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* dī-rādo, rāsi, 3, v. a., to scratch slightly: tergum piscis, Cassiod. Varr. 11, 40.

Dīrae, ārum, f., the Furies, v. dirus, I. B. 2.

Dirca, ae, v. Dirce init.

Dircē, ēs (acc. Dircam, Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 65), f., = Δίρκη.

  1. I. A fountain N. W. of Thebes, in Boeotia, Plin. 4, 7, 12, § 25; Ov. M. 2, 239; Stat. Th. 1, 38.
    1. B. Meton., poet., the region lying around this fountain, Stat. Th. 2, 322.
      Hence, Dircæus, a, um, adj., Dircean; hence (pars pro toto), Boeotian: Thebae, Prop. 3, 17, 33 (4, 16, 33 M.); cf. ager, Stat. Ach. 1, 12: arva, Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 320: Amphion, Verg. E. 2, 24: cygnus, i. e. Pindar, Hor. C. 4, 2, 25: heros, i. e. Polynices, Stat. Th. 2, 142 et saep.
  2. II. The wife of the Theban prince Lycus, who, on account of her cruelty to Antiope, was tied to a bull by Amphion and Zetheus, and dragged about till dead, and was afterwards thrown (changed, acc. to the fable) into the above-named fountain, Prop. 3, 15, 13 (4, 14, 11 M.); Hyg. Fab. 7 and 8; Plaut. l. l.

Dircenna, ae, f., a fountain in Spain, near Bilbilis, Mart. 1, 50, 17.

dircĭon, ii, n., a plant also known as Apollinaris herba, a kind of solanum, Ap. Herb. 23.

dīrectā (sc. viā), perpendicularly, see dirigo, P. a. fin. c.

dīrectārĭus, ii, m. [dirigo], one who secretly enters a house in order to steal, a sneak-thief, burglar (very rare), Dig. 47, 11, 7; Paul. Sent. 5, 4.

dīrectē, adv., directly, straight, etc., v. dirigo, P. a. fin. a.

* dīrectĭangŭlus, a, um, adj. [directus-angulus], right-angled, rectangular, Mart. Cap. 6, § 712.

* dīrectĭlīnĕus, a, um, adj. [directus-linea], rectilinear, Mart. Cap. 6, § 711.

dīrectim, adv., directly, straightway, etc., v. dirigo, P. a. fin. d.

dīrectĭo, ōnis, f. [dirigo] (a very rare word).

  1. I. A making straight or even, a levelling: plana coagmentorum, Vitr. 7, 3, 5 sq.
    1. B. Concr., a straight line, App. de Mundo, p. 57.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. A directing, aiming, towards any thing: quaedam rationis ad veritatem, Quint. 3, 6, 30.
    2. B. Righteousness, uprightness, Vulg. Psa. 44, 6; 118, 7.

dīrectĭtūde, ĭnis, f. [directus], rightness, correctness: aeterna, Cassiod. in Psa. 101, 30.

dīrecto, adv., directly, in a straight line, v. dirigo, P. a. fin. b.

* dīrectōrĭus, a, um, adj. [dirigo], that directs or sends in any direction, directory: litterae, Cod. Theod. 14, 15, 3, § 1.

* dīrectūra, ae, f. [dirigo], a making straight, even, a levelling, Vitr. 7, 3, 5.

dīrectus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from dirigo.

* dĭremptĭo, ōnis, f. [dirimo], a separation: aequitatis, Val. Max. 4, 7, 1.

1. dĭremptus, a, um, Part., from dirimo.

* 2. dĭremptus, ūs, m. [dirimo], a separation, Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71.

dīreptĭo, ōnis, f. [diripio], a plundering, pillaging (rare, but good prose): urbs relicta direptioni et incendiis, Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 2; cf. urbis, id. Verr. 2, 4, 52; * Caes. B. C. 2, 12: oppidi (with expugnatio), Suet. Claud. 21: profanorum sacrorumque, Quint. 8, 3, 69: sociorum (with vexatio), Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 18.
In plur., Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 2; Liv. 44, 1 fin.

  1. B. The stealing, rape: aurei velleris, Amm. 22, 8, 15.

dīreptor, ōris, m. [diripio], a plunderer (very rare; cf.: fur, praedo, raptor), Cic. Phil. 3, 11, 27; id. Cat. 2, 9 fin.; Tac. H. 3, 33.

1. dīreptus, a, um, Part., from diripio.

* 2. dīreptus, ūs, m. [diripio], a plundering, Spart. Sever. 19.

dĭrĭbĕo, no

  1. I. perf., ĭtum, 2, v. a. [dishabeo, like dirimo, from dis-emo, to keep apart, hence], pub. law t. t., to lay apart, separate, divide, sort, the tablets or ballots taken out of the ballot-box, in order to determine who has the majority: dum de te quinque et septuaginta tabellae diribeantur, Cic. Pis. 40, 96 Halm: tabellas, id. Q. Fr. 3, 4, 1; id. Planc. 20, 49 Kayser, cf. Wund. ad loc.: suffragia, Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 1: sententias, Val. Max. 9, 12, 7; also absol., Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 18 (al. dirimere).
  2. * II. Transf., to distribute: qui gentes, regna diribet, Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 118.

dĭrĭbĭtĭo, ōnis, f. [diribeo], a separating or sorting of the tablets taken from the ballot-box, Cic. Planc. 6, 14; Symm. Laud. in Patr. 3, p. 40 ed. Mai.

dĭrĭbĭtor, ōris, m. [diribeo],

  1. I. the separater or sorter of the ballots used in voting, Cic. Pis. 15, 36; id. post Red. in Sen. 11, 28; Aus. Grat. Act. 5.
  2. II. Transf., in gen., a distributor, App. M. 2, 32, p. 137 ed. Oud.; Amm. 18, 5, 6.

dĭrĭbĭtōrĭum, ii, n. (sc. aedificium; in Dio Cass. 55, 8: τὸ δειριβιτώριον) [id.], the building in which the ballots were sorted (v. diribeo), Suet. Claud. 18; Plin. 6, 40, 76, § 201; 36, 15, 24, § 102 Sillig. N. cr.

dī-rĭgo or dērĭgo (the latter form preferred by Roby, L. G. 2, p. 387; cf. Rib. Proleg. ad Verg. p. 401 sq.; so Liv. 21, 19, 1; 21, 47, 8; 22, 28 Weissenb.; id. 22, 47, 2 Drak.; Lach. ad Lucr. 4, 609; Tac. A. 6, 40 Ritter; acc. to Brambach, s. v., the two forms are different words, de-rigo meaning to give a particular direction to; di-rigo, to arrange in distinct lines, set or move different ways; cf. describo and discribo. But the distinction is not observed in the MSS. and edd. generally), rexi, rectum, 3 (perf. sync. direxti, Verg. A. 6, 57), v. a. [dis-rego], to lay straight, set in a straight line, to arrange, draw up (class.; cf.: guberno, collineo, teneo).

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen.: coronam si diviseris, arcus erit: si direxeris, virga, Sen. Q. N. 1, 10: haec directa materia injecta consternebantur, Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 8: crates, id. B. C. 3, 46, 5: naves ante portum, Liv. 37, 31; cf.: naves in pugnam, id. 22, 19: vicos, i. e. to build regularly, id. 5, 55; cf. castella, Flor. 4, 12, 26: molem recta fronte, Curt. 4, 3 et saep.: regiones lituo, i. e. to lay out, bound, Cic. Div. 1, 17; cf.: finem alicui veterem viam regiam, Liv. 39, 27.
      Esp. freq.: aciem, to draw up the troops in battle array, Caes. B. G. 6, 8, 5; Liv. 21, 47 fin.; 34, 28; Front. Strat. 1, 12, 3; 2, 1, 4 et saep.; cf. frontem, Quint. 2, 13, 3; 5, 13, 11: membrana plumbo derecta, ruled with a lead-pencil, Cat. 22, 7.
        1. * b. Perh. i. q., to split, cleave in twain: elephantum machaeră dirigit, Plaut. Curc. 3, 54 (dub.); cf.: dirigere apud Plautum invenitur pro discidere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69, 15 Müll.
    2. B. In partic., with respect to the terminus, to send in a straight line, to direct to a place (so most freq.): ex vestigio vela ad castra Corneliana, Caes. B. C. 2, 25, 6: aciem ad te, Cat. 63, 56: cursum ad litora, Caes. B. C. 3, 25, 4: iter ad Mutinam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 112 et saep.
      Afterwards more freq. with in: equum in consulem, Liv. 2, 6: currum in hostem, Ov. M. 12, 78: tela manusque in corpus Aeacidae, Verg. A. 6, 57; Front. Strat. 3, 3, 4: hastam in te, Ov. M. 8, 66; cf.: dentes in inguina, id. ib. 8, 400: cursum in Africam, Vell. 2, 19 fin.: cursum per auras in lucos, Verg. A. 6, 195 et saep.: navem eo, Nep. Chabr. 4, 2: gressum huc, Verg. A. 5, 162; 11, 855 et saep.; and poet. with the dat.: Ilo hastam, Verg. A. 10, 401 et saep.
      Without designating the limit: ab iisdem (Etesiis) maritimi cursus (i. e. navium) celeres et certi diriguntur, to be directed, steered, Cic. N. D. 2, 53: iter navis, Ov. F. 1, 4: cursum, Front. Strat. 3, 13, 6; esp. freq. of weapons, to aim, direct: spicula, Verg. A. 7, 497; Ov. M. 12, 606: hastile, Verg. A. 12, 490: tela, Hor. C. 4, 9, 18: sagittas, Suet. Dom. 19 et saep.
      Poet.: vulnera, Verg. A. 10, 140; Sil. 2, 92 Drak.; Tac. H. 2, 35; cf.: vulnera alicui, Sen. Herc. Oet. 160.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. In gen., to set in order, arrange (very rare): materias divisione dirigere, Quint. 2, 6, 1.
      Far more freq. (esp. in Cic. and Quint.),
    2. B. In partic.: aliquid ad or in aliquid; also: aliqua re, to direct, guide, arrange a thing either to something (as its aim, scope) or according to something (as its rule or pattern).
          1. (α) With ad: meas cogitationes sic dirigo, non ad illam parvulam Cynosuram sed, etc., Ac. 2, 20, 66; cf.: orationem ad exempla, id. Rep. 2, 31 fin.; Quint. 10, 2, 1: judicium ad ea, id. 6, 5, 2: se ad id quod, etc., id. 12, 3, 8; cf.: se ad ea effingenda, id. 10, 1, 127: praecipua rerum ad famam, Tac. A. 4, 40 et saep.
            In a different sense (viz., with ad equiv. to secundum, v. ad): in verbis et eligendis et collocandis nihil non ad rationem, Cic. Brut. 37, 140: vitam ad certam rationis normam, to conform, id. Mur. 2: leges hominum ad naturam, id. Leg. 2, 5 fin.; id. Or. 2 fin. et saep.
          2. (β) With in (not so in Cic.): tota mente (intentionem) in opus ipsum, Quint. 10, 3, 28: communes locos in vitia, id. 2, 1, 11; Front. Strat. 3, 2, 2 et saep.
          3. (γ) With abl. (only in Cic.): quos (fines) utilitate aut voluptate dirigunt, Cic. Fin. 5, 20 fin.: omnia voluptate, id. ib. 2, 22, 71: utilitatem honestate, id. Off. 3, 21, 83: haec normā, id. de Or. 3, 49, 190.
          4. (δ) Without an object: (divinatio) ad veritatem saepissime dirigit, Cic. Div. 1, 14 fin.
            (ε) With acc. only: epistolam (sc. ad aliquem), to write, Capit. Clod. Alb. 2.
            (ζ) With adversus, Quint. 5, 7, 6.
            Hence, dīrectus (dērectus), a, um, P. a., made straight, straight, direct, whether horizontally or perpendicularly; straight, level; upright, steep.
    1. A. Lit.: auditus flexuosum iter habet, ne quid intrare possit, si simplex et directum pateret, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144; cf. aes (tubae), opp. flexum, Ov. M. 1, 98: iter, Caes. B. C. 3, 79, 2: latera, id. B. G. 7, 72, 1; cf. trabes, id. ib. 7, 23, 1: ordo (olearum), Cic. Caecin. 8, 22: arcus (opp. obliquus), Ov. M. 2, 129: paries, i. e. that cuts another at right angles, Cic. Top. 4: ut directiores ictus flant, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 1, 2: praeruptus locus utraque ex parte directus, Caes. B. C. 1, 45, 4; cf. id. ib. 2, 24, 3: (Henna) ab omni aditu circumcisa atque directa, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48 Zumpt N. cr.: cornu, Caes. B. G. 6, 26.
      Subst.: dī-rectum, i, n., a straight line: in directo pedum VIII. esse, in anfracto XVI., in a straight line, Varr. L. L. 7, § 15 Müll.; so, altitudo (montis) per directum IV. M. pass., Plin. 5, 22, 18, § 80; cf. id. 3, 5, 9, § 66 al.: cadere in directum moderate (with exire per devexum), Sen. Q. N. 6, 20; Vulg. Ezech. 47, 20 al.
    2. B. Trop., straightforward, unceremonious, open, simple, direct: o praeclaram beate vivendi et apertam et simplicem et directam viam, Cic. Fin. 1, 18; cf.: iter ad laudem, id. Cael. 17, 41: vera illa et directa ratio, id. ib. 18: tristis ac directus senex, id. ib. 16, 38; cf.: quid est in judicio? Directum, asperum, simplex, SI PARET HS ICCC DARI, id. Rosc. Com. 4, 11: percunctatio et denuntiatio belli, Liv. 21, 19; cf. contiones, Just. 38, 3 fin. (v. obliquus): verba, Cod. Just. 6, 23, 15: actio, Dig. 3, 5, 46; 9, 4, 26 et saep.; cf. institutio (opp. precaria), id. 29, 1, 19: libertates (opp. fideicommissariae), id. 29, 4, 12.
      Adv.
        1. a. dīrectē, directly, straight (very rare): dicere, Cic. Part. Or. 7, 24: ire, Vulg. Sap. 5, 22.
          Far more freq.,
        2. b. dīrectō, directly, straight: deorsum ferri, Cic. N. D. 1, 25: transversas trabes, Caes. B. C. 2, 9, 2: ad fidem spectare, Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46; so id. Div. 2, 61 fin. (opp. anfractus and circuitio); Liv. 1, 11 fin.; Sen. Ep. 66; Dig. 9, 4, 26 al.
        3. * c. dīrectā: quo magis ursimus alte directā, press deep down perpendicularly, Lucr. 2, 198.
        4. d. dīrectim, straightway, directly (post-class.), App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 34; Macr. S. 7, 12 fin.
          Comp.:           directius gubernare, Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66.
          Sup. seems not to occur either in the adj. or in the adv.

dĭrĭmo, ēmi, emptum (perf. dirempsi, cited as error, Charis. 220 P.), 3, v. a. [disĕmo, like diribeo, from dis-habeo], to take apart; to part, separate, divide (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense—cf.: findo, scindo, divello, separo, sejungo, segrego, secerno).

  1. I. Lit.: dirimi corpus distrahive, Cic. N. D. 3, 12; cf. Lucr. 6, 1075: Tiberis Veientem agrum a Crustumino dirimens, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53; cf.: castris Ilerdam, Luc. 4, 33: sontes justis (Minos), Claud. ap. Rufin. 2, 477: oppida nostra unius diei itinere dirimuntur, are separated from each other, Plin. Ep. 6, 8, 2; cf.: urbs Vulturno flumine dirempta, Liv. 22, 15; and: dirempta mari gens, Plin. Pan. 32; and absol.: dirimente amne, Liv. 42, 39 et saep.
    Poet., of cutting through the waves in a ship, Stat. Th. 5, 482.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To break off, interrupt, to disturb, put off, delay (the fig. is taken from combatants who are parted asunder; transferred, like the opp. committere, to things; cf.: dirimere infestas acies, dirimere iras, Liv. 1, 13): proelium tandem diremit nox, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 99; so, proelium, Caes. B. C. 1, 40 fin.; Sall. J. 60 fin.; Liv. 37, 32; Verg. A. 5, 467 al.; cf. Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 9: pugnam, Liv. 27, 13: bellum, id. 27, 30; 40, 52; Verg. A. 12, 79: certamina, Ov. M. 5, 314 et saep.: controversiam, i. e. to adjust, compose, Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119: seditionem, Front. Strat. 1, 8, 6: litem, Ov. M. 1, 21: rem arbitrio, id. F. 6, 98 et saep.; also, to separate, dissolve, break off a connection: conjunctionem civium, Cic. Off. 3, 5, 23: societatem, id. Sull. 2, 6; Liv. 8, 23: nuptias, Suet. Caes. 43: affinitatem, Tac. A. 12, 4: amicitias, id. ib. 6, 29; cf. Cic. Lael. 10, 34: caritatem quae est inter natos et parentes, id. ib. 8, 27: pacem, Liv. 9, 8; Quint. 2, 16, 7: conubium, Liv. 4, 6 et saep.
      So too, to interrupt, disturb, break up a conversation, deliberation, etc.: colloquium, Caes. B. G. 1, 46, 4: sermonem, Cic. Rep. 1, 11: concilia populi, Liv. 1, 36 fin.: comitia, id. 40, 59 al.; cf. absol.: actum est eo die nihil: nox diremit, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 13, 2.
    2. B. In gen., to destroy, frustrate, bring to naught: natura animaï morte dirempta, Lucr. 1, 114: auspicium, Liv. 8, 23 fin.; cf.: rem susceptam, Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 31: dirimere tempus et proferre diem, id. Div. 1, 39, 85: ea res consilium diremit, Sall. C. 18 fin.
      Absnl., to dissuade, to be unfavorable:       dirimen tibus auspicibus, Amm. 14, 10, 9.

dī-rĭpĭo, ŭi, eptum, 3, v. a. [rapio], to tear asunder, tear in pieces (class.).

  1. I. In gen. (rarely): Pentheum diripuisse aiunt Bacchas, Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 1: Hippolytum (equi), Ov. A. A. 1, 338; id. F. 5, 310: nec opinantes (leae), Lucr. 5, 1319: membra manibus nefandis, Ov. M. 3, 731 et saep.: venti diripiunt fretum, Stat. Th. 5, 367.
  2. II. In partic.
    1. A. Milit. t. t., to lay waste, ravage, spoil, plunder an enemy’s territory or possessions (so most freq.): bona alicujus, Caes. B. G. 7, 3, 1; 7, 42, 3; 7, 43, 2: magnum numerum frumenti commeatusque, id. ib. 7, 38, 9: impedimenta, id. ib. 2, 17, 3: naves more praedonum, id. B. C. 3, 112, 3: praedas bellicas, Sall. J. 41, 7 et saep.: oppidum, Caes. B. C. 1, 21, 2; 3, 80 fin.: urbes, Liv. 37, 32 fin.: tecta, id. 5, 41: templa hostiliter, id. 37, 21; cf.: castra hostiliter, id. 2, 14; and: oppida hostiliter, Suet. Caes. 54: civitates, Caes. B. C. 3, 31 fin.: provincias, Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 19, 57: patriam, id. Att. 8, 2, 3 et saep.
        1. b. With personal objects: Eburones, Caes. B. G. 6, 34, 8; 6, 35, 4: Lusitanos, Nep. Cato, 3, 4: ab hostibus diripi, Caes. B. G. 7, 8, 4; cf. id. B. C. 2, 12, 4 al.
      1. 2. Transf. beyond the milit. sphere, to destroy, to rob: (Harpyiae) diripiunt dapes, Verg. A. 3, 227: supellectilem, Suet. Ner. 11.
    2. B. To struggle, strive, contend for a thing (post-Aug.): talos jecit in medium, quos pueri diripere coeperant, Quint. 6, 1, 47: editum librum, to buy up rapidly, Suet. Vita Pers. fin.
      Of persons: diripitur ille toto foro patronus, Sen. Brev. Vit. 7; so, Timagenem, id. de Ira, 3, 23: Homerum (urbes), Stat. Silv. 5, 3, 131: matrem avidis complexibus ambo, id. Th. 5, 722: te potentiores per convivia, Mart. 7, 76.
    3. C. To tear away, snatch away: direpto ex capite regni insigni et lacerata veste, Curt. 7, 5, 24: ferrum a latere, Tac. A. 1, 35; Hor. C. 3, 5, 21 Stallb. (al. derepta).
  3. III. Trop., of the mind and feelings, to distract, distress: differor, distrahor, diripior, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 5.

dīrĭtas, ātis, f. [dirus] (rare but class.), lit. fearfulness, viz.,

  1. I. Of fate, fatal mischief, misfortune: si qua invecta diritas casu foret, Cic. Poët. Tusc. 3, 14: totius diei, Suet. Ner. 8; cf. ominis, Gell. 4, 9, 10.
  2. II. Of character, fierceness, cruelty: omni diritate atque immanitate teterrimus, Cic. Vatin. 3 fin.: quanta in altero diritas, in altero comitas! id. de Sen. 18 fin.: morum (Tiberii), Suet. Tib. 21.

dī-rumpo or disr-, rūpi, ruptum, 3, v. a., to break or dash to pieces; to break, burst asunder (rare but class.).

  1. I. Lit.: tabulā caput, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 37: ne medius disrumpar miser, id. Curc. 2, 1, 7: cum se in nubem induerint (venti) ejusque tenuissimam quamque partem coeperint dividere atque disrumpere, Cic. Div. 2, 19, 44: imagines, Tac. H. 1, 55: homo diruptus, i. e. that has a rupture (c. c. dirutus), Cic. Phil. 13, 12.
    In an obscene sense, Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 11 al.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To break off, sunder, sever: amicitias exorsa aliqua offensione dirumpimus, Cic. Lael. 22 fin.; cf.: humani generis societatem, id. Off. 3, 5, 21: regnum, Vulg. 3 Reg. 11, 11.
      And in a figure borrowed from a play (in which two persons tugged at the ends of a rope until it broke, or one of them fell to the ground): cave dirumpatis, i. e. the rope or thread of your recollection, Plaut. Poen. prol. 117.
      Esp. freq.,
    2. B. Pass. in colloquial lang., to burst with envy, etc.: unum omnia posse dirumpuntur ii qui, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 16, 10; cf.: infinito fratris tui plausu dirumpitur, id. Fam. 12, 2, 2: dirumpor dolore, id. Att. 7, 12, 3; cf. risu, App. M. 3, p. 130, 3.
      Once act.: dirupi me paene, I nearly burst myself with earnest speaking, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 4.

dī-rŭo, rŭi, rŭtum, 3, v. a., to tear asunder, overthrow, demolish, destroy (class. —cf.: deleo, diluo, exstinguo, everto, demolior).

  1. I. Prop.: maceriam, Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 10: urbem, Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 73; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8, § 25; Suet. Caes. 54; Ov. M. 12, 551 et saep.: muros, Nep. Con. 4 fin.: templa, Suet. Calig. 60: arcum circi, id. Ner. 25: monumentum, id. Dom. 8; Hor. C. 3, 30, 4: fores ira, Prop. 4 (5), 9, 14: arbusta, Verg. A. 10, 363: regna Priami, Prop. 2, 28, 54 (3, 26, 8 M.); cf. id. 4 (5), 1, 113 et saep.
    Absol.: diruit, aedificat, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 100; cf.: nova diruunt, alia aedificant, Sall. C. 20, 12.
    Hyperbol.: caelum, Auct. B. Hisp. 42 fin.
  2. II. Transf.: agmina vasto impetu, to drive asunder, scatter, Hor. C. 4, 14, 30: omnia Bacchanalia, i. e. to abolish, Liv. 39, 18.
    And in milit. lang.: aere dirutus, qs. ruined in pay, i. e. deprived of pay; said of a soldier whose pay was stopped as a punishment, Varr. ap. Non. 532, 4 sq.; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 13 Zumpt; cf. also beyond the milit. sphere, and without aere, of a bankrupt: homo diruptus dirutusque, both ruptured and bankrupt, Cic. Phil. 13, 12.

* dīruptĭo, ōnis, f. [dirumpo], a tearing asunder, tearing to pieces: magnorum corporum, Sen. Q. N. 2, 15.

dīruptus, a, um, Part., from dirumpo.

dīrus, a, um, adj. [Sanscr. root dī, to flee; Gr. δέος, δείδω, δεινός], fearful, awful (for syn. cf.: saevus, atrox, ferox, crudelis, trux, furens, furiosus, immitis).

  1. I. Orig. belonging to the lang. of augurs; of fate, ill-omened, ominous, boding, portentous: QVAE AVGVR INIVSTA, NEFASTA VITIOSA DIRA DEFIXERIT, IRRITA INFECTAQVE SVNTO, Cic. Leg. 2, 8 fin.; cf. id. Div. 1, 16: tristissima exta sine capite fuerunt, quibus nihil videtur esse dirius, id. ib. 2, 15 fin.; cf.: bubo, dirum mortalibus omen, Ov. M. 5, 550: omen, Tac. H. 3, 56; Suet. Aug. 92; id. Tib. 1, 3, 17: aves, Tac. A. 12, 43; Suet. Claud. 22: alites, Plin. 18, 1, 1, § 4: somnia, Val. Fl. 3, 59: tempus, Cic. Poët. Div. 1, 11, 18: exsecrationes, Liv. 40, 56; 28, 22; Suet. Claud. 12; cf. deprecationes, Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 19: detestatio, Hor. Epod. 5, 89: ritus sacrorum, Tac. A. 16, 8: religio loci, Verg. A. 8, 350 et saep.
    Hence, as subst.:
      1. 1. dīrae, ārum, f.
          1. (α) (sc. res), ill-boding things, portents, unlucky signs: dirarum obnuntiatio, id. ib.; Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 17; 28, 2, 5, § 26; Tac. A. 6, 24 al.; Hor. Epod. 5, 89; Müll. Etrusk. 2, p. 117.
          2. (β) As a nom. propr., Dīrae, the Furies, Verg. A. 12, 845 sq.; 4, 473; Val. Fl. 1, 804; Aur. Vict. Epit. 21 al.; called also Dirae deae, sorores, Verg. A. 7, 324 and 454.
      2. 2. dīra, ōrum, n., fearful things, ill-boding events: in dira et in vitiosa incurrimus, Cic. Div. 1, 16, 29; id. Leg. 2, 8, 21; cf.: me mihi dira precari cogis, to curse, invoke curses on, Tib. 2, 6, 17: dira passus, Vulg. Sirach, 38, 16.
  2. II. Transf., of character, dreadful, horrible, terrible, abominable, detestable (so almost exclusively poet.; a very favorite expression with the Aug. poets; in the Ciceron. per. not at all; but cf. diritas, II.): senex dirissimus, Varr. Poët. ap. Non. 100, 30: Dea, i. e. Circe, Ov. M. 14, 278: Ulixes, Verg. A. 2, 261; 762: Hannibal, Hor. C. 2, 12, 2 al.: durum, id. ib. 3, 6, 36 (also ap. Quint. 8, 2, 9): Afer, Hor. C. 4, 4, 42: Amulius, Ov. F. 4, 53: noverca, id. H. 12, 188: pellex, id. ib. 5, 60 et saep.: hydra, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 10: serpens, Ov. M. 2, 651: victima, id. A. A. 1, 334: parens, fell, cruel, id. ib. 2, 383: soror, Stat. S. 5, 3, 84: parentes, Manil. 5, 541.
        1. b. Of inanimate and abstr. subjects: regio, Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 5: facies, id. F. 1, 553: dapes, id. ib. 6, 663: venena, Hor. Epod. 5, 61; id. S. 1, 9, 31: Asphaltites lacus, Plin. 5, 15, 15, § 71: scopulus, id. 4, 11, 18, § 51: duarum Syrtium vadoso mari diri sinus, id. 5, 4, 4, § 26 et saep.: bellum, Verg. A. 11, 217: nefas, id. ib. 4, 563: sollicitudines, Hor. Epod. 13, 10: amores, Ov. M. 10, 426: superbia, id. ib. 3, 354: quies, Tac. A. 1, 65 et saep.
          Poet., answering to the Gr. δεινός, with inf.: dira portas quassare trabs, Sil. 4, 284.
    1. B. Skilful: in complicandis negotiis, Amm. 14, 5, 8.

‡ dīrŭtĭo, ōnis, f. [diruo], a destruction, Inscr. Grut. 3, 9.

dīrŭtus, a, um, Part., from diruo.

dis-rāro or dī-rāro, āre, v. a.

  1. I. In econom. lang., to thin out, to make thin by cutting, Col. 4, 32, 4; 5, 6, 36.
  2. II. Transf.
          1. (α) Of nutriment, to thin, dilute, Cael. Aur. Acut. 1, 15, 152.
          2. (β) Of the body, to cause to perspire excessively, Cael. Aur. Acut. 1, 15, 133; 1, 11, 84.