Lewis & Short

Parsing inflected forms may not always work as expected. If the following does not give the correct word, try Latin Words or Perseus.

‡ ulter, tra, trum, adj. (comp. ulterior, us; sup. ultimus) [cf.: uls, ollus, olim; and the advv. ultra, ultro], prop. that is beyond or on the other side. The posit. is not found, but the comp. and sup. are very freq.

  1. I. Comp.: ultĕrĭor, ĭus, farther, on the farther side, that is beyond, ulterior: quis est ulterior? Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 10: quorum alter ulteriorem Galliam decernit cum Syriā, alter citeriorem, i. e. transalpine, Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36: Gallia, id. Att. 8, 3, 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 7: portus, id. ib. 4, 23: Hispania, Suet. Caes. 7; 18; 56: pars urbis, Liv. 34, 20, 5: ripa, Verg. A. 6, 314; Vell. 2, 107, 1: ulterius medio spatium sol altus habebat, Ov. M. 2, 417.
    1. B. As subst.
      1. 1. ul-tĕrĭōres, um, m. (sc. homines), the more remote, or more distant persons, those beyond: cum ab proximis impetrare non possent, ulteriores tentant, Caes. B. G. 6, 2: recurritur ex proximis locis; ulteriores non inventi, Liv. 3, 60, 7: proximi ripae neglegenter, ulteriores exquisitius, Tac. G. 17.
      2. 2. ultĕrĭōra, um, n. (sc. loca or negotia).
          1. (α) Of places, the more remote parts or regions, the districts beyond: Mosellae pons, qui ulteriora coloniae annectit, Tac. H. 4, 77.
          2. (β) In gen., of things, that which is beyond, things beyond, farther, or in addition; things future: ulteriora mirari, praesentia sequi, Tac. H. 4, 8: ut dum proxima dicimus, struere ulteriora possimus, things beyond, what is to come, Quint. 10, 7, 8; cf.: pudor est ulteriora loqui, Ov. F. 5, 532; id. A. A. 3, 769: semper et inventis ulteriora petit, id. Am. 2, 9, 10.
      3. 3. Rarely sing.: ultĕrĭus, ōris, n., something more, any thing further: cujus (fero, tuli) praeteritum perfectum et ulterius non invenitur, Quint. 1, 6, 26.
  2. II. Sup.: ultĭmus, a, um, that is farthest beyond, i. e. the farthest, most distant, most remote, the uttermost, extreme, last; often to be rendered as a subst., the farthest or most distant part of any thing, etc. (opp. to citimus, while extremus is opp. to intimus).
    1. A. Lit., of space: illa minima (luna) quae ultima a caeio, citima terris luce lucebat alienā, Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16: partes, id. ib. 6, 20, 20: in ultimam provinciam se conjecit, id. Att. 5, 16, 4: devehendum in ultimas maris terrarumque oras, Liv. 21, 10, 12: orae, Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 3; Hor. C. 3, 3, 45; Liv. 5, 37, 2: campi, Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 95: Hesperia, Hor. C. 1, 36, 4: Africa, id. ib. 2, 18, 4: Geloni, id. ib. 2, 20, 18: in plateā ultimā, Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 28; id. Mil. 3, 1, 15: in ultimis aedibus, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 29: spelunca draconis, Phaedr. 4, 18, 3: cauda, i. e. the end of, Plin. 9, 5, 4, § 11: mors ultima linea rerum est, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 79.
      1. 2. Subst.
          1. (α) ultĭmi, ōrum, m. (sc. homines), the farthest or most remote people: recessum primis ultimi non dabant, Caes. B. G. 5, 43.
          2. (β) ultĭma, ōrum, n. (sc. negotia), the farthest or most remote things: praeponens ultima primis, Hor. S. 1, 4, 59: ultima signant, the goal, Verg. A. 5, 317.
          3. (γ) Rarely sing.: ultĭmum, i, n., the last, the end: caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultimum mundi est, Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91.
    2. B. Transf.
      1. 1. Of time or order of succession, the remotest, earliest, oldest, first; the last, latest, final: ultimi et proximi temporis recordatio, Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43: tam multis ab ultimā antiquitate repetitis, id. Fin. 1, 20, 65: tempora, id. Leg. 1, 3. 8: initium, Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14: principium, Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5: memoria pueritiae, id. Arch. 1, 1: memoria saeculorum, Just. 12, 16, 3: vetustas hominum, id. 2, 1, 20: sanguinis auctor, Verg. A. 7, 49: ultima quid referam? Ov. H. 14, 109: scilicet ultima semper Exspectanda dies homini est, last, id .M. 3, 135: aetas est de ferro, id. ib. 1, 127: vox, id. ib. 3, 499: dicta, id. ib. 9, 126: lapis, i. e. a gravestone, Prop. 1, 17, 20: cerae, i. e. a last will, testament, Mart. 4, 70, 2: aetas, Quint. 12, 4, 2: senectus, id. 11, 1, 10: virtute pares, necessitate, quae ultimum ac maximum telum est, superiores estis, Liv. 4, 28, 5: decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum senatus consultum, Caes. B. C. 1, 5.
        As subst.: ultĭma, ōrum, n.: perferto et ultima exspectato, final events, the end, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 2: ultima vitae, Calp. Ecl. 3, 91.
        Rarely sing.: matrem ultimo aetatis affectam, Aus. Vict. Or. Gent. Rom. 10.
        Adverb.: si fidem ad ultimum fratri praestitisset, to the last, Liv. 45, 19, 17; 3, 64, 8; 3, 64, 11; also (more freq.) at last, lastly, finally, = ad extremum, ad postremum, postremo: si qualis in cives, talis ad ultimum in liberos esset, Liv. 1, 53, 10; 5, 10, 8; 3, 10, 3: ne se ad ultimum perditum irent, id. 26, 27, 10; so, ultimo, Suet. Ner. 32 fin.; Petr. 20, 139; and, ultimum, for the last time, Liv. 1, 29, 3; Curt. 5, 12, 8; App. M. 2, p. 126.
      2. 2. Of degree or rank, and denoting the highest as well as the lowest extreme of either.
        1. a. The utmost, extreme, the highest, first, greatest, = summus, extremus: summum bonum, quod ultimum appello, Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 30: ultimae perfectaeque naturae, id. N. D. 2, 12, 33: ut absit ab ultimis vitiis ipse praeceptor ac schola, Quint. 2, 2, 15: ultimae causae cur perirent, etc., Hor. C. 1, 16, 18: scelus, Curt. 5, 12, 17: rex ad ultimum periculum venit, id. 7, 6, 22: facinus, id. 8, 8, 2; 6, 3, 13; 6, 9, 11: necessitas, id. 9, 12, 6; Liv. 2, 43, 3; 3, 4, 9; Sen. Clem. 1, 12, 5: ad ultimam inopiam adducere, Liv. 6, 3, 4; 37, 31, 2: ad ultimos casus servari, id. 27, 10, 11: dedecus, Curt. 9, 5, 11: exsecrationes, Just. 24, 2, 8: ultimum supplicium, extreme (i. e. capital) punishment, Caes. B. C. 1, 84; so, poena, Liv. 3, 58, 10; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 8: desperatio, Tac. H. 2, 48; 2, 44; Curt. 10, 8, 9; Liv. 42, 66, 1; Sen. Contr. 4, 29, 2: discrimen ultimum vitae et regni, Liv. 37, 53, 16; 23, 21, 2: ad ultimam perductus tristitiam, Petr. 24.
          Esp., as subst.: ultĭ-ma, ōrum, n.: omnia ultima pati, every extremity, the worst, Liv. 37, 54, 2: ultima pati, Ov. M. 14, 483; id. Tr. 3, 2, 11; Curt. 3, 1, 6: ultima audere, Liv. 3, 2, 11: priusquam ultima experirentur, id. 2, 28, 9.
          Rarely sing.: paene in ultimum gladiorum erupit impunitas, Vell. 2, 125, 2: ad ultimum inopiae adducere, to the last degree. Liv. 23, 19, 2; 31, 38, 1: ad ultimum periculi pervenire, Curt. 8, 1, 15.
          Trop.: ut in pecude, nisi quae vis obstitit, videmus naturam suo quodam itinere ad ultimum pervenire, Cic. N. D. 2, 13, 35.
          Adverb.: ad ultimum pro fide morituri, Curt. 3, 1, 7: consilium sceleratum, sed non ad ultimum demens, in the extreme, utterly, to the last degree, Liv. 28, 28, 8.
        2. b. The lowest, meanest (very rare): qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae, Vell. 1, 11, 1: principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35: ultima sit laudes inter ut illa tuas, Auct. Cons. ad Liv. 17: ultima pistoris illa uxor, the worst, App. M. 9, p. 224, 26.
          Subst.: ut vigiliis et labore cum ultimis militum certaret (consul), Liv. 34, 18, 5: in ultimis laudum, id. 30, 30, 4: in ultimis ponere, the lowest, meanest things, Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 91.

ultrō̆, adv., to the farther side, beyond, on the other side.

  1. I. Lit., so most usually in the connection ultro citroque, Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9; id. Ac. 1, 7, 28; Caes. B. G. 1, 42; Liv. 3, 5, 11; Auct. B. Hisp. 21: ultro et citro, Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56; id. Lael. 22, 85; id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60: ultro ac citro, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 16; or, without a copula, ultro citro, on this side and on that, this way and that, to and fro, on both sides, mutually, Cic. N. D. 2, 33, 84; Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 29; Suet. Calig. 19; App. M. 8, p. 211; v. citro; and cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 87 sqq.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Of distance, afar, away, off (so only in Plautus): Ty. Proin’ tu ab istoc procul recedas. He. Ultro istum a me! Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 19 Brix ad loc.: ultro istunc, qui exossat homines! id. Am. 1, 1, 164: ultro te amator apage te a dorso meo, id. Cas. 2, 8, 23.
    2. B. To denote that which is or is done over and above something else, besides, moreover, too: et mulier ut sit libera, atque ipse ultro det argentum, Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 26: celavit suos cives ultroque eis sumptum intulit, Cic. Fl. 19, 45: cavendo, ne metuant homines, metuendos ultro se efficiunt, Liv. 3, 65, 11: Sex. Naevius, qui, cum ipse ultro deberet, cupidissime contenderet, etc., Cic. Quint. 23, 74; cf.: non debui tibi pecuniam … ultro a me mutuatus es, Quint. 5, 10, 107; 12, 8, 7 Spald. N. cr.: his lacrimis vitam damus et miserescimus ultro, Verg. A. 2, 145: nunc ultro ad cineres ipsius Adsumus, id. ib. 5, 55 Forbig. ad loc.: ultro animos tollit dictis atque increpat ultro, id. ib. 9, 127.
      1. 2. Trop., superfluously, gratuitously, wantonly: qui ita putant, Sibi fieri injuriam ultro si quam fecere ipsi expostules, Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 4: sibi ultro per contumelias hostem insultare, Liv. 3, 62, 1.
    3. C. From beyond, from the other side, i. e. without influence or assistance from this side (cf. sponte, whose opposite is external compulsion or aid: ultro facio, non rogatus; sponte facio, non coactus neque adjutus; hence, ultro is esp. freq. with verbs of giving, offering, proposing, approaching, assailing, etc.), on his part, on their part, of himself, of themselves, etc.; of one’s own accord, without being asked, spontaneously, voluntarily: Gn. Jam haec tibi aderit supplicans Ultro. Thr. Credin’? Gn. Immo certe. Novi ingenium mulierum: Nolunt, ubi velis: ubi nolis, cupiunt ultro, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 42 sq.: O audaciam! etiam me ultro accusatum advenit? id. Phorm. 2, 3, 13: monstrum etiam ultro derisum advenit, id. Eun. 5, 2, 21: qui quoniam Erus quod imperavit neglexisti persequi, nunc venis etiam ultro inrisum dominum, Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 40: ut homines Galli spem imperii ultro sibi a patriciis hominibus oblatam neglegerent, id non divinitus factum esse putatis? Cic. Cat. 3, 9, 22: ultro aliquid offerre, id. Planc. 10, 26; cf. Quint. 7, 1, 50: offerendum ultro rati, Liv. 1, 17, 8: offerentibus ultro sese militibus, id. 27, 46, 3: cum id, quod antea petenti denegasset, ultro polliceretur, Caes. B. G. 1, 42: omnia ei ultro pollicitus sum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 1: nec mihi quicquam tali tempore in mentem venit optare, quod non ultro mihi Caesar detulerit, Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 2: has (tabulas) donavit his ultro, Quint. 5, 10, 111: subinvideo tibi, ultro te etiam arcessitum ab eo, of his own motion, Cic. Fam. 7, 10, 1: ultroque animam sub fasce dedere, Verg. G. 4, 204: quod divom promittere nemo Auderet, volvenda dies, en, attulit ultro, id. A. 9, 7: ultro ad terram concidit, id. ib. 5, 446: ultro ad me venit, Ter. And. 1, 1, 73; id. Eun. 1, 1, 2; Pers. 5, 172: ad aliquem ultro venire, Cic. Fam. 7, 21; cf. id. Fin. 2, 18, 58: quod occurrit ultro, Quint. 7, 1, 59: interrogantibus libenter respondeat, non interrogantes percontetur ultro, id. 2, 2, 6: quemadmodum impetum occupemus facere ultro in regem, Att. ap. Non. 355, 11: cum rex ab Attalo et Rhodiis ultro se bello lacessitum diceret, num Abydeni quoque, inquit, ultro tibi intulerunt arma? Liv. 31, 18, 2; 21, 1, 3; 1, 17, 8; 2, 13, 2: ne collegae auxilium, quod acciendum ultro fuerit, suā sponte oblatum sperneretur, id. 10, 19, 1 Weissenb. ad loc.: Cappadocem illum non modo recipiebat (Asia) suis urbibus, verum etiam ultro vocabat, Cic. Fl. 18, 61.
      So, ultro tributa (and sometimes written as one word, ultrotributa), expenditures made by the State for public works, Varr. L. L. 6, § 11 Müll.; Liv. 39, 44, 2; 43, 16, 2 and 7.
      Trop.: virtus saepius in ultro tributis est, gives rather than receives, Sen. Ben. 4, 1, 2.