Lewis & Short

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2. circumactus, ūs, m. [circumago], a moving or turning round (post-Aug.): assiduus caeli, Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2; Censor. de Die Nat. 23: corporis, Plin. 8, 30, 44, § 105; 8, 50, 76, § 201: rotarum, id. 28, 9, 37, § 141.

circum-ăgo, ēgi, actum, 3, v. a.

  1. I. To drive or turn in a circle, turn round (most freq. since the Aug. per.; not in Cic. or Quint.): impera suovetaurilia circumagi, Cato, R. R. 141, 1.
    And with two acc. (on account of circum): terram fundumque meum suovetaurilia circumagi jussi, Cato, R. R. 141, § 2: (annus) qui solstitiali circumagitur orbe, Liv. 1, 19, 6: chamaeleonis oculos ipsos circumagi totos tradunt, Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 152.
    Act. in mid. sense (very rare): Aegeum pelagus summotas terras hinc ad promunturium, quod Sunium vocatur, magno ambitu mollique circumagit, rolls around, surrounds, Mel. 2, 2, 8.
      1. 2. To drive around, produce by going around: pinctis bobus … aratro circumagebant sulcum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 143 Müll.
        Hence,
    1. B. T. t., to manumit a slave by turning him round. since the slave, in such a case, was taken by his master with the right hand, and turned around in a circle (cf. vertigo, Casaub. Pers. 5, 75 sq., and Dict. of Antiq.); fig.: qui se illi (philosophiae) subjecit et tradidit, statim circumagitur: hoc enim ipsum philosophiae servire libertas est, Sen. Ep. 8, 6.
    2. C. Trop.
      1. 1. Of time, with se, or more freq. in pass, to pass away, to be spent (so most freq. in temp. perf. and in Liv.): in ipso conatu rerum circumegit se annus, Liv. 9, 18, 14: sed prius se aestas circumegit, quam, etc., id. 23, 39, 4: prius circumactus est annus, quam, etc., id. 6, 38, 1: circumactis decem et octo mensibus, id. 9, 33, 3; 6, 1, 4; 26, 40, 1; 27, 30, 11; 44, 36, 1; Plin. 7, 16, 17, § 76; and in tmesis: circum tribus actis annis, Lucr. 5, 881.
        In temp. pres.: annus, qui solstitiali circumagitur orbe, Liv. 1, 19, 6: nobis in apparatu ipso annus circumagitur, id. 24, 8, 8.
      2. 2. Of the vicissitudes of fortune, etc.: cum videamus tot varietates tam volubili orbe circumagi, Plin. Ep. 4, 24, 6.
  2. II. To turn, turn about, wheel around: equos frenis, Liv. 1, 14, 9; 8, 7, 10; 10, 11, 1; Curt. 3, 11, 14 sq.: collum in aversam se, Plin. 11, 47, 107, § 256: corpora, Tac. H. 4, 29: se ad dissonos clamores, Liv. 4, 28, 2: circumagitur, cum venit, imago (in speculis), Lucr. 4, 316 (340): circumagente se vento, Liv. 37, 16, 4: aciem, id. 42, 64, 5: signa, id. 10, 36, 9; 6, 24, 7; Curt. 4, 6, 14: ut qui (milites) ultimi stabant … verti tamen et in frontem circumagi possent, id. 4, 13, 32: se, to turn about, Plin. 6, 31, 36, § 199; 16, 41, 80, § 220: legiones, to lead back, Flor. 3, 21, 6.
    Hence, prov.: circumagetur hic orbis, the tide will turn, Liv. 42, 42, 6; cf.’ praecipua cenationum rotunda, quae perpetuo diebus ac noctibus vice mundi circumageretur, Suet. Ner. 31.
      1. 2. Esp., to agitate, disturb: verna (mala) stomacho inutilia sunt, alvom, vesicam circumagunt, Plin. 23, 6, 54, § 100.
    1. B. Trop.: hic paululum circumacta fortuna est, changes, is changed, Flor. 2, 2, 22: sed unā voce, quā Quirites eos pro militibus appellarat, tam facile circumegit et flexit, Suet. Caes. 70: quo te circumagas? whither will you now turn? Juv. 9, 81: universum prope humanum genus circumegit in se, brought over to his side, Plin. 26, 3, 7, § 13.
  3. III. (Acc. to circum, II. C.) To run or drive about, proceed from one place to another: (milites) huc illuc clamoribus hostium circumagi, Tac. H, 3, 73: nil opus est te Circumagi, i. e. that you wander about with me, * Hor. S. 1, 9, 17.
    1. B. Trop.: non pendere ex alterius vultu ac nutu, nec alieni momentis animi circumagi, Liv. 39, 5, 3: rumoribus vulgi circumagi, id. 44, 34, 4; 26, 8, 3.
  4. IV. Aliquem aliquā re = circumdare, to surround with something: fratrem Saturnum muro, Lact. 1, 14.
    Hence, circumactus, a, um, P. a., bent around, curved (perh. only in the two Plin.): in orbem circumactus, Plin. 9, 33, 52, § 102; 15, 14, 15, § 51; 16, 34, 62, § 146: sensim circumactis curvatisque litoribus, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 12.