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bāca (less correctly bacca), ae, f. [acc. to Benfey, for bacsa, kindred with Sanscr. bhaksh, edere, vorare; cf. also bhaxa, food; but v. Vani[cbreve]ek, Etym. Wörterb. 2, p. 561], a small round fruit, a berry.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen. (cf.: acinus, glans): virgas murteas cum bacis servare, Cato, R. R. 101; Ov. M. 11, 234: lauri, Verg. G. 1, 306: tinus, Ov. M. 10, 98: ebuli, Verg. E. 10, 27: cupressi, Plin. 16, 27, 50, § 115: platani, id. 15, 7, 7, § 29: hyssopi, id. 26, 12, 76, § 124 al.
    2. B. Esp. freq. the olive: agricola cum florem oleae videt, bacam quoque se visurum putat, Cic. Div. 2, 6, 16; Hor. S. 2, 4, 69; id. Ep. 1, 16, 2; Ov. M. 6, 81; 8, 295; cf. Mart. 13, 101.
    3. C. Esp., absol., in the poets of the olive, Hor. C. 2, 6, 16: quot Sicyon bacas, quot parit Hybla favos, Ov. P. 4, 15, 10.
      As sacred to Minerva: ponitur hic bicolor sincerae baca Minervae, Ov. M. 8, 664; 13, 653.
      And of the fruit of the wild olive-tree, Ov. M. 14, 525; cf. Verg. G. 2, 183.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. In gen., any fruit of a tree, * Lucr. 5, 1363: arbores seret diligens agricola, quarum aspiciet bacam ipse numquam, Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 31: fruges terrae, bacaeque arborum, id. Div. 1, 51, 116; so id. Sen. 2, 5: rami bacarum ubertate incurvescere, id. poët. ap. Tusc. 1, 28, 69 (Trag. Rel. inc. inc. v. 135 Rib.); cf. id. de Or. 3, 38, 154: semen inclusum est in intimā parte earum bacarum, quae ex quāque stirpe funduntur, id. N. D. 2, 51, 127: fruges atque bacae, id. Leg. 1, 8, 25: felices, Sil. 15, 535.
    2. B. That which is like a berry in shape.
      1. 1. A pearl: marita, quae Onusta bacis ambulet, Hor. Epod. 8, 14: aceto Diluit insignem bacam, id. S. 2, 3, 241; so Ov. M. 10, 116; 10, 265; Verg. Cul. 67; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 592; id. Nupt. Hon. et Mar. 167; id. Laud. Stil. 2, 88; id. VI. Cons. Hon. 528.
      2. 2. The dung of sheep or goats, Pall. Jan. 14, 3.
      3. 3. A link of a chain in the shape of a berry, Prud. στεφ. 1, 46; so id. Psych. prooem. 33.

* bācālĭa, ae. f. [baca], a kind of laurel abounding in berries, Plin. 15, 30, 39, § 129.

bācālis, e, adj. [baca], bearing berries: laurus, Plin. 17, 10, 11, § 60.

bacalusĭa, ae, f., a kind of sweetmeat, Petr. 41 init. (dub.; cf. Büchel. ad loc.).

Bacānal, v. Bacchanal init.

‡ bacar, a wine-vessel similar to the bacrio, a wine-glass, Fest. p. 25; cf. Commod. p. 344.

bācātus, a, um, Part. of a verb not otherwise in use, bāco, āre [baca, II. B. 1.], set or adorned with pearls, pearl- (very rare): monile, * Verg. A. 1, 655; Sil. 8, 134; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 41.

bacca, baccālis, etc., v. baca, bacalis, etc.

† baccar (bacchar), ăris, n. (baccăris, is, f., Plin. 12, 12, 26, § 45), = βάκχᾰρις, a plant having a fragrant root, from which an oil was expressed; also called nardum rusticum (cf. Plin. 12, 12, 26, § 45); acc. to Sprengel it is the Celtic valerian: Valeriana Celtica. Linn.; Plin. 21, 6, 16, § 29; Verg. E. 4, 19 (baccar herba est, quae facinum depellit, Serv.); 7, 27.

1. Baccha (old orthog. Baca; v. S. C. Bacch.; Bacca, Plaut. Aul. 3, 1, 4 Wagn.; Bacche, Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 41), ae, f., = Βάκχη; cf. also Μαινάς or Θυϊάς,

  1. I. a Bacchanet, a female attendant of Bacchus, who, in company with Silenus and the Satyrs, celebrated the festival of that deity with a raving madness carried even to insensibility, with an ivy crown upon her head, a fawn-skin upon her left shoulder, a staff wound with ivy in her hand, and with hair loose and flying wildly about, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71; id. Aul. 3, 1, 3; id. Cas. 5, 4, 9; id. Bacch. 3, 1, 4; 1, 1, 19; Varr. L. L. 7, § 87 Müll.; Ov. M. 4, 25; 6, 587 sq.; 9, 642; 11, 89; id. Tr. l. l.; id. H. 10, 48; id. F. 6, 507; Prop. 3 (4), 22, 33; Luc. 5, 74 (Matres Edonides, Ov. M. 11, 69; v. Bacchus).
    Represented in paintings: Bacchas istas cum Musis Metelli comparas, Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 2: Bacchis initiare aliquem, to initiate into the festivals of Bacchus, Liv. 39, 9, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.; 39, 10, 2; 39, 14, 8.
    In a pun with Bacchis (q. v. II.): quia Bacchis, Bacchas metuo et Bacchanal tuom, Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 19; cf. id. ib. 3, 1, 4; v. Bacchis.
    Hence,
  2. II. Deriv.: Bacchēus, a, um, adj., = Βάκχειος, relating to the Bacchœ or Bacchantes, Bacchantian: vox, Col. 10, 223: sanguis, spilt by them, Stat. Th. 1, 328: bella, id. ib. 12, 791.

‡ 2. Baccha, ae, f., a kind of Spanish wine, Varr. L. L. 7, § 87 Müll.

bacchābundus, a, um, adj. [bacchor], revelling in the manner of the Bacchantes, boisterous, noisy, ranting, raving (post-Aug. and rare; cf. bacchans): agmen, Curt. 9, 10, 27; App. Mag. p. 326, 8.

Bacchaeus = Baccheus, v. Bacchus, II. C.

Bacchānal (old orthog. Bacānal, v. S. C. Bacch. A. V. C. 568, Wordsworth, Fragm. and Spec. p. 172: baccānal, Plaut. Aul. 3, 1, 3), ālis, n. [from Bacchus, like Fagutal, Frutinal, Lupercal, etc.; v. App. 1 to the Pref.],

  1. I. a place devoted to Bacchus, the place where the festivals of Bacchus were celebrated: NE QVIS EORVM BACANAL HABVISE VELET, S. C. Bacch. v. 4: EA BACANALIA … IN DIEBVS X … FACIATIS VTEI DISMOTA SIENT, ib. v. 28: ad Baccas veni in Baccanal, Plaut. Aul. 3, 1, 3: aperire, id. ib. 8: Bacchanalia, Liv. 39, 18, 7.
  2. II. Transf., in the plur.: Bacchānālia, ium (gen. sometimes Bacchananorum, Sall. H. 3, 79 Dietsch; Firm. Mat. Err. Prof. Relig. 6, 9), a feast of Bacchus, the orgies of Bacchus (diff. from the Roman festival of Liber; v. Liberalia); celebrated once in three years, at night, and in the most tumultuous and licentious manner (cf. Smith, Antiq.); hence, prohibited in Rome, A.U.C. 568, B.C. 186, by a decree of the Senate, Senatusconsultum de Bacchanalibus, which is yet preserved (v. Wordsworth, Fragm. and Spec. p. 172 sq.); Liv. 39, 9, 3; 39, 12, 4; 39, 16, 10; 39, 18, 7 sq.; 39, 41, 6; Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 37; Tac. H. 2, 68.
    Rarely in sing.: Bacchanal facere, Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 43 Lorenz ad loc.; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 20; so, exercere, id Suppos Amph Tun’ me mactes? v. 12: habere, in the abovementioned S. C.
    Poet.: Bacchanalia vivere, to live in the manner of the Bacchantes, to live riotously and wantonly, Juv. 2, 3.

Bacchānālis, e, adj. [Bacchus], relating to Bacchus, Bacchanalian: sacra, Val. Max. 1, 3, n. 1: festum = Bacchanalia, Macr. S. 1, 4; Aur. Vict. Caes. 3.

bacchar and bacchăris, v. baccar.

Baccharia, ae, f., the name of a lost play of Plautus, Macr. S. 2, 12.

* bacchātim, adv. [bacchor], in the manner of the Bacchœ or Bacchantes, in a riotous, wanton manner, App. M. 1, p. 108, 3.

bacchātĭo, ōnis, f. [bacchor].

  1. I. A celebrating of the orgies of Bacchus, Hyg. Fab. 4; 8.
    Hence.
  2. II. A revelling, raving, in the manner of the Bacchœ (rare): sileatur de nocturnis ejus baccationibus ac vigiliis, * Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33.

Bacchēĭs, ĭdis, adj. f., of or pertaining to Bacchis, the ancestor of the Corinthian Bacchiadœ; hence, poet. for Corinthian: Ephyres Baccheidos altum Culmen, i. e. Corinth, Stat. S. 2, 2, 34.

Bacchēĭus, a, um, v. 1. Bacchus, II. D.

Bacchēus, a, um.

  1. I. Of Bacchus, Bacchic; v.1. Bacchus, II. C.
  2. II. Bacchantian; v.1. Baccha fin.

‡ bacchĭa, ae, f., a kind of drinking vessel, a goblet, bowl, Isid. Orig. 20, 5, 4.

Bacchĭădae, ārum, m., = Βακχιάδαι, the Bacchiadœ, a very ancient royal family of Corinth, descended from Bacchis, one of the Heraclidœ, which, being expelled from the throne by Cypselus, wandered to Sicily, and founded Syracuse, Ov. M. 5, 407; Plin. 35, 12, 43, § 152 (cf. Aelian, V. H. 1, 19; Pausan. Corinth. p. 120; Strabo, 8, p. 260).

Bacchĭcus, v. 1. Bacchus, II. A.

Bacchĭlĭdĭum (metrum) constat dimetro (troch.) hypercatalecto, ut est hoc: floribus corona texitur, Serv. Centim. p. 1819 P.

Bacchis, ĭdis, f., = Βακχίς.

  1. I. = 1. Baccha, q. v.
  2. II. The name of a woman in the Hec. and Heaut. of Terence; and, in plur., Bacchides, the name of a comedy of Plautus (derived from the twin sisters, Bacchides, the chief personages of the piece): Bacchides non Bacchides, set Bacchae sunt acerrumae, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 1, 4.

* Bacchĭsŏnus, a, um, adj. [Bacchussono], sounding of Bacchus, Paul. Nol. Nat. XI. S. Fel. 281 Murat.

1. Bacchĭus, a, um, v.1. Bacchus, II. B.

2. Bacchīus, a, um, v.1. Bacchus, II. E.

3. Bacchīus, ii, m., = Βάκχειος, a Greek proper name; esp.,

  1. I. Bacchius Milesius, a writer on agriculture, Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 8; Col. 1, 1, 9.
  2. II. (Scanned Bacchĭus.) A gladiator, Hor. S. 1, 7, 20.

bacchor, ātus (part. pres. gen. plur. bacchantum; v. I. fin. infra), 1, v. dep. [Bacchus].

  1. I. Lit., to celebrate the festival of Bacchus: Baccha bacchans, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71: saxea ut effigies bacchantis prospicit Evoe, i. e. which cries Evoe in the orgies, Cat. 64, 61; 64, 255: cum aliquo, Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 8.
    Hence, P. a. as subst.: bacchan-tes, um, f., Bacchae, the Bacchantes: passis Medea capillis Bacchantum ritu, Ov.M. 7, 258; 3, 703; Curt. 8, 10, 15; gen. Bacchantium, id. 9, 10, 24.
    1. B. Pass. (as in later Gr. βακχεύεσθαι, βακχευθῆναι) of the place in which the orgies of Bacchus were celebrated: virginibus bacchata Lacaenis Taygeta, Verg. G. 2, 487 Heyn.: bacchata jugis Naxos, id. A. 3, 125: Dindyma sanguineis famulum bacchata lacertis, Val. Fl. 3, 20: ita obsoletum sono furenter ab omni parti bacchatur nemus, Santra ap. Non. p. 78, 28: ululatibus Ide bacchatur, Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 206.
  2. II. Transf., in gen., to revel, rave, rant, like the Bacchœ (of every species of mental excitement, love, hatred, joy, etc.; mostly poet. and in more elevated prose): quibus gaudiis exsultabis? quantā in voluptate bacchabere? Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26: furor in vestrā caede bacchantis, id. ib. 4, 6, 11; id. Har. Resp. 18, 39: non ego sanius Bacchabor Edonis, Hor. C. 2, 7, 26; Col. poët. 10, 198; * Suet. Calig. 56; Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 213; id. VI. Cons. Hon. 192.
    Of murderous fury: tantā in illos caede bacchati sunt, Vulg. Judic. 20, 25.
    So of poet. inspiration, Stat. S. 1, 2, 258; and with carmen as object: grande Sophocleo carmen bacchamur hiatu, Juv. 6, 636; cf.: furebant Euhoe bacchantes, raving to the cry of Euhoe, Cat. 64, 255; 64, 61.
    Also, to go or run about in a wanton, wild, raving, or furious manner: animans Omne, quod in magnis bacchatur montibu’ passim, * Lucr. 5, 822: saevit inops animi, totamque incensa per urbem Bacchatur, Verg. A. 4, 301 ( = discursitat, Heyne): immanis in antro Bacchatur vates, raves, is inspired, id. ib. 6, 78; 7, 385: infelix virgo totā bacchatur in urbe, id. Cir. 166.
    Hence,
    1. B. Transf. to inanimate things, to be furious, rage with fury, etc., to be impetuous, etc.
      1. 1. So of a vessel of wine that is filled very often: ubi bacchabatur aula, casabant cadi, Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 41 Lorenz ad loc.
      2. 2. Of winds: Thracio bacchante magis sub interlunia vento, Hor. C. 1, 25, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 29.
        Of violent rain, Val. Fl. 6, 632.
      3. 3. Of a rumor: concussam bacchatur fama per urbem, spreads rapidly, Verg A. 4, 666.
      4. 4. Of enthusiastic, raging discourse: quod eos, quorum altior oratio actioque esset ardentior furere et bacchari arbitraretur, Cic. Brut. 80, 276: vitiosum dicendi genus, quod inanibus locis bacchatur, etc., Quint. 12, 10, 73.

1. Bacchus, i, m., = Βάκχος,

  1. I. son of Jupiter and a Theban woman, Semele, Tib. 3, 4, 45; Ov. F. 6, 485: bis genitus (since, as Semele died before his birth, he was carried about by Jupiter in his hip until the time of his maturity), Curt. 8, 10, 12, Ov. Tr. 5, 3, 26; cf. id. M. 3, 310, and bimatris, id. ib. 4, 12; v. also Cic. Fl. 26, 60; Verg. G. 4, 521; the god of wine (as such also called Liber, the deliverer, Lyæus (λύειν), the care-dispeller; cf. Enn. ap. Charis. p. 214 P., or Trag. Rel. v. 149 Vahl.; cf Hor. Epod. 9, 38; as intoxicating and inspiring, he is god of poets, esp. of the highly inspired, Ov. Am. 3, 1, 23; 3, 15, 17; id. Tr. 5, 3, 33 sq.; Hor. C. 2, 19, 1; Juv. 7, 64; who wore crowns of ivy, which was consecrated to him, Ov. Tr. 5, 3, 15: Bacchica verba (poëtae), id ib. 1, 7, 2.
    He was worshipped esp. in Thrace and Macedonia, and particularly upon Mount Edon, Hor. C. 2, 7, 27; hence, the Bacchæ are called matres Edonides, Ov. M. 11, 69; id. Tr. 4, 1, 42; v. also Liber.
    Bacchus, in the most ancient times, is represented as a god of nature by a Phallic Herma (v. such a statue in O. Müll. Denkm. 4); in the class. per. in the form of a beautiful youth (Tib. 1, 4, 37; Ov. F. 3, 773), with a crown of vine leaves or ivy upon his head, and sometimes with small horns upon his forehead (id. ib. 3, 481; 3, 767; 6, 483); hence, corymbifer, Ov. F. 1, 393; Tib. 2, 1, 3; Paul. ex Fest. s. v. cornua, p. 37 Müll.; his soft hair fell in long ringlets upon his shoulders (depexus crinibus, Ov. F. 3, 465; cf. id. M. 3, 421); with the exception of a fawn’s skin (νεβρίς) thrown around him, he was usually represented naked, but with high and beautiful buskins, the Dionysian cothurni, upon his feet; in his hand he, as well as his attendants (a satyr, Silenus, and the Bacchæ), carried the thyrsus (id. F. 3, 764; cf. id. M. 4, 7 sq.); cf. O. Müll. Arch. § 383.
    1. B. Meton.
      1. 1. The cry or invocation to Bacchus, lo Bacche! audito Baccho, Verg. A. 4, 302.
      2. 2. The vine: apertos Bacchus amat colles, Verg. G. 2, 113; Manil. 5, 238; Luc. 9, 433; Col. 10, 38; cf. fertilis, Hor. C. 2, 6, 19.
      3. 3. Wine: Bacchi quom flos evanuit, Lucr. 3, 222: madeant generoso pocula Baccho, Tib. 3, 6, 5: et multo in primis hilarans convivia Baccho, Verg. E. 5, 69; so id. G. 1, 344; 4, 279; id. A. 5, 77; Hor. C. 3, 16, 34; Ov. M. 4, 765; 6, 488; 7, 246; 7, 450; 13, 639; cf.: Bacchi Massicus umor. Verg. G. 2, 143.
  2. II. Hence, derivv.
    1. A. Bac-chĭcus, a, um, adj., = Βακχικος, of Bacchus, Bacchic: serta, Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 2; Mart. 7, 62: buxus, Stat. Th. 9, 479: Naxos, id. Achill. 2, 4: ritus, Macr. S. 1, 18: metrum, Diom. p. 513 P.
    2. B. Bacchĭus, a, um, adj., = Βάκχιος, of Bacchus: sacra, Ov. M. 3, 518.
    3. C. Bacchēus, a, um, adj., = Βάκχειος, Bacchic: ululatus, Ov. M. 11, 17: sacra, the feast of Bacchus, id. ib. 3, 691: cornua, Stat. Th. 9, 435.
    4. D. Bacchēĭ-us, a, um, the same: dona, i. e. wine, Verg. G. 2, 454 (prob. a spurious verse; v. Forbig. ad loc.).
    5. E. Bacchīus, a, um, adj., Bacchic: pes, a metrical foot, a Bacchius, ––⏑ (e. g. Rōmānŭs), Ter. Maur. p. 2414 P., although others reverse this order; v. Quint. 9, 4, 82; Ascon. Div. in Caecil. 7; Don. p. 1739 P.

2. Bacchus, i, m., a sea-fish, also called myxon, Plin. 9, 17, 28, § 61; 32, 7, 25, § 77; 32, 11, 53, § 145.

Bacchylĭdēs, is, m., = Βακχυλίδης, a Greek lyric poet of Ceos, a nephew of Simonides, who lived about 470 B.C., Amm. 25, 4, 3.
Hence, Bacchylĭdĭus, a, um, adj., of Bacchylides: metrum, Serv. Centim. 2, 5, p. 1819 P.

* bacciballum (basioballum), i, n., a word of uncertain meaning, found only in Petr. 61.

baccĭfer, v. bacifer.

baccīna, ae, f., a plant, also called Apollinaris, App. Herb. 22.

Băcēnis (Βακέννη), a great forest in Germany; doubtless the western part of the Thuringian Forest, in Fulda, Caes. B. G. 6, 10.

* bacĕŏlus, used by Augustus for stultus [prob. from βάκηλος ὁ ἀνόητος, Hesych.], acc. to Suet. Aug. 87.

bācĭfer, fĕra, fĕrum, adj. [baca-fero].

  1. I. Bearing berries: taxus, Plin. 16, 10, 20, § 50 (al. leg. bacas fert): hedera, Sen. Oedip. 414.
  2. II. Acc. to baca, I. B., bearing olives: Pallas, Ov. Am. 2, 16, 8: Sabinus, Sil. 3, 596.

băcillum, i, n. (băcillus, i, m., Isid. Orig. 20, 13, 1) dim. [baculus],

  1. I. a small staff, a wand, Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 33; id. Div. 1, 17, 30 dub.; Varr. R. R. 1, 50, 2; Juv. 3, 28.
  2. II. Esp., the wand or staff of the lictor: anteibant lictores, non cum bacillis, sed cum fascibus, Cic. Agr. 2, 34, 93.

1. Bacis, ĭdis, m. (Βάκις, ιδος, Pausan.), a soothsayer of Bœotia, Cic. Div. 1, 18, 34.

2. Bacis (Bacchis, Pacis), acc. Bacem, a sacred bull, worshipped at Hermonthis in Upper Egypt, Macr. S. 1, 21.

‡ bacrio, ōnis, m., a kind of vessel with a long handle, a ladle: i. q. trulla, Paul. ex Fest. p. 31 Müll.

Bactra, ōrum (Bactrum, i, Plin. 6, 16, 18, § 48), n., = Βάκτρα,

  1. I. the chief city of Bactria or Bactriana, now Balkh, Verg. G. 2, 138; Prop. 3 (4), 1, 16; 3, 11 (4, 10), 26; Hor. C. 3, 29, 28; Curt. 7, 4, 31; cf. Sil. 13, 764; Amm. 23, 6, 58.
    Transf., = Bactri, the Bactrians, Verg. A. 8, 688.
  2. II. Derivv.
    1. A. Bactri, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Bactriana, Mel. 1, 2, 5; Varr. ap. Plin. 6, 17, 19, § 52; Plin. 6, 16, 18, § 48.
    2. B. Bac-trĭa, ae. f., the country of the Bactrians, Bactria, Plin. 8, 18, 26, § 67.
    3. C. Bactrĭ-ānus, a, um, adj.
      1. 1. Relating to the city of Bactra, of Bactra: regio, Curt. 6, 6, 18: arx, id. 9, 7, 2: terra, id. 7, 4, 26: smaragdi, Plin. 37, 45, 17, § 65.
      2. 2. Relating to the kingdom of Bactriana, Bactrian; hence, Bactriāni, ōrum, m., = Bactri, the Bactrians, Plin. 6, 23, 25, § 92; Curt. 7, 4, 13; 7, 4, 20; 7, 4, 25; Tac. A. 11, 8; Amm. 23, 6, 57.
        In sing., collect. for the land of Bactriana, Tac. A. 2, 60.
        Also, Bactriāna, ae, f. (sc. terra), = Bactria, Plin. 12, 9, 19, § 35.
    4. D. Bactrīnus, a, um, adj., Bactrian: camelus, App. M. 7, p. 194, 4.
    5. E. Bac-trĭus, a, um, adj., the same: Halcyoneus, Ov. M. 5, 135.

† bactrŏperita, ae, m. [βάκτρον, a staff—πήρα, pouch], furnished with or carrying staff and pouch; a nickname for a Cynic philosopher, Hier. Matth. 10; cf. Hor. S. 1, 3, 134; Mart. 4, 53.

Bactrum, v. Bactra init.

Bactrus (-ŏs), i, m., = Βάκτρος, a river near Bactra, now Dehas, Curt. 7, 4, 31; Luc. 3, 267; cf. Isid. Orig. 13, 21, 14; 14, 3, 30; 15, 1, 11; 9, 2, 43.

bācŭla, ae, f. dim. [baca], a small berry, Plin. 25, 8, 54, § 96; Arn. 1, p. 2; 2, p. 58; 5, p. 159.

băcŭlum, i, n. (băcŭlus, i, m., rare, and not before the Aug. period; Ov. M. 2, 789; id. F. 1, 177; App. M. 7, p. 194, 30; Aus. Epigr. 53; Isid. Orig. 20, 13, 1; Vulg. Gen. 38, 25; id. Psa. 22, 4; cf. bacillum), [like βάκτρον, from root ba- of βάξω, βιβάξω, βαίνω, to go = Sanscr. ga], a stick, staff, as a support in walking (class.; while scipio is a staff for ornament, and fustis a stick for beating; Doed. Syn. III. p. 266 sqq.; but later used in all these signiff.; cf. bacillum): proximus lictor, Sextius, converso baculo oculos misero tundere coepit, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142: baculum agreste, Ov. M. 15, 655: pastorale, Sil. 13, 334; Ov. M. 8, 218; 14, 655; 15, 659; 6, 27; 8, 693; id. F. 1, 177; Claud. Epigr. 2, 3; 2, 26; 2, 484: baculi crassitudo, Plin. 20, 23, 96, § 255.
So, baculum (-us) et pera, staff and pouch, badges of Cynic philosophers, Mart. 4, 53; App. Mag. p. 288, 6; Aus. Epigr. 53 (cf. bactroperita); Cels. 8, 20; Vitr. 10, 6; Plin. 30, 14, 44, § 129 Gron.; cf.: in baculo me transivi Jordanum istum, i.e. as a poor pilgrim, Vulg. Gen. 32, 10.
Also, the augural staff or lituus, Liv. 1, 18, 7.
A sceptre: baculum aureum (regis) berylli distinguebant, Curt. 9, 1, 30; Flor. 3, 19, 10; cf. id. 4, 11, 3.
And of the sceptre on the stage, in tragic representations, Suet. Ner. 24 Oud.: corpora serpentum baculi violaverat ictu, Ov. M. 3, 325; Col. 2, 20 (21), 4: summa papaverum capita dicitur baculo decussisse, Liv. 1, 54, 6: baculorum subactiones, blows with small staves, sticks, Vitr. 2, 4; 7, 3.

  1. B. In eccl. Lat. from baculus; trop., a support, stay: an speras in baculo arundineo, Vulg. 4 Reg. 18, 21: baculum senectutis nostrae, id. Tob. 10, 4.
    1. 2. As instrument of wrath, rod, Vulg. Isa. 10, 24.