Lewis & Short

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suc-cumbo (subc-), cŭbŭi, cŭbĭtum, 3, v. n., to lay or put one’s self under any thing; to fall down, lie, or sink down.

  1. I. Lit. (rare; not in Cic.; cf. subsido).
    1. A. In gen.: ancipiti succumbens victima ferro, Cat. 64, 370: vidit Cyllenius omnes Succubuisse oculos, had sunk in sleep, i. e. had closed, Ov. M. 1, 714: (Augustus) Nolae succubuit, took to his bed, Suet. Aug. 98 fin.: non succumbentibus causis operis, Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 106; Arn. 6, 16 Hildebr.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. 1. Of a woman, to lie down to a man, to cohabit with him (cf. substerno): alicui, Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 9; Cat. 111, 3; Ov. F. 2, 810; Petr. 126; Inscr. Grut. 502, 1; Mart. 13, 64, 1; 14, 201.
      2. 2. With dat., of a woman, to be a rival to: alumnae Tethyos, Hyg. Fab. 177; id. Astr. 2, 1.
  2. II. Trop., to yield, be overcome; to submit, surrender, succumb (the predom. and class. signif.; cf.: cedo, me summitto).
          1. (α) With dat. (so most freq.): philosopho succubuit orator, Cic. de Or. 3, 32, 129: qui Cannensi ruinae non succubuissent, Liv. 23, 25: arrogantiae divitum, Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48: cur succumbis cedisque fortunae? id. Tusc. 3, 17, 36; id. Sull. 25, 71; cf.: nulli neque homini neque perturbationi animi nec fortunae, id. Off. 1, 20, 66: magno animo et erecto est, nec umquam succumbet inimicis, ne fortunae quidem, id. Deiot. 13, 36: mihi, Nep. Eum. 11, 5: labori, Caes. B. G, 7, 86: oneri, Liv. 6, 32: doloribus, Cic. Fin. 1, 15, 49: senectuti, id. Sen. 11, 37: crimini, id. Planc. 33, 82: magis, Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 103; Sil. 14, 609: culpae, Verg. A. 4, 19; Ov. M. 7, 749: tempori, to yield, Liv. 3, 59, 5: pugnae, id. 22, 54: precibus, Ov. H. 3, 91: voluntati alicujus, App. M. 9, p. 228, 9.
          2. (β) Absol.: non esse viri debilitari dolore, frangi, succumbere, Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 95: huic (socero) subvenire volt succumbenti jam et oppresso, id. Agr. 2, 26, 69: succubuit famae victa puella metu, Ov. F. 2, 810: hac ille perculsus plagā non succubuit, Nep. Eum. 5, 1: succumbe, virtus, Sen. Herc. Fur. 1315: labefacta mens succubuit, id. Troad. 950; App. M. 5, p. 161, 33.
          3. * (γ) With inf.: nec ipsam perpeti succubuisset, Arn. 1, 38.