Lewis & Short

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sătur, ŭra, ŭrum, adj. [satis], full of food, sated, that has eaten enough (class.).

  1. I. Lit.: ubi satur sum (opp. quando esurio), Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 27; so (opp. esurientes) id. Poen. prol. 6 sq.: sopor quem satur aut lassus capias, Lucr. 4, 957: esurientibus pullis res geri poterit; saturis nihil geretur, Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77: postquam isti a mensā surgunt saturi, poti, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 62: cum tu satura atque ebria eris, puer ut satur sit facito, Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 3; so (with ebrius and crudus), Quint. 11, 3, 27: et exacto contentus tempore vita Cedat, uti conviva satur, Hor. S. 1, 1, 119: capellae, Verg. E. 10, 77: colonus, Tib. 2, 1, 23: histrio, Mart. 12, 79, 1.
    Humorously, of a pregnant woman, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 35.
          1. (β) With abl.: qui non edistis, saturi fite fabulis, Plaut. Poen. prol. 8: quadrupedes suco ambrosiae, Ov. M. 2, 120: nepos anseris extis, Pers. 6, 71.
          2. (γ) With gen.: postquam intus sum omnium rerum satur, Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 3; so, rerum (with plenus), Lucr. 3, 960: altilium, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 35.
            Comp.: agnus saturior lactis, Col. 7, 4, 3.
    1. B. Transf., of things (poet. and in post-Aug. prose).
      1. 1. Of color, full, deep, strong, rich: color, Plin. 37, 10, 61, § 170: vellera saturo fucata colore, Verg. G. 4, 335: (purpura) quo melior saturiorque est, Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 12: vestes Tyrio saturae ostro, richly dyed, Sen. Thyest. 956.
      2. 2. In gen., well filled, full; rich, abundant, fertile: praesepia, Verg. G. 3, 214: Tarentum, id. ib. 2, 197; cf. rus, Pers. 1, 71: auctumnus, Col. poët. 10, 43: messes, Lucil. Aetn. 12: locis ob umidam caeli naturam saturis et redundantibus, Sen. Q. N. 5, 9, 1.
      3. * 3. Fatted, fat: aves paludis, Mart. 11, 52, 14.
  2. II. Trop., rich, fruitful (opp. dry, simple; very rare; perh. only in the two foll. passages): nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute (dicet), Cic. Or. 36, 123: gestus, i. e. various, Manil. 5, 474.
    Hence, sătŭra, ae, f. (sc. lanx), orig., a dish filled with various kinds of fruits, a plate of fruit; hence, also, food composed of various ingredients, a mixture, medley, olio, etc. (both significations, however, rest only on the statements of the grammarians); and hence, transf.,
    1. A. Per saturam, in the gross or in the lump, i. e. without order or distinctness, confusedly: lanx plena diversis frugibus in templum Cereris infertur, quae saturae nomine appellatur, Acro, Hor. S. 1, 1: satura et cibi genus ex variis rebus conditum et lex multis aliis legibus conferta (this latter signif. has perh. arisen from an erroneous explanation of the foll. expression, per saturam). Itaque in sanctione legum ascribitur: neve per saturam abrogato aut derogato. Ti. Annius Luscus in eā, quam dixit adversus Ti. Gracchum: Imperium, quod plebes per saturam dederat, id abrogatum est. Et C. Laelius in eā, quam pro se dixit … (Sall. J. 29, 5) Dein postero die quasi per saturam sententiis exquisitis in deditionem accipitur, Fest. p. 314 Müll.: satira dicta a saturā lance, quae referta variis multisque primitiis in sacro apud priscos diis inferebatur … sive a quodam genere farciminis, quod multis rebus refertum, saturam dicit Varro vocitatum. Est autem hoc positum in II. libro Plautinarum Quaestionum: Satura est uva passa et polenta et nuclei pinei mulso conspersi: ad haec alii addunt et de malo Punico grana. Alii autem dictam putant a lege saturā, quae uno rogatu multa simul comprehendat, quod scilicet et satura carmina multa simul et poëmata comprehenduntur: cujus legis Lucilius meminit in primo: Per saturam aedilem factum qui legibus solvat et Sallustius in Jugurtha: Deinde quasi per saturam sententiis exquisitis in deditionem accipitur, Diom. p. 483 P.: hoc opus legentibus tradebatur non secundum edicti perpetui ordinationem sed passim et quasi per saturam collectum et utile cum inutilibus mixtum, Just. praef. Dig. ad Antecess. § 1: Pescennius Festus in libris historiarum per saturam refert, Carthaginienses, etc., Lact. 1, 21, 13.
    2. B. sătŭra, and after the class. per. sătĭra (erroneously sătyra), ae, f., a satire, a species of poetry, originally dramatic and afterwards didactic, peculiar to the Romans (not connected with the Greek Satyri); it first received a regular poetic form from Ennius, and after him was cultivated by Lucilius, Horace, Persius, and Juvenal; Liv. 7, 2: sunt quibus in saturā videar nimis acer, Hor. S. 2, 1, 1; Stat. S. 1, 3, 103; Amm. 16, 6, 3.
      Personified: Satura jocabunda, Mart. Cap. 6, § 576.

1. sătŭra, ae, f., v. satur fin. B.

2. Sătŭrae pălūs, a lake in Latium, otherwise unknown; perh. a part of the Pontine Marshes, Verg. A. 7, 801; Sil. 8, 382.

‡ sătŭrābĭlis, χορταστικός, Gloss. Lat. Gr.

sătŭrāmen, ĭnis, n. [saturo], a filling, satisfying (late Lat.): inopum, Paul. Nol. Carm. 27, 194.

sătŭranter, adv. [saturo], sufficiently, to satiety, Fulg. Virg. Cont. p. 149 Munk.
Comp.: saturantius, Fulg. Pathol. 3, 6 med.

‡ sătŭrātim, κατακόρως, Gloss. Gr. Lat.

* sătŭrātĭo, ōnis, f. [saturo], a filling, satisfying, Aug. Tract. in Joann. 24.

* sătŭrātor, ōris, m. [saturo], a filler, satisfier, Aug. Ep. 120, 25 dub.

sătŭrātus, a, um, Part. and P. a. of saturo.

sătŭrēia, ae, f. (neutr. collat. form in plur. sătŭrēia (quadrisyl.), ōrum, Ov. A. A. 2, 415; Mart. 3, 75, 4; though this is perh. another plant), the common name for the pot-herb cunila, savory, Col. 9, 4, 2; 9, 4, 6; 9, 10 (poet.), 233; 11, 3, 57; Plin. 19, 8, 50, § 165; Pall. Febr. 24, 2.

Sătŭrēiānus, a, um, adj., the appellation of a region in Appulia; hence, poet. for Appulian: caballus, Hor. S. 1, 6, 59 (Schol. Porphyr.); Serv. Verg. G. 2, 197; 4, 335.

sătŭrēium, i, v. satureia init.

Sătŭrĭo, ōnis, m. [satur].

  1. I. The name of a lost comedy of Plautus, Gell. 3, 3, 14.
  2. II. The name of a parasite in the Persa of Plautus; hence, in a lusus verbb.: Essurio venio, non advenio saturio, Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 23.

sătŭrĭtas, ātis, f. [satur], fulness, repletion, satiety (mostly ante-class. and postAug. for the class. satietas; perh. only once in Cic.).

  1. I. Lit.: aperitur ostium, unde saturitate saepe ego exii ebrius, Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 35; 4, 1, 4; 4, 2, 85; Aur. Vict. Epit. 45 fin.: quid causae est quin virgis te usque ad saturitatem sauciem? till you have enough, Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 53 (for which usu. ad satietatem; v. satietas); Vulg. Exod. 16, 3.
    Humorously personified as the goddess of a parasite, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 97.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. * A. (Acc. to satur, I. B. 1.) A fulness or depth of color, Plin. 9, 39, 64, § 138.
    2. B. (Acc. to satur, I. B. 2.) Fulness, plenty, abundance: saturitas copiaque rerum omnium quae ad victum hominum pertinent, * Cic. Sen. 16, 56; Vulg. Prov. 3, 10.
    3. * C. Concr. (superfluity of food which has been eaten, i. e.), excrements, Plin. 10, 33, 49, § 92 (cf. satietas, I. A. 2.).

Sāturnālĭa, ĭum; Sāturnālĭcĭus or -tĭus, a, um; Sāturnālis, e; Sā-turnĭa, ae; v. Saturnus.

Sāturnĭgĕna, ae, m. [Saturnus-gigno], offspring of Saturn (poet. and late Lat.); of Jupiter, Aus. Idyll. 15, 22; Sid. Carm. 9, 131.

Sāturnīnus, i, m., a Roman surname. So esp. L. Appuleius Saturninus, a tribune of the people A.U.C. 654; who, with C. Servilius Glaucia, was pronounced guilty of treason and put to death, Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 18; id. Brut. 62, 224; id. Cat. 1, 2, 4; id. Mil. 5, 14; Suet. Aug. 27; id. Calig. 38; Mart. 4, 11, 2.

1. Sāturnĭus, a, um.—

      1. 2. Sātur-nĭus, ii, v. Saturnus, A.

Sāturnus (old collat. form Sāteur-nus, Fest. pp. 323 and 325 Müll., and SAETVRNVS, on a vase; v. Ritschl, de Fictil. Litteratis, and Schweizer, Zeitschr. für vergl. Sprachf. 4, p. 65 sq.), i, m. [1. sero; ab satu est dictus Saturnus, Varr. L. L. 5, § 64 Müll.], Saturn; according to the myth, the most ancient king of Latium, who came to Italy in the reign of Janus; afterwards honored as the god of agriculture and of civilization in general; hence early identified with the Κρόνος of the Greeks: qui terram colerent, eos solos reliquos esse ex stirpe Saturni regis, Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 5: principes (dei) in Latio Saturnus et Ops, id. L. L. 5, § 57 Müll.: primus ab aetherio venit Saturnus Olympo, Arma Jovis fugiens et regnis exsul ademptis. Is genus indocile ac dispersum montibus altis Composuit legesque dedit Latiumque vocari Maluit, etc., Verg. A. 8, 319 sq.; Ov. F. 1, 193; 1, 235 sq.; 6, 29 sq.; Tib. 1, 3, 35; 2, 5, 9 et saep.
As the god of time, Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64; Lact. 1, 12, 9.
As the sun-god of the Phœnicians, = Baal, Curt. 4, 3, 15: Saturni sacra dies, i. e. Saturday, Tib. 1, 3, 18: Saturni Stella, the planet Saturn, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52; 2, 46, 119; id. Div. 1, 39, 85.
As subst.: Sāturnus, i, m., the planet Saturn, Hor. C. 2, 17, 23.
Hence,

  1. A. Sāturnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Saturn, Saturnian: stella, i. e. the planet Saturn, Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17: mons, an ancient name of the Capitoline Hill, acc. to Varr. L. L. 5, § 42 Müll., and Fest. p. 322 ib.: terra, i. e. Latium, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 42 ib. (Ann. v. 25 Vahl.); Ov. F. 5, 625; also, tellus, Verg. A. 8, 329; and arva, id. ib. 1, 569; in a wider sense: tellus, for Italy, id. G. 2, 173: regna, i. e. the golden age, id. E. 4, 6: proles, i. e. Picus, a son of Saturn, Ov. M. 14, 320: gens, i. e. the Italians, id. F. 1, 237: Juno, as daughter of Saturn, Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 4, 576 (Ann. v. 65 Vahl.); Verg. A. 12, 156; Ov. M. 4, 447: Juppiter, id. ib. 9, 242; also pater (sc. Superum), Verg. A. 4, 372; Ov. M. 1, 163: domitor maris, i. e. Neptune, Verg. A. 5, 799: virgo, i. e. Vesta, Ov. F. 6, 383: versus, the Saturnian verse, the oldest kind of metre among the Romans, in use down to the time of Ennius, Fest. s. v. Saturnus, p. 325 Müll.; cf. of the same, numerus, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 158: carmen, Ter. Maur. p. 2439: metrum, Diom. p. 512; v. Herm. Doctr. Metr. III. 9, and Bernhardy, Röm. Lit. p. 70 sq.
    1. 2. Substt.
      1. a. Sāturnĭus, ii, m.
        1. (α) Jupiter, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 1113 P. (Ann. v. 444 Vahl.); Ov. M. 8, 703; Claud. Gigant. 16.
        2. (β) Pluto, Ov. M. 5, 420.
        3. (γ) Sātur-nĭi, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of the old town of Saturnia, on the Capitoline Hill, acc. to Fest. p. 325 Müll.
      2. b. Sāturnĭa, ae, f.
        1. (α) Juno, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 1103 P. (Ann. v. 483 Vahl.); Verg. A. 1, 23; Ov. F. 1, 265; 2, 191; 5, 235; id. M. 1, 612 et saep.
        2. (β) The town built by Saturn on the Capitoline Hill, the fabled beginning of Rome, acc. to Varr. L. L. 5, § 42 Müll.; Verg. A. 8, 358; Ov. F. 6, 31; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 68; Fest. p. 322 Müll.
  2. B. Sāturnālis, e, adj., of or belonging to Saturn, Saturnian; as an adj. only with festum, = Saturnalia.
    1. 2. Subst.: Sāturnālĭa, iōrum, ibus (cf. on the gen.: certum est licito et Saturnalium et Saturnaliorum dici, Macr. S. 1, 4; Ruddim. 1, p. 97; v. also Bacchanalia, Compitalia, Vinalia, and the like), a general festival in honor of Saturn, beginning on the 17th of December and lasting several days; the Saturnalia, Macr. S. 1, 7 sq.; Liv. 2, 21 sq.; Varr. L. L. 6, § 22 Müll.; Fest. s. v. ferias, p. 86 ib.; Cato, R. R. 57, 2; Varr. L. L. 5, § 64 Müll.; Cat. 14, 15; Cic. Att. 5, 20, 5; id. Cat. 3, 4, 10; Liv. 22, 1 fin.; Hor. S. 2, 3, 5 et saep.: prima, i. e. the first day of the Saturnalia, Liv. 30, 36 Drak. N. cr.: secunda, tertia, the second, third day of the Saturnalia, Cic. Att. 13, 52, 1.
      Transf.: vestra Saturnalia, said of the feriae matronales, as the festival of the women, Mart. 5, 84, 11.
      Prov.: non semper Saturnalia erunt, every day cannot be a holiday, Sen. Apoc. 12, § 2.
      Hence,
      1. b. Sāturnālĭcĭus or -tĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Saturnalia, Saturnalian (post-Aug.): tributum, i.e. a presen given on the Saturnalia, Mart. 10, 17, 1: nuces, id. 5, 30, 8; 7, 91, 2: versus, id. 5, 19, 11.
  3. C. Sāturnĭăcus, a, um, adj., of Saturn (late Lat.), Aug. c. Faust. 20, 13.

sătŭro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [satur], to fill, glut, cloy, satiate (rare but class.; syn. satio).

  1. I. Lit.: animalia duce naturā mammas appetunt earumque ubertate saturantur, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128: armenta, Verg. A. 8, 213: nec cytiso saturantur apes, id. E. 10, 30: caede leones, Ov. M. 10, 541; id. Am. 2, 16, 25: testudines, Plin. 9, 10, 12, § 36: saturabat glebula talis Patrem ipsum, Juv. 14, 166: famem, i. e. to satisfy, appease, Claud. Phoen. 13; Vulg. Deut. 14, 29 et saep.
    1. B. Transf., in gen., to fill, furnish abundantly, saturate with a thing (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): nec saturare fimo pingui pudeat sola, Verg. G. 1, 80: novalia stercore, Col. 2, 9, 15: betam multo stercore, Pall. Febr. 24, 10: jejunia terrae fimo, Col. poët. 10, 82: culta aquis, i. e. to water, irrigate, Mart. 8, 28, 4; cf.: pallam Tyrio murice, to saturate, to dye or color richly, Ov. M. 11, 166; Mart. 8, 48, 5; Claud. in Ruf. 1, 208: capillum multo amomo, to anoint, Stat. S. 3, 4, 82: tabulas pice, to smear, cover, Vitr. 10, 11 fin.; cf.: aditus murium querno cinere, Pall. 1, 35, 11: horrea, to fill, stuff, Lucil. Aetn. 266.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. In gen., to fill, satisfy, content, sate: mens erecta saturataque bonarum cogitationum epulis, Cic. Div. 1, 29, 61: homines saturati honoribus, id. Planc. 8, 20: ex eorum agris atque urbibus expleti atque saturati cum hoc cumulo quaestus decederent, id. Verr. 2, 3, 42, § 100: saturavi perfidiam et scelus proditorum, id. Dom. 17, 44; Cat. 64, 220: saturavit se sanguine civium, Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 59: crudelitatem, to satisfy, sate, id. Vatin. 3, 6.
      In a Gr. construction: Juno necdum antiquum saturata dolorem, not yet satisfied or assuaged, Verg. A. 5, 608.
    2. * B. In partic., subject. (for the usu. satio), to cause to loathe, to make weary of or disgusted with a thing: hae res vitae me saturant, * Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 18.
      Hence, sătŭ-rātus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B.); of color, full, rich: color saturatior, Plin. 21, 8, 22, § 46.