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nascor, nātus, nasci (ante-class., and in poets of the class. period also gnatus, v. under P. a. B.; part. fut. nasciturus, Pall. Jun. 7, § 8; Vulg. Judic. 13, 8), 3, v. dep. [from gnascor, gnatus, root gen, whence gigno; cf. Gr. γεννάω], to be born, to be begotten (of or by male or female).

  1. I. Lit.; constr. with ex or de and abl., or with abl. alone; rarely with ab and abl.
      1. 1. With ex and abl. (esp. with name or other appellation of the mother): cum ex utrāque (uxore) filius natus esset, Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 183: cujus ex filiā natus est Sestius, id. Fam. 13, 8, 1: Servius Tullius ex serva Tarquiniensi natus, id. Rep. 2, 21, 37: ex hac feminā debuit nasci, qui, etc., Sen. ad Helv. 16, 6: natam sibi ex Poppaeā filiam, Tac. A. 15, 23 init.: ex Thetide natus, Quint. 3, 7, 11: ex Urbiniā natus, id. 7, 2, 5: Alexandri filius natus ex Barsine, Just. 13, 2, 7; cf.: negantis (Domitii) quidquam ex se et Agrippinā nisi detestabile nasci potuisse, Suet. Ner. 6: quod ex nobis natos liberos appellamus, idcirco Cerere nati nominati sunt Liber et Libera, Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62; cf.: convinces facile ex te esse natum, nam tui similis est probe, Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 7: ex militibus Romanis et Hispanis mulieribus natos se memorantes, Liv. 43, 3, 2; very rarely with a designation of the father, and only with pronouns: ex hoc Domitius nascitur, Suet. Ner. 4 init.: Neoptolemus ex quo nata est Olympias, Just. 17, 3, 14: ex quo nasci nepotes deceat, Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 2: illum ex me natum, Val. Max. 5, 10 ext. 3; cf.: quod tibi filiolus vel filia nascitur ex me, Juv. 9, 83.
      2. 2. With de and abl.: de tigride natus, Ov. M. 9, 612; cf.: de stirpe dei nasci, id. ib. 11, 312: de pellice natus, id. ib. 4, 422: natus de muliere, Vulg. Job, 14, 1; 15, 14.
      3. 3. With abl. (so usually with proper names; and with general designations of parents, family, etc.): quos omnes Erebo et Nocte natos ferunt, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44: Hercules Jove natus, id. ib. 3, 16, 42: Nilo natus, id. ib. 3, 16, 42: nascetur Oedipus Lao, id. Fat. 13, 30: patre Marte, id. Rep. 2, 2, 4: Paulo, id. Off. 1, 33, 121: privignus Poppaeā natus, Suet. Ner. 55: Ascanius Creusā matre natus, Liv. 1, 3, 2: Junia, Vell. 2, 127, 4: amplissimā familiā nati adulescentes, Caes. B. G. 7, 37, 1: honestis parentibus, Quint. 1, 11, 85; Sen. Contr. 7, 21, 1: Mela quibus Gallio et Seneca parentibus natus, Tac. A. 16, 17: deus deo natus, Liv. 1, 16, 3: imperioso patre, id. 7, 4, 5; 9, 1, 12: Assaraco natus Capus, Enn. ap. Philarg. ad Verg. G. 3, 35 (Ann. v. 31 Vahl.): patre certo nasci, Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 46: Apolline natus, Ov. M. 15, 639: natus deā, son of a goddess, i. e. Achilles, id. M. 12, 86; so, natus deā, of Æneas, Verg. A. 1, 582: matre Musā natus, Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45: nascetur pulcrā Trojanus origine Caesar, Verg. A. 1, 286.
      4. 4. With ab and abl.: generari et nasci a principibus, Tac. H. 1, 16: et qui nascentur ab illo, Verg. G. 1, 434.
      5. 5. In other constrr.: post homines natos, since men have lived, Cic. Phil. 11, 1, 1: post genus hominum natum, id. Balb. 10, 26: in miseriam nascimur, id. Tusc. 1, 5, 9: aves omnes in pedes nascuntur, with the feet foremost, Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149: ad homines nascendos vim hujus numeri (septenarii) pertinere, to the formation of man in the womb, Gell. 3, 10, 7: homo nascitur ad laborem, i. e. it is his nature to suffer it, Vulg. Job, 5, 7.
    1. B. Transf., to rise, take beginning, derive origin, spring forth, grow, be found: O fortunatam natam me consule Romam, Cic. ap. Quint. 11, 1, 24; and ap. Juv. 10, 122: humi nascentia fraga, Verg. E. 3, 92: cum nata fuerint folia, Vulg. Marc. 13, 28: nascitur ibi plumbum album in mediterraneis regionibus, is found, produced, Caes. B. G. 5, 12: onyx nascitur circa Thebas Aegyptias, Plin. 36, 8, 12, § 61: ex palude nascitur amnis, rises, id. 36, 26, 65, § 190: nascere, praeque diem veniens age, Lucifer, almum, rise, Verg. E. 8, 17: unde nigerrimus Auster Nascitur, id. G. 3, 278: nascens luna, Hor. C. 3, 23, 2; id. S. 2, 4, 30: nascentia templa, newly built, Mart. 6, 4, 3: Circaeis nata forent an Lucrinum ad saxum … ostrea, Juv. 4, 140.
      To rise, be formed (of a hill): ab eo flumine collis nascebatur, Caes. B. G. 2, 18; cf.: nascitur altera moles, Sil. 3, 530.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To arise, spring forth, proceed from, be produced: scribes ad me, ut mihi nascatur epistulae argumentum, Cic. Fam. 16, 22, 2: nulla tam detestabilis pestis est, quae non homini ab homine nascatur, id. Off. 2, 5, 16: fateor ea me studiose secutum ex quibus vera gloria nasci posset, id. Fam. 15, 4, 13: facinus natum a cupiditate, id. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 82; id. Font. 16, 37: visus ei dicitur draco … dicere quo illa loci nasceretur, id. Div. 2, 66, 135: strumae nascuntur maxime in cervice, Cels. 5, 28, 7; 7, 12, 1 fin.; 7, 6, 4 fin.: onychem in Arabiae tantum montibus nasci putavere, Plin. 36, 7, 12, § 59: frumenta nata sunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 63, § 147: ex quo uno haec omnia nata et profecta esse concedit, id. Quint. 28, 85; id. Agr 2, 33, 90: profectio nata a timore defectionis, Caes. B. G. 7, 43: querelae verae nascuntur pectore ab imo, Cat. 64, 198: omnis obligatio vel ex contractu nascitur vel ex delicto, Gai. Inst. 3, 88 sq.
      With ut: ex hoc nascitur ut, hence it follows that, Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 63; Sen. Ep. 74, 11.
    2. B. Esp., of the spiritual renewal of a religious experience, to be regenerated, born again (eccl. Lat.): quod natum est ex spiritu, spiritus est, Vulg. Johan. 3, 6: nasci denuo, id. ib. 3, 7: natus ex Deo, id. 1 Johan. 3, 9, etc.
      Hence, P. a.
    1. A. nascens, entis, arising, beginning, nascent, infant, immature: ante Periclem et Thucydidem, qui non nascentibus Athenis, sed jam adultis fuerunt, littera nulla est, etc., Cic. Brut. 7, 27: eloquentiam pueris induunt adhuc nascentibus, Petr. 4: (vitulus) vexat nascenti robora cornu, Juv. 12, 9.
      1. 2. Subst.: nascentia, ĭum, n., organic bodies, esp. plants, Vitr. 5, 1, 3; 5, 8, 1.
    2. B. nātus, a, um, P. a., born; hence,
      1. 1. Subst.: nātus (gnātus), i, m., a son; and nāta (gnāta), ae, f. (dat. and abl. pl. natabus, where ambiguity is to be avoided, Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 733 P.; Inscr. Orell. 7421; Phocas, p. 1707 P.; v. Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 29), a daughter; in plur.: nati (gnati), children, offspring: caritas, quae est inter natos et parentes, Cic. Lael. 8, 27: bellum prope inter parentes natosque, Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 5, 40, 3: cum pecore et gnatis, Hor. S. 2, 2, 115: et trepidae matres pressere ad pectora natos, Verg. A. 7, 518: mihi ausculta, nate, pueros jube cremarier, Enn. ap. Non. 246, 11 (Trag. v. 329 Vahl.); Hor. S. 1, 3, 43: natam conlocare alicui, Plaut. Aul. Arg. 1, 15: o gnata, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 46 Vahl.): si quis gnatam pro mutā devovet agnā, Hor. S. 2, 3, 219; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 199: Hectoris natum de muro jactarier, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 10, § 70 Müll. (Trag. v. 130 Vahl.); so, Nerei natae, id. ap. Prisc. p. 733 P. (Trag. v. 135 Vahl.): maxima natarum Priami, Verg. A. 1, 654; Ov. M. 13, 661.
        Esp. in the phrase natus nemo, not a human being, nobody (Plautine for nemo mortalis): tamquam si natus nemo in aedibus habitet, Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 55 Lorenz ad loc.; id. ib. 2, 2, 20: nato nemini, id. Cas. 2, 4, 15; id. Ps. 1, 3, 63.
      2. 2. Adj.
        1. a. Natus alicui rei or ad aliquam rem, born, made, destined, designed, intended, produced by nature for any thing.
          1. (α) With dat. (class.): me credo huic esse natum rei, ferundis miseriis, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 6: non sibi se soli natum meminerit, sed patriae, sed suis, Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45: natus huic imperio, id. Cael. 24, 59: gurges atque helluo natus abdomini suo, non laudi atque gloriae, id. Pis. 17, 41: Judaei et Syri, nationes natae servituti, id. Prov. Cons. 5, 10.
          2. (β) With ad (class.): vir ad omnia summa natus, Cic. Brut. 68, 239: natus ad haec tempora, id. Phil. 12, 4, 9: ad dicendum natus aptusque, id. de Or. 1, 22, 99: ad haudem et ad decus nati, suscepti, instituti sumus, id. Fin. 5, 22, 63: ad hoc unum natus, id. Or. 28, 99: ut ad cursum equus, ad arandum bos, ad indagandum canis, sic homo ad intellegendum et agendum natus est, id. Fin. 2, 13, 40: natus ad sacra Cithaeron, Ov. M. 2, 223: canor mulcendas natus ad aures, id. ib. 5, 561.
          3. (γ) With inf. (poet.): quid meruere boves, animal … natum tolerare labores, Ov. M. 15, 120: sentes tantummodo laedere natae, id. de Nuce, 113.
          4. (δ) With in and acc. (poet.): nati in usum laetitiae scyphi, Hor. C. 1, 27, 1; Ov. M. 14, 99; 15, 117.
            (ε) With propter (rare): apros, animal propter convivia natum, Juv. 1, 141.
        2. b. Formed or constituted by nature in any manner: alius ager bene natus, alius male, Varr. R. R. 1, 6, 1: sarmenta male nata, Col. 4, 24, 7: ita natus locus est, Liv. 9, 2: inculti versūs et male nati, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 233.
          1. (β) Pro re natā, or (ante- and post-class.) e re natā, under the present circumstances, according to the state of affairs, as matters are: ut in his pro re natā non incommode possint esse, Cic. Att. 7, 14, 3: Antonii colloquium cum heroibus nostris pro re natā non incommodum, id. ib. 14, 6, 1; 7, 8, 2: e re natā melius fieri haud potuit, quam factum est, Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 8; App. M. 4, p. 143, 38.
        3. c. With a specification of time, so old, of the age of, etc.: eques Romanus annos prope XC. natus, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 62: annos natus unum et viginti, id. de Or. 3, 20, 74: cum annos ad quinquaginta natus esset, id. Clu. 40, 110: cum quinque et viginti natus annos dominatum occupavisset, id. Tusc. 5, 20, 57: Cato annos quinque et octoginta natus excessit e vitā, id. Brut. 20, 80; in inscr. ANNORVM NATVS, etc., Inscr. Mon. Scip. n. 7; Inscr. Marini Atti, p. 564.
          Sometimes, in order to specify the age more exactly, major or minor, without or with quam, is added: annos nata est sedecim non major, Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 23: minor quinque et viginti annis natus, Nep. Han. 3, 2: minor triginta annis natus, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 122: homo annos natus major quadraginta, over forty years old, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 49: Dionysius major annos sexaginta natus decessit, Nep. Reg. 2, 3: cum liberis majoribus quam quindecim annos natis, Liv. 45, 32, 3: minorem quam annos sex, majorem quam annos decem natam, negarunt capi fas esse, Gell. 1, 12, 1.
          For major, minor, sometimes with plus, minus (ante-class.): plus triginta annis natus sim, Plaut. Men. 3, 1, 1: annos sexaginta natus es aut plus, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11; cf.: non amplius novem annos natus, Nep. Han. 2, 3.
          Act. collat. form: nasco, ĕre, to be born, etc.: ubi germen nascere coeperit, Cato, R. R. 151 fin.

nāta, ae, f., v. natus, under nascor, P. a. B. 1.

năto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. n. and a. [no], to swim, to float.

  1. I. Lit.: qui neque in Oceano natare volueris studiosissimus homo natandi, Cic. Fam. 7, 10, 2: natant pisces aequore, Ov. P. 2, 7, 28: canis, per flumen, carnem dum ferret, natans, Phaedr. 1, 4, 2: natat uncta carina, floats, Verg. A. 4, 398: crura natantia, palmated feet, Ov. M. 14, 551; cf.: apta natando crura, id. ib. 15, 376.
    Of storm-tossed or shipwrecked persons, to float about, be tossed about: naufragus natans, Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 163; cf. trop.: et natat exuviis Graecia pressa tuis, Prop. 4 (5), 1, 115: cum saepe in portu fracta carina natet, id. 2, 25, 24 (3, 20, 24): Ithacum lugere natantem, Juv. 10, 257.
          1. (β) Poet., with acc.: nocte natat caecā serus freta, swims across, Verg. G. 3, 260: aquas, to swim in, Mart. 14, 196, 2: Tiberinum, to swim across, Juv. 8, 265.
            Hence, also, pass.: quot piscibus unda natatur, Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 25.
    1. B. Transf.
      1. 1. To swim or spread about (poet.): quā Tiberinus campo liberiore natat, Ov. F. 4, 291: natantibus radicibus, Col. Arb. 6; Prop. 2, 12, 52 (3, 7, 52): ingens medio natat umbra profundo, Stat. Th. 2, 42: niveo natat ignis in ore, id. Achill. 1, 161.
      2. 2. To swim or overflow with any thing, to be overflowed (mostly poet.).
          1. (α) With abl.: natabant pavimenta vino, Cic. Phil. 2, 41, 105: plenis Rura natant fossis, are inundated, Verg. G. 1, 372: sanieque aspersa natarent Limina, id. A. 3, 625: fletibus ora natant, Stat. Th. 2, 337: carmina in ipse ore natant, id. S. 2, 1, 18.
          2. (β) Absol.: exspectant imbres, quorum modo cuncta natabant Impulsu, Luc. 4, 330: plana natant, Sil. 4, 751.
      3. 3. Of the eyes, to swim (of drunken or dying persons), to be feeble, failing (poet.): vinis oculique animique natabant, Ov. F. 6, 673: moriens oculis natantibus Circumspexit Athin, id. M. 5, 72; Sil. 2, 122; cf.: ante oculos natant tenebrae, Ov. M. 12, 136: oculi natantes et quādam voluptate suffusi, Quint. 4, 3, 76.
      4. 4. To move to and fro, not stand still: nec vagus in laxā pes tibi pelle (i. e. calceo) natet, Ov. A. A. 1, 516; Calp. Ecl. 6, 43; Nemes. Cyn. 170.
      5. 5. Of birds, to fly: ardea sublimis pennae confisa natanti, Luc. 5, 554.
  2. II. Trop., to fluctuate, waver, be uncertain ( = titubare, huc atque illuc ferri): in quo quidem magis tu mihi natare visus es quam ipse Neptunus, Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 62: mutatio voluntatis indicat animum natare, Sen. Ep. 35, 4: pars multa (hominum) natat, modo recta capessens, Interdum pravis obnoxia, Hor. S. 2, 7, 6; Sil. 7, 726; Manil. 4, 256: vitreoque natant praetoria ponto, float or waver reflected in the water, Stat. S. 2, 2, 49.
    Hence, nătans, antis, P. a., swimming; hence, nătantes, ūm, poet. for fishes: genus omne natantum, Verg. G. 3, 541; Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 2, § 31.

1. nātus, a, um, Part. and P. a., born.
Subst.: nātus, i, m., a son; v. nascor fin.

2. nātus, ūs (used only in abl. sing.), m. [nascor], lit. birth; hence,

  1. * I. Of plants, a growing, growth: cupressus natu morosa, slow of growth, Plin. 16, 33, 60, § 139.
  2. II. With esp. reference to age, birth, age, years (the class. signif. of the word): non admodum grandis natu, not very old, Cic. Sen. 4, 10: tantus natu, so old, Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 16: grandior natu, id. Aul. 2, 1, 37: P. Scaptius de plebe magno natu, an old man, Liv. 3, 71, 3: homo magno natu, id. 10, 38, 6: magno natu principes, id. 21, 34, 2: dicitur matrem Pausaniae vixisse eamque jam magno natu, Nep. Paus. 5, 3; id. Dat. 7, 1; id. Tim. 3, 1: qui fuit major natu, quam Plautus, older, Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 3: cum ille Q. Scaevolam sibi minorem natu generum praetulisset, id. Brut. 26, 101: est tibi frater pari nobilitate, natu major, Tac. H. 1, 15: audivi ex majoribus natu hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasicā, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109: ex iis (filiis) duo natu majores, Vell. 1, 10, 3: minorem natu, quam ipse erat, fratrem, Sen. ad Polyb. 15, 5: frater major natu, Liv. 3, 13, 2: id meā minime refert qui sum natu maximus, Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 27: praeter Philippum maximum natu ex filiis, Liv. 45, 6, 9: qui maximus natu esset ex liberis ejus. Nep. Ages. 1, 3: ita enim maximus ex iis in concilio respondit, the oldest, Liv. 21, 19 med.: filius non maximus natu, Tac. G. 32: ex his omnibus natu minimus, Q. Saturius est, the youngest, Cic. Clu. 38, 107: maximo natu filius, for maximus natu, his eldest son, Nep. Dat. 7, 1.