Lewis & Short

ef-fundo (or ecf-), fūdi, fūsum, 3, v. a., to pour out, pour forth, shed, spread abroad (class.; esp. freq. in the transf. and trop. signif.).

  1. I. Lit.: vinum in barathrum (i. e. ventrem), Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 28; cf. Cic. Pis. 10: aquam oblatam in galea, Front. Strat. 1, 7, 7: humorem, Cels. 7, 15: lacrimas, Lucr. 1, 126; Cic. Planc. 42, 101: imbrem (procella), Curt. 8, 13: se in oceanum (Ganges), Plin. 2, 108, 112, § 243: Sangarius flumen in Propontidem se effundit, Liv. 38, 18, 18; cf. pass. in mid. force: mare neque redundat umquam neque effunditur, Cic. N. D. 2, 45, 116; v. also under P. a.
    1. B. Transf., of non-liquid bodies.
      1. 1. In gen., to pour out, pour forth, drive out, cast out, send out (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose; a favorite word of Vergil): saccos nummorum, Hor. S. 2, 3, 149: frumentum in flumen, Dig. 9, 2, 27, § 19: ei oculus effunditur, is knocked out, put out, ib. 19, 2, 13, § 4: tela, i. e. to shoot in great numbers, Verg. A. 9, 509; Liv. 27, 18: auxilium castris apertis, to send forth, Verg. A. 7, 522: equus consulem lapsum super caput effudit, threw, Liv. 22, 3, 11; so id. 10, 11; 27, 32; Plin. 8, 42, 65, § 160; Curt. 8, 14, 34; Verg. A. 10, 574; 893; cf. Val. Fl. 8, 358: (quae via) Excutiat Teucros vallo atque effundat in aequum, Verg. A. 9, 68: sub altis portis, id. ib. 11, 485; cf.: aliquem solo, id. ib. 12, 532: caput in gremium, Cels. 7, 7, 4.
        Poet.: carmina molli numero fluere, ut per leve severos Effundat junctura ungues, i. e. lets it slip over smoothly, Pers. 1, 65.
      2. 2. In partic.
        1. a. With se, or mid. of persons, to pour out in a multitude, to rush out, spread abroad (a favorite expression with the historians): omnis sese multitudo ad cognoscendum effudit (sc. ex urbe), Caes. B. C. 2, 7, 3; so, se, id. ib. 2, 7, 3; Liv. 26, 19; 34, 8; 33, 12, 10; 35, 39, 5; Val. Max. 7, 6, 6; Vell. 2, 112, 4; Suet. Calig. 4 fin.; id. Caes. 44 et saep. (but not in Caes. B. G. 5, 19, 2, where the better reading is: se ejecerat, v. Schneider ad h. l.): omnibus portis effunduntur, Liv. 38, 6; so mid., Tac. A. 1, 23; Liv. 40, 40, 10; and esp. freq. in the part. effusus, Sall. J. 55, 4; 69, 2; Liv. 1, 14; 9, 31; Tac. A. 4, 25 fin.; 12, 31; 15, 23; Verg. A. 6, 305 et saep.
          Ellips. of se: ubi se arctat (mare) Hellespontus vocatur; Propontis, ubi expandit; ubi iterum pressit, Thracius Bosporus; ubi iterum effundit, Pontus Euxinus, spreads out, widens, Mel. 1, 1, 5.
        2. b. With the accessory notion of producing, to bring forth, produce abundantly: non solum fruges verum herbas etiam effundunt, Cic. Or. 15, 48; cf.: fruges (auctumnus), Hor. C. 4, 7, 11: copiam, Cic. Brut. 9, 36.
        3. c. Of property, to pour out, i. e. to lavish, squander, waste, run through: patrimonium per luxuriam effundere atque consumere, Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 6; so, patrimonium, id. Phil. 3, 2: aerarium, id. Agr. 1, 5, 15; id. Tusc. 3, 20, 48: sumptus, id. Rosc. Am. 24, 68: opes, Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94: omnes fortunas, Tac. A. 14, 31: reditus publicos non in classem exercitusque, sed in dies festos, Just. 6, 9, 3; and absol.: effundite, emite, etc., Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 34.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. In gen.: effudi vobis omnia, quae sentiebam, i. e. have freely imparted, Cic. de Or. 1, 34 fin.; cf. id. Att. 16, 7, 5; id. Fl. 17, 41; Quint. 2, 2, 10; 10, 3, 17; Val. Fl. 7, 434: procellam eloquentiae, Quint. 11, 3, 158: totos affectus, id. 4, 1, 28: tales voces, Verg. A. 5, 723: questus, id. ib. 5, 780: carmina, Ov. H. 12, 139 al.: vox in coronam turbamque effunditur, Cic. Fl. 28 fin.; cf.: questus in aëra, Ov. M. 9, 370: omnem suum vinulentum furorem in me, Cic. Fam. 12, 25, 4: iram in aliquem, Liv. 39, 34: omne odium in auxilii praesentis spem, id. 31, 44, 2: indignationem, Vulg. Ezech. 20, 8 et saep.
    2. B. In partic. (acc. to I. B. 2. a. and c.).
      1. 1. With se, or mid., to give one’s self up to, to give loose to, yield to, indulge in: qui se in aliqua libidine effuderit, Cic. Par. 3, 1, 21: se in omnes libidines, Tac. A. 14, 13: (Pompeius) in nos suavissime hercule effusus, has treated me with the most flattering confidence, Cic. Att. 4, 9; more freq., mid.: in tantam licentiam socordiamque, Liv. 25, 20, 6: in venerem, id. 29, 23, 4: in amorem, Tac. A. 1, 54; Curt. 8, 4, 25: in laetitiam, Just. 12, 3, 7; Curt. 5, 1, 37: in jocos, Suet. Aug. 98: in cachinnos, id. Calig. 32: in questus, lacrimas, vota, Tac. A. 1, 11: in lacrimas, id. ib. 3, 23; 4, 8; id. H. 2, 45; for which, lacrimis, Verg. A. 2, 651; cf.: ad preces lacrimasque, Liv. 44, 31 fin.: ad luxuriam, id. 34, 6: terra effunditur in herbas, Plin. 17, 8, 4, § 48; cf.: quorum stomachus in vomitiones effunditur, id. 23, 1, 23, § 43.
      2. 2. To cast away, give up, let go, dismiss, resign: collectam gratiam florentissimi hominis, Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 1: odium, id. ib. 1, 9, 20: vires, Liv. 10, 28; Ov. M. 12, 107: curam sui, Sen. Ira, 2, 35: verecundiam, id. Ep. 11: animam, Verg. A. 1, 98; cf. vitam, Ov. H. 7, 181; Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 1, 9; cf. id. ib. 1, 11, 25: spiritum, Tac. A. 2, 70.
      3. 3. To relax, loosen, slacken, let go: manibus omnis effundit habenas, Verg. A. 5, 818: sive gradum seu frena effunderet, Stat. Th. 9, 182: irarum effundit habenas, Verg. A. 12, 499.
        Hence, effūsus, a, um, P. a.
  1. I. (Effundo, I. B. 1.) Poured out, cast out; hence, plur. as subst.: effusa, ōrum, n., the urine: reliquias et effusa intueri, Sen. Const. Sap. 13, 1.
  2. II. (Effundo, I. B. 2.) Spread out, extensive, vast, broad, wide (not freq. till after the Aug. per.).
    Lit.
      1. 1. In gen.: effusumque corpus, Lucr. 3, 113; cf.: late mare, Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 26: loca, Tac. G. 30: effusissimus Hadriatici maris sinus, Vell. 2, 43: incendium, Liv. 30, 5; cf. caedes, id. 42, 65: cursus, id. 2, 50; Plin. 9, 33, 52, § 102: membra, i. e. full, plump, Stat. Th. 6, 841.
      2. 2. Esp., relaxed, slackened, loosened, dishevelled: habenis, Front. Strat. 2, 5, 31; cf.: quam posset effusissimis habenis, Liv. 37, 20: comae, Ov. H. 7, 70; id. Am. 1, 9, 38 et saep.; cf. also transf.: (nymphae) caesariem effusae nitidam per candida colla, Verg. G. 4, 337.
      3. 3. Of soldiers or a throng of people, etc., straggling, disorderly, scattered, dispersed: effusum agmen ducit, Liv. 21, 25, 8: aciem, Luc. 4, 743: huc omnis turba effusa ruebat, Verg. A. 6, 305: sine armis effusi in armatos incidere hostis, Liv. 30, 5, 8.
  3. III. Trop.
      1. 1. Profuse, prodigal, lavish: quis in largitione effusior? Cic. Cael. 6, 13: munificentiae effusissimus, Vell. 2, 41.
      2. 2. Extravagant, immoderate: licentia, Liv. 44, 1; cf. laetitia, id. 35, 43 fin.: cursus, Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 11 et saep.
        Comp.: cultus in verbis, Quint. 3, 8, 58.
        Sup.: laudationes, Petr. 48, 7: studium, Suet. Ner. 40.
        Adv.: effūse.
      1. 1. (Acc. to I.) Far spread, far and wide, widely.
        1. a. In gen.: ire, Sall. J. 105, 3; cf. fugere, Liv. 3, 22; 40, 48: persequi, id. 43, 23; Curt. 9, 8: vastare, Liv. 1, 10; 44, 30; cf.: effusius praedari, id. 34, 16 et saep.: spatium annale effuse interpretari. in a wide sense, Cod. Just. 7, 40, 1.
        2. b. Esp., profusely, lavishly: large effuseque donare, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8 fin.; cf. vivere, id. Cael. 16 fin.: liberalem esse, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 71: affluant opes, Liv. 3, 26.
          In the comp., Tac. A. 4, 62.
      2. 2. (Acc. to II.) Extravagantly, immoderately: cum inaniter et effuse animus exsultat, Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 13: amare, Plin. Ep. 6, 26, 2.
        Comp.: dicere, Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 20: fovere, id. ib. 7, 24, 4: excipere, Suet. Ner. 22: favere, Tac. H. 1, 19.
        Sup.: diligere, Plin. Ep. 7, 30, 1; id. Pan. 84, 4.