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Jūda, v. Judas.

Jūdaea (post-Aug.; in inscrr. and coins IVDEA, Cohen, Descr. Hist. Monn. 1, 310 sqq.), ae, f., = Ἰουδαία,

  1. I. the country of the Jews, Judea, Palestine, Plin. 5, 14, 15, § 70; Suet. Tit. 4; Tac. H. 2, 79; 5, 9.
  2. II. Derivv.
    1. A. Jū-daeus, a, um, adj., = Ἰουδαῖος, of or belonging to Judea, Jewish: gens, Plin. 13, 4, 9, § 46: sacra, id. 31, 8, 44, § 95.
      Subst.: Jūdaei, ōrum, m., the Jews, Tac. H. 5, 2 sq.; 12, 23; Just. 36, 2; Hor. S. 1, 5, 100; Juv. 6, 547; 3, 18.
      Jūdaea, ae, f., a Jewess, Juv. 6, 543.
    2. B. Jūdăïcus, a, um, adj., Jewish: aurum, Cic. Fl. 28: superstitio, Quint. 3, 7, 21: jus, Juv. 14, 101: bellum, Tac. H. 2, 4: victoria, over the Jews, id. ib. 2, 78: exercitus, i. e. in Judea, id. ib. 2, 79: panis, unleavened, id. ib. 5, 4.
      Adv.: Jūdăĭcē, in the Jewish manner, superstitiously, Cod. Just. 1, 1; Vulg. 2 Reg. 18, 26.
      In the Hebrew language: exclamare, Vulg. 4 Reg. 18, 28.

Jūdăismus, i, m., Judaism (eccl. Lat.), Tert. adv. Marc. 1, 20.

Jūdăīzo, 1, v. n., to live in the Jewish manner, Vulg. Gal. 2, 14.

Jūdas, ae, or Jūda, indecl. m., = Ἰούδας.

  1. I. Judah, son of Jacob and patriarch of one of the tribes of Israel: istae sunt familiae Juda, Vulg. Num. 1, 26: dixit Judas fratribus suis, id. Gen. 37, 26.
    1. B. Transf., the tribe of Judah, descendants of Judah: in diebus illis salvabitur Juda, Vulg. Jer. 23, 6.
      Of the land inhabited by the tribe, Vulg. Judic. 10, 9 al.
  2. II. Jude or Judas, one of Christ’s apostles, Vulg. Jud. 1, 1; id. Matt. 13, 55.
  3. III. Judas Iscariot, Sedul. Carm. 5, 38; Vulg. Matt. 10, 4; Juvenc. 4, 428.
  4. IV. Judas Machabæus, Vulg. Macc. 2, 4 et saep.

jūdex, ĭcis, com. (f.: et sumus, ut fateor, tam saevā judice sontes, Luc. 10, 368; cf. 227; Ov. M. 2, 428; 8, 24; Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 91; Petr. poët. 122, v. 174 al.) [jus-, 2. dico], a judge (class.).

  1. I. Lit.: judex, quod judicat acceptā potestate, Varr. L. L. 6, § 61 Müll.: verissimus judex, Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84: nequam et levis, id. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 30: sanctissimus et justissimus plurimarum rerum, id. Planc. 13, 32: severissimi atque integerrimi, id. Verr. 1, 10, 30: apud judices causam agere, id. de Or. 2, 48, 199: habere aliquem judicem de re quapiam, id. Caecin. 17, 48: sedere judicem in aliquem, id. Clu. 38, 105: esse judicem de re pecuniaria, id. ib. 43, 120: aequum se judicem rei alicui praebere, id. Fam. 5, 2, 10: judici litem committere, Petr. 80: judicem ferre alicui, to offer or propose a judge to any one, which was done by the plaintiff: ni ita esset, multi privatim ferebant Volscio judicem, Liv. 3, 24: cum ei M. Flaccus, multis probris objectis, P. Mucium judicem tulisset, Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 285: judicem dicere, to name a judge, which was done by a defendant who was willing to submit the cause to a trial, Liv. 3, 56: dare judicem, to grant a judge, this was done by the prætor, who proposed the judges from whom the parties made their selection, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 30; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 5; Dig. 4, 4, 18: judices petere, to solicit judges, i. e. to ask that the cause be tried, not before the Senate, but before the ordinary judges, Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 2.
    Sometimes judex stands for consul: omnes Quirites, ite ad conventionem huc ad judices, Varr. L. L. 6, § 88 Müll.
  2. II. Trop., a judge, decider, umpire in any matter: cape, opsecro hercle, una cum eo judicem, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 30, Lorenz ad loc.: aequissimus eorum studiorum existimator et judex, Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 6: non ego Daphnim Judice te metuam, Verg. E. 2, 27; cf.: judice me, in my judgment, Juv. 8, 188: se judice, id. 13, 3: judice te non sordidus auctor, Hor. C. 1, 28, 14: grammatici certant et adhuc sub judice lis est, id. A. P. 78: bonus atque fidus, id. C. 4, 9, 41: sermonum candide, id. Ep. 1, 4, 1: judex morum, i. e. a censor, Juv. 4, 12.

jūdĭcābĭlis, e, adj. [judico], that may be judged of (post-class.), Mart. Cap. 5, § 461; also judicial, befitting a judge: judicabili vigore et censoria auctoritate, Ambros. in Psa. 37.

jūdĭcātĭo, ōnis, f. [judico].

  1. I. A judging, investigating (class.): longi subsellii, Cic. Fam. 3, 9, 2; hence, an inquiry into an accusation, a judicial examination of a cause, id. Inv. 1, 13, 18: consilium est ratio quaedam habens in se et inventionem et judicationem, Quint. 6, 5, 3.
  2. II. In gen., a judgment, opinion, Cic. Tusc. 4, 11, 26: arbitralis, Macr. S. 7, 1, 7: poetarum et carminum, a critical estimate, Mart. Cap. 4, § 338.

jūdĭcātō, adv., v. judico, P. a. fin.

‡ jūdĭcātōrĭum, δικαστήριον, Gloss. Philox.

jūdĭcātōrĭus, a, um, adj. [judicator], of or pertaining to a judge, judicial (eccl. Lat.): rigor, Aug. Ep. 54.

jūdĭcātrix, īcis, f. [judicator], she that judges or decides (post-Aug.): ars inventrix, et judicatrix, Quint. 2, 15, 21.

jūdĭcātum, i, n., v. judico, P. a.

1. jūdĭcātus, a, um, Part. and P. a., v. judico fin.

2. jūdĭcātus, ūs, m. [judico], a judgeship, the office of a judge (rare but class.): isti ordini judicatus lege Julia non patebit, Cic. Phil. 1, 8, 20: judicatu illo solvi, Gell. 14, 2, 25.

jūdĭcĭālis, e, adj. [judicium], of or belonging to the courts of justice, judicial: jus, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 103: annus, i. e. the year in which Pompey altered the form of trials, id. Brut. 69, 243: molestia, id. Att. 13, 6, 3: genus, rhetorical speeches containing an accusation or a defence, id. Inv. 1, 5, 7: porta judicialis, where justice is administered, Vulg. 2 Esdr. 3, 31.
Adv.: jūdĭ-cĭālĭter, judicially (post-class.), Sid. Ep. 5, 156.

jūdĭcĭārĭus, a, um, adj. [judicium], of or belonging to the courts, judiciary (class.): lex, Cic. Pis. 39, 94: quaestus, id. Clu. 26, 72: controversia, id. Verr. 2, 1, 2, § 5: leges, Suet. Aug. 56: Lex Julia judiciaria, Gai. Inst. 4, 104.

jūdĭcĭŏlum, i, n. dim. [judicium], a weak or feeble judgment (post-class.): juste, an secus, non judicioli est nostri, Amm. 27, 11, 1; 28, 4, 14.

jūdĭcĭum, ii, n. [judex], a judgment, i. e. a judicial investigation, trial; a judicial sentence (class.).

  1. I. Lit.: omnia judicia aut distrahendarum controversiarum aut puniendorum maleficiorum causā reperta sunt, Cic. Caecin. 2: dignitatis meae, concerning, id. Brut. 1, 1: praetor judicium prius de probro, quam de re fieri maluit, id. Quint. 2: de alicujus meritis judicia facere, id. Or. 41, 140: de mea fide, id. Fam. 11, 29, 2: de se, Caes. B. G. 1, 41, 2: inter sicarios, for assassination, Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 11: adducere causam aliquam in judicium, id. Opt. Gen. Or. 7, 18: judicio aliquid defendere, id. Quint. 20, 62: agere, to settle a dispute, Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120: ferre, to give his vote; of a judge (different from sententiam ferre, to pass sentence), Cic. Tog. Cand. p. 525 Orell.: exercere, id. Q. Fr. 2, 16, 3: vocare aliquem in judicium, to summon before court, id. Balb. 28, 64: judicio quempiam arcessere, to sue, id. Fl. 6, 14: sistere in judicium, to set before the court, Dig. 2, 5, 4: dare, to allow, grant a trial, of the prætor who proposes the judges: in Lurconis libertum judicium ex edicto dedit, Cic. Fl. 35, 88: judicium accipere, suscipere, to undertake a legal trial, id. Quint. 20, 62; Dig. 5, 3, 7: pati, to submit to, Cic. Quint. 20, 63: damnatus inani judicio Marius, Juv. 1, 48.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. A court of justice: at ille in judicium venit, Nep. Ep. 8: judicium clauserat militibus armatis, Quint. 4, 2, 25.
    2. B. Beyond the legal sphere, a judgment, decision, opinion with regard to any thing: meum semper judicium fuit, omnia nostros invenisse per se sapientius quam, etc., Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 1: decima legio per tribunos militum ei gratias egit, quod de se optimum judicium fecisset, Caes. B. G. 1, 41: judicium facere, quanti quisque sibi faciendus esset, to judge, decide, Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 1: meo judicio, in my judgment, according to my opinion, id. Brut. 8, 32; Quint. 9, 3, 59: ex alicujus judicio, Cic. Rosc. Am. 37, 108: de quo homine vos tanta et tam praeclara judicia fecistis, i. e. by conferring honors on him, id. de Imp. Pomp. 15, 43.
    3. C. The power of judging, judgment, discernment: studio optimo, judicio minus firmo praeditus, Cic. Or. 7, 24; id. Fam. 9, 6, 4: intellegens, id. Opt. Gen. Or. 4, 11: subtile, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 242: si quid mei judicii est, if I can judge of it, Cic. Fin. 2, 12, 36: videor id judicio facere, i. e. with discretion, good judgment, id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5, § 18; so Caes. B. G. 5, 27; Cic. Div. 2, 13, 30 dub.: adhibere, Tac. H. 1, 83: acri judicio perpendere aliquid, Lucr. 2, 1042.
    4. D. Judicial harangues, speeches in court: illa mala judicia, Quint. 10, 1, 70.

jūdĭco, āvi, ātum, 1 (judicassit for judicaverit, Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6), v. a. [judex], to examine judicially, to judge, be a judge, pass judgment, decide (syn.: judicium facio, reddo; class.).

  1. I. Lit.: si recte et ordine judicaris, Cic. Rosc. Am. 48, 138: cum magistratus judicassit, id. Leg. 3, 3, 6: ordo alius ad res judicandas postulatur, id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8: aliquid contra aliquem, id. Fl. 4, 11: judicare, deberi viro dotem, id. Caecin. 25 fin.: homo in rebus judicandis spectatus et cognitus, id. Verr. 1, 10, 29: judicantem vidimus Aeacum, Hor. C. 2, 13, 22: ad judicandum evocari, Suet. Galb. 14: ne aut spoliaret fama probatum virum, si contra judicavisset, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77: de bene meritis civibus potestas judicandi, id. Mil. 2, 4: res, id. Phil. 1, 8, 20; id. Verr. 2, 2, 31, § 76: ex aequo et bono, id. Caecin. 23, 63: mihi tris hodie litis judicandas dicito, Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 10.
    With kindred acc.: inclytum judicium, Poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 50, 114.
    Esp.,
    1. B. To condemn = damnare; quo jam diu sum judicatus, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 20: judicati atque addicti, Liv. 6, 34, 2; 6, 14, 10: judicatum pecuniae, id. 6, 14, 3: quoad vel capitis vel pecuniae judicasset privato, id. 26, 3, 8: quique judicati pecuniae in vinculis essent, id. 23, 14, 3: judicare aliquem pecuniae, to fine, Gell. 20, 1, 47: alicui perduellionem judicare, Liv. 1, 26.
  2. II. Transf. beyond the legal sphere.
    1. A. To judge, judge of a thing: aliquid oculorum fallacissimo sensu, Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91: quod egomet multis argumentis jam antea judicāram, id. Fam. 3, 4, 1: sic statuo et judico, neminem, etc., id. de Or. 2, 28, 22.
    2. B. To declare, proclaim a person to be any thing: judicetur non verbo sed re, non modo non consul, sed etiam, hostis Antonius, Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14: Deiotarum unum fidelem populo Romano, id. ib. 11, 13, 34: cujus rei exemplum pulcherrimum judicarem, Caes. B. G. 7, 77.
    3. C. To determine, resolve, conclude: de itinere ipsos brevi tempore judicaturos, Caes. B. G. 1, 40.
    4. D. To adjudge, make over to a person: nam ego ad Menaechmum nunc eo, cui jam diu Sum judicatus (al. quo), Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 20: judicata pecunia, Val. Max. 4, 1, 8.
      Hence, jūdĭ-cātus, a, um, P. a., decided, determined: mihi judicatum est deponere illam personam, I am determined, Cic. Fam. 7, 33, 2: res judicata, a decided matter taken as a precedent for other cases, id. Top. 5, 28; Quint. 5, 2, 1: infirmatio rerum judicatarum, Cic. Agr. 2, 3, 8.
      Also, sentenced, condemned: judicatum duci, Cic. de Or. 2, 63.
      Hence, subst.: jūdĭcātum, i, n., a matter judged or decided; a decision, judgment, precedent, authority: judicatum est id, de quo sententia lata est, aut decretum interpositum, Auct. Her. 2, 13, 19: judicatum est, de quo ante jam sententia alicujus … constitutum est, Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 68; id. Flac. 20, 48: quamvis postea judicatum fiat, tamen actio data non intercidit, Dig. 27, 3, 21.
    5. B. An award, a fine: solvere, Cic. Quint. 13, 44; 7, 29.
      Adv.: jūdĭcātō, deliberately (post-class.), Gell. 14, 1.