Lewis & Short

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arcto, v. arto init.

† Arctŏphylax, ăcis, m., = Ἀρκτοφύλαξ, the Bear-keeper, a constellation, usu. called Bootes, Cic. Arat. Phaen. 394 B. and K.; id. N. D. 2, 42, 109 (as transl. from Arat. 92); so Luc. 8, 180.

arctŏphyllum, v. caerefolium.

† arctŏs (nom. arctos, Verg. G. 1, 246; acc. arcton, Ov. M. 2, 132; 13, 293; id. F. 2, 192; Verg. G. 1, 138: arctum, Cic. N. D. 2, 42, 109 (in verse); nom. plur. arctoe (as in Ter. Adelphoe for Adelphi), Cic. N. D. 2, 41, 105, and Arat. Phaen. 441 B. and K.; C. German. Arat. 25 and 63), i, f. (cf. Rudd. I. p. 27; Neue, Formenl. I. pp. 650 sq.; 129; 131), = ἄρκτος.

  1. I. Lit., the Great and the Lesser Bear (Ursa Major et Minor; syn.: ursa, plaustrum, Septentrio), a double constellation (hence, geminae, Ov. M. 3, 45; Prop. 3, 15, 25) in the vicinity of the north pole; cf. Hyg. Astr. 2, 1 sq. Among the poets, on account of its place in the north, gelidae arcti, Ov. M. 4, 625; Verg. A. 6, 16; cf. Hor. C. 1, 26, 3; and since it never sets to our hemisphere, immunis aequoris, Ov. M. 13, 293: aequoris expers, id. ib. 13, 727: metuens aequore tingui, Verg. G. 1, 246 (an imitation of the Homeric: ἄμμορος λοετρῶν Ὠκεανοῖο, Il. 18, 489; Od. 5, 275; cf. also Arat. Phaen. 48: Ἄρκτοι κυανέου πεφυλαγμέναι Ὠκεανοῖο).
  2. II. Metaph.
    1. A. The north pole, Ov. M. 2, 132.
    2. B. The night (cf. luna), Prop. 3, 15, 25.
    3. C. The people dwelling in the north, Luc. 3, 74: post domitas Arctos, Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 246; id. VI. Cons. Hon. 336.
    4. D. The north wind, Hor. C. 2, 15, 16.

† arctōus, a, um, adj., = ἀρκτῷος, prop., pertaining to arctos (q. v.); hence, poet., northern (syn.: arcticus, aquilonius, Borealis), Mart. 5, 68; 10, 6, 2; Luc. 1, 53; 10, 250; Sen. Oedip. 604; id. Herc. Oet. 1566.

arto (not arcto), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [1. artus], to draw or press close together, to compress, contract (not found in Cic.).

  1. I.
    1. A. Lit.: omnia conciliatu artari possunt, * Lucr. 1, 576: libros, Mart. 1, 3, 3; Col. 12, 44, 2: vitis contineri debet vimine, non artari, Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 209: angustias eas artantibus insulis parvis, quae etc., id. 3, 6, 13, § 83.
    2. B. Trop., to contract, straiten, limit, curtail: fortuna humana fingit artatque ut lubet, i. e. in angustias redigit, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 54 Lind.; Liv. 45, 56: tempus, to limit, circumscribe, Dig. 42, 1, 2; 38, 9, 1: se, to limit one’s self, to retrench, ib. 1, 11, 2 al.
  2. II. In gen., to finish, conclude, Petr. 85, 4.
    Hence, artātus, a, um, P. a., contracted into a small compass; hence, narrow, close; and of time, short: pontus, Luc. 5, 234: tempus, Vell. 1, 16.