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faenārĭus (less correctly fēn-, foen-), a, um, adj. [faenum], of or for hay, hay-: falces, Cato, R. R. 10, 3; Varr. L. L. 5, 31, 38.
As subst.: faenārĭus, ĭi, m., a seller of hay, a hay salesman, Inscr. ap. Grut. 175, 9.

faenē̆bris (less correctly fēn-, foen-), e, adj. [faenus; cf. Paul. ex Fest. pp. 86 and 94], of or relating to interest or usury: leges, Liv. 35, 7: res, the matter of interest and debts, the relations between debtor and creditor, id. 7, 21: pecunia, lent on interest, Suet. Calig. 41: malum, Tac. 6, 16.

1. faenĕrārĭus, ĭi, m. [faenus; cf. Paul. ex Fest. pp. 86 and 94], for the usual faenerator, one who lends money on interest, a usurer, Firm. 3, 8 fin.

    1. 2. ‡ faenĕrārĭus (less correctly fēn-, foen-), ĭi, m. [faenum], = faenarius, a seller of hay, a hay salesman: macellarios, vinarios, faenerarios, et cellaritas sic servari desideramus, Cassiod. Var. 10, 28 init.

faenĕrātĭcĭus (less correctly fēn-, foen-, -tius), a, um, adj. [faeneror], of or relating to interest (law Lat.): cautio, instrumentum, Cod. Just. 4, 30, 14.

faenĕrātĭo (less correctly fēn-, foen-), ōnis, f. [faeneror], a lending on interest, usury (class.): haec pecunia tota ab honoribus translata est in quaestum et faenerationem, Cic. Fl. 23, 56: nec enim, si tuam ob causam cuiquam commodes, beneficium illud habendum est, sed faeneratio, id. Fin. 2, 35, 117; id. Verr. 2, 3, 72, § 168; Col. 1 praef. § 8.

faenĕrāto (less correctly fēn-, foen-), adv. [faeneratus], with interest (Plautinian): nae illam mecastor faenerato abstulisti, Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 40: nae ille ecastor faenerato funditat, id. As. 5, 2, 52.

faenĕrātor (less correctly fēn-, foen-), ōris, m. [faeneror], one who lends on interest, a money-lender, capitalist; with an odious secondary idea, a usurer (class.): improbantur ii quaestus, qui in odia hominum incurrunt, ut portitorum, ut faeneratorum, Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150; Cato, R. R. praef. § 1; Sall. C. 33, 1; Cic. Fam. 5, 6, 2; Hor. Epod. 2, 67; Suet. Tib. 48: acerbissimi, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.

faenĕrātōrĭus (fēn-, foen-), a, um, adj. [faenerator], pertaining to a usurer, usurious (post-class.), Val. Max. 2, 6, 11.

faenĕrātrix (fēn-, foen-), īcis, f. [faeneror], a female money-lender or usurer (post-class.), Val. Max. 8, 2, 2.

faenero (fēn-, foen-), āre, v. faeneror.

faenĕror (less correctly fēn-, foen-), ātus sum, 1, v. dep., or (mostly post-Aug.), faenero, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [faenus].

  1. I. Prop., to lend on interest.
    1. A. Form faeneror.
      1. 1. With abl.: pecunias istius extraordinarias grandes suo nomine faenerabatur, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 170: primum cum posita esset pecunia apud eas societates, binis centesimis faeneratus est, took two per cent. (per month, and consequently, according to our reckoning, twenty-four per cent. per annum), id. ib. 2, 3, 70, § 165.
      2. 2. Absol.: a quo (Catone) cum quaereretur, quid maxime in re familiari expediret? respondit: Bene pascere … Et cum ille, qui quaesierat, dixisset: Quid faenerari? tum Cato: Quid hominem occidere? Cic. Off. 2, 25, 89; cf. Cato, R. R. praef. § 1.
    2. B. Form faenero.
      1. 1. With sub and abl.: pecuniam publicam sub usuris solitis, Dig. 22, 1, 11.
      2. 2. In simple constr.: pecuniam pupillarem, Dig. 26, 7, 46, § 2.
      3. 3. Without object: nil debet: faenerat immo magis, Mart. 1, 86, 4.
    3. C. Part. perf.: pecunia faenerata a tutoribus, Dig. 46, 3, 100; Pseudo Ascon. ad Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7 fin.
  2. II. Meton.
    1. A. To drain by usury: dimissiones libertorum ad faenerandas diripiendasque provincias, Cic. Par. 6, 2, 46.
    2. B. To borrow on interest: si quis pecuniam dominicam a servo faeneratus esset, Dig. 46, 3, 35.
    3. C. To lend, impart, furnish (post-Aug. and very rare): sol suum lumen ceteris quoque sideribus faenerat, Plin. 2, 6, 4, § 13: nummos habet arca Minervae: haec sapit, haec omnes faenerat una deos, Mart. 1, 77, 5.
  3. III. Trop.
    1. A. Neque enim beneficium faeneramur, practise usury with benefits, Cic. Lael. 9, 31: faeneratum istuc beneficium tibi pulchre dices, i. e. richly repaid, rewarded, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 8; cf. id. Ad. 2, 2, 11 Ruhnk.
    2. B. Juba et Petreius mutuis vulneribus concurrerunt et mortes faeneraverunt, exchanged with usury, i. e. inflicted on each other, Sen. Suas. 7.

faenĕus (fēn-, foen-), a, um, adj. [faenum, I.],

  1. I. of hay (very rare): homines faeneos in medium ad tentandum periculum projectos, men of hay, hay effigies, Cic. Fragm. Or. Cornel. 1, 1; cf.: simulacra effigie hominum ex faeno fieri solebant, quibus objectis ad spectaculum praebendum tauri irritarentur, Ascon. p. 62 ed. Orell.
  2. II. Fig.: faeneus ille Platonicus Antiochus, August. c. Acad. 3, 18.

faenĭcŭlum (fēn-, foen-), i, n. [faenum, II.], fennel, Plin. 20, 23, 95, § 254; Pall. Febr. 24, 9.

faenīlĭa (fēn-, foen-), ĭum, n. [faenum, I.], a hay-loft: nec totā claudes faenilia brumā, Verg. G. 3, 321; cf. Col. 1, 6, 9; Plin. 18, 28, 67, § 258; Ov. M. 6, 457.

faenĭsĕca (fēn-, foen-), ae, v. faenisex.

faenĭ-secta (fēn-, foen-), ōrum, n. [faenum, I.; seco], mown hay, Varr. L. L. 5, § 136 Müll. N. cr.; cf. faenisicia.

faenĭ-sector (fēn-, foen-), ōris, m. [faenum, I.; seco], a grass-cutter, mower, Col. 11, 1, 12; cf. faenisex.

faenĭ-sex (fēn-, foen-), ĕcis (faenĭ-sĕca, ae, Pers. 6, 40), m. [faenum, I.; seco].

  1. I. Prop., a mower, Varr. R. R. 1, 49, 2; Col. 2, 17, 4: igitur cornu propter oleum ad crus ligato faenisex incedebat, Plin. 18, 28, 67, § 261.
  2. II. Meton., poet. for countryman, rustic, Pers. 6, 40.

faenĭ-sĭcĭa (fēn-, foen-), ae, f., and ōrum, n. [faenum, I.; seco], mown hay: addere faenisiciae cumulum, Varr. R. R. 1, 49, 1; 1, 47 and 56: vindemias ac faenisicia administrare, id. ib. 1, 17, 2; 2, 11, 7; 3, 2, 6; Col. 2, 17, 6.

faenum (less correctly fēn-, not foen-), i. n. [fe-, feo; whence felix, femina, etc., Paul. ex Fest. p. 86].

  1. I. Hay, Varr. R. R. 1, 9 sq.; Col. 2, 18; Plin. 18, 28, 67, § 258 sq.; Ov. M. 14, 645: Judaei, quorum cophinus faenumque supellex, Juv. 3, 18; cf. id. 6, 542.
    Plur., App. M. 3 fin.
    Prov.: faenum alios aiebat esse oportere, i. e. seemed as stupid as oxen, Cic. de Or. 2, 57, 233: faenum habet in cornu, i. e. he is a dangerous fellow (the figure being taken from an ox apt to gore, whose horns were bound about with hay), Hor. S. 1, 4, 34.
  2. II. Faenum (fen-) Graecum, also as one word, faenumgraecum, fenugreek, Cato, R. R. 27, 1; Col. 2, 10, 33; Plin. 18, 16, 39, § 140.

faenus (less correctly fēn-, not foen-; cf. in the foll.), ŏris, n. [fe-, feo; cf.: faenum, femina, etc.; therefore, lit., what is produced; hence].

  1. I. Prop., the proceeds of capital lent out, interest (cf.: usura, versura): faenerator, sicuti M. Varro in libro tertio de Sermone Latino scripsit, a faenore est nominatus. Faenus autem dictum a fetu, et quasi a fetura quadam pecuniae parientis atque increscentis, Varr. ap. Gell. 16, 12, 7 sq., and ap. Non. 54, 5 sq.; cf.: faenus et faeneratores et lex de credita pecunia fenebris a fetu dicta, quod crediti nummi alios pariant, ut apud Graecos eadem res τόκος dicitur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 86 Müll.: cf.: faenum (so it should read, instead of faenus) appellatur naturalis terrae fetus; ob quam causam et nummorum fetus faenus est vocatum et de ea re leges fenebres, id. p. 94: idem pecunias his faenori dabat, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 170: pecuniam faenore accipere, id. ib. 2, 3, 72, § 169: Scaptius centesimis, renovato in singulos annos faenore, contentus non fuit, id. Att. 6, 3, 5: faenus ex triente Idib. Quint. factum erat bessibus, id. ib. 4, 15, 7: iniquissimo faenore versuram facere, id. ib. 16, 15, 5: Graeci solvent tolerabili faenore, id. ib. 6, 1, 16: pecuniam occupare grandi faenore, id. Fl. 21, 51: dives positis in faenore nummis, Hor. S. 1, 2, 13; id. A. P. 421: faenore omni solutus, id. Epod. 2, 4.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Capital lent on interest (very rare): argenti faenus creditum, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 101: faenus et impendium recusare, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 4.
      1. 2. Meton., that lent to the soil, i. e. the seed: quam bona fide terra creditum faenus reddit! Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 155.
    2. B. Gain, profit, advantage: terra, quae nunquam recusat imperium, nec unquam sine usura reddit quod accepit, sed alias minore, plerumque majore cum faenore, Cic. de Sen. 15, 51; cf.: semina, quae magno faenore reddat ager, Tib. 2, 6, 22; and: cum quinquagesimo faenore messes reddit eximia fertilitas soli, Plin. 18, 17, 47, § 162: saepe venit magno faenore tardus amor, Prop. 1, 7, 26; cf.: at mihi, quod vivo detraxerit invida turba, Post obitum duplici faenore reddet Honos, id. 3 (4), 1, 22.

* faenuscŭlum (fēn-, foen-), i, n. dim. [faenus], a little interest, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 53.

fēnārĭus, v. faenarius.

* fendĭcae, ārum, f. [findo], entrails used as food: hirae, Arn. 7, 230.

‡ fendo, ĕre [v. defendo, fustis], the primitive word of the compounds defendo, offendo, infensus, and infestus; cf. Prisc. p. 923 P.

fēnē̆bris, fēnĕrārĭus, fēnĕror, etc., v. faenebris, faeneror, etc.

Fenectāni campi, a region in Latium, Liv. 8, 12, 5 Weissenb.

fĕnestella, ae, f. dim. [fenestra], a small opening in the wall, a little window.

  1. I. Prop., Col. 1, 6, 10; 8, 3, 3; 9, 5, 3.
  2. II. Fenestella, ae, nom. propr.
    1. A. Fem.: Porta, a gate in Rome, Ov. F. 6, 578; cf. Becker’s Antiq. 1, p. 175.
    2. B. Masc., L., a Roman historian under Augustus and Tiberius, Plin. 8, 48, 74, § 195; Gell. 15, 28, 4 al.

fĕnestra, ae (also contr. festra, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 3, 12; Petr. Fragm. p. 872 Burm.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 91, 6 Müll.), f. [root ΦΑΝ, in φαίνω, φανερός],

  1. I. an opening in the wall to admit the light, a window (orig. closed by two wooden shutters or by curtains, and not till the empire by sheets of mica, lapis specularis; cf. Dict. of Antiq. p. 520 sq.): neque fenestra, nisi clatrata, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 26: fenestras indere, id. Rud. 1, 1, 6: fenestrarum angustias quod reprehendis, Cic. Att. 2, 3, 2: bifores, Ov. P. 3, 3, 5: juncta, closed, * Hor. C. 1, 25, 1; cf. patulae, Ov. M. 14, 752: reticulatae, Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 3: se plena per insertas fundebat luna fenestras, Verg. A. 3, 152: diversas percurrens luna fenestras, Prop. 1, 3, 31 Burm. ad loc.: fenestram in arca facies, Vulg. Gen. 6, 16 et saep.
  2. II. Transf.
      1. 1. A loop-hole for arrows, etc.: (in turri) fenestras ad tormenta mittenda, in struendo reliquerunt, Caes. B. C. 2, 9 fin.
      2. 2. The recess of a window: concludere in fenestram firmiter, Plaut. Cas. 1, 44.
      3. 3. A breach made by besiegers in a wall: excisa trabe firma cavavit Robora et ingentem lato dedit ore fenestram, Verg. A. 2, 482.
      4. 4. Of the senses, windows for intelligence: ut facile intelligi possit, animum et videre et audire, non eas partes, quae quasi fenestrae sint animi, Cic. Tusc. 1, 20, 46
    1. B. Poet., transf., of holes through the tips of the ears: natus ad Euphraten, molles quod in aure fenestrae Arguerint, Juv. 1, 104.
  3. II. Trop., an entrance, admission, opportunity, inlet, occasion (very seldom): hui quantam fenestram ad nequitiam patefeceris! Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 72: si hanc fenestram aperueritis, nihil aliud agi sinetis, Tiber. ap. Suet. Tib. 28.

fĕnestro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [fenestra], to furnish with openings or windows (rare; not in Cic.).

  1. I. Lit.: media oculorum cornua fenestravit pupilla, Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 148.
    In part. perf.: valvata ac fenestrata triclinia, Varr. L. L. 8, § 29 Müll.: singulae partes turris, Vitr. 10, 19 med.
  2. * II. Trop.: oportuit hominum pectora fenestrata et aperta esse, Vitr. 3 praef.

* fĕnestrŭla, ae, f. dim. [fenestra], a little window, App. M. 9.

fēnĕus, v. faeneus.

Fēnĭcŭlārius (Faen-) campus, Fennelfield, a place in Hispania Tarraconensis (so called because abounding in fennel); as a descriptive designation for Spain, Cic. Att. 12, 8.

fēnĭcŭlum, v. faeniculum.

fēnĭsex, v. faenisex.

fēnĭsĭcĭa, v. faenisicia.

Fenni, ōrum, m., a tribe in the north and northeastern parts of Europe, not of the Germani, called Φίννοι by Ptolemy, probably the Finns, Tac. G. 46; v. Orell. ad h. l.

fēnum, v. faenum.

fēnus, v. faenus.