Lewis & Short

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‡ ulter, tra, trum, adj. (comp. ulterior, us; sup. ultimus) [cf.: uls, ollus, olim; and the advv. ultra, ultro], prop. that is beyond or on the other side. The posit. is not found, but the comp. and sup. are very freq.

  1. I. Comp.: ultĕrĭor, ĭus, farther, on the farther side, that is beyond, ulterior: quis est ulterior? Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 10: quorum alter ulteriorem Galliam decernit cum Syriā, alter citeriorem, i. e. transalpine, Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36: Gallia, id. Att. 8, 3, 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 7: portus, id. ib. 4, 23: Hispania, Suet. Caes. 7; 18; 56: pars urbis, Liv. 34, 20, 5: ripa, Verg. A. 6, 314; Vell. 2, 107, 1: ulterius medio spatium sol altus habebat, Ov. M. 2, 417.
    1. B. As subst.
      1. 1. ul-tĕrĭōres, um, m. (sc. homines), the more remote, or more distant persons, those beyond: cum ab proximis impetrare non possent, ulteriores tentant, Caes. B. G. 6, 2: recurritur ex proximis locis; ulteriores non inventi, Liv. 3, 60, 7: proximi ripae neglegenter, ulteriores exquisitius, Tac. G. 17.
      2. 2. ultĕrĭōra, um, n. (sc. loca or negotia).
          1. (α) Of places, the more remote parts or regions, the districts beyond: Mosellae pons, qui ulteriora coloniae annectit, Tac. H. 4, 77.
          2. (β) In gen., of things, that which is beyond, things beyond, farther, or in addition; things future: ulteriora mirari, praesentia sequi, Tac. H. 4, 8: ut dum proxima dicimus, struere ulteriora possimus, things beyond, what is to come, Quint. 10, 7, 8; cf.: pudor est ulteriora loqui, Ov. F. 5, 532; id. A. A. 3, 769: semper et inventis ulteriora petit, id. Am. 2, 9, 10.
      3. 3. Rarely sing.: ultĕrĭus, ōris, n., something more, any thing further: cujus (fero, tuli) praeteritum perfectum et ulterius non invenitur, Quint. 1, 6, 26.
  2. II. Sup.: ultĭmus, a, um, that is farthest beyond, i. e. the farthest, most distant, most remote, the uttermost, extreme, last; often to be rendered as a subst., the farthest or most distant part of any thing, etc. (opp. to citimus, while extremus is opp. to intimus).
    1. A. Lit., of space: illa minima (luna) quae ultima a caeio, citima terris luce lucebat alienā, Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16: partes, id. ib. 6, 20, 20: in ultimam provinciam se conjecit, id. Att. 5, 16, 4: devehendum in ultimas maris terrarumque oras, Liv. 21, 10, 12: orae, Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 3; Hor. C. 3, 3, 45; Liv. 5, 37, 2: campi, Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 95: Hesperia, Hor. C. 1, 36, 4: Africa, id. ib. 2, 18, 4: Geloni, id. ib. 2, 20, 18: in plateā ultimā, Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 28; id. Mil. 3, 1, 15: in ultimis aedibus, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 29: spelunca draconis, Phaedr. 4, 18, 3: cauda, i. e. the end of, Plin. 9, 5, 4, § 11: mors ultima linea rerum est, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 79.
      1. 2. Subst.
          1. (α) ultĭmi, ōrum, m. (sc. homines), the farthest or most remote people: recessum primis ultimi non dabant, Caes. B. G. 5, 43.
          2. (β) ultĭma, ōrum, n. (sc. negotia), the farthest or most remote things: praeponens ultima primis, Hor. S. 1, 4, 59: ultima signant, the goal, Verg. A. 5, 317.
          3. (γ) Rarely sing.: ultĭmum, i, n., the last, the end: caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultimum mundi est, Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91.
    2. B. Transf.
      1. 1. Of time or order of succession, the remotest, earliest, oldest, first; the last, latest, final: ultimi et proximi temporis recordatio, Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43: tam multis ab ultimā antiquitate repetitis, id. Fin. 1, 20, 65: tempora, id. Leg. 1, 3. 8: initium, Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14: principium, Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5: memoria pueritiae, id. Arch. 1, 1: memoria saeculorum, Just. 12, 16, 3: vetustas hominum, id. 2, 1, 20: sanguinis auctor, Verg. A. 7, 49: ultima quid referam? Ov. H. 14, 109: scilicet ultima semper Exspectanda dies homini est, last, id .M. 3, 135: aetas est de ferro, id. ib. 1, 127: vox, id. ib. 3, 499: dicta, id. ib. 9, 126: lapis, i. e. a gravestone, Prop. 1, 17, 20: cerae, i. e. a last will, testament, Mart. 4, 70, 2: aetas, Quint. 12, 4, 2: senectus, id. 11, 1, 10: virtute pares, necessitate, quae ultimum ac maximum telum est, superiores estis, Liv. 4, 28, 5: decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum senatus consultum, Caes. B. C. 1, 5.
        As subst.: ultĭma, ōrum, n.: perferto et ultima exspectato, final events, the end, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 2: ultima vitae, Calp. Ecl. 3, 91.
        Rarely sing.: matrem ultimo aetatis affectam, Aus. Vict. Or. Gent. Rom. 10.
        Adverb.: si fidem ad ultimum fratri praestitisset, to the last, Liv. 45, 19, 17; 3, 64, 8; 3, 64, 11; also (more freq.) at last, lastly, finally, = ad extremum, ad postremum, postremo: si qualis in cives, talis ad ultimum in liberos esset, Liv. 1, 53, 10; 5, 10, 8; 3, 10, 3: ne se ad ultimum perditum irent, id. 26, 27, 10; so, ultimo, Suet. Ner. 32 fin.; Petr. 20, 139; and, ultimum, for the last time, Liv. 1, 29, 3; Curt. 5, 12, 8; App. M. 2, p. 126.
      2. 2. Of degree or rank, and denoting the highest as well as the lowest extreme of either.
        1. a. The utmost, extreme, the highest, first, greatest, = summus, extremus: summum bonum, quod ultimum appello, Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 30: ultimae perfectaeque naturae, id. N. D. 2, 12, 33: ut absit ab ultimis vitiis ipse praeceptor ac schola, Quint. 2, 2, 15: ultimae causae cur perirent, etc., Hor. C. 1, 16, 18: scelus, Curt. 5, 12, 17: rex ad ultimum periculum venit, id. 7, 6, 22: facinus, id. 8, 8, 2; 6, 3, 13; 6, 9, 11: necessitas, id. 9, 12, 6; Liv. 2, 43, 3; 3, 4, 9; Sen. Clem. 1, 12, 5: ad ultimam inopiam adducere, Liv. 6, 3, 4; 37, 31, 2: ad ultimos casus servari, id. 27, 10, 11: dedecus, Curt. 9, 5, 11: exsecrationes, Just. 24, 2, 8: ultimum supplicium, extreme (i. e. capital) punishment, Caes. B. C. 1, 84; so, poena, Liv. 3, 58, 10; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 8: desperatio, Tac. H. 2, 48; 2, 44; Curt. 10, 8, 9; Liv. 42, 66, 1; Sen. Contr. 4, 29, 2: discrimen ultimum vitae et regni, Liv. 37, 53, 16; 23, 21, 2: ad ultimam perductus tristitiam, Petr. 24.
          Esp., as subst.: ultĭ-ma, ōrum, n.: omnia ultima pati, every extremity, the worst, Liv. 37, 54, 2: ultima pati, Ov. M. 14, 483; id. Tr. 3, 2, 11; Curt. 3, 1, 6: ultima audere, Liv. 3, 2, 11: priusquam ultima experirentur, id. 2, 28, 9.
          Rarely sing.: paene in ultimum gladiorum erupit impunitas, Vell. 2, 125, 2: ad ultimum inopiae adducere, to the last degree. Liv. 23, 19, 2; 31, 38, 1: ad ultimum periculi pervenire, Curt. 8, 1, 15.
          Trop.: ut in pecude, nisi quae vis obstitit, videmus naturam suo quodam itinere ad ultimum pervenire, Cic. N. D. 2, 13, 35.
          Adverb.: ad ultimum pro fide morituri, Curt. 3, 1, 7: consilium sceleratum, sed non ad ultimum demens, in the extreme, utterly, to the last degree, Liv. 28, 28, 8.
        2. b. The lowest, meanest (very rare): qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae, Vell. 1, 11, 1: principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35: ultima sit laudes inter ut illa tuas, Auct. Cons. ad Liv. 17: ultima pistoris illa uxor, the worst, App. M. 9, p. 224, 26.
          Subst.: ut vigiliis et labore cum ultimis militum certaret (consul), Liv. 34, 18, 5: in ultimis laudum, id. 30, 30, 4: in ultimis ponere, the lowest, meanest things, Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 91.

ultĕrĭus, adv., v. ultra, I. D.

ultrā, adv. and prep. [ulter].

  1. I. Adv.
    1. A. Prop., on the other side: dextera nec citra mota nec ultra, neither on that side nor on this, neither backwards nor forwards, Ov. M. 5, 186.
    2. B. Transf., in gen., beyond, farther, over, more, besides; of space (rare): ultra procedendi facultas, Auct. B. Afr. 50, 3.
      1. 2. Of time, degree, etc.: estne aliquid ultra, quo progredi crudelitas possit? Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 119: ne quid ultra requiratis, id. Univ. 3: ut nihil possit ultra, id. Att. 15, 1, B, 2: quia ultra nihil habemus, id. Tusc. 1, 39, 94: melius ultra quam citra stat oratio, Quint. 8, 6, 76; 3, 1, 9: quid ultra Provehor? Verg. A. 3, 480: jam nihil ultra exspectantibus, Quint. 9, 4, 30; cf. id. 7, 1, 59: eam (mortem) cuncta mortalium mala dissolvere; ultra neque curae neque gaudio locum esse, Sall. C. 51, 20: hac tempestate serviundum aut imperandum … nam quid ultra? id. Or. Lepid. contra Sull. 5: nullum ultra periculum vererentur, Hirt. B. G. 8, 39: quos alios muros, quae jam ultra moenia habetis? Verg. A. 9, 782.
        Of time: usque ad Attium et ultra porrectas syllabas geminis vocalibus scripserunt, farther, later, Quint. 1, 7, 14: nec ultra bellum Latinum dilatum, Liv. 2, 19, 2.
    3. C. Esp., on account of its comparative sense, freq. followed by quam: ultra enim quo progrediar, quam ut veri videam similia, non habeo, Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 17: ultra quam homini datum est provehi, Quint. 6, prooem. § 10: ultra quam satis est, Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91; 1, 18, 26; Quint. 12, 7, 12: ultra quam oporteat, id. 2, 4. 7; 2, 5, 24: ultra quam ullus spiritus durare possit, id. 8, 2, 17; Liv. 40, 30, 5: nec ultra moratus, quam, etc., Tac. A. 6, 44.
    4. D. Comp.: ultĕrĭus, in the signif. of the posit., beyond, farther on, farther (mostly poet.; in prose rare and only postAug.).
          1. (α) = ultra, cum quo Riphaeos possim conscendere montes Ulteriusque domo vadere Memnoniā, Prop. 1, 6, 4: abire, Ov. M. 2, 872: ulterius nihil est, nisi non habitabile frigus, id. Tr. 3, 4, 51.
          2. (β) Transf., = longius or amplius; procedere, Quint. 5, 11, 34: ulterius ne tende odiis, Verg. A. 12, 938: si me ulterius provexerit ira, Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 19: revocavit me cogitationi aptae traditum, et iturum, si licuisset, ulterius, Sen. Ep. 102, 1: robur ulterius adversus eam saeviendi gentem, Val. Max. 1, 1, 15: nec ulterius dare corpus inutile leto Aut vacat aut curat, farther, longer, more, Ov. M. 12, 344: non tulit ulterius, id. ib. 3, 487: rogabat Ulterius justo, beyond what was right, more than was right, id. ib. 6, 470.
    5. E. Sup.: ultĭmē.
      1. 1. Extremely, to the last degree: nudam flagris ultime verberat, App. M. 10, p. 250, 33: affectus, id. ib. 1, p. 105, 22.
      2. 2. At last, Sen. Ep. 76, 22 (dub.; al. ultimum).
  2. II. Prep. with acc., on the farther side of, beyond, past: cis Padum ultraque, Liv. 5, 35, 4: ultra Silianam villam, Cic. Att. 12, 27, 1: milibus passuum II. ultra eum (montem) castra fecit, Caes. B. G. 1, 48; 1, 49; id. B. C. 3, 26; 3, 66: ultra Terminum, Hor. C. 1, 22, 10: dextra paulum prolata ultra sinum, Quint. 11, 3, 159; cf. id. ib. § 118.
    Placed after the noun: sunt certi denique fines, Quos ultra citraque nequit consistere rectum, Hor. S. 1, 1, 107: portas ultra procedere, Prop. 4 (5), 7, 29: Euphratem ultra, Tac. A. 15, 17 fin.
        1. b. Transf.
          1. (α) Of time, beyond, past, longer than: (Gorgias) et illorum fuit aemulus ut ultra Socratem usque duravit, Quint. 3, 1, 9: non durat ultra poenam abdicationis, id. 9, 2, 88: ultra rudes annos, id. 1, 1, 20: ultra pueriles annos, id. 1, 11, 19.
          2. (β) Of number, measure, degree, quality, etc., beyond, above, over, more than, = supra: paulo ultra eum numerum, Auct. B. Alex. 21: non ultra heminam aquae assumere, Cels. 4, 2, 4 fin.: adhibent modum quendam, quem ultra progredi non oporteat, Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 38: ultra fidem, Quint. 8, 6, 73: modum, id. 10, 3, 32; 11, 1, 90: quid est ultra pignus aut multam? Cic. Phil. 1, 5, 12: ultra Romanorum et mortalium etiam morem aliquem curare, Sall. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 2, 9: juvenis ultra barbarum, promptus ingenio, Vell. 2, 118, 2: Maecenas otio ac mollitiis paene ultra feminam fluens, id. 2, 88, 2: si mortalis ultra Fas trepidat, Hor. C. 3, 29, 31: ultra Legem tendere opus, id. S. 2, 1, 1: vires ultra sortemque senectae, Verg. A. 6, 114: si ultra placitum laudarit, id. E. 7, 27.