Lewis & Short

Parsing inflected forms may not always work as expected. If the following does not give the correct word, try Latin Words or Perseus.

1. ex-cĭdo, cĭdi, 3, v. n. [cado], to fall out or down, to fall from (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense).

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen.: quod (animal) cum ex utero elapsum excidit, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128: sol excidisse mihi e mundo videtur, id. Att. 9, 10, 3: gladii de manibus exciderunt, id. Pis. 9 fin.; cf. id. Phil. 12, 3, 8; id. Cat. 1, 6 fin.; for which also: inter manus (urna), Prop. 4 (5), 4, 22; and: a digitis (ansa), Ov. H. 16, 252: Palinurus exciderat puppi, Verg. A. 6, 339; cf. arce, Ov. F. 5, 34: equis, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1164: num qui nummi exciderunt, here, tibi, quod sic terram Obtuere? Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 17; cf. id. Cist. 4, 2, 8; id. Merc. 3, 1, 44; id. Poen. 1, 2, 48: volvae excidunt, Plin. 36, 21, 39, § 151.
      Poet.: ita vinclis Excidet aut in aquas tenues dilapsus abibit, will slip out of the fetters, Verg. G. 4, 410: in flumen (elephanti, sc. e rate), Liv. 21, 28 fin.: cum Herculis pertractanti arma sagitta excidisset in pedem, Plin. 25, 6, 30, § 66: ante pedes (lingua resecta), Ov. Ib. 536.
    2. B. In partic., of a lot, to fall of come out (very rare): ut cujusque sors exciderat, Liv. 21, 42, 3; and hence, transf.: nominibus in urnam conjectis, citari quod primum sorte nomen excidit, id. 23, 3, 7.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. In gen., to fall out involuntarily, fall from, slip out, escape: verbum ex ore alicujus, Cic. Sull. 26; cf.: vox excidit ore: Venisti tandem, etc., Verg. A. 6, 686: tantumque nefas patrio excidit ore? id. ib. 2, 658; cf.: scelus ore tuo, Ov. M. 7, 172: quod verbum tibi non excidit, ut saepe fit, fortuito, Cic. Phil. 10, 2 fin.; cf. Quint. 6, 3, 23; 7, 2, 52; 9, 4, 41 al.: libellus me imprudente et invito excidit, escaped me without my knowledge or desire, Cic. de Or. 1, 21; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 5: vox horrenda per auras excidit, Verg. A. 9, 113: et pariter vultusque deo plectrumque colorque Excidit, Ov. M. 2, 602; cf. id. ib. 4, 176: ut quodammodo victoria e manibus excideret, Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 10, 2: (versus) qui in breves excidunt, i. e. which close, terminate, Quint. 9, 4, 106.
      Poet.: in vitium libertas excidit, qs. falls away, sinks, = delabitur, Hor. A. P. 282.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. * 1. To dissent, differ from any one’s opinion: ego ab Archilocho excido, Lucil. ap. Non. 301, 18.
      2. 2. To pass away, be lost, perish, disappear: neque enim verendum est, ne quid excidat aut ne quid in terram defluat, Cic. Lael. 16, 58: primo miser excidit aevo, Prop. 3, 7, 7 (4, 6, 7 M.): nec vera virtus, cum semel excidit, etc., Hor. C. 3, 5, 30: at non ingenio quaesitum nomen ab aevo Excidet, Prop. 3, 2, 24 (4, 1, 64 M.): excidit omnis luctus, Ov. M. 8, 448: ne Tarentinae quidem arcis excidit memoria, Liv. 27, 3 fin.; cf. the foll.
        Esp.
        1. b. To fail, faint, swoon, lose one’s self: excidit illa metu, rupitque novissima verba, Ov. A. A. 1, 5, 39; cf.: ut scias quemadmodum nunquam excidam mihi, lose control of myself (through drink), Sen. de Ira, 3, 14, 1: quis me dolori reddit? quam bene excideram mihi! Sen. Hippol. 589 sq.
        2. c. To slip out, escape from the memory: excidere de memoria, Liv. 29, 19 fin.: exciderat pacis mentio ex omnium animis, id. 34, 37; cf. animo, Verg. A. 1, 26; Ov. H. 20, 188; and pectore, id. Pont. 2, 4, 24: o miram memoriam, Pomponi, tuam! at mihi ista exciderant, Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 46; so with dat.: quae cogitatio, cum mihi non omnino excidisset, etc., id. Fam. 5, 13, 2; id. Att. 6, 1, 7; Quint. 4, 5, 4; 10, 1, 75; Prop. 3 (4), 24, 20; 4 (5), 7, 15 et saep.; cf. with a subjectclause: non excidit mihi, scripsisse me, etc., Quint. 2, 3, 10.
          Absol.: quid? non haec varietas mira est, excidere proxima, vetera inhaerere? hesternorum immemores acta pueritiae recordari, id. 11, 2, 6; 1, 12, 6; 4, 2, 91; 4, 5, 2; cf. with inf. clause: si calore dicendi vitare id excidisset, id. 11, 3, 130; and with ut: excidit, ut peterem, etc., i. e. I forgot to beg, Ov. M. 14, 139.
          Rarely transf. to the person: excidens, who forgets, forgetful, Quint. 11, 2, 19: palam moneri excidentis est, id. 11, 3, 132.
      3. 3. (Ex) aliquā re, of persons, to be deprived of, to lose, miss, forfeit (esp. freq. since the Aug. per.; in Cic. not at all): ex familia, Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 104: uxore, to be disappointed of, Ter. And. 2, 5, 12: regno, Curt. 10, 5: quem si non tenuit, magnis tamen excidit ausis, failed in a great attempt, Ov. M. 2, 328; cf.: fine medicinae, Quint. 2, 17, 25: genere, id. 1, 5, 16: qui apud privatos judices plus petendo formula excidissent, i. e. who lost their suits (for the usual cadere formulā or causā; v. cado, II.), Suet. Claud. 14; Sen. Clem. 2, 3.

2. ex-cīdo, īdi, īsum, 3, v. a. [caedo], to cut out or off, to hew out, to cut or hew down (class.).

  1. I. Lit.: lapides e terra, Cic. Off. 2, 3 fin.: omnes arbores longe lateque, Caes. B. C. 2, 15, 1; cf.: excisa enim est arbor, non evulsa, Cic. Att. 15, 4, 2: exciditur ilex (with percellunt magnas quercus), Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. 194 ed. Vahl.): arborem e stirpe, Dig. 43, 27, 1: ericium, Caes. B. C. 3, 67 fin.: radicem, Plin. 17, 11, 16, § 82: columnas rupibus, Verg. A. 1, 428; cf.: rubos arvis, Quint. 9, 4, 5: linguam alicui, Crassus ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 1 fin.: partum mulieri, Dig. 11, 8, 2: os, Cels. 8, 3: virilitatem, i. e. to castrate, geld, Quint. 5, 12, 17; for which also, se, Ov. F. 4, 361; cf. Dig. 48, 8, 4 fin.: vias per montes, Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 125: latus rupis in antrum, Verg. A. 6, 42; cf.: vasa anaglypta in asperitatem, i. e. wrought with raised figures, Plin. 33, 11, 49, § 139: exciderat eum (sc. obeliscum) rex, majusque opus in devehendo statuendove multo quam in excidendo, i. e. cut out in the quarry, Plin. 36, 8, 14, § 67; absol., id. ib. § 65.
    1. B. Transf., in gen., to raze, demolish, lay waste, destroy: qui domos inimicorum suorum oppugnavit, excidit, incendit, Cic. Sest. 44: Numantiam, id. Off. 1. 22, 76; cf. Trojam, Verg. A. 2, 637: urbem, id. ib. 12, 762: oppida, Lact. 1, 18, 8: Germaniam, Vell. 2, 123 fin.: agrum, id. 2, 115: exercitum, i. e. to cut to pieces, annihilate, id. 2, 120, 3.
  2. II. Trop., to extirpate, remove, banish: aliquid ex animo, Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43; cf.: iram animis, Sen. de Ira, 3, 1: aliquem numero civium, Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 6.