Lewis & Short

1. offendo, di, sum, 3, v. a. and n. [obfendo]. to hit, thrust, strike, or dash against something (syn.: illido, impingo; class.).

  1. I. Lit.: offendere caput ad fornicem, Quint. 6, 3, 67: latus vehementer, Cic. Clu. 62, 175: coxam, to hurt himself in the haunch, Col. 5, 9, 1: pedem, Auct. B. Hisp. 23; Ov. F. 2, 720: solido, against something solid, Hor. S. 2, 1, 78: in scopulis offendit puppis, strikes on, Ov. P. 4, 14, 22: in redeundo offenderunt, ran aground, Caes. B. C. 3, 8: in cornua, Sol. 40: ne quem in cursu capite, aut cubito, aut pectore offendam, aut genu, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 2: visco, id. Poen. 2, 37.
    1. B. Transf., to hit upon, light upon a person or thing, i. e. to come upon, meet with, find (syn.: deprehendo, invenio): si te hic offendero, moriere, Enn. ap. Cic. Rab. Post. 11, 29 (Trag. v. 301 Vahl.); cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1: haec, cum ego a foro revortar, facite ut offendam parata, Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 30: paululum si cessassem, Domi non offendissem, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 5: si te in plateā offendero hac post umquam, periisti, id. ib. 5, 8, 34; id. Phorm. 5, 1, 31: imparatum te offendam, will come upon you unawares, will surprise you, Cic. Fam. 2, 3: eundem bonorum sensum, id. ib. 1, 9, 17: nondum perfectum templum offendere, id. Verr. 2, 4, 28, § 64: omnia aliter ac jusserat offendit, id. Rep. 1, 38, 59.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. In gen., to suffer damage, receive an injury: quis est tam Lynceus, qui in tantis tenebris nihil offendat, nusquam incurrat? Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 2: in causis, id. de Or. 2, 74, 301: ad fortunam, Phaedr. 4, 14, 6.
    2. B. In partic., to stumble, blunder, make a mistake, commit a fault; to commit an offence, to be offensive (syn.: pecco, delinquo): in quo ipsi offendissent, alios reprehendissent, Cic. Clu. 36, 98: sin quid offenderit, sibi totum, tibi nihil offenderit, id. Fam. 2, 18, 3: offendebant illi quidem apud gravīs et honestos homines, sed populi judiciis florebant, gave offence to, id. Sest. 49, 105: se apud plebem offendisse de aerario, id. Att. 10, 4, 8: neque in eo solum offenderat, quod, Nep. Phoc. 2, 2: legi, to offend against or violate the law, Dig. 22, 1, 1.
      Hence (eccl. Lat.), to offend, commit a sin: in multis enim offendimus omnes, Vulg. Jac. 3, 2.
      Of things, to be offensive: cum nihil aliud offenderit, Liv. 2, 2, 2; cf. id. 4, 42, 2.
    3. C. To find fault with, be displeased with, take offence at any thing: at credo, in Caesarem probatis, in me offenditis, Caes. B. C. 2, 32: si in me aliquid offendistis, have taken any offence at me, Cic. Mil. 36, 99.
    4. D. To fail in any thing, i. e. to have a misfortune, to be unfortunate, meet with ill success: apud judices offendere, opp. causam iis probare, Cic. Clu. 23, 63: cum multi viri fortes offenderint, id. Verr. 2, 5, 50, § 131: tamquam M. Atilius primo accessu ad Africam offenderit, i. e. met with a calamity, Liv. 28, 43, 17; cf. I. A. supra.
      Impers. pass.: sin aliquid esset offensum, Cic. Fam. 1, 7: quoties culpā ducis esset offensum, might have met with a defeat, Caes. B. C. 3, 72; cf.: nullum ejusmodi casum exspectans, quo . . . in milibus passuum tribus offendi posset, id. B. G. 6, 36 Kraner ad loc.: at si valetudo ejus offendissit, failed, Gell. 4, 2, 10.
    5. E. To shock, offend, mortify, vex, displease one: me exquisisse aliquid, in quo te offenderem, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 4: tuam existimationem, id. ib. 3, 8, 7: neminem umquam non re, non verbo, non vultu denique offendit, id. Balb. 26, 59: offensus nemo contumeliā, id. Att. 6, 3, 3: ne offendam patrem, id. ib. 6, 3, 9: ut eos splendor offendat, id. Fam. 1, 7, 7: extinctum lumen recens offendit nares, Lucr. 6, 791: offendere tot caligas, tot Milia clavorum, provoke, Juv. 16, 24: polypodion offendit stomachum, disagrees with, Plin. 26, 8, 37, § 58: ne colorum claritas aciem oculorum offenderet, id. 35, 10, 36, § 97.
      Pass., to be displeased, feel hurt: multis rebus meus offendebatur animus, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10.
      With inf.: ut non offendar subripi (ista munera), so that I am not offended at their being taken from me, Phaedr. 4, 11, 6: componi aliquid de se, offendebatur, he took it ill, if, etc., Suet. Aug. 8, 9 fin.
      Hence, of-fensus, a, um, P. a.
    1. A. Offensive, odious (cf.: invisus, odiosus, infensus): miserum atque invidiosum offensumque ordinem senatorium! Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 145: offensum et invisum esse alicui, id. Sest. 58, 125.
      As subst.: offensum, i, n., the offence: offensum est quod eorum, qui audiunt, voluntatem laedit, Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 92.
    2. B. Offended, displeased, vexed, incensed, imbittered: offensus et alienatus animus, Cic. Att. 1, 17, 7: aliena et offensa populi voluntas, id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106: offensos merere deos, Ov. H. 21, 48: offensi animi regum, Auct. B. Alex. 32.
      Comp.: quem cum esse offensiorem arbitrarer, Cic. Att. 1, 5, 2: quem sibi offensiorem sciebat esse, id. Clu. 62, 172; id. Att. 1, 5, 5.