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flōrĕo, ŭi, 2, v. n. [flos], to bloom, blossom, flower (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense; cf.: floresco, vigeo).

  1. I. Lit.: per terras frondent atque omnia florent, Lucr. 5, 214: florere omnia, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 69: haec arbor una (lentiscus) ter floret, Cic. Div. 1, 9, 16: possetne uno tempore florere, deinde vicissim horrere terra? id. N. D. 2, 7, 19: imputata floret usque vinea, Hor. Epod. 16, 44: vinea, segetes, Ov. F. 5, 263 sq.: narcisso floreat alnus, Verg. E. 8, 52: florentes ferulae, id. ib. 10, 25.
    Poet.: si bene floreat annus, Ov. F. 5, 327.
    1. B. Transf.
      1. 1. (Acc. to flos, I. B.) Of wine, to froth: si vinum florere incipiet, Col. 12, 30, 1: vina quoque in magnis operose condita cellis Florent, Ov. F. 5, 270.
      2. 2. To get the first downy beard: libat florentes haec tibi prima (dies) genas, Mart. 3, 6, 4.
      3. 3. To be filled with, to abound with any thing (ante-class. and poet.): mare velis florere videres, Cato ap. Charis. p. 185; cf.: mare velivolis florebat puppibus, Lucr. 5, 1442; cf.: hinc laetas urbes pueris florere videmus, id. 1, 255 Lachm.: Hybla multis thymis, Ov. P. 2, 7, 26: jam pridem regio … undat equis floretque viris, Val. Fl. 1, 547.
      4. 4. To bloom, i. e. to be bright with varied colors: pampineo gravidus autumno Floret ager, of the ripening fruits, Verg. G. 2, 6; of an army on the march: variis floret via discolor armis, Val. Fl. 5, 565; cf.: floret cristatus exercitus undique turmis, Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 133.
      5. 5. To be bright (cf. P. a. infra): lumina floruisse, Tert. Apol. 11: caelum luminibus floruisset, id. adv. Marc. 4, 42.
  2. II. Trop., to be in a flourishing or prosperous condition, to flourish, be in good repute, to be eminent, distinguished, etc.; constr. with the abl. and absol.
    1. A. Of persons and animate things.
          1. (α) With abl.: in sua patria multis virtutibus ac beneficiis floruit princeps, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 49, § 128: privatis officiis et ingenii laude floruit, id. de Or. 3, 2, 7: omni genere virtutis, id. Brut. 7, 28: cum acumine ingenii tum admirabili quodam lepore dicendi, id. Ac. 2, 6, 16: honoribus et rerum gestarum gloriā, id. de Or. 1, 1, 1: gratiā, auctoritate, gloriā, id. Fam. 4, 13, 2: laudibus, id. ib. 9, 14, 2: nobilitate discipulorum, id. de Or. 3, 35, 141: omnibus copiis (Crotoniatae), id. Inv. 2, 1, 1: tria genera dicendi, quibus quidam floruerunt, id. Or. 5, 20.
          2. (β) With in and abl.: in re militari Epaminondas, Nep. Epam. 5: ille vir, qui in Curia, in Rostris, in re publica floruisset, etc., Cic. Cael. 24, 59: in foro, id. Ac. 2, 1, 1: in sententis senatoriis et in omni actione atque administratione rei publicae, id. Fam. 1, 9, 2: in senectute, id. Lael. 1, 4.
          3. (γ) Absol.: ergo in Graecia musici floruerunt, Cic. Tusc. 1, 2, 4; id. Ac. 2, 6, 16; cf.: floret Epicurus, id. Off. 3, 33, 116: qui inter illos florebas, id. Quint. 26, 80: cum multis simul floruit, Quint. 3, 1, 9: floruit circa Philippum, id. 12, 10. 6: circum tribus actis impiger annis Floret equus, is in his bloom, prime, Lucr. 5, 884.
    2. B. Of inanim. and abstr. things.
          1. (α) With abl.: illa vetus (Graecia), quae quondam opibus, imperio, gloria floruit, hoc uno malo concidit, Cic. Fl. 7, 16: familia, quae postea viris fortissimis floruit. id. Phil. 9, 2, 4: doctissimorum hominum familiaritates, quibus semper domus nostra floruit, id. N. D. 1, 3, 6; id. Font. 14, 31: meus ad urbem accessus incredibili hominum multitudine et gratulatione florebat, id. Sest. 63, 131: aliquid floret laudibus, Lucr. 5, 1279.
          2. (β) Absol.: quae (magna Graecia) nunc quidem deleta est, tunc florebat, Cic. Lael. 4, 13: quae familia admodum floruit, Suet. Ner. 6: quorum auctoritas maxime florebat, Cic. Rep. 2, 34: gloria generis floret, id. Fl. 11, 25: verborum vetus interit aetas, Et juvenum ritu florent modo nata vigentque, Hor. A. P. 62: aetherii dono cessere parentes Aeternum florere genas, to shine in perpetual bloom, perpetual youth, Stat. Th. 1, 705.
            Hence, flō-rens, entis, P. a.
    1. A. Lit., shining, glistening, glittering, bright (poet. and in postclass. prose): Ennius et Lucretius florere dicunt omne quod nitidum est, Serv. Verg. A. 7, 804: lucernarum florentia lumina flammis, Lucr. 4, 450; so, smaragdi arcano igne, Stat. Th. 2, 276: postes arcano lumine, id. ib. 1, 210: catervae aere, Verg. A. 7, 804: exercitus insignibus argenteis et aureis, Gell. 5, 5, 2.
      1. 2. Abounding in flowers: vertice de summo semper florentis Hymetti, Ov. M. 7, 702.
        Subst.: florens, ntis, f., a garland: do hanc tibi florentem florenti, Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 18 (cf. B. 1. β infra).
    2. B. Trop. (acc. to II.), flourishing, prosperous, in the prime, in repute, fine, excellent.
      1. 1. Of animate things.
          1. (α) With abl.: complecti hominem florentem aetate, opibus, honoribus, ingenio, liberis, propinquis, affinibus, amicis, Cic. Fam. 2, 13, 2: gratia atque hospitiis florens hominum nobilissimorum, id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15: regina Berenice florens aetate formaque, Tac. H. 2, 81; cf.: ambo florentes aetatibus, Verg. E. 7, 4.
          2. (β) Absol.: qui te beatum, qui florentem putas, Cic. Par. 2, 18: quos ego florentis atque integros sine ferro viceram, id. Planc. 35, 86: oratores florentes et leviter ornati, id. Or. 6, 20: florens et illustris adolescens, Caes. B. G. 7, 32, 4: exorta semper florentis Homeri species, Enn. ap. Lucr. 1, 124.
            Plur. as subst.: flōrentes, um, the prosperous (opp. afflicti), Nep. Att. 11, 4.
      2. 2. Of inanim. and abstr. things.
          1. (α) With abl.: florentes viribus anni, Sil. 1, 226; so, anni vigore, Petr. 132: animus vino, joyous, Gell. 6, 13, 4.
          2. (β) Absol.: (majores nostri) ex minima tenuissimaque re publica maximam et florentissimam nobis reliquerunt, Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 50; cf.: civitas (Ubiorum) ampla atque florens, Caes. B. G. 4, 3, 3: invidetur praestanti florentique fortunae, Cic. de Or. 2, 52, 210: florens amicitia (opp. afflicta), id. Quint. 30, 93: quod eo consilio florentissimis rebus domos suas Helvetii reliquissent, uti, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 30, 3; cf.: neu florentes res suas cum Jugurthae perditis misceret, Sall. J. 83, 1: florentes Etruscorum opes, Liv. 1, 2, 3: florentissima Samnitium castra, Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72: equus florenti aetate, Lucr. 5, 1074: aevo florente puellae, id. 3, 1008; cf.: adhuc florente juventa Fervidus, Hor. A. P. 115: florentissima ejus erat aetas, Liv. 30, 12, 17: nostrum opus tibi probari laetor: ex quo ἄνθη ipsa posuisti, quae mihi florentiora sunt visa tuo judicio, Cic. Att. 16, 11, 1; cf.: modus nullus est florentior in singulis verbis (quam translatio), id. de Or. 3, 41, 166; id. Or. 27, 96: oratio florentissima, Gell. 15, 28, 5; cf. also: florentis facundiae homo, id. 19, 9, 2
            Adv.: flōrenter, flourishingly, famously (late Lat.): florentissime docet, i. e. with great repute, celebrity, Hier. Chron. Euseb. an. 358.

1. flōrus, a, um, adj. [flos], shining, bright (very rare): equus florā et comanti jubā, Gell. 3, 9, 3: crines, lanugo (al. florei and florea); v. floreus, II.

2. Flōrus, i, m., a Roman surname. So esp.,

  1. I. Julius Florus, a celebrated orator of Gaul, a pupil of Portius Latro, Quint. 10, 3, 13 Spald.; perh. the same to whom the three epistles of the 1st book and the two of the 2d book of the Epistles of Horace are addressed.
  2. II. Florus, called in some MSS. L. Annaeus, in others Julius, who compiled a brief history of Rome; he probably wrote in the time of Hadrian; v. Dict. of Biogr. 2, p. 176 sq.; Teuffel, Roem. Lit. p. 786 sq.
  3. III. Gessius Florus, procurator of Judaea in the reign of Nero, Tac. H. 5, 10.
  4. IV. Julius Florus, a nobleman of the Treviri, a leader of revolt, Tac. A. 3, 40 sqq.

flōs, ōris, m. [root fla-; Gr. ἐκ-φλαίνω, to stream forth; cf. φλασμός; Lat. flare, flamen, etc., v. flo], a blossom, flower.

  1. I. Lit.: suaves flores, Lucr. 1, 8: juvat novos decerpere flores, id. 1, 928: novi, Hor. C. 4, 1, 32: recentes, id. ib. 3, 27, 44: verni, id. ib. 2, 11, 9: florum omnium varietas, Cic. de Sen. 15, 54: suavitas odorum, qui afflarentur e floribus, id. ib. 17, 59: laetissimi flores, id. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107: ninguntque rosarum Floribus, Lucr. 2, 628: flores rosae, rosarum, Hor. C. 2, 3, 14; 3, 29, 3; 4, 10, 4: piabunt floribus et vino Genium, id. Ep. 2, 1, 144; cf.: fons Bandusiae, dulci digne mero non sine floribus, id. C. 3, 13, 2: nitidum caput impedire myrto Aut flore, id. ib. 1, 4, 10: recte necne crocum floresque perambulet Attae Fabula, si dubitem, etc., the stage strewed with flowers, id. Ep. 2, 1, 79: carduus florem purpureum mittit inter medios aculeos, puts forth, Plin. 20, 23, 99, § 262; cf. id. 21, 6, 17, § 31: legere, Ov. M. 4, 315.
    1. B. Transf.
      1. 1. The honey of flowers sucked out by the bees: rure levis verno flores apis ingerit alveo, Conpleat ut dulci sedula melle favos, Tib. 2, 1, 49; Verg. G. 4, 39; Plin. 11, 7, 7, § 17.
      2. 2. In gen., like the Gr. ἄνθος, for whatever forms either the best part or the highest part of a thing (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose).
        1. a. The flower of any thing, i. e. the prime or best part, also the best kind of any thing: postquam est honoratus frugum et floris Liberi, the bouquet or flavor of wine, Pac. ap. Non. 498, 12; so, vini (Bacchi), Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 1; id. Cas. 3, 5, 16; Lucr. 3, 221.
          The best kind of oil, Plin. 15, 6, 6, § 23; of wax, id. 21, 14, 49, § 84; of rosin, id. 14, 20, 25, § 124; of salt, id. 13, 1, 2, § 14; Cato, R. R. 88, 2; of meal, Plin. 18, 9, 20, § 86 et saep.; of cream, Vitr. 8, 3; of the finest dish: cenae, Favorin. ap. Gell. 15, 8, 2.
        2. b. The highest part, the top, crown, head of a thing.
          Of the froth of wine, Cato, R. R. 11, 2; Col. 12, 30; Plin. 14, 21, 27, § 136.
          The blisters, scales that are formed in smelting metals, id. 34, 11, 24, § 107; the upper dust of marble or gypsum, Col. 12, 20, 8.
          Poet. of the first downy hairs of the beard: nunc primum opacat flore lanugo genas, Pac. ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. genas, p. 94 Müll. N. cr.; Verg. A. 8, 160; Luc. 6, 562: ante genas dulces quam flos juvenilis inumbret, Claud. in Prob. Cons. Pan. 69.
          Donec flammai fulserunt flore coorto, a tip or flash of flame, Lucr. 1, 900.
      3. 3. In archit., carved flowers placed as ornaments on a Corinthian capital, Vitr. 4, 1, 12; on a cupola, id. 4, 8.
  2. II. Trop., the flower, crown, ornament of any thing (class.; a favorite flg. of Cic.).
    1. A. In gen.: ea tempestate flos poëtarum fuit (Plautus), Plaut. Cas. prol. 18: sic omnis fetus repressus, exustusque siti flos veteris ubertatis exaruit, Cic. Brut. 4, 16: (Ennius) flos delibatus populi … qua (eloquentia) virum excellentem praeclare tum illi homines florem populi esse dixerunt, id. ib. 15, 58 sq. (cf. Enn. Ann. v. 309 ed. Vahl.): flos nobilitatis ac juventutis, id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; so, legatorum, id. Fl. 26, 61: versaris in optimorum civium vel flore vel robore, id. Or. 10, 34; cf.: quod floris, quod roboris in juventute fuerat, amiserant, Liv. 37, 12, 7: ex morbo velut renovatus flos juventae, id. 28, 35, 7; 26, 2, 6; Curt. 3, 5, 8: provincia Galliae … ille flos Italiae, illud firmamentum imperii populi Romani, illud ornamentum dignitatis, Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13: flos dignitatis, id. Balb. 6, 15; cf.: ego te, Crasse, cum vitae flore, tum mortis opportunitate, divino consilio et ortum et exstinctum esse arbitror, splendor, glory, id. de Or. 3, 3, 12: in ipso Graeciae flore, in the very flower, the most flourishing condition, id. N. D. 3, 33, 82: flos aetatis, the flower of one’s age, the prime of life, Lucr. 3, 770; 5, 847; cf.: non venirem contra gratiam, non virtutis spe, sed aetatis flore collectam, Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3.
      Without aetas: Pa. Anni? Ch. Anni? Sedecim. Pa. Flos ipse, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 28: viridissimo flore puella, Cat. 17, 14: in flore primo tantae indolis juvenis exstinctus est, Plin. Ep. 5, 9, 5: in flore virium se credens esse, Liv. 42, 15, 2: primus flos animi, youthful vigor, Stat. Ach. 1, 625; but also: flos animi, ripe age, Sen. Ep. 26: videmus Vergilium ea de causa hortorum dotes fugisse, et e tantis, quae retulit, flores modo rerum decerpsisse, i. e. the choicest, best, Plin. H. N. 14 praef. § 7.
      1. 2. Transf.: flos aetatis, maidenly or youthful innocence (of girls or boys), virginity: (virgo) cum castum amisit polluto corpore florem, Cat. 62, 46: Hasdrubal flore aetatis, uti ferunt, primo Hamilcari conciliatus, Liv. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 21, 3, 4: florem aetatis (Caesaris) in Bithynia contaminatum, Suet. Caes. 49.
    2. B. In partic., of speech, a flower, embellishment, ornament: ut porro conspersa sit (oratio) quasi verborum sententiarumque floribus, etc., Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 96: flos aut lumen eloquentiae, id. Brut. 17, 66; cf.: nullus flos tamen neque lumen ullum (in M. Crassi oratione), id. ib. 66, 233: florem et colorem defuisse, id. ib. 87, 298: alia copia locuples, alia floribus laeta, Quint. 8, 3, 87: male audire … nimiis floribus et ingenii affluentia, id. 12, 10, 13.