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classĭārĭus, i, m. [classis, 1. B. 2.], pertaining to the navy: centurio, a captain of a ship, Tac. A. 14, 8; cf. Inscr. Orell. 3617.
More freq. as subst.: classĭārĭi, ōrum, m., marines, naval forces, Caes. B. C. 3, 100; Nep. Milt. 7, 3; id. Them. 3, 2; Tac. A. 4, 27; 12, 56; 15, 51; Suet. Tib. 62; id. Galb. 12; id. Oth. 8; id. Vesp. 8.

* classĭcŭla, ae, f. dim. [classis, 1. B. 2.], a little fleet, flotilla, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 4.

classĭcum, i, v. classicus, II. B. 1.

classĭcus, a, um, adj. [classis], of or belonging to a classis.

  1. I. To a class or division of the Roman people; only transf., belonging to the first class, of the highest class: classici dicebantur non omnes qui in quinque classibus erant, sed primi tantum classis homines (opp. classem, infra), Cat. ap. Gell. 6 (7), 13, 1; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 113, 12: testes classici, id. ib. p. 56, 15.
    1. B. Trop., of the highest rank, classical, superior, standard: classicus adsiduusque aliquis scriptor, non proletarius, Gell. 19, 8, 15.
    2. C. Subst.: classĭcus, i, m., he that summons the classes of citizens to the Comitia: in Arce classicus oanat tum circumque moeros, Comment. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 92 Müll.
  2. II. To the military and naval forces (v. infra; and cf. classis, I. B.), but in use only in the sense of or belonging to the fleet: classicos milites, Liv. 21, 61, 2; 26, 48, 12: bella, naval, Prop. 2, 1, 28: certamen, Vell. 2, 85, 2: corona = navalis, id. 2, 81, 2.
    Hence,
    1. B. Subst.
      1. 1. classĭcum, i, n., a field or battle-signal upon the trumpet: classicum cecinit, Liv. 28, 27, 15: classicum canere jubet, Tac. A. 2, 32; cf.: classicum cani jubet, Caes. B. C. 3, 82: classico ad contionem convocat, Liv. 7, 36, 9: cum silentium classico fecisset, id. 2, 45, 12: classica sonant, Verg. A. 7, 637: neque excitatur classico miles truci, Hor. Epod. 2, 5; Suet. Caes. 32; id. Vit. 11; Quint. 2, 11, 4; Luc. 4, 186 al.
        Since only the leader commanded it to be given: classicum praetorium (al. praeconium), Prop. 3 (4), 3, 41; cf. Caes. l. l.; Liv. 28, 27, 15; Veg. Mil. 2, 22.
      2. 2. Meton., the war-trumpet: necdum etiam audierant inflari classica, Verg. G. 2, 539; Tib. 1, 1, 4.
      3. 3. Subst.: classĭci, ōrum, m., marines, Tac. H. 1, 36; 2, 11; 2, 17; 2, 22; 2, 67; 3, 55.
        Also mariners, seamen, Curt. 4, 3, 18.

classis (old orthog. CLASIS, Column. Rostr.; v. under I. B. 2.), is (acc. sing. usu. classem; classim, Auct. B. Afr. 9, 2; abl. usu. classe; classi, Verg. A. 8, 11; Liv. 23, 41, 8; Vell. 2, 79), f. [root cal-, cla-, of clamo, καλέω; prop. the people as assembled or called together], hence,

  1. I. After the division of the Roman people by Servius Tullius into six (or, the citizens who paid tribute alone being reckoned, into five) classes,
      1. 1. A class, Liv. 1, 42, 5; 1, 43, 2 sq.; Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 39 sq.; Gell. 6 (7), 13, 1 sq.; Cic. Fl. 7, 15; Liv. 1, 42, 5; 1, 43, 1 sqq.; Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 43; cf. Dion. Halic. 4, 16 sq.; 7, 59: prima classis vocatur … tum secunda classis, etc., Cic. Phil. 2, 33, 82: infra classem; v. classicus, I.
      2. 2. Trop.: qui (philosophi) mihi cum illo collati, quintae classis videntur, i.e. of the lowest rank, Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 73; cf. classicus, I. B.
        Hence,
    1. B. In milit. lang., the whole body of the citizens called to arms, an army. 1 Of the land army (mostly very ancient): procincta, Lex Numae in Fest. s. v. opima, p. 189, 13 Müll.: classis procincta [id est exercitus armatus, Gloss.], Fab. Pictor. ap. Gell. 10, 15, 4; cf. Gell. 1, 11, 3; Paul. ex Fest. p. 56, 3: classi quoque ad Fidenas pugnatum cum Vejentibus quidam in annales rettulere, Liv. 4, 34, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.: Hortinae classes populique Latini, Verg. A. 7, 716 Serv.
      1. 2. Of men at sea, the fleet, including the troops in it (the usu. signif. in prose and poetry): CLASESQVE. NAVALES. PRIMOS. ORNAVET. … CLASEIS. POENICAS. … , Column. Rostr., v. 7 sq.: nomina in classem dare, Liv. 28, 45, 19: cetera classis … fugerunt, id. 35, 26, 9: ut classem duceret in Ligurum oram, id. 40, 26, 8; 41, 24, 13; cf. id. 42, 48, 10: navium classis, id. 22, 37, 13: posteaquam maximas aedificasset ornassetque classes, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9: classem instruere atque ornare, id. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 135: classis ornandae reficiendaeque causā, Liv 9, 30, 4: comparare, Cic. Fl. 14, 33: facere, Caes. B. C. 3, 42 al.: classe navigare, by ship, Cic. Fl. 14, 32; cf. Verg. A. 1, 379; 8, 11; Hor.C. 3, 11, 48: classes = naves, Verg. A. 2, 30: geminasque legit de classe biremis, id. ib. 8, 79: omittere, id. ib. 5, 794: armare, id. ib. 4, 299: deducere, id. G. 1, 255: efficere, Nep. Them. 2, 3: (Suiones) praeter viros armaque classibus valent, Tac. G. 44.
  2. II. In the post-Aug. per., sometimes, a class, division, in gen.: pueros in classes distribuerant, Quint. 1, 2, 23; so id. 1, 2, 24; 10, 5, 21; Suet. Tib. 46: operarum, Col. 1, 9, 7: servorum, Petr. 74, 7.