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impendĕo (inp-), ēre, v. n. and (anteclass.) a. [in-pendeo], to hang over any thing, to overhang (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. signif.; cf. immineo).

  1. I. Lit.
        1. a. Neutr.: arbor in aedes illius impendet, Dig. 43, 26, 1: ut (gladius) impenderet illius beati cervicibus, Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62: poëtae impendere apud inferos saxum Tantalo faciunt, id. ib. 4, 16, 35; id. Fin. 1, 18, 60; cf. Lucr. 3, 980: nucem impendere super tegulas, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 2, 14; Lucr. 6, 564; cf.: impendentium montium altitudines, Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 98.
        2. b. Act.: nec, mare quae impendent, vesco sale saxa peresa, etc., Lucr. 1, 326.
  2. II. Trop., to hang or hover over a thing, to impend, to be near or imminent, to threaten.
        1. a. Neutr., constr. in aliquem, alicui, or absol.
          1. (α) With in aliquem: tantae in te impendent ruinae, Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 77: licet undique omnes in me terrores impendeant, Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31.
          2. (β) With dat.: nunc jam alia cura impendet pectori, Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 32: omnibus semper aliqui talis terror impendet, Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 35: poenas impendere iis, a quibus, etc., id. Rep. 3, 11 fin.: quid sibi impenderet, coepit suspicari, id. Clu. 24, 66.
          3. (γ) Absol.: nimborum nocte coortā Inpendent atrae formidinis ora superne, Lucr. 4, 174; 6, 254: quae vero aderant jam et impendebant, quonam modo ea depellere potuissetis? Cic. Mil. 28, 76; cf.: ut ea, quae partim jam assunt, partim impendent moderate feramus, id. Fam. 4, 14, 1: dum impendere Parthi videbantur, id. Att. 6, 6, 3: tanta malorum impendet Ἰλιάς, id. ib. 8, 11, 3: belli magni timor impendet, id. Fam. 2, 11, 1; cf.: ille quidem semper impendebit timor, ne, etc., id. Rep. 2, 28: Ea contentio quae impendet, id. Att. 2, 22, 3: vento impendente, Verg. G. 1, 365: pluviā, id. ib. 4, 191: magnum bellum impendet a Parthis, Cic. Att. 6, 2, 6; cf. id. Verr. 2, 5, 60, § 157; id. Prov. Cons. 17, 42: impendentia ex ruinis et commutatione status publici pericula, Vell. 2, 35, 3.
        2. b. Act.: quae res me impendet, Lucil. ap. Fest. s. v. me, p. 16 Müll.: tanta te impendent mala, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 2.
          Note: Part. pass.: impensus, a, um; poet. for impendens: tempestas atque tenebrae coperiunt maria ac terras inpensa superne, Lucr. 6, 491 Munro ad loc.; cf.: impensum ferrum, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1592.

impendo (inp-), di, sum, 3, v. a. [inpendo], to weigh out, lay out, expend (class.; cf.: insumo, erogo).

  1. I. Lit.: accipe inquam, nam hoc inpendit puplicum, Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 35: non erunt tam amentes, ut operam, curam, pecuniam impendant in eas res, quas, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 30, § 68 fin.: nummos in navem, Dig. 14, 1, 1, § 9: pecuniam in opsonio, etc., ib. 24, 1, 31 fin.: HS. octogies pro introitu novi sacerdotii, Suet. Claud. 9: istuc, quod tu de tua pecunia dicis impensum, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 47: nescio quid impendit et in commune contulit, id. Quint. 3, 12: certus sumptus impenditur, id. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227: intellegebant, sese sibi et populo Romano, non Verri et Apronio serere, impendere, laborare, id. ib. 2, 3, 52, § 121: sed quid ego vos, de vestro inpendatis, hortor? Liv. 6, 15, 9: quis aegram et claudentem oculos gallinam impendat amico tam sterili, lay out the value of, Juv. 12, 96.
  2. II. Transf., in gen., to expend, devote, employ, apply: impensurus omne aevi sui spatium in id opus, Vell. 2, 89: vitam usui alicujus, Tac. A. 12, 65: vitam patriae, Luc. 2, 382: vitam famae, Stat. S. 5, 1, 63: biennium libris componendis, Quint. Ep. ad Tryph. 1; cf. Suet. Aug. 98: tota volumina in hanc disputationem, Quint. 3, 6, 21: vim suam in plura, id. 1, 12, 2: operam, curam in aliquid, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 30, § 68: nihil sanguinis in socios, Ov. M. 13, 266: quid censetis in hoc foedere faciendo voluisse Mamertinos impendere laboris, operae, pecuniae, ne? etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 20, § 51: omnis impendunt curas distendere, etc., Verg. G. 3, 124: hunc oculum pro vobis impendi, Petr. 1: quae (studia) juvenibus erudiendis impenderam, Quint. prooem. § 1: omnia studiis, id. 12, 11, 19; cf.: tantum laboris studiis, id. 2, 4, 3; 1, 1, 3: aliquem exemplo, to use as a warning, Front. Strat. 4, 1, 33: verba animi proferre et vitam impendere vero, Juv. 4, 91.
    Hence,
      1. 1. impensus (inp-), a, um, P. a. (lit., profusely expended; hence), ample, considerable, great.
    1. A. Lit.: impenso pretio, i. e. high, dear, Cic. Att. 14, 13, 5; * Caes. B. G. 4, 2, 2; Liv. 2, 9, 6; for which also absol.: impenso, Hor. S. 2, 3, 245.
    2. B. Transf., large, great, strong, vehement: dear, expensive: in his rebus unus est solus inventus, qui ab hac tam impensa voluntate bonorum palam dissideret, Cic. Sest. 62, 130: voluntas erga aliquem, Liv. 35, 44, 3: libido, Lucr. 5, 964: studium, Fronto, Ep. ad M. Caes. 2, 4 Mai.: opera, Gell. 9, 14, 6.
      Comp.: impensior cura, Ov. M. 2, 405; Tac. H. 1, 31: verbis laudare, Val. Max. 4, 3, ext. 1: injurias atrociores impensiore damno vindicare, Gell. 20, 1, 32: vae misero illi, cujus cibo iste factuist impensior, larger, stouter, fatter, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 26: nam pol ingrato homine nihil impensiu’st, more expensive, id. Bacch. 3, 2, 10.
      Sup.: preces, Suet. Tib. 13.
      Hence, adv.: im-pensē (inp-).
        1. a. At great cost, expensively: impensius unge, puer, caules, Pers. 6, 68: bibliothecas incendio absumptas impensissime reparari curavit, Suet. Dom. 20.
        2. b. Transf., exceedingly, greatly, very much; earnestly, eagerly, zealously (freq.; esp. in the comp.; cf.: magnopere, admodum, perquam, etc.).
          1. (α) With verbs: illi invidere misere, verum unus tamen impense, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 23; cf.: aliquid impense cupere, id. Ad. 5, 9, 36: retinere, Liv. 40, 35, 7: petere, Quint. 10, 5, 18; Suet. Claud. 11: demirari, Gell. 9, 9, 15: atque acriter atque inflammanter facit (odium in Verrem), id. 10, 3, 13 (this the better read. al. incense).
            Comp.: eo facio id impensius, quod, etc., Cic. Fam. 13, 64, 1: agere gratias, Liv. 37, 56, 10: consulere, Verg. A. 12, 20: venerari numina, Ov. M. 6, 314: instare, id. ib. 7, 323: crescere his dignitas, si, etc., Liv. 1, 40, 2: accendi certamina in castris, id. 4, 46, 2.
          2. (β) With adjj.: impense improbus, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 39: impense doctus, Gell. 13, 10, 4.
      1. 2. impensa (inp-), ae, f. (sc. pecunia), outlay, cost, charge, expense (cf.: sumtus, impendium).
    1. A. Lit. (class.; in sing. and plur.): impensam ac sumptum facere in culturam, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 8: quoniam impensam fecimus in macrocola, Cic. Att. 13, 25, 3: nullam impensam fecerant, id. Phil. 6, 5, 19: arationes magna impensa tueri, id. Verr. 2, 3, 21, § 53: columnae nulla impensa dejectae, id. ib. 2, 1, 55, § 145: sine impensa, id. Rep. 2, 14: exigua, Suet. Vesp. 18: publica, id. Claud. 6: matris ac vitrici, id. Tib. 7: sua, Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 42: nostra, Ov. H. 7, 188: quia inpensa pecuniae facienda erat, Liv. 44, 23, 1: haec nimia est inpensa, Juv. 12, 97: finem impensae non servat prodiga Roma, id. 7, 138: parcere impensae, to economize, id. 5, 156.
      In plur.: atque etiam impensae meliores, muri, navalia, portus, aquarum ductus, etc., Cic. Off. 2, 17, 60: ludorum ac munerum, Suet. Tib. 34: operum ac munerum, id. Dom. 12: itineris, id. Vit. 7: cenarum, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 38: publicae, Tac. H. 4, 4; Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 63: nolo meis impensis illorum ali luxuriam, i. e. of my reputation, Nep. Phoc. 1, 4: inpensas conferre, to contribute to expenses, Juv. 3, 216.
    2. B. Transf. (so perh. not ante-Aug.).
        1. a. In gen.: cruoris, Ov. M. 8, 63: operum, Verg. A. 11, 228: officiorum, Liv. 37, 53, 12.
        2. b. In partic., that which is used up or expended for any purpose, materials, ingredients; for repairing an aqueduct (timber, stone, earth, etc.), Front. Aquaed. 124; of the stuffing for sausages, etc., Arn. 7, 231; of sacrifices, Petr. 137; of masonry, Pall. 1, 13.

impensa (inp-), ae, v. impendo fin. 2.

impensātĭo, ōnis, f. [in-penso], the expenditure, outlay.
Transf., destruction: corporis, Isid. 4, 7, 25.

impensē (inp-), adv., v. impendo, P. a. fin.

1. impensus (inp-), a, um, Part. and P. a., v. impendo.

2. impensus (inp-), ūs, m. [impendo], outlay, expense (post-class. for impensa): majore impensu, Symm. Ep. 1, 5.