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dē-căchinno, āre, v. a., to deride, laugh to scorn (eccl. Lat.), Tert. Apol. 47.

dĕcăchordum, i, n., = δεκάχορδον, a musical instrument of ten strings (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Psa. 91, 4.

dĕcăchordus, a, um, adj., = δεκάχορδος, ten-stringed (late Lat.): cithara, Fulg. Myth. 1, 14 al.

* dēcăcūmĭnātĭo, ōnis, f. [decacumino], a lopping, cutting off the top: cupressi, piceae, cedri, Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 236.

dē-căcūmĭno, āre, v. a., to cut the top off, to top and lop (t. t. of agriculture): pampinum, Col. 4, 7, 3: ulmum, id. 5, 6, 12.

* dē-călantĭco, āre, v. a. [calantica], to deprive of one’s hood, to plunder one: decalanticare, eburno speculo depeculassere, Lucil. ap. Non. 97, 9 dub.

‡ dēcalco, to plaster with lime, to whitewash = albo, κονιῶ, Gloss. Vet.

‡ dēcălĕfăcĭo, to warm thoroughly, ἐκθερμαίνω, Gloss. Lat. Gr.

‡ dēcălesco, to become warm, ἐκθερμαίνομαι, Gloss. Cyrill.

‡ dēcălĭcātor, ōris, m. [de-calix], a hard drinker, καταπότης, Gloss. Lat. Gr.

‡ dēcălĭcātum, calce litum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 75, 13 Müll.

dĕcălŏgus, i, m., = δεκάλογος, the decalogue, Tert. An. 37.

dēcalvātio, ōnis, f. [decalvo], the making bald, Hieron. Ep. 122, 1.

dē-calvo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. (calvus], to make bald, to remove the hair (late Lat.): locum corporis, Veg. A. V. 2, 48, 3: Sampson a muliere decalvatus, shorn, Hier. adv. Jov. 1, 23: pueros David decalvavit, Vulg. 1 Par. 19, 4; 1 Cor. 11, 6.

dĕcānĭa, ōrum, n. [decanus], divisions of the zodiac, Manil. 4, 298.

dĕcānĭcum, i, n. [decanus], a building belonging to the church, Cod. Theod. 16, 5, 30.

dē-căno, ĕre, 3, v. a., to celebrate by singing: Cererem, Prob. Cath. 1492 P.

* dēcantātĭo, ōnis, f. [decanto], talkativeness, as transl. of ἀδολεσχία, Hier. Ep. 106, no. 49.

dē-canto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. (in the class. per. freq. in Cic.; elsewh. rare).

  1. I. To sing a thing off, to repeat in a singing manner (v. cano and canto).
    1. A. Usually with the secondary idea of something trite, worn out, absurd; to repeat often, to say over and over again ( = semper repetere, in ore habere; cf. cantilena): nec mihi opus est Graeco aliquo doctore, qui mihi pervulgata praecepta decantet, Cic. de Or. 2, 18, 75: causas, id. ib. 2, 32, 140; id. Fin. 4, 4, 10; id. Att. 13, 34; Quint. 12, 8, 3; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 64 al.
    2. B. Without this unfavorable idea: miserabiles elegos, Hor. Od. 1, 33, 3: Ἇλωσιν Ilii in scenico habitu, to recite, rehearse, * Suet. Ner. 38: tribus, to proclaim, Luc. 5, 394.
    3. C. Esp., to repeat as a charm, and hence to bewitch, enchant, charm: nullo decantatus carmine, App. M. 3, p. 138, 35: verbis et amplexibus aliquem, id. ib. 5, p. 165, 6; id. ib. 3, p. 137, 12; Vulg. Isa. 54, 1 al.
  2. II. Intr.
    1. A. (Acc. to de, no. II. 2. b.) To leave off singing: jam decantaverant ( = cantare, deplorare desierant), had given over lamenting, Cic. Tusc. 3, 22, 53.
    2. B. To play (upon an instrument): decantandi jus tibicinibus ademit, Aur. Vict. Vir. Illust. 34, 1.

dĕcānus, i, m. [decem].

  1. I. A chief of ten, one set over ten persons (late Lat.).
    1. A. Over soldiers, Veg. Mil. 2, 8.
    2. B. Over monks, a dean, Hier. Ep. 22, no. 35.
    3. C. The chief of the corpse-bearers, Cod. Just. 1, 2, 4; 9.
    4. D. As a judge, Vulg. Exod. 18, 21; Deut. 1, 15.
  2. II. A kind of officer at the imperial court, Cod. 12, 27, 1.
  3. III. In astrology, the chief of ten parts of a zodiacal sign, Firm. Math. 2, 4.

† dĕcā̆prōti, ōrum, m., = δεκάπρωτοι, the ten chief men, magistrates in the municipia and colonies (pure Lat. decem primi), Dig. 50, 4, 3, § 10; ib. 18, § 26.

† dĕcā̆prōtīa, ae, f., = δεκαπρωτεία, the office and dignity of the decaproti, Dig. 50, 4, 18, § 26.

dĕcargyrum, i, n., a large silver coin ( = majorina), Cod. Theod. 9, 23, 1.

dēcarmĭno, avi, 1, v. a. [de-carmen], to make prose of verse, to disarrange the order of the words in a verse: sed hic ordo nobis verborum faciendus est, ut versus hujus decarminata contextio ipsa se magis exponere videatur, Cassiod. in Psa. 130, 3, 4.

dē-carno, āre, v. a. [2, caro], to take off the flesh (late Lat.), Veg. A. V. 2, 27, 2; 2, 42, 1; 3, 6, 1; Apic. 7, 9.

† dĕcas, ădis, f., = δεκάς, a decade, Tert. de Praescr. 49 al.; Mart. Cap. 7, § 734.

‡ dĕcastylos, i, m., adj., = δεκάστυλος, having ten columns, decastyle, Vitr. 3, 1 fin.

* dē-caulesco, ĕre, v. n. [caulis], to form a stem, run to stalk: raphanus antequam decaulescat, Plin. 19, 7, 36, § 122.

Dĕcĕbălus, i, = Δεκέβαλος, a Dacian king, subdued by Trajan, Tac. Agr. 41; Suet. Dom. 6.

dē-cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3 (inf. sync. decesse, Ter. Heaut. prol. 32; Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 2; Neue Formenl. 2, 536. The part. perf. decessus perh. only Rutil. Nam. 1, 313), v. n., to go away, depart, withdraw. (For syn. cf.: linquo, relinquo, desero, destituo, deficio, discedo, excedo. Often opp. to accedo, maneo; freq. and class.)
Constr. absol. with de, ex, or merely the abl.; rarely with ab.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen.: decedamus, Plaut. Bac. 1, 1, 74: de altera parte (agri) decedere, Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 10: decedit ex Gallia Romam Naevius, Cic. Quint. 4, 16: e pastu, Verg. G. 1, 381; cf.: e pastu decedere campis, id. ib. 4, 186: ex aequore domum, id. ib. 2, 205; Italiā, Sall. J. 28, 2: Numidiā, id. ib. 38, 9: Africā, id. ib. 20, 1; 23, 1: pugnā, Liv. 34, 47: praesidio, id. 4, 29 (cf.: de praesidio, Cic. de Sen. 20, 73): quae naves paullulum suo cursu decesserint, i. e. had gone out of their course, Caes. B. C. 3, 112, 3; so, cum luminibus exstinctis decessisset viā, had gone out of the way, Suet. Caes. 31: pantherae constituisse dicuntur in Cariam ex nostra provincia decedere, Cic. Fam. 2, 11, 2.
    2. B. Esp.
      1. 1. t. t.
        1. a. In milit. lang., to retire, withdraw from a former position: qui nisi decedat atque exercitum deducat ex his regionibus, Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 19; so, absol., id. ib. 1, 44 fin.; Hirt. B. G. 8, 50: de colle, Caes. B. C. 1, 71, 3: de vallo, id. B. G. 5, 43, 4: inde, id. B. C. 1, 71 fin.: loco superiore, Hirt. B. G. 8, 9; so with abl., Auct. B. Alex. 34; 35 (twice); 70 al.
        2. b. In official lang.: de provincia, ex provincia, provinciā, or absol. (cf. Cic. Planc. 26, 65), to retire from the province on the expiration of a term of office: de provincia decessit, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 20; so, id. Att. 7, 3, 5; id. Fam. 2, 15 (twice); Liv. 29, 19 Drak.: decedens ex Syria, Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61; so, e Cilicia, id. Brut. 1: ex Africa, Nep. Cato, 1, 4: ex Asia, id. Att. 4, 1: ex ea provincia, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1 Zumpt N. cr.: ut decedens Considius provinciā, Cic. Lig. 1, 2; Liv. 39, 3; 41, 10: te antea, quam tibi successum esset, decessurum fuisse, Cic. Fam. 3, 6; so absol., id. Planc. 26, 65 al.: Albinus Romam decessit, Sall. J. 36 fin.; cf.: Romam ad triumphum, Liv. 8, 13; 9, 16.
          Rarely with a: cui cum respondissem, me a provincia decedere: etiam mehercule, inquit, ut opinor, ex Africa, Cic. Planc. 26 fin.
      2. 2. Decedere de viā; also viā, in viā alicui, alicui, or absol., to get out of the way, to give place, make way for one (as a mark of respect or of abhorrence): concedite atque abscedite omnes: de via decedite, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 1; cf.: decedam ego illi de via, de semita, id. Trin. 2, 4, 80 (Cic. Clu. 59. 163; cf. II. B infra); cf.: qui fecit servo currenti in viā decesse populum, Ter. Heaut. prol. 32: censorem L. Plancum via sibi decedere aedilis coegit, Suet. Ner. 4; cf. id. Tib. 31: sanctis divis, Catul. 62, 268: nocti, Verg. Ec. 8, 88: peritis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 216 (cf.: cedere nocti, Liv. 3, 60, 7).
        Also, to get out of the way of, avoid: decedere canibus de via, Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 67; cf.: hi numero impiorum habentur, his omnes decedunt, aditum defugiunt, etc., Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 7.
        By zeugma, in the pass.: salutari, appeti, decedi, assurgi, deduci, reduci, etc., Cic. de Sen. 18, 63.
      3. 3. Pregn., to depart, disappear (cf.: cedo, concedo).
        1. a. Of living beings, to decease, to die: si eos, qui jam de vita decesserunt, Cic. Rab. Perd. 11: vitā, Dig. 7, 1, 57, § 1; Vulg. 2 Mac. 6, 31; but commonly absol.: pater nobis decessit a. d. VIII. Kal. Dec., id. Att. 1, 6: cum paterfamiliae decessit, Caes. B. G. 6, 19, 3; Nep. Arist. 3, 2, and 3; id. Cim. 1; id. Ages. 8, 6; Liv. 1, 34; 9, 17; Quint. 3, 6, 96 et saep.: cruditate contracta, id. 7, 3, 33: morbo aquae intercutis, Suet. Ner. 5 fin.: paralysi, id. Vit. 3: ex ingratorum hominum conspectu morte decedere, Nep. Timol. 1, 6.
        2. b. Of inanimate things, to depart, go off; to abate, subside, cease: corpore febres, Lucr. 2, 34: febres, Nep. Att. 22, 3; Cels. 3, 3; cf.: quartana, Cic. Att. 7, 2 (opp. accedere): decessisse inde aquam, run off, fallen, Liv. 30, 38 fin.; cf.: decedere aestum, id. 26, 45; 9, 26 al.: de summa nihil decedet, to be wanting, to fail, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 30; Cic. Clu. 60, 167; cf.: quicquid libertati plebis caveretur, id suis decedere opibus credebant, Liv. 3, 55: decedet jam ira haec, etsi merito iratus est, Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 55 (for which ib. 5, 2, 15: cito ab eo haec ira abscedet): postquam invidia decesserat, Sall. J. 88, 1; Liv. 33, 31 fin.; Tac. A. 15, 16 al.: priusquam ea cura decederet patribus, Liv. 9, 29; so with dat., id. 2, 31; 23, 26; Tac. A. 15, 20; 44.
          Poet.: incipit et longo Scyros decedere ponto, i. e. seems to flee before them, Stat. Ach. 2, 308.
          In the Aug. poets sometimes of the heavenly bodies, to go down, set: et sol crescentes decedens duplicat umbras, Verg. E. 2, 67; so id. G. 1, 222; Ov. M. 4, 91; hence also of the day, to depart: te veniente die, te decedente canebat, Verg. G. 4, 466; also of the moon, to wane, Gell. 20, 8, 7.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. De possessione, jure, sententia, fide, etc. (and since the Aug. per. with abl. alone; the reading ex jure suo, Liv. 3, 33, 10, is very doubtful), to depart from; to give up, resign, forego; to yield, to swerve from one’s possession, station, duty, right, opinion, faith, etc.
          1. (α) With de: cogere aliquem de suis bonis decedere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 17 fin.; cf.: de hypothecis, id. Fam. 13, 56, 2; and de possessione, id. Agr. 2, 26; de suo jure, id. Rosc. Am. 27; id. Att. 16, 2: qui de civitate decedere quam de sententia maluit, id. Balb. 5: de officio ac dignitate, id. Verr. 1, 10: de foro decedere, to retire from public life, Nep. Att. 10, 2: de scena, to retire from the stage, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 2; cf. impers.: de officio decessum, Liv. 8, 25 fin.
          2. (β) With abl. alone (so usually in Liv.): jure suo, Liv. 3, 33 fin.: sententiā, Tac. A. 14, 49: instituto vestro, Liv. 37, 54: officio (opp. in fide atque officio pristino fore), id. 27, 10; 36, 22: fide, id. 31, 5 fin.; 34, 11; 45, 19 al.: poema … si paulum summo decessit, vergit ad imum, Hor. A. P. 378.
          3. (γ) Very rarely with ab: cum (senatus) nihil a superioribus continuorum annorum decretis decesserit, Cic. Fl. 12.
          4. (δ) Absol.: si quos equites decedentis nactus sum, supplicio adfeci, Asin. Pol. ap. C. Fam. 10, 32, 5.
    2. B. De via, to depart, deviate from the right way: se nulla cupiditate inductum de via decessisse, Cic. Cael. 16, 38: moleste ferre se de via decessisse, id. Clu. 59, 163; so, viā dicendi, Quint. 4, 5, 3.
    3. C. (acc. to no. I. B. 2) To give way, yield to another (i. e. to his will or superior advantages—very rare): vivere si recte nescis, decede peritis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 213: ubi non Hymetto Mella decedunt, are not inferior, id. Od. 2, 6, 15.
    4. D. (poet.) To avoid, shun, escape from (cf. I. B. 2 supra): nec serae meminit decedere nocti, to avoid the late night, i. e. the coldness of night, Varius ap. Macr. S. 6, 2, 20; Verg. Ecl. 8, 88; id. G. 3, 467: calori, id. ib. 4, 23.
    5. E. To fall short of, degenerate from: de generis nobilitate, Pall. 3, 25, 2: a rebus gestis ejus et gloriae splendore, Justin. 6, 3, 8.
  3. * III. For the simple verb (v. cedo, no. I. 2), to go off, turn out, result in any manner: prospere decedentibus rebus, Suet. Caes. 24.

Dĕcĕlēa or -īa, ae, f., Δεκέλεια, a demos in Attica, 120 stadia from the Boeotian frontier, Nep. Alcib. 4, 7; Frontin. Strat. 1, 3, 9.

* dē-cello, ĕre, v. a., = declino, to turn aside, deviate, Lucr. 2, 219 Lachm. ex conj. (better depellere, with the MSS. v. Munro ad loc.).

dĕcem (DEKEM, Corp. Inscr. Lat. 1, 844 al.
The best MSS. and editt. vacillate often between the word and its sign X), num. [Sanscr. and Zend, daçan, Gr. δέκα, Old H. Germ. zëhan, Germ. zehn, Eng. ten], ten.

  1. I. Prop.: decem minae, Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 57 and 58: hominum milia decem, Caes. B. G. 1, 4; 7, 21: fundi decem et tres, Cic. Rose. Am. 7, 20; cf. id. ib. 35, 99: milia passuum decem novem, Caes. B. G. 1, 8; Tac. H. 2, 58.
    1. B. Decem primi (separated thus in the inscrr.), or in one word, Dĕcemprīmi, ōrum, m., the heads or presidents of the ten decuriae which usually formed the senate in an Italian city or Roman colony (afterwards called decaproti, v. h. v.): magistratus et decem primi, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 67; id. Rosc. Am. 9, 25; Inscr. Orell. 642 and 1848. Their dignity was termed dĕcem-prīmātus, ūs, m. (also decaprotia, v. h. v.), Dig. 50, 4, 1.
  2. II. Meton., for an indefinite, round number: si decem habeas linguas, mutum esse addecet, Plaut. Bac. 1, 2, 20; id. Merc. 2, 3, 11; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 25: habebat saepe ducentos, Saepe decem servos, etc., id. S. 1, 3, 12: cf.: decies.

1. Dĕcember, bris, m. [decem and -ber, = fer, Sanscr. bhar, to carry, bear: cf. Septem-ber, etc.],

  1. I. the tenth month of the Roman year, reckoned from March, and consequently our twelfth, December (containing, as now, 31 days): "dehinc quintus (mensis) Quintilis et sic deinceps usque ad Decembrem a numero," Varr. L. L. 6, § 34 Müll.; Cic. Leg. 2, 21 fin.: acceptus Geniis December (on account of the Saturnalia celebrated in this month), Ov. F. 3, 58; cf. Sen. Ep. 18: canus, Mart. 1, 50: gelidus, Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 3; cf.: fumosus, id. ib. 2, 491.
        1. b. Adj.: ut adesset senatus frequens a. d. VIII. Kalendas Decembres, Cic. Phil. 3, 8: Nonae Decembres, Hor. Od. 3, 18, 10: Idibus Decembribus, Liv. 4, 37: libertate Decembri utere (i. e. of the Saturnalia), Hor. S. 2, 7, 4.
  2. II. As closing the year, meton. for the (past) year: hic tertius December, ex quo, etc., Hor. Epod. 11, 5; cf.: me quater undenos implevisse Decembres, id. Ep. 1, 20, 27.
      1. 2. Dĕcember, bris, m., a Roman surname, Inscr. Grut. 241; 676 al.; name of a slave, Dig. 40, 5, 41, § 15.

dĕcem-jŭgis, is, m. [jugum].
Lit., adj., ten-yoked; hence (with currus understood), a ten-horse chariot (very rare), Suet. Ner. 24; Inscr. ap. Buleng. de Circo, 55.

dĕcem-mestris, e, adj. [mensis; cf.: bimestris, trimestris], of ten months: annus, Censorin. 11; 20.

dĕcem-mŏdĭus, a, um, adj., containing ten modii (very rare): corbulae, Col. 12, 50, 8.
Subst.: dĕcemmŏdĭae, ārum, f. (al. decimodiae, sc. corbulae), baskets holding each ten modii, id. 12, 18, 2.

dĕcem-pĕda, ae, f. [pes], a ten-foot measuring rod, Cic. Mil. 27, 74; id. Phil. 14, 4, 10; id. Ac. 2, 41, 126; * Hor. Od. 2, 15, 14 al.

dĕcempĕdālis, e, adj. [decem-pes], ten feet long: spatium, Cod. 11, 42, 6.

* dĕcempĕdātor, ōris, m. [decempeda], a land-measurer, land-surveyor, Cic. Phil. 13, 18, 37.

dĕcem-plex, ĭcis, adj. [plico], tenfold, Varr. L. L. 10, § 43 Müll: numerus hostium, Nep. Milt. 5.

* dĕcemplĭcātus, a, um, adj. [decem-plex], multiplied by ten, ten times over, Varr. L. L. 6, § 38 Müll.

dĕcemprīmātus, dĕcemprīmi, v. decem, no. I. B.

* dĕcem-rēmis, e, adj. [remus; cf.: biremis, triremis], lit. ten-oared, i. e. having ten banks of oars: sc. navis, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 208.

* decem-scalmus, a, um, adj. [scalmus], lit. ten-thowled, i. e. having ten oars: actuariola, Cic. Att. 16, 3, 6; Orell, N. cr.

dĕcemvir, v. decemviri.

dĕcemvĭrālis, e, adj. [decemviri], decemviral, of or belonging to the decem viri: leges, i. e. of the Twelve Tables, Liv. 3, 57 fin.; Gell. 20, 1, 3: potestas, Liv. 3, 55; Tac. A. 1, 1: annus, Cic. Rep. 2, 37 invidia, id. Brut. 14, 54; Liv. 3, 42: certaminibus, id. 3, 54: odio, id. 3, 42: ex collegio (sacerdotes), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49: pecunia (referring to the decemviri agris dividundis), id. Agr. 1, 5; cf.: auctis, ib. 2, 22, 58.
* Adv., dĕcemvĭrālĭter: loqui, i. e. in the manner of the decemviri stlitibus judicandis, Sid. Ep. 8, 6 med.

dĕcemvĭrātus, ūs, m. [decemviri], the decemvirate, the rank or office of a decemvir; with regard to the decemv. agr. divid., Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 60; with regard to the decemv. legib. scrib., Liv. 4, 15 al.

dĕcem-vĭri (in MSS. and old edd. often Xviri), um or ōrum (gen.-virum, Cic. Agr. 2, 15, 39; 2, 21, 56; id. Rep. 2, 36, 61; Varr. L. L. 9, § 85 Müll.; Liv. 27, 8; 40, 12: -virorum only in Liv., where it is very freq.), m. [vir], a college or commission of ten men, the decemviri or decemvirs, Roman magistrates of various kinds.

  1. I. The most famous were called decemviri legibus scribundis, the composers of the Twelve Tables, who ruled alone, and absolutely, in the years of Rome 303 to 305 (legally only 303 and 304; hence "neque decemviralis potestas ultra biennium," Tac. A. 1, 1), Cic. Rep. 2, 36 sq.; Liv. 3, 32 sq.; Gell. 20, 1, 3.
    In sing., Cic. Rep. 2, 36 fin.; Liv. 3, 33 fin.; 40; 46; 48 al. The fragments which remain of these laws form one of the most important monuments of the early Latin language; and have been critically edited by R. Schoell, Leips., 1866; cf. Momms. Rom. Hist. book 2, ch. 2; Lange, Röm. Alter. 1, 535 sqq.; Wordsworth, Fragm. p. 503 sq.
  2. II. Decemviri stlitibus (litibus) judicandis, a standing tribunal for deciding causes involving liberty or citizenship, and which represented the praetor, Cic. Or. 46, 156; Suet. Aug. 36; Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 29; Corp. Inscr. Lat. 8, 38 (A. U. C. 615); cf. Cic. Caec. 33, 97.
    In the sing., Inscr. Orell. no. 133 and 554.
  3. III. Decemviri agris dividundis, a commission for distributing the public land to the people, Cic. Agr. 1, 6 sq.; 2, 7 sq.; Liv. 31, 4 and 42; cf.: X. VIR. A. D. A. (i. e. decemviri agris dandis assignandis), Inscr. Orell. 544.
  4. IV. Decemviri sacris faciundis, a college of priests who preserved the Sibylline books, had charge of the Apollinaria, etc.; its number in the time of the emperors was increased to sixty, Liv. 10, 8; 25, 12 al.
    In sing., Inscr. Orell. 554.

dĕcennālis, e, adj. [decem-annus],

  1. I. of ten years, decennial (late Lat.; cf. decennis): bellum, i. e. Caesar’s in Gaul, Amm. 15, 12, 6; of the Trojan war, Hier. adv. Jovin. 1, 48.
  2. II. Subst.: DECENNALIA (ium, n.), a festival celebrated every ten years after the time of Augustus, Trebell. Gallien. 21, 5; Inscr. Grut. 116, 4; v. decennis fin.

dĕcennis, e, adj. [decem-annus],

  1. I. of ten years (post-Aug.): bellum, of the Greeks before Troy, Quint. 8, 4, 22; also proelium, Petr. 89, 2, 8: obsidio (Veiorum), Flor. 1, 12, 8: equae, ten years old, Plin. 8, 44, 69; cf.: decenni major asinus, Pall. Mart. 14, 1.
  2. II. Subst.: decennia, ium, n., = decennalia, a festival under the emperors, held every ten years, Treb. Gall. 5 fin.; cf.: decennalis, no. II.

dĕcennĭum, ii, n. [decennis].

  1. I. A period of ten years (post-class.), App. de Deo. Socr. p. 52, 7 al.
  2. II. i. q. decennalia, Trebell. Gallien. 7 fin.

dĕcennŏvālis, e, adj. [decem novem], of nineteen years: cyclus, Cassiod., comp. pasch.

Dĕcennŏvĭum, ii, n. [decem-novem], the Pomptine Marshes (19,000 feet in length), Cassiod. Var. 2, 32 sq.; Inscr. Grut. 152, 8.

dĕcens, entis, v. decet, P. a.

dĕcenter, v. decet, P. a. fin.

dĕcentĭa, ae, f. [decens], comeliness, decency: colorum et figurarum (with venustas), Cic. N. D. 2, 58; id. de Or. 3, 52, 200.

Dĕcentĭus, ĭi, m., a general of Magnentius, Amm. 15, 6, 4; 16, 12, 5; Eutr. 10, 7.
Dĕcentĭăcus, a, um, adj., pertaining to Decentius.
Subst.: Dĕcen-tiăci, ōrum, m., his adherents, Amm. 18, 9, 3.

dēceptio, ōnis, f. [decipio],

  1. I. a deceiving, deception (late Lat.), Mart. Cap. 4 fin. al.; Cod. 11, 47, 6; Vulg. 1. Macc. 16, 17.
  2. II. Deceitfulness: vitae, Vulg. Sap. 14, 21: divitiarum, id. Marc. 4, 19.

dēceptor, ōris, m. [decipio], a deceiver (late Lat. for fraudator), Sen. Thyest. 140; Lact. de Ira, 4, 8; August. Serm. 362, 18.

dēceptōrĭus, a, um, adj. [decipio], deceitful, deceptive (late Lat.), Aug. Doctr. Christ. 2, 23.

dēceptrix, īcis, f. [deceptor], she that deceives: perniciosa adulatio, Lact. Epit. 6 fin.

1. dēceptus, a, um, Part. of decipio.

2. dēceptus, ūs, m. [decipio], deception (late Lat.), Tert. adv. Marc. 3, 6: deceptui facilis, id. Anim. 18.

† dĕcēris, is, f., = δεκήρης (sc. ναῦς), a ten-oared ship, i. e. a ship having ten banks of oars: Liburnicas, Suet. Calig. 37 (acc. to a conject. of Turneb. Adv. 22, 30; lect. vulg. de cedris).

dēcermĭna, um, n. [decerpo], leaves and boughs plucked off; decermina dicuntur quae decerpuntur purgandi causa, Paul. ex Fest. p. 72, 7 Müll.; hence Trop.: Fortunae, i. e. beggars, qs. the refuse of Fortune, App. M. 1, p. 104, 29.

dē-cerno, crēvi, crētum, 3 (the syncop. forms decreram, etc., decrerim, etc., decresse are freq. in Cicero and Liv., also Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 25; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 73; 2, 1, 15, but not in Caes., where is only decreverat, B. G. 4, 17; 5, 5 fin.; 5, 53, 2), v. a. and n.

  1. I. (acc. to cerno, no. II. 3.) To decide, determine any thing disputed or doubtful. For syn. cf.: scisco, jubeo, statuo, constituo, dico, sancio, consilium capio, destino, obstino, definio, determino.
    1. A. Prop., of a judge, magistrate, etc., to pronounce a decision respecting something; to decide, judge, determine, decree; to vote for any thing (very freq. and class.).
      Const. with acc., with acc. et inf., a relat. clause, with de, or absol.: alias (Verres praetor) revocabat eos, inter quos jam decreverat decretumque mutabat, alias, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46: si quod est admissum facinus, si caedes facta, idem (Druides) decernunt, Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 5: consules de consilii sententia decreverunt secundum Buthrotios, Cic. Att. 16, 16, C, § 11: decernere vindicias secundum servitutem, in favor of slavery, i. e. restore the slave to his master, Liv. 3, 47, 5; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 4: cum senatus triumphum Africano decerneret, id. Fin. 4, 9, 22; cf. of a single senator: non decrevi solum, sed etiam ut vos decerneretis laboravi, id. Prov. Cons. 11, 28; so supplicationem decernere, id. Fam. 15, 4, 11; so also: Crassus tres legatos decernit, id. ib. 1, 1, 3: D. Junius silanus supplicium sumendum decreverat, Sall. C. 50, 4: quando id bellum senatus decrevisset, quando id bellum populus R. jussisset? Liv. 41, 7; 42, 36; id. 5, 36; id. 26, 2: id quod senatus me auctore decrevit, Cic. Phil. 6, 1, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 2, 2: qui ordo decrevit invitus, on compulsion, Cic. Phil. 1, 6, 13: Ligures ambobus consulibus decernuntur, id. Liv. 42, 10; cf.: provinciam desponsam non decretam habere, Cic. Prov. Cons. 15 (v. the whole passage in connection): provinciae privatis decernuntur, Caes. B. C. 1, 6, 4 et saep.: ex annuo sumptu, qui mihi decretus esset, Cic. Att. 7, 1, 6 et saep.: mea virtute atque diligentia perditorum hominum patefactam esse conjurationem decrevistis, id. Cat. 4, 3: cum pontifices decressent ita; SI, etc., id. Att. 4, 2, 3: senatus decrevit populusque jussit, ut, etc., id. Verr. 2, 2, 67: in jure dicundo, ita decrevit, ut, etc., Suet. Galb. 7; cf. of individuals: Hortensii et mea et Luculli sententia … tibi decernit, ut regem reducas, etc., Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 3.
      Impers.: in parricidas rei publicae decretum esse, Sall. Cat. 51, 25.
      Esp. of the emperor, to determine the law by deciding a case: quodcumque imperator cognoscens decrevit, legem esse constat, Dig. 1, 4, 1, § 1; Just. Inst. 1, 2, 6.
      1. 2. Transf., beyond the judicial sphere, to decide, determine, judge: qui nequeas nostrorum uter sit Amphitruo decernere, Plaut. fragm. ap. Non. 285, 26: rem dubiam decrevit vox opportune emissa, Liv. 5, 55; cf.: primus clamor atque impetus rem decrevit, id. 25, 41; Plin. 17, 27, 46, § 258: de his Catonis praecepta decernent, id. 17, 22, 35, § 190: duo talenta pro re nostra ego esse decrevi satis, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 67; id. Hec. 4, 1, 27: quam decrerim me non posse diutius habere, id. ib. 1, 2, 73: in quo omnia mea posita esse decrevi, Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 3; id. Att. 3, 15, 7: illum decrerunt dignum, suos cui liberos committerent, Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15: in ejus controversiis quid decernas, non a te peto, Cic. Fam. 13, 59: aliquem decernere hostem, to proclaim one an enemy by a formal decree, id. Phil. 11, 7, 16.
        Absol.: nequeo satis decernere, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 5.
    2. B. Milit., to decide by combat; hence (like cernere and certare), in gen., to fight, combat, contend: castra castris conferamus, et Samnis Romanusne imperio Italiam regant, decernamus, Liv. 8, 23, 9; id. 1, 23, 9: in ipso illo gladiatorio vitae certamine, quod ferro decernitur, Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317: proelium, id. Fam. 10, 10: pugnam, Liv. 28, 14; cf. id. ib. 33: de bello decernere, Auct. B. Hisp. 5 fin. Oud. N. cr.: ne armis decernatur, Cic. Att. 7, 3, 5; cf.: ferro ancipiti decernunt, Verg. A. 7, 525: and armis, ferro, id. ib. 11, 218; 12, 282; 695 (cf. et cernere ferro, id. ib. 709): cursibus et crudo caestu, id. G. 3, 20: cornibus inter se, id. ib. 218: lapidibus et subselliorum fragminibus, Suet. Ner. 26 et saep.: contra magnam vim hostium, artificio magis quam viribus, Auct. B. Afr. 14: acie, Liv. 2, 14; Nep. Milt. 4, 4: proelio cum proditore, Just. 13, 8, 4: classe decreturi, Nep. Hann. 10, 4: integriore exercitu, id. Eum. 9 fin.
      Absol.:       decernendi potestatem Pompeio fecit, Caes. B. C. 3, 41; cf. Liv. 21, 41.
      1. 2. Transf., beyond the milit. sphere: decernite criminibus, mox ferro decreturi, Liv. 40, 8 fin.
        So of a judicial contest: uno judicio de fortunis omnibus decernit, Cic. Quint. 2, 6; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 29; and qui judicio decernent, id. 12, 7, 5: de salute reipublicae, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 2: pro mea omni fama fortunisque, id. de Or. 2, 49: utinam meo solum capite decernerem, id. Att. 10, 9; Caes. B. C. 1, 35, 3.
  2. II. With reference to one’s own acts, to decide, determine on doing something; to determine, resolve on something (freq. in all periods and styles).
    Constr., with inf. and with acc. and inf.: si tu fluctus e gurgite tollere decreris, Lucil. ap. Rufin. § 26 (p. 238 ed. Frotsch.): quicquid peperisset decreverunt tollere, Ter. Andr. 1, 3, 14: Caesar his de causis Rhenum transire decreverat, Caes. B. G. 4, 17 et saep.: eos me decretum est persequi mores patris, Plaut. Asin. 1, 1, 58; id. Stich. 1, 3, 65; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 56; cf.: certum atque decretum est non dare signum, Liv. 2, 45: reliquam aetatem a republica procul habendam decrevi, Sall. C. 4. With ut and subjunct.: hic decernit ut miser sit, Cic. Tusc. 3, 27, 65.
    With accus.: quicquam decernere, id. ib.
    Hence, dē-crētum, i, n.
    1. A. (Acc. to no. I. A.) A decree, decision, ordinance of any political or judicial body (for syn. cf.: scitum, edictum, consilium, jus): senatus Caelium ab rep. removendum censuit. Hoc decreto eum consul senatu prohibuit, Caes. B. C. 3, 21, 3: si qui eorum (sc. Druidum) decreto non stetit, sacrificiis interdicunt, id. B. G. 6, 13, 5; cf. id. ib. § 10: vestra responsa atque decreta evertuntur saepe dicendo, Cic. Mur. 13 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 2, 48: decurionum, id. Rosc. Am. 9, 25 et saep.: Caesaris, Vulg. Act. 17, 7.
      Esp. leg. t. t., a decision of the emperor as judge, a precedent (cf. rescriptum), Gai. 1, 5; Just. Inst. 2, 15, 4.
    2. B. Transf., in philos. lang. as a translation of the Gr. δόγμα, principle, doctrine, precept, Cic. Ac. 2, 9, 27; id. ib. § 29; cf. Sen. Ep. 94, 2 sq. and 95, 9 sq. (quis philoso, phorum) decretis suis paret? Lact. 3, 15, 3.

dē-cerpo, psi, ptum, 3, v. a. [carpo], to pluck off, to tear, pull, or break off, to crop, gather (class.; most freq. in the poets.
Constr., usually aliquid ex aliqua re; less freq. aliquid de aliqua re).

  1. I. Lit.: acina de uvis decerpito, Cato R. R. 112, 3: novos flores, Lucr. 1, 927; 4, 3; cf.: undique decerptam fronti praeponere olivam, Hor. Od. 1, 7, 7: arbore pomum, Ov. M. 5, 536; cf. id. Pont. 3, 5, 19; and auricomos fetus arbore, Verg. A. 6, 141: praetenuia fila ex abietibus, Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 128; lilia tenero ungui, Prop. 1, 20, 39; cf.: pollice florem, Ov. F. 5, 255; and aurea poma manu mea, id. M. 10, 649; Val. Max. 2, 8, 5: herbas, Ov. M. 1, 645: ficum, Juv. 14, 253 et saep.
    Absol.: floret (thymum) circa solstitia, cum et apes decerpunt, Plin. 21, 10, 31, § 56; Catull. 64, 316.
  2. II. Trop.: quae (omnia) nisi cotidie decerpantur arescunt, Quint. 12, 10, 79: humanus animus decerptus ex mente divina, Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 38; cf. Quint. 4, 1, 23: ne quid jocus de gravitate decerperet, Cic. de Or. 2, 56, 229: quarum (materiarum) nunc facillima decerpunt, Quint. 10, 5, 21.
    Poet.: oscula mordenti semper decerpere rostro, Catull. 68, 127 (cf.: carpo, no. II. 1); for which, ora puellae, Verg. Cop. 33 Sillig.
    Hence,
    1. B. Transf.
      1. 1. (Acc. to carpo, no. II. 1.) To enjoy: ex re fructus, Hor. S. 1, 2, 79: primas noctes tecum epulis, Pers. 5, 43: murmura vocis, Stat. Th. 6, 165: decus primae pugnae, Sil. 4, 138; cf.: nihil sibi ex ista laude centurio decerpit, Cic. Marc. 2, 7: mulieres, Vulg. Baruch, 6, 27.
      2. 2. (Acc. to carpo, no. II. 1.) To destroy: quae (invidia) spes tantas decerpat, Quint. 6 prooem. § 10; cf.: illibatam virginitatem, Sen. Contr. 1, 2 med.

dēcerptor, ōris, m. [decerpo], one who plucks or excerpts. Only Trop., one who extracts or quotes: auctori tribui quod decerptori debui, August. c. Sec. Jul. 1, 16.

dēcertātĭo, ōnis, f. [decerto], the decision of a dispute, a decisive conflict or contest: rerum omnium, Cic. Phil. 11, 9, 21; cf. Cod. Theod. 7, 20, 2, § 2.

dēcertātor, ōris, m. [decerto], he who goes through a decisive contest, a champion: veritatis, Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 3, 16 and 34.

dē-certo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a., to go through a decisive contest, to fight it out (but certare, to fight, without reference to the result. But the difference was not strictly observed. Thus Caesar uses often —15 times—decertare, but never certare; Sallust only the latter; and Cicero the two indifferently; cf.: decerno, I. B. and no. II. inf.).

  1. I. In the milit. sphere.
          1. (α) With abl.: proelio decertare, Caes. B. C. 1, 50, 4; so id. ib. 7, 77, 8; id. B. C. 1, 81, 5; 3, 37; 44; cf.: proeliis cum acerrimis nationibus, Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 33: pugnā, Caes. B. G. 3, 23, 7: cum civibus armis, id. B. C. 3, 19; so ferro in ultima, Ov. M. 14, 804: cornu cum mare (aries), id. F. 4, 101: manu, Cic. Off. 1, 23 fin.
          2. (β) Without abl.: ut (Pompeium) pari condicione belli secum decertare cogeret, Caes. B. C. 3, 78, 3; so cum toto exercitu, Hirt. B. G. 8, 7, 6: iterum paratum esse decertare, Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 9; so absol., id. ib. 2, 10; id. B. C. 2, 6; Tac. H. 2, 33 al.; Vulg. Johan. 18, 36: de salute omnium, Auct. B. Alex. 16, 3.
            Pass. impers.: cum duobus ducibus de imperio in Italia decertatum est, Cic. Lael. 8 fin.; Auct. B. Alex. 16, 6; Auct. B. Afr. 19 fin.
    1. B. Poet. like certo (v. h. v, no. I. fin.) as v. a., to fill with strife or contention, to fight for, to achieve by fighting, contending: regna profanis decertata odiis, Stat. Th. 1, 2: ventis decertata aequora, id. ib. 479: decertati labores, Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 21; cf.: Artemisia certamen laudibus ejus dicundis facit … ad eas laudes decertandas venisse dicuntur viri, Gell. 10, 18, 5.
  2. II. Beyond the milit. sphere, to contend: erat non jure, non legibus, non disceptando decertandum; armis fuit dimicandum, Cic. Planc. 36: decertare contentione dicendi, to contend, to strive, to vie with one, id. Phil. 2, 1, 2; cf.: tanta contentione cum consulibus, id. Fam. 5, 8: and, inter se, id. Fin. 5, 2, 5: cum sint duo genera decertandi, unum per disceptationem, alterum per vim, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34; in the gymnasium, ludicra virginum inter se decertantium, Mela, 1, 7, 4.
    1. * B. Poet. of inanimate subjects: Africus Decertans Aquilonibus, * Hor. Od. 1, 3, 13.

* dē-cervīcātus, a, um, adj. [cervix], decollated, beheaded: cadavera, Sid. Ep. 3, 3 med.

dēcessĭo, ōnis, f. [decedo], a going away, departure (opp. accessio—good prose).

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen.: is mecum saepe de tua mansione aut decessione communicat, Cic. Fam. 4, 4 fin.
    2. B. Esp.
      1. 1. The withdrawal, retirement of a magistrate from the province he has governed, Cic. Pis. 36, 89; id. Att. 6, 5 fin.; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1.
      2. 2. Pregn., the decrease, diminution, abatement, or entire disappearance of an object: neque enim ulla decessio fieri poterat neque accessio, Cic. Univ. 6: utrum accessionem decumae an decessionem de summa fecerit, id. Rab. Post. 11, 30 sq.; Dig. 29, 4, 28 fin.: decessio capitis aut accessio, Cic. Div. 2, 15, 36: accessio et decessio febris, Cels. 3, 3 fin.; so id. 2, 4 et saep.
      3. 3. Decease: Juliani, Spart. Did. Jul. 7 fin.
  2. * II. Trop.: verborum, the transition, transferring of words from their primary to a derivative meaning, Gell. 13, 29, 1.

dēcessor, ōris, m. [decedo, no. I. B. 2],

  1. I. one who retires from a province he has governed; hence, with reference to his successor, a retiring officer (rare): successori decessor invidit, Cic. Scaur. Fragm. § 33, p. 187 ed. Beier; so Tac. Agr. 7; Dig. 1, 16, 4, § 4.
  2. II. In gen., a predecessor in office (late Lat.), August. in Psal. 43, 16 al.

dēcessus, ūs, m. [decedo], a going away, departure (opp. accessus—good prose).

  1. I. In gen.: post Dionysii decessum, Nep. Tim. 2, 3.
  2. II. Esp.
    1. A. The withdrawal, retirement of a magistrate from the province he has governed (in Cic. oftener decessio): post M. Bruti decessum, Cic. Phil. 2, 38; so Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10 fin.
    2. B. Pregn., decrease, disappearance, departure: aestūs, the ebbing, subsidence, Caes. B. G. 3, 13; Nili, Plin. 18, 18, 47, § 168: febris, Cels. 3, 12: morbi, Gell. 4, 2, 13.
      1. 2. Decease, death: amicorum decessu plerique angi solent, Cic. Lael. 3, 10; cf.: EX DECESSV L. CAESARIS, Cenot. Pis. ap. Orell. Inscr. 643.

dĕcet, cuit, 2, v. impers. [Sanscr. dacas, fame; Gr. δοκέω, to seem, think; Lat. decus, dignus]. It is seemly, comely, becoming,; it beseems, behooves, is fitting, suitable, proper (for syn. v. debeo init.): decere quasi aptum esse consentaneumque tempori et personae, Cic. Or. 22, 74; cf. also nunc quid aptum sit, hoc est, quid maxime deceat in oratione videamus, id. de Or. 3, 55, 210 (very freq. and class.; not in Caes.).
Constr., with nom. or inf. of the thing, and with acc.; less freq. with dat. of the pers.; sometimes absol.

      1. a. With nom. rei
        1. (α) and acc. pers.: Ph. Quin me aspice et contempla, ut haec (sc. vestis) me decet. Sc. Virtute formae id evenit, te ut deceat, quicquid habeas, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 16 sq.; cf.: quem decet muliebris ornatus, quem incessus psaltriae, Cic. Clod. fragm. 5, p. 105 ed. Beier: te toga picta decet, Prop. 4, 4, 53 al.; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 30; Quint. 8, 5, 28; and nec habitus triumphalis feminas deceat, id. 11, 1, 3; cf.: omnis Aristippum color decuit, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 23: intonsus crinis deum, Tib. 1, 4, 38; cf.: neglecta decet multas coma, Ov. A. A. 3, 153; id. F. 2, 106 et saep.: id maxime quemque decet, quod est cujusque maxime suum, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113: quod omnes et semper et ubique decet, Quint. 11, 1, 14: non si quid Pholoen satis, Et te, Chlori, decet, Hor. Od. 3, 15, 8 et saep.: qui flexus deceat miserationem, Quint. 1, 11, 12: civitatem quis deceat status, Hor. Od. 3, 29, 25 et saep.
          In plur.: quem tenues decuere togae nitidique capilli, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 32: te non citharae decent, id. Od. 3, 15, 14: alba decent Cererem: vestes Cerealibus albas Sumite, Ov. F. 4, 619; id. M. 1, 457 et saep.: nec velle experiri, quam se aliena deceant, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113; Quint. 6, 1, 25: illa quoque diversa bonum virum decent, id. 11, 1, 42 et saep.: duo verba uni apposita ne versum quidem decuerint, id. 8, 6, 43.
        2. (β) Without acc. pers.: nihil est difficilius quam quid deceat videre, Cic. Or. 21, 70; cf.: quid deceat et quid aptum sit personis, id. Off. 1, 34 fin.: casus singularis magis decuit, Quint. 8, 3, 20; id. 11, 3, 161 et saep.: idem fere in omni genere causarum et proderit et decebit, id. 11, 1, 14; cf. id. 9, 4, 21.
          In plur.: ubi lepos, joci, risus, vinum, ebrietas decent, Plaut. Ps. prol. 20: cum magna pars est exhausta orationis, pene omnia decent, Quint. 11, 3, 147; 150; id. 11, 1, 48 et saep.
        3. (γ) With dat.: istuc facinus nostro generi non decet, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 188: certa est ratio quae deceat philosopho, Apul. Flor. 3, p. 355, 13; Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 34; cf. infra.
      2. b. With inf.
        1. (α) and acc. pers.: non te mihi irasci decet, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 24: hanc maculam nos decet effugere, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 31: oratorem irasci minime decet, Cic. Tusc. 4, 25; Quint. 12, 6, 3; Ov. M. 3, 265; so freq. with inf. pass.: specimen naturae capi debet ex optima quaque natura, Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 32: mortalin’ decuit violari vulnere divum? Verg. A. 12, 797; Ter. And. prol. 16.
        2. (β) Without acc.: injusta ab justis impetrare non decet, Plaut. Am. prol. 35: exemplis grandioribus decuit uti, Cic. Div. 1, 20; Ov. M. 8, 27: nunc decet caput impedire myrto: nunc et in umbrosis Fauno decet immolare lucis, Hor. Od. 1, 4, 9 sq.; id. Ep. 1, 17, 2; Pers. 3, 27.
        3. (γ) With dat.: decet tantae majestati eas servare leges, quibus, etc., Dig. 32, 1, 23: ita uti liberali esse ingenio decet, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 89: prima certe pensari decet populo utrum, etc., Liv. 34, 58, 8.
      3. c. Absol.
        1. (α) with acc. pers.: ita ut vos decet, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 40; cf.: facis, ut te decet, Ter. Andr. 2, 5, 10; id. Heaut. 5, 5, 10: ita uti fortes decet milites, id. Eun. 4, 7, 44; cf.: id. Andr. 2, 6, 14: illum decet, Quint. 9, 4, 15 et saep.
        2. (β) Without case: eia haud sic decet, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 35; cf. id. Hec. 2, 2, 10: fecisti ut decuerat, id. ib. 4, 4, 66: minus severe quam decuit, Cic. Phil. 6, 1: velata parte oris, quia sic decebat, it was becoming, Tac. A. 13, 45: nihil aliter ac deceat, id. Att. 6, 3, 8: perge; decet, Verg. A. 12, 153 et saep.
        3. (γ) With dat.: ita nobis decet, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 5; id. Heaut. 5, 2, 12: locum editiorem quam victoribus decebat, Sall. H. 1, 98 (Serv. Verg. A. 8, 127.)
          Hence, dĕcens, entis, P. a. (freq. in Hor., Ov., and post-Aug. prose, esp. Quint.; not in Verg.; in Cic. once adverbially, and cf. decentia), seemly, becoming, decent, proper, fit: amictus, Ov. Pont. 2, 5, 52; cf.: decentior amictus, Quint. 11, 3, 156; and sinus (togae) decentissimus, id. 11, 3, 140: ornatus, id. 2, 15, 21: motus, Hor. Od. 4, 13, 17; Quint. 1, 10, 26; cf.: corporis decens et accommodatus orationi motus, id. 11, 3, 29; and allevatio atque contractio humerorum, id. 11, 3, 83: decentissimum sponsalium genus, Sen. Ben. 1, 9 et saep.: quid verum atque decens, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 11: decentius erit servare pudorem, Quint. 11, 1, 78; cf. 8, 6, 6.
    1. 2. Esp. of corporeal fitness and symmetry, regularly, symmetrically, handsomely shaped; well-formed; noble: forma, Ov. Am. 3, 1, 9; cf.: habitus decentior quam sublimior, Tac. Agr. 44: facies, Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 33: malae, Hor. Od. 3, 27, 53: Venus, id. ib. 1, 18, 6; cf.: Cynthia, Prop. 4, 8, 52 (5, 8, 52 M.): Gratiae, Hor. Od. 1, 4, 6: (Paullus) et nobilis et decens, id. ib. 4, 1, 13: pulcher et decens toto corpore, Suct. Dom. 18; cf. Juv. 6, 161: sumptis decentior armis Minerva, Ov. H. 5, 35; Quint. 8, 3, 10 et saep.
      Adv.: decenter (acc. to no. 1), becomingly, decently, properly, fitly: fictis nominibus decenter uti, Plin. Ep. 6, 21, 5; cf.: fieri, Quint. 11, 1, 79: singula quaeque locum teneant sortita decenter, Hor. A. P. 92; cf.: maesta, Ov. Am. 2, 5, 44.
      Comp.: Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 216; Quint. 9, 1, 21 al.
      Sup., a false reading for diligentissime, Cic. Caes. 26, 74.

Dĕcetia, ae, f., a town of the Aedui in Gallia Celtica, now Decize, on the Loire, in the Départ. de la Nièvre, Caes. B. G. 7, 33, 2.

dēcharmĭdo, āre, 1, v. a. [de-Charmides], to un-Charmidize, i. e. to destroy one’s identity as Charmides, also (with allusion to etym. of Charmides, "Son of joy," from χάρμα) to end his happiness: rursum te decharmida, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 135.

1. Dĕcĭānus, a, um, v. Decius, no. II.

2. Dĕcĭānus, i, m., a Roman surname, Cic. Rab. perd. 9, 24; id. Fl. 32, 77; Tac. A. 14, 32.

Deciātes, um or ium, m., a people of Liguria, Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Flor. 2, 3 fin.: oppidum Deciatum, Mela, 2, 5, 3.

Dē̆cĭdĭus, ii, m., a Roman proper name, esp. L. Decidius Saxa, a military officer who served under Caesar, Caes. B. C. 1, 66; Cic. Phil. 8, 3, 9 al.

1. dē-cĭdo, cĭdi, 3, v. n. [cado], to fall off, fall down (class.).

    1. 1. Lit.
  1. A. In gen.: decido de lecto praeceps, Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 48; so, anguis decidit de tegulis, Ter. Ph. 4, 4, 26: poma ex arboribus decidunt, Cic. de Sen. 19 fin.; cf.: e flore guttae, Ov. M. 9, 345: equo, Caes. B. G. 1, 48, 6; for which ex equo (in terram), Nep. Eum. 4; and ab equo (in arva), Ov. Ib. 259: summo toro, id. F. 2, 350: arbore glandes, id. M. 1, 106: caelo, Plin. 37, 10, 59, § 164; so, caelo, id. 2, 52, 53, § 138: in terras imber, Lucr. 6, 497; so, imber, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 29: celsae turres graviore casu, id. Od. 2, 10, 11: comae, id. ib. 4, 10, 3 et saep.: montium decidentium moles, Plin. Ep. 8, 17, 3: (volucris) decidit in terram, Ov. M. 12, 569; so in terras sidus, id. ib. 14, 847: in puteum foveamve auceps, Hor. A. P. 458: in lacum fulmen, Suet. Galb. 8: in dolia serpens, Juv. 6, 432: in casses praeda, Ov. A. A. 2, 2: in laqueos suos auceps, id. Rem. Am. 502: in turbam praedonum hic fugiens, Hor. S. 1, 2, 42: in praeceps, Ov. M. 12, 339: ad pedes tunica, Suet. Aug. 94.
  2. B. Pregn. (like cado and concido), to fall down dead, to sink down, to die (in class. Lat. only poet.): morbo decidunt, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 143: nos ubi decidimus, Quo pater Aeneas, Hor. Od. 4, 7, 14: scriptor abhinc annos centum qui decidit, id. Ep. 2, 1, 36: decidit exanimis vitamque reliquit in astris, Verg. A. 5, 517; cf. Stat. Th. 8, 125; and id. ib. 9, 755: (nupta) Decidit; in talum serpentis dente recepto, Ov. M. 10, 10.
  • II. Trop., to fall, drop, fall away, fail, sink: quanta de spe decidi! Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 9; for which quanta spe decidi! id. ib. 4, 8, 11; Suet. Oth. 5; and a spe societatis Prusiae, Liv. 37, 26: ex astris, Cic. Att. 2, 21, 4 (cf.: astrum, no. II. B. fin.): ego ab archetypo labor et decido, Plin. Ep. 5, 10, 1: eo decidit ut exsul de senatore fieret, has fallen so low, id. ib. 4, 11, 1: oculis captus in hanc fraudem decidisti (cf. καταπίπτειν), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 101: ad eas rei familiaris angustias decidit, ut, etc., Suet. Claud. 9 fin.; cf.: huc decidisse cuncta, ut, etc., Tac. A. 3, 59: ficta omnia celeriter tamquam flosculi decidunt, perish, Cic. Off. 2, 12 fin.: non virtute hostium sed amicorum perfidia decidi, am fallen, defeated, Nep. Eum. 11 fin.: an toto pectore deciderim, wholly banished from her affections, Tib. 3, 1, 20 (cf. ἐκ θυμοῦ πεσέειν, Hom. Il. 23, 595): qui huc deciderunt, into this illness, Cels. 3, 21 fin.: in hydropa, id. ib. med.: in maximis necessitatibus, ad quas libidine deciderat, Schol. Juv. 5, 3.

    • 2. dē-cīdo, cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [caedo], to cut off.

    1. I. Lit. (rare in ante-Aug. per.; more freq. abscīdo; not in Caes.): taleas oleaginas tripedaneas, Cato R. R. 45: collum, Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 37: aures, Tac. A. 12, 14: virgam arbori, id. G. 10: caput, Curt. 7, 2; prov.: pennas, to clip the wings, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 50: malleolum, Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 162: filicem nascentem falce, Col. 2, 2, 13; Sil. 4, 389 et saep.
      1. B. Transf., to cudgel, beat soundly: aliquem verberibus decidere, Dig. 47, 21, 2.
    2. II. Trop., to decide a disputed, or, indeed, any matter (qs. to cut the knot; cf.: dirimo and secare lites, res, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 42; id. Sat. 1, 10, 15); to determine, settle, terminate, put an end to (class., most freq. in judic. lang.; cf.: transigo, paciscor).
            1. (α) With acc.: damnum, XII. Tab. 12, 4; Gai. Inst. 4, 37; 4, 45: quibus rebus actis atque decisis, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45 fin.; cf.: decisa negotia, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 59: res transactione decisa, Dig. 5, 2, 29; and jam decisa quaestio, ib. 18, 3, 4: decidis statuisque tu, quid iis ad denarium solveretur, Cic. Quint. 4, 17; id. Rosc. Com. 11, 32; Dig. 47, 2, 63; cf. ib. 9, 4, 22, § 4: hoc loco praeter nomen cetera propriis decisa sunt verbis, i. e. decidedly, clearly expressed, Quint. 8, 6, 47: ego pol istam jam aliquovorsum tragulam decidero, I will now dispose of this dart one way or another, i. e. I will now put an end to this attack, these tricks, Plaut. Casin. 2, 4, 18.
            2. (β) With praepp.: cum aliquo, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 79; 2, 1, 48, § 125; id. Rosc. Am. 39, 114; Plin. 7, 40, 41, § 130: non erit uncia tota, decidat tecum qua pater ipse deum, for which Jupiter may compound with you, Mart. 9, 4, 6; cf.: cum patrono pecuniā, Dig. 12, 6, 26, § 12: de rebus, Cic. Quint. 5, 19; id. Rosc. Com. 12, 35 sq.; id. Att. 1, 8; Just. 31, 7: decidere jactu coepit cum ventis, to compound with the winds by throwing overboard (the cargo), Juv. 12, 33.
            3. (γ) Absol.: in jugera singula ternis medimnis, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 48; id. Rosc. Com. 36; Aur. Vict. de Vir. Ill. 56, 4.
      1. B. To cut down, reduce, diminish: ad tertiam partem vectigal, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38.

    dēcĭdŭus, a, um, adj. [1. decĭdo], falling down or off, deciduous (chiefly in Pliny: folia, Laber. ap. Non. 100, 10; Plin. 18, 25, 60, § 226; 16, 24, 38, § 92 (where Freund assumes decīdua, cut off, cf. Cato R. R. 5, 7, but without necessity): (ignes) decidui ad terras fulminum nomen habent, Plin. 2, 20, 18, § 82: sidera, falling, shooting stars, id. 2, 8, 6, § 28: cornua cervis, id. 11, 37, 45, § 127: testes pecori ad crura decidui, subus annexi, id. 11, 49, 110, § 263: dentes, id. 8, 3, 4, § 7.

    dĕcĭēs or dĕcĭens, num. adv. [decem], ten times.

    1. I. Prop.: columbae decies anno pariunt, quaedam et undecies, Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 147: decies seni, Ov. F. 3, 163: HS. decies centena milia, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 10 Zumpt. More commonly absol. decies: HS. decies et octingenta milia, i. e. 1,800,000 sesterces, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39: supra trecenta milia usque ad decies aeris, Liv. 24, 11: ad summam sestertii decies in aerarium retulit, id. 45, 4; Hor. S. 2, 3, 237; Dig. 35, 1, 77, § 3 et saep.
    2. II. Meton., an indefinite large number or sum, Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 27; id. Stich. 3, 2, 45; Hor. A. P. 294; 365; Pers. 6, 79; Juv. 13, 136 et saep.: decies centena dedisses Huic parco, etc., Hor. S. 1, 3, 15; cf. Juv. 10, 335; Catul. 23, 20.

    dĕcĭma, ae, f., v. decimus, no. I. B. and II. B.

    dĕcĭmānus or dĕcŭmānus (v. decimus), a, um, adj. [decimus], of or belonging to the tenth part.

    1. I. Prop.
      1. A. Of tithes, as a tax: ager, that pays tithes, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 6; cf.: frumentum, i. e. a tithe of the produce, id. ib. 2, 3, 5 fin. and 81: oleum, Lucil. ap. Non. 445, 19.
        1. 2. Subst.: dĕcŭmānus, i, m., a farmer of tithes, tithe-gatherer, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 13; 71; 2, 3, 8 et saep.: (perh. sarcastically) dĕcŭmāna, ae, f., the wife of a tithefarmer, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33; for which decumana mulier, id. ib. 34.
      2. B. Of the tenth cohort: miles, Auct. B. Afr. 16, 2; and oftener absol. dĕcŭmāni, ōrum, m., id. ib. § 1; Auct. B. Hisp. 30 fin.; Tac. H. 5, 20; Suet. Caes. 70.
        Esp.: porta decumana, the main entrance of a Roman camp, placed the farthest from the enemy (because the tenth cohort of each legion was there encamped), opposite the porta praetoria, Caes. B. G. 2, 24; 3, 25 fin.; 6, 37; id. B. C. 3, 69; Liv. 3, 5; 10, 32 fin. al.; cf. Veg. Mil. 1, 23; Smith’s Ant. p. 222, a.
      3. C. Decumanus limes, in agriculture, a boundary line drawn from east to west, opp. cardo (v. h. v.), Col. 12, 43, 2; Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 169; 18, 34, 77, § 337; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 71, 14; v. Wordswörth, Fragm. p. 446.
    2. II. Meton., considerable, large, immense (cf.: decimus, decem, decies, etc.): accipensere, Lucil. ap. Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24: DECUMANA ova’ dicuntur et DECUMANI fluctus, quia sunt magna, Paul. ex Fest. p. 71, 5; cf. ib. 4, 7 Müll.

    dĕcĭmārĭus, a, um,

    1. I. adj., pertaining to tithes: leges, Cod. 8, 58.
    2. II. Paying tithes, subject to tithes, Ambros. in Psa. 128, Serm. 8, 4 al.

    dĕcĭmātĭo, ōnis, f. [decimo], the taking of a tenth.

    1. I. A tithing: omnis, Vulg. Tobiae, 1, 7.
    2. II. A selecting by lot of every tenth man for punishment, decimation, Capitol. Macr. 12.
    3. III. A tenth: adhuc in ea decimatio, Vulg. Isa. 6, 13.

    ‡ dĕcĭmātrus, a holiday of the Falisci, ten days after the Ides, Fest. p. 257, 6 Müll.

    dĕcĭmo or dĕcŭmo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [decimus].

    1. I. To select by lot every tenth man for punishment, to decimate (postAug., although the practice itself occurs as early as 283 A. U. C.; v. Liv. 2, 59 fin.), Suet. Galb. 12: cohortes, id. Aug. 24: cohortium militem, Frontin. Strat. 4, 1, 37 al.
      Absol., Suet. Calig. 48.
    2. II. To cause to pay tithes, to collect tithes from a person.
      Pass.: et Levi decimatus est, Vulg. Hebr. 7, 9.
    3. III. To select the tenth part as an offering, to pay tithes of anything, Fest. p. 237, 25 Müll.; Vulg. Matth. 23, 23.
      Hence, dĕcŭmātus, a, um, P. a., selected, excellent, choice: honestas, Symm. Ep. 3, 49 and 51.
      Sup.: juvenis, id. ib. 8, 16.

    dĕcĭmŏdĭa, v. decemmodius.

    1. dĕcĭmus or dĕcŭmus (the latter form prevailed in the later law lang.; hence, decumanus), a, um, adj. [decem with superl. ending], the tenth.

    1. I. Prop.: mensis, Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 19; cf. Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 29: legio, Caes. B. G. 1, 40; cf. ib. 41; 42 al.: decima hora, Cic. Phil. 2, 31; and without hora, Auct. Her. 4, 51: annus, Verg. A. 9, 155: septuma (dies) post decumam, i. e. the seventeenth, id. G. 1, 284 Voss.: cum decumo efficit ager, i. e. tenfold, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 47, § 112; so, extulisset, ib. § 113.
          1. * b. dĕcĭmum, adv. (like tertium, quartum, etc.; cf. Gell. 10, 1), for the tenth time, Liv. 6, 40.
      1. B. Subst.: dĕcĭma (dĕcŭma), ae, f. (sc. pars), the tenth part, tithe.
        1. 1. As an offering: testatur Terentius Varro … majores solitos decimam Herculi vovere, Macr. S. 3, 12; so Varr. L. L. 6, § 54 Müll.; Just. 18, 7, 7; cf. with pars; Naev. ap. Prisc. p. 874 P.; Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 80: tibi (sc. Pythico Apollini) hinc decumam partem praedae voveo, Liv. 5, 21; cf.: cum vovissent Apollini decumas praedae, Just. 20, 3, 3; cf. id. 18, 7, 7; Vulg. Gen. 14, 20; so esp. of the tithes given by the Hebrews to support the priesthood, id. Num. 18, 21 et saep.
        2. 2. A largess openly bestowed by public men on the people: Oresti nuper prandia in semitis decumae nomine magno honori fuerunt, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58; so Suet. Calig. 26; id. Galb. 15; Tac. H. 1, 20.
        3. 3. A tithe, as a tax on landholders in the provinces, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 10, § 25; more freq. in plur., id. ib. 2, 3, 39, § 89 sq.
        4. 4. A tithe, as conveyed by last will: decimas uxoribus dari, Trach. ap. Quint. 8, 5, 19.
    2. II. Meton. (like decem, decies, etc.), considerable, large, immense (poet.): vastius insurgens decimae ruit impetus undae, Ov. M. 11, 530 (cf.: decimanus, no. II., and in Gr. τρικυμία); so of billows, Sil. 14, 122; Luc. 5, 672; Val. Fl. 2, 54 (decimus by circumlocut.: qui venit hic fluctus, fluctus supereminet omnes; posterior nono est undecimoque prior, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 50).

    2. Dĕcĭmus, i, m., Dĕcĭma, ae, f., proper names.

    1. I. Decimus, a Roman praenomen, abbrev. D. In the gens Claudia it was given only to patricians; but among the Junii and Laelii to plebeians also; cf. Varr. L. L. 9, § 61 Müll.
      Hence, Dĕcĭmiānus, a, um, adj., named for Decimus: pirus, Plin. 15, 15, 16, § 54.
    2. II. Decima, the goddess that presides over accouchements, a partus tempestivi tempore, Varr. and Caesel. ap. Gell. 3, 16, 10 sq.; cf. also Tert. Anim. 37; id. adv. Val. 32.

    dēcĭnĕrātus, a, um, adj. [de-cinis], wholly turned to ashes (late Lat.), Tert. adv. Valent. 32.

    dē-cĭnĕresco, ĕre, v. n., to be wholly reduced to ashes (late Lat.): ut nullo igni decinerescat, Tert. Apol. 48 fin.

    dē-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. [capio], primarily signifies to catch away, catch up, seize an animal while running, fleeing, etc. (whence decipula, a snare, trap); but occurs only in the trop. sense (acc. to capio, no. II. B.), to catch, ensnare, entrap, beguile, elude, deceive, cheat (for syn. cf.: fraudo, emungo, circumscribo, circumvenio, frustror, verba do, impono, fallo): fiunt transennae ubi decipiuntur dolis, etc., Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 9 sq.: ita decipiemus fovea lenonem Lycum, id. Poen. 1, 1, 59; id. Amph. 1, 1, 268 et saep.: eo deceptum, quod neque, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 14: T. Roscius novem homines honestissimos … induxit, decepit, omni fraude et perfidia fefellit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 117; cf.: illa amphibolia, quae Croesum decepit, vel Chrysippum potuisset fallere, id. Div. 2, 56 fin.; Verg. A. 4, 17 al.: homines imperitos et per colloquium deceptos crudelissime interfecisse, Caes. B. C. 1, 85, 3; so per aliquid, id. ib. 3, 82 fin.; Liv. 1, 9 al.: in nullo verbo eum memoria decepit, Sen. Contr. 1. Praef. 18: jam semel in prima spe deceptos, Liv. 36, 40; for which spe affinitatis deceptum, Suet. Tib. 65; cf.: deceptus nocte, Quint. 4, 2, 71: cupidine falso, Hor. S. 1, 1, 61: specie recti, id. A. P. 25 et saep.: amatorem amicae decipiunt vitia, id. S. 1, 3, 38.
    Poet., in Gr. construction: Prometheus dulci laborum decipitur sono, is beguiled of his sufferings (i. e. forgets his sufferings, being beguiled with sweet melody), Hor. Od. 2, 13, 38.

        1. b. Of inanimate objects: exspectationibus decipiendis, Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 289; cf.: quo opinio decipitur, Quint. 6, 3, 64: oculos, Ov. R. Am. 346; cf. id. M. 3, 431: nervos, Pers. 4, 45: volatile pecus facile custodiam pastoris decipit, Col. 8, 4, 3: judicium error, Ov. Pont. 3, 9, 11: specimen istud virtutis, Liv. 8, 7: sic tamen absumo decipioque diem, Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 114; cf. id. H. 19, 55 Loers.; Stat. Silv. 4, 4, 19; Plin. 16, 43, 84, § 233: quomodo vinum potantem decipit, Vulg. Hab. 2, 5.
      1. 2. Absol.: victima deceptus decipientis ero, Ov. Am. 3, 3, 22: ab tergo et super caput decepere insidiae, Liv. 22, 4; Plin. 18, 24, 56, § 204.

    dēcĭpŭla, ae, f., and dēcĭpŭlum, i, n. [decipio], a snare, gin, trap.

    1. I. Lit. (late Lat.): plena avibus, Vulg. Jerem. 5, 27; Job 18, 10.
    2. II. Trop. (ante- and post-class.).
            1. (α) Fem., Sid. Ep. 8, 10 med.; Mart. Cap. 4, § 423; Vulg. Job 18, 10.
            2. (β) Neutr., App. M. 8, p. 202, 38; 10, p. 250, 28; so id. Flor. 4, p. 360.
              Plur.: nulla decipula, Laev. ap. Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 1, 3.

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