Lewis & Short

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culpa, ae, f. [kindr. in root with scelus; cf. Sanscr. skhal-, errare], crime, fault, blame, failure, defect (as a state worthy of punishment; on the contr. delictum, peccatum, etc., as punishable acts; diff. from scelus, which implies an intentional injury of others; but culpa includes in it an error in judgment).

  1. I. Prop.
    1. A. In gen. (very freq. in every period and species of composition): delictum suum Suamque ut culpam expetere in mortalem sinat, Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 33; cf.: non C. Rabirium culpa delicti, non invidia vitae … in discrimen capitis vocaverunt, Cic. Rab. Perd. 1, 2: in hoc uno genere omnis inesse culpas istius maximas avaritiae, majestatis, dementiae, libidinis, crudelitatis, id. Verr. 2, 5, 17, § 42: et culpam in facto, non scelus esse meo, Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 24 et saep.: quicquid hujus factum’st culpa, non factum’st mea, Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 10: is quidem In culpā non est, to blame, in fault, id. Hec. 4, 4, 78; cf. id. ib. 3, 1, 19: praesidio ad eorum, qui in culpā essent, timorem uti, Cic. Fam. 15, 2, 7: malo Tironis verecundiam in culpā esse, quam inliberalitatem Curii, id. Att. 8, 6, 3; id. Planc. 4, 10; cf.: ut jam sit in iis culpa, qui, etc., id. Fam. 1, 9, 13: tua culpa nonnulla est, you are somewhat to blame, not without fault, id. ib. 3, 8, 6: sed haec mea culpa est, id. Brut. 35, 133: ne penes ipsos culpa esset cladis, Liv. 5, 36, 10: penes Aetolos culpam belli esse, id. 35, 33, 3; Sen. Ben. 7, 18, 2; Plin. Ep. 10, 30 (39), 2: culpa, quae te est penes, Ter. hec. 4, 1, 20: culpa abest ab aliquo, Quint. 11, 1, 64: aliquem extra culpam belli esse judicare, Liv. 8, 19, 10: in mutum confers culpam, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 55: conferre in aliquem, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 96; Caes. B. G. 4, 27; Cic. Sen. 5, 14 al.; cf.: culpam transferre in aliquem, Ter. And. 2, 3, 5; Cic. Att. 15, 28; id. Font. 8, 18: suam quisque culpam auctores ad negotia transferunt, Sall. J. 1, 4: contrahere culpam, Cic. Att. 11, 24, 1: culpam non modo derivare in aliquem, sed communicare cum altero, id. Verr. 2, 2, 20, § 49: in culpā ponere aliquem, id. Clu. 45, 127: indecorant bene nata (pectora) culpae, Hor. C. 4, 4, 36; 4, 15, 11: seraque fata, Quae manent culpas etiam sub Orco, id. ib. 3, 11, 29; App. Dogm. Plat. 2, p. 28, 5; Arn. 1, p. 27.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. 1. The crime of unchastity, a faux pas (cf. crimen, II. A. 2.), Ov. M. 2, 37 et saep.; Verg. A. 4, 19; 4, 172; Hor. C. 3, 27, 38; 3, 6, 17; Tac. A. 3, 24 et saep.
      2. 2. Mostly in jurid. Lat., the fault of remissness, neglect, Dig. 17, 2, 72; 18, 1, 68; 42, 5, 8, § 3: nec sum facturus (rem) vitio culpāve minorem, Hor. S. 2, 6, 6.
  2. II. Meton., any thing mischievous or injurious, mischief: continuo culpam (sc. ovem aegram) ferro compesce, Verg. G. 3, 468: sedula (i. e. meretrix), Prop. 4 (5), 5, 20.
    1. B. Of things, a fault, defect: operum et laudes et culpae, Vitr. 3, 1, 4.

culpābĭlis, e, adj. [culpa], worthy of blame, culpable, criminal (post-class.): aliquid (opp. laudabile), App. Mag. p. 223: opinio de diis (opp. digna), Arn. 7, p. 222.
Comp.: tanto culpabilius est, non observare quod possis, Tert. ad Uxor. 2, 1.
Adv.: culpābĭlĭter, culpably, Symm. Ep. 9, 40.
Comp., Paul. Nol. Ep. 39, 4; Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 17, 172.

* culpātĭo, ōnis, f. [culpo], a reproach, blame, Gell. 10, 22, 2.

culpātus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from culpo.

culpo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [culpa].

  1. I. To reproach or blame a person or thing as wrong or faulty, to censure, reprove, disapprove, condemn (syn.: reprehendo, vitupero; opp. laudo, probo, etc.; rare; mostly post-Aug.; never in the Cic. per.).
        1. a. With personal objects: quos modo culpavi, Ov. M. 10, 581: illum, Quint. 8, 4, 23: alium, id. 4, 2, 26: Neronem, Suet. Vit. Pers.
          Pass.: laudatur (prodigus) ab his, culpatur ab illis, Hor. S. 1, 2, 11; 1, 4, 25; id. C. 4, 5, 20; Quint. 3, 6, 60: cum ob id culparetur, Suet. Caes. 72: sola est, in quā merito culpetur, pecuniae cupiditas, id. Vesp. 16 init.: num culpandus est qui coepit? Plin. Ep. 7, 17, 4; 9, 19, 8.
        2. b. With things as objects: hoc (opp. laudare), Plaut. Bacch. 3, 2, 13: quod, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 96: faciem deae, Ov. M. 11, 322: versus duros (with reprehendere inertes), Hor. A. P. 446: statuas, Mart. 9, 60, 12: modum praemii poenaeve, Quint. 2, 4, 38: factum ipsum, Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 15: plura culpanda sunt quam laudanda, id. ib. 5, 8, 13.
        3. c. Absol.: culpetne probetne, Ov. M. 3, 256; 9, 524; Hor. S. 1, 4, 82.
          Hence, subst.: culpanda, ōrum, n., things deserving censure: et probandorum et culpandorum ex iis confirmatio eosdem gradus habet, Quint. 5, 11, 7.
  2. II. Culpare aliquid, to declare something as a crime, to impute a fault to, to complain of, find fault with: arbore nunc aquas Culpante, etc., Hor. C. 3, 1, 31; cf.: agrorum infecunditatem, Col. 1, prooem. § 1: culpantur frustra calami, Hor. S. 2, 3, 7.
    Hence, culpā-tus, a, um, P. a.
    1. A. Worthy of reproach, blamable: Paris, Verg. A. 2, 602: culpatius esse arbitror, Gell. 11, 7, 1.
    2. B. Corrupted, spoiled: vinum, Macr. S. 7, 6.