visamque cupit potiturque cupitā, Ov. F. 3, 21: cupitus aetatis flos, Lucr. 3, 770; 5, 847: cujus rei semper cupitae, Liv. 26, 7, 3; Tac. A. 4, 3 et saep.: tandem huic cupitum contigit, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 116; so in neutr., Liv. 3, 37, 7; Tac. A. 6, 32; 14, 2 al.
          2. (β) With inf. (so most freq.): emori cupio, Ter. Heant. 5, 2, 18: vitam mutare, Lucr. 5, 170; 1, 71: te celare de phaleris, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 12, § 29: audire cupio, id. Caecin. 12, 33: diem consumere, id. Att. 4, 2, 4: operam navare, Caes. B. G. 2, 25 fin.: proelium facere, Sall. J. 57, 4 et saep.: cum nostri quid sine imperatore efficere possent perspici cuperent, Caes. B. G. 3, 21.
          3. (γ) With acc. and inf.: te tuā frui virtute cupimus, Cic. Brut. 97, 331; id. Fam. 1, 2, 2: cupio me esse clementem; cupio in tantis rei publicae periculis me non dissolutum videri, id. Cat. 1, 2, 4; cf. Haase ad Reisig, Lect. p. 790: (Pausanias) se tecum affinitate conjungi cupit, Nep. Paus. 2, 3.
          4. * (δ) With acc. and part.: Cu. Quis nominat me? Ph. Qui te conventum cupit. Cu. Hau me magis cupis, quam te ego cupio, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 25.
            (ε) With ut: cupio ut impetret, Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 34: quin etiam necesse erit cupere et optare, ut peccet, etc., Cic. Lael. 16, 59: responsum est mihi cupere quidem universos ut a me rationes coloniae legerentur, Plin. Ep. 10, 47 (56), 1.
            (ζ) With ne: cupio, ne … habeant, Plin. Ep. 5, 17, 6; cf. Ov. H. 6, 6.
            (η) With subj. alone: cupio te quoque sub idem tempus Campania tua remittat, Plin. Ep. 5, 14 (15), 9.
            (θ) Absol.: ubi nolis, cupiunt ultro, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 43: qui cupit aut metuit, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 51; so with metuo, id. ib. 1, 6, 12; 1, 16, 65; cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 185; 1, 1, 2: cohortatus suos, omnibus cupientibus ad hostium castra contendit, Caes. B. G. 3, 24; cf. id. ib. 3, 19 et saep.
            (κ) With gen.: pol quamquam domi cupio, opperiar, Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 23 Brix ad loc.; cf. P. a. α infra.
            With gen. pers.: quae (puellae) cupiunt tui, Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 17; cf.: jam dudum vestri cupiunt Lucrina tacita, Symm. Ep. 1, 8 init.
    2. B. Transf., of things: asperiora vina rigari utique cupiunt, Plin. 17, 26, 41, § 250.
  2. II. Pregn., to be well disposed, be favorable or inclined to one, to favor, to wish well, to be interested for, etc.: favere et cupere Helvetiis propter eam affinitatem, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; cf.: quid ego Fundanio non cupio? Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10: ipsi Glycerio, Ter. And. 5, 4, 2: cui maxime, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 4: cujus causā omnia cum cupio, tum mehercule etiam debeo, Cic. Fam. 13, 75, 1; cf.: causam mihi tradidit, quem suā causā cupere ac debere intellegebat, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 149: vehementer ejus causā, id. Fam. 13, 64, 1: qui istius causā cupiunt omnia, qui ab eo benignissime tractati sunt, etc., id. Verr. 2, 2, 73, § 180; cf. id. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21 Halm ad loc.
    Hence the phrase cupio omnia quaevis, your wishes are mine; cf. the Engl., I am entirely at your service, Hor. S. 1, 9, 5.
    Hence, cŭpĭens, entis, P. a., desiring, desirous, longing, eager for something (mostly ante- class. and post-Aug.; most freq. in Plaut. and Tac.).
          1. (α) With gen.: corporis, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 7: nuptiarum, id. ib. 4, 4, 29: tui (tua amica), id. ib. 4, 2, 58: liberorum, Tac. A. 16, 6: novarum rerum, id. ib. 15, 46: bonarum artium, id. ib. 6, 46: voluptatum, id. ib. 14, 14: erogandae pecuniae, id. ib. 1, 75.
            Comp., Aur. Vict. Caes. 24.
            Sup.: cupientissimus legis, Sall. Fragm. ap. Diom. p. 291 P.
          2. (β) Absol.: ut quibusque bellum invitis aut cupientibus erat, Tac. A. 1, 59.
            Sup.: Marius cupientissimā plebe consul factus, Sall. J. 84, 1.
            Adv.: cŭpĭenter, desirously, earnestly, eagerly, = cupide (only ante-class.): cupienter cupere, Enn. ap. Non. p. 91, 8 (Trag. Rel. v. 337 Vahl.): discerpere membra, Att. ib. p. 91, 6 (Trag. Rel. v. 543 Rib.): petere, Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 17.

cŭpisco, ĕre, 3, v. inch. [cupio], to wish, desire (late Lat.): Deum videre, Aug. de Music. 4, 4; cf. Prisc. p. 824 P.

cŭpītor, ōris, m. [Sanscr kup, to be in active motion, to be angry; cf. recupero], one who desires or wishes (very rare; perh. only in the foll. exs.): incredibilium, Tac. A. 15, 42: matrimonii, id. ib. 12, 7: amicitiae, App. Flor. 3, p. 807.

cŭpītus, a, um, v. cupio, I. A. α.