Lewis & Short

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prandĕo, di (prandidi, Diom. p. 364), sum, 2, v. n. and a. [prandium].

  1. I. Neutr., to take breakfast, to breakfast (v. prandium; class.): hic rex cum aceto pransurus est et sale, Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 32: prandi in navi, id. Men. 2, 3, 50: prandi perbene, id. ib. 5, 9, 81: Caninio consule scito neminem prandisse (because he was elected in the afternoon, and resigned his office on the following morning), Cic. Fam. 7, 30, 1: sic prandete, commilitones, tamquam apud inferos coenaturi, Val. Max. 3, 2, 3: ad satietatem, Suet. Dom. 21; Plin. 28, 5, 14, § 56: prandebat sibi quisque deus, Juv. 13, 46.
  2. II. Act., to breakfast on any thing, to take as a breakfast or luncheon; or, in gen., to eat: calidum prandisti prandium, Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 14: luscinias prandere, Hor. S. 2, 3, 245: olus, id. Ep. 1, 17, 13.
    Hence, pransus, a, um, P. a., that has breakfasted (like potus, that has drunk): pransus non avide, Hor. S. 1, 6, 127; 1, 5, 25: pransa Lamia, id. A. P. 340.
    Because soldiers were accustomed to eat before an engagement; hence, pransus paratus, or curatus et pransus, of soldiers, fed, i. e. ready, fit for fighting: exercitus pransus, paratus, Cato ap. Gell. 15, 13, 5; Varr. ap. Non. 459, 2: ut viri equique curati et pransi essent, Liv. 28, 14: pransus, potus, overfed, gluttonous: adde inscitiam pransi, poti, oscitantis ducis, Cic. Mil. 21, 56.

prandĭum, ii, n. [Sanscr. prep-, pra-, before; Gr. πρῳην; Dor. πράν, early; and Lat. dies; hence, early in the day, sc. that taken or eaten],

  1. I. a late breakfast, luncheon (cf.: jentaculum, cena), usually taken at or soon after noon, composed of bread, fish, cold meats, etc. (it was thought gluttonous to have several dishes and wine at the prandium): ire ad prandium, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 18; id. Stich. 4, 2, 45: adducere aliquem ad se ad prandium, id. Poen. 5, 5, 3: coquere alicui prandium, id. Men. 2, 3, 37: funus prandio facere, id. ib. 3, 2, 27: apparare, to get ready, prepare, id. ib. 1, 2, 61: accurare, id. ib. 3, 25: ornare, id. Rud. 1, 2, 53: dare, to give, id. Am. 2, 2, 33: obsonare alicui, id. Poen. 5, 5, 16: anteponere, to set before, serve up, id. Men. 2, 2, 2: comedere, id. ib. 3, 2, 55: prandere, id. Poen. 3, 5, 14: in prandio aliquem accipere apud se, id. Cist. 1, 1, 12: invitare ad prandium, Cic. Mur. 35, 73: prandiorum apparatus, id. Phil. 2, 39, 101; id. Verr. 2, 1, 19, § 49: ad prandium surgere, Suet. Calig. 58: panis deinde siccus et sine mensā prandium: post quod non sunt lavendae manus, Sen. Ep. 83, 6: post prandium aut cenam bibere volgare est, id. ib. 122, 6: de prandio nihil detrahi potuit; paratum fuit non magis hora, nusquam sine caricis, nusquam sine pugillaribus: illae, si panem habeo, propulmentario sunt, si non habeo, pro pane, id. ib. 87, 3: prandia cenis usque in lucem ingesta, id. Q. N. 4, 13, 6. The candidates gave such prandia to their tribules, Cic. Mur. 32, 67; the emperor to the people, Suet. Caes. 38; id. Tib. 20; cf. also Cic. Att. 5, 1, 3; Mart. 6, 64, 2; Suet. Vit. 13; id. Aug. 78; id. Claud. 34.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Poet., a meal, in gen.: qui scribit prandia saevi Tereos, Mart. 4, 49, 3.
    2. B. The feed or fodder of animals: bubus glandem prandio depromere, Plaut. Truc. 3, 1, 2: prandio dato ipsis jumentisque eorum, Val. Max. 3, 7, 1.