Lewis & Short

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† ā̆tlantĭon, ii, n. [Atlas], the lowest vertebra of the neck (so called because on it rests the whole burden of the head and the remaining vertebrae of the neck): hunc spinae articulum sive nodum Atlantion vocant, Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 99.

Ā̆tlās, antis, m., = Ἄτλας.

  1. I. Atlas, a high mountain in Mauretania, in the northwest part of Libya, on which, acc. to the fable, heaven rested, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 11 sqq.; Ov. M. 2, 296; 15, 149; id. F. 5, 83; Verg. A. 4, 247; 6, 796; Vitr. 6, 10; 8, 12; Hyg. Fab. 150 (cf. Hom. Od. 1, 52; 4, 385; Hdt. 3, 2; 4, 148; Apollod. 2, 5, 11; Diod. Sic. 3, 5).
  2. II. In mythology, a king of Mauretania, son of Iapetus and Clymene, a lover of astronomy, Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 8; Ov. M. 4, 628 sq.; changed by Perseus, with the aid of Medusa’s head, into Mount Atlas, because he refused him a hospitable reception as guest, Ov. M. 4, 657 sq. He was the father, by Pleione, of the seven Pleiades, and, by Æthra, of the seven (acc. to Hyg. five) Hyades.
    Meton. for a man of colossal height, and iron. for a dwarf, Juv. 8, 32.
  3. III. Derivv.
    1. A. Ā̆tlantĭcus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Mount Atlas, as a designation for westAfrican, Libyan: mare, the Atlantic Ocean, Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 21: accola, dwelling on Atlas, Sil. 10, 185: munera, i. e. citrus-wood, Mart. 14, 89; cf. Atlantis, 1.
    2. B. Ā̆tlantĭăcus, a, um, adj., the same: litus, Sil. 13, 200: Olympus, i. e. the heaven borne by Atlas, Calp. 4, 83: profundum, Aus. Mos. 144.
    3. C. Ā̆tlantēus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Atlas, and,
          1. (α) Of Mount Atlas, as a designation for west-African, Libyan: finis, Hor. C. 1, 34, 11: Oceanus, the Atlantic Ocean, Claud. Nupt. Hon. et Mar. 280; cf. id. Prob. et Olyb. Cons. 35: gurges, Stat. Achill. 1, 223.
          2. (β) Of or belonging to King Atlas: Pleiades, Ov. F. 3, 105.
    4. D. Ā̆t-lantĭădes, ae, m. patr., a male descendant of King Atlas.
          1. (α) Mercury, the grandson of Atlas by Maia, Ov. M. 2, 704; 2, 834; 8, 627 (cf.: nepos Atlantis, Ov. F. 5, 663; Hor. C. 1, 10, 1).
          2. (β) Hermaphroditus, greatgrandson of Atlas and son of Mercury, Ov. M. 4, 368.
    5. E. Ā̆tlantĭăs, ădis, f. patr., a female descendant of Atlas: sorores, i. e. Pleiades, daughters of Atlas, Sil. 16, 136: Calypso, Auct. Priap. 69 (cf. Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 685 P.: apud nympham Atlantis filiam Calypsonem).
  4. F. Ā̆tlantis, ĭdis, f.
      1. 1. Adj., of or pertaining to Mount Atlas: silva, a citrus forest, Luc. 10, 144; cf. Atlanticus.
        Also subst., the name of several islands in the Atlantic Ocean, of which the largest, acc. to Plato, was said to have sunk (some consider this as America), Plin. 2, 90, 92, § 205; 6, 31, 36, § 190.
      2. 2. Adj., of or pertaining to King Atlas; and subst., his female posterity; thus the Pleiades and Hyades, connected as constellations in the heavens, are called Atlantides, Hyg. Fab. 192; id. Astr. 2, 21: Eoae Atlantides, the Pleiades, called Vergiliae, Verg. G. 1, 221 Serv.; Col. 10, 54; cf. Vitr. 6, 10.
        In sing., an epithet of Electra, one of the Pleiades, Ov F. 4, 31; and of Calypso, Tib. 4, 1, 77.
  5. G. Ā̆tlantĭus, ii, m., a descendant of Atlas; Hermaphroditus, his great-grandson by Mercury (cf. Atlantiades), Hyg. Fab. 271.
  6. IV. Ā̆tlantes, um, m., a Libyan people, Mel. 1, 4, 4; 1, 8, 5; Plin. 5, 8, 8, § 44 sq.; Sol. 31.
  7. V. Atlantes = Gigantes, Naev. Bell. Punic. ap. Prisc. p. 679 P.