Lewis & Short

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peccātum, i, n. [pecco],

  1. I. a fault, error, mistake, transgression, sin (syn.: delictum, culpa): pro peccatis supplicium sufferre, Ter. And. 5, 3, 17: corrigere, id. Ad. 4, 3, 2: peccata remordent, Lucr. 3, 827: recte facta sola in bonis actionibus ponens, prave, id est peccata, in malis, Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37: ut peccatum est, patriam prodere, parentes violare, fana depeculari, quae sunt in effectu; sic timere, sic maerere, sic in libidine esse, peccatum est, etiam sine effectu, id. Fin. 3, 9, 32: culpa ac peccatum, id. Fam. 5, 21, 5: multitudo vitiorum peccatorumque, id. Phil. 2, 17, 43; id. Att. 8, 13, 2: quo illi crimine peccatoque perierunt? id. Cael. 30, 71: libidinum peccatorumque licentia, id. Lael. 22, 83: confiteri, id. N. D. 2, 4, 11; id. de Or. 1, 27, 125: paucis verbis tria magna peccata, blunders, id. Tusc. 3, 20, 47: in peccata incidere, id. Fin. 4, 15, 40: luere peccata, Verg. A. 10, 32: peccati conscius, Ov. Am. 2, 7, 11: peccatis poenas aequas irrogare, Hor. S. 1, 3, 118: peccatis veniam commodare, Tac Agr. 19: abstinere peccatis, Plin. Ep. 8, 22, 2. Here, too, doubtless belongs: nam eā aetate jam sum, ut non siet peccato mi ignosci aequom Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 11.
  2. II. Transf. (eccl. Lat.).
      1. 1. Guilt: si non venissem peccatum non haberent, Vulg. Johan. 15, 22: cognatio pec-cati, id. Rom. 3, 20; Lact. 6, 13.
      2. 2. The punishment of sin: peccatum vestrum apprehendet vos, Vulg. Num. 32, 23: ipse peccata multorum tulit, id. Isa. 53, 12.

pecco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and

  1. I. a. [often referred to Sanscr. pāpa, pāpaka, wicked; but better to root pik-, to be angry; cf.: piget, pigeo, and Fick, Vergl. Wört. 632], to miss or mistake any thing; to do amiss, to transgress, to commit a fault, to offend, sin: peccare est tamquam transilire lineas, Cic. Par. 3, 1, 20: alius magis alio vel peccat vel recte facit, id. Fin. 3, 14, 48; id. Or. 47, 157: peccare largiter, to make a great mistake, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 8; id. Ep. 3, 4, 53.
    With acc.: si unam peccavisses syllabam, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 29: aliquid, to offend in any respect: plura in aliquā re, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 44: Empedocles multa alia peccat, Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29: eadem fere, id. ib. 1, 12, 31: talia peccandi jam mihi finis erit, Ov. P. 3, 7, 10.
    With in and acc.: si quid in te peccavi . . . in me ipsum peccavi vehementius, Cic. Att. 3, 15, 4: in rem publicam, id. ib. 7, 1, 3 (al. in re publicā).
    With erga aliquem, Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 62.
    In aliquo or in aliquā re: quod in eo (Valerio) peccandi Germanis causa non esset, Caes. B. G. 1, 47: in servo necando semel peccatur, Cic. Par. 3, 2, 25: in hoc eodem peccat Hieronymus, id. Fin. 2, 10, 32: non modo in vitā sed saepissime et in poëmatis et in oratione peccatur, id. Or. 21, 70.
    With abl. alone: et pecuniā et mollibus consultis, Tac. A. 1, 40: libidine, Juv. 6, 135.
    With dat. of person (late Lat.): Domino, Vulg. Deut. 1, 41; id. 2 Reg. 12, 13.
    De aliquă re, Caecil. ap. Gell. 2, 23, 13.
    1. B. In partic., of sexual sin: quid inter-Est in matronā, ancillā, peccesve togatā? Hor. S. 1, 2, 63; Ov. H. 16, 295; Mart. 1, 35, 2.
  2. II. Transf., of animals and inanim. things, to fail, miscarry: ne Peccet (equus) ad extremum ridendus, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 9: unus de toto peccaverat orbe comarum Anulus, Mart. 2, 66, 1: si senseris vina peccatura, Pall. 11, 14.
    Hence, peccans, antis, P. a., sinful, full of sin: unus dies bene actus peccanti immortalitati anteponendus, Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 5.
    Comp.: peccantius, more faulty, worse, Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 8, 88.
    1. B. As subst.: peccans, antis, comm., an offender, sinner: non prodest latere peccantibus. Sen. Ep. 97, 13: peccantium poena, id. ib. 97, 14: ad officium peccantes redire cogeret, Nep. Ages. 5, 3.
      Adv.: peccanter, wrongly, incorrectly, falsely, Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 9, 40: definire aliquid, id. ib. 3, 1, 5.