Lewis & Short

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pāla, ae, f. [contr. from pagela, from pago, pango: pala a pangendo, Varr. L. L. 5, § 134 Müll.], a spade.

  1. I. Lit.: palas vendundas sibi ait … ut hortum fodiat, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 58: sarcula VIII., palas IV., Cato, R. R. 10, 3: palae innixus, Liv. 3, 26: juncosus ager verti pala debet, Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 46: palis laxatus, id. 17, 17, 27, § 123; Col. 10, 45.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. A peel for putting bread into the oven, Cato, R. R. 11 fin.
    2. B. A winnowing-shovel, Tert. Praescr. 3; so Juvenc. 1, 371.
    3. C. The bezel of a ring = funda: palam anuli ad palmam convertere, Cic. Off. 3, 9, 38.
    4. D. The shoulder-blade, Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 35; id. Tard. 3, 2.
    5. E. An Indian tree, the plantain-tree: Musa Paradisiaca, Linn.; Plin. 12, 6, 12, § 24.

pălam, adv. and prep. [locative form; cf.: clam, perperam, etc.; root pal-, pla-; as in πλατύς, planus; cf. pellis; hence, on the surface, on the open plain, and so], openly, publicly, undisguisedly, plainly (cf.: publice, vulgo, aperte; opp.: clam, occulte, secreto, etc.; class.).

  1. I. Lit.: haec quae in foro palam Syracusis … gesta sunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 33, § 81: auferre argentum palam atque aperte, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 68; so, non ex insidiis, sed aperte ac palam elaboratur, Cic. Or. 12, 38; and: palam agere coepit et aperte dicere occidendum Milonem, id. Mil. 9, 25; cf. also id. Verr. 1, 7, 18: PALAM LVCI, Tab. Bant. vers. 15; so ib. vers. 22; cf.: arma in templum Castoris luce palam comportarentur, Cic. Pis. 10, 23: ut luce palam in foro saltet, id. Off. 3, 24, 93: gaudia clamque palamque, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 247 Vahl.); Cic. Cael. 9, 20: non per praestigias, sed palam, id. Verr. 2, 4, 24, § 53: non occulte sed palam, id. ib. 2, 4, 22, § 49: palam … obscurius, id. Ac. 2, 5, 13: bestiae furtim fruuntur (frumento), domini palam et libere, id. N. D. 2, 63, 157: palam ante oculos omnium, id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 65; Verg. A. 9, 153: nec palam nec secreto, Liv. 44, 34; cf. Tac. A. 2, 72: palam … intus, id. ib. 4, 1: quod palam abnuerat inter secreta convivii largitur, id. H. 2, 57, in late Lat.: in palam, Vulg. Sap. 14, 17; id. Luc. 8, 17.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Palam est or factum est, it is public, well known: palam est res, Plaut. Aul. 4, 9, 18: haec commemoro quae sunt palam, Cic. Pis. 5, 11: palam ante oculos omnium esse, id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 65: palam factum est, id. Att. 13, 21, 3: hāc re palam factā, Nep. Han. 7, 7; cf.: palam facere suis, quo loco Eumenes esset, id. ib. 11, 1: hujus de morte ut palam factum est, id. Dion. 10, 2; cf.: cum exspirasset Tarquinius, celatā morte, suas opes firmavit: tum demum palam factum est, etc., Liv. 1, 41 fin.: et nondum palam facto vivi mortuique, id. 22, 55, 3: cui palam facti parricidii obnoxius erat, id. 40, 56, 3; so (euphemist.), ut de Claudio palam factum est, when the death of Claudius was announced: cogitur Cato incumbens gladio simul de se ac de republicā palam facere, Sen. Tranq. 16, 1: idem nobis prophetae palam faciunt, Lact. 7, 7, 13.
      With subject-clause: pisces audire palam est, it is well known, Plin. 10, 70, 89, § 193: dicere, to say openly, Suet. Caes. 27: palam ferente Hannibale ab se Minucium, se ab Fabio victum, making no secret of it, Liv. 22, 29, 6.
    2. B. Prep., with abl., analogous to clam and coram, before, in the presence of one (not ante-Aug., and mostly poet.): te palam, Hor. Epod. 11, 19: meque palam de me tuto male saepe loquuntur, Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 39: meque palam, id. A. A. 2, 549: Marte palam, id. ib. 2, 569; Albin. 1, 444: rem creditori palam populo solvit, Liv. 6, 14, 5: palam omnibus, id. 25, 18: palam senatu, Aur. Vict. Caes. 5.

† pălē, ēs, f., = πάλη, a wrestling (in post-Aug. poets): unctā pale, Stat. Th. 6, 829: liquidam nodare (al. nudare) palen, id. Ach. 2, 441: jocos, palem, rudentem, Sid. Carm. 23, 302.