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ăbundans, antis, P. a., and ăbun-danter, adv., v. abundo, P. a.
ăbundantĭa, ae, f. [abundo], abundance, plenty, fulness, richness (syn. copia).
- I. In the Cic. and Aug. per. usu. with a gen. to define it more exactly: omnium rerum abundantia et copia, Cic. Lael. 23; id. Agr. 2, 97: otii, id. Fam. 7, 1: amoris, id. ib. 1, 9, 1 al.
- II. Absol., pecuniary wealth, riches, Cic. Cat. 2, 10; Tac. Agr. 6; id. H. 2, 94: laborare abundantiā, from overloading the stomach, Suet. Claud. 44 (cf. id. ib. 40).
Fig., of speech: multa ex juvenili abundantiā coërcuisse, Quint. 12, 1, 20.
* ăbundātĭo, ōnis, f. [abundo], an overflowing: fossae, Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 121.
ăbundē, adv. [as if from an obs. abundis, e], in great profusion or abundance, abundantly, exceedingly, very; constr.,
- A. With verbs: perfuse atque abunde usi magnum pondus auri, Sisenn. ap. Non. 516, 31: abunde satis facere quaestioni, Cic. Div. 2, 1, 3: quibus mala abunde omnia erant, Sall. C. 21; so with esse (like satis, frustra, bene est, etc.), id. ib. 58, 9; id. J. 63, 2; cf.: mihi abunde est, si satis expressi, etc., I am more than satisfied, Plin. Ep. 4, 30 fin.; so, abunde est, si, id. ib. 7, 2 fin.; cf.: cum sit satis abundeque, si, etc., id. Pan. 44, 7; and: abunde est, with a subject-clause: hoc dixisse abunde est, Col. 4, 19, 1; so id. 5, 3, 9; Cels. 1, 3; Plin. Ep. 5, 8, 7 al.: sufficere, Liv. 4, 22, 3: contingere, Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 10: cavere, Ov. M. 15, 759: persequi aliquid, Vell. 2, 103, 3: abunde agnoscere, id. 2, 116, 3: mirari, id. 1, 16, 2; 2, 116, 3 al.
- B. With adj.: abunde magna, Sall. J. 14, 18: abunde pollens potensque, id. ib. 1, 3: par, Liv. 8, 29, 4: constans, Curt. 6, 17, 13: pulchrum atque magnificum, Plin. H. N. praef. § 15: abunde similes, Quint. 10, 1, 25: disertus, id. 11, 1, 36: elatus spiritus, id. 10, 1, 104 al.
- C. With adv.: abunde satis est, Hor. S. 1, 2, 59; so Quint. 12, 11, 19: abunde dixit bene, id. 12, 9, 7.
- D. With gen. (like satis, affatim, etc.; cf. Rudd. II. p. 317): terrorum et fraudis abunde est, Verg. A. 7, 552: potentiae gloriaeque, Suet. Caes. 86: honorum, Front. ap. Charis. p. 177 P.: quibus abunde et ingenii et otii et verborum est, Gell. 6, 8, 4.
ăb-undo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n.
- I. Lit., of a wave, to flow over and down, to overflow (while redundo signifies to flow over a thing with great abundance of water, to inundate): apud abundantem antiquam amnem, Att. ap. Non. 192, 4 (Trag. Rel. p. 175 Rib.): flumina abundare ut facerent, Lucr. 6, 267; cf. id. 1, 282; Verg. G. 3, 484; and in the beautiful figure in Plaut.: ripis superat mi atque abundat pectus laetitiā, for joy, my heart swells above its banks and overflows, Stich. 2, 1, 6: ita abundavit Tiberis, ut, etc., Liv. 30, 38, 10; cf.: quando aqua Albana abundāsset, id. 5, 15, 11: so, fons in omnem partem, Plin. 18, 22, 51, § 188.
- II. Transf.
- A. Poet., of plants, to shoot up with great luxuriance: de terris abundant herbarum genera ac fruges, Lucr. 5, 920 (in Enn. ap. Macr. 6, 3, the better read. is obundantes, Enn. p. 65 Vahl.).
- B. In gen., to abound, to be redundant: sive deest naturae quippiam, sive abundat atque affluit, Cic. Div. 1, 29, 61: abundabant et praemia et operae vitae, Plin. H. N. 14, prooem. § 4.
Once with dat.: tenuioribus magis sanguis, plenioribus magis caro abundat, Cels. 2, 10.
- C. To overflow with any thing, to have an abundance or superabundance of, to abound in (the most usual signif.); constr. with abl., and once poet. with gen. (cf. Rudd. II. p. 189 n.).
- (α) With abl.: divitiis, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 17: villa abundat porco, haedo, agno, etc., Cic. Sen. 16, 56: praeceptis philosophiae, id. Off. 1, 1: ingenio, otio, id. de Or. 1, 6, 22: mulier abundat audaciā, id. Clu. 84: cujus oratio omnibus ornamentis abundavit, id. Balb. 7: equitatu, Caes. B. G. 7, 14: magna copiā frumenti, id. ib. 8, 40: aquā, Auct. B. Alex. 1: et aequalium familiaritatibus et consuetudine propinquorum, Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 58: clientibus, Quint. 5, 10, 26.
Poet.: amore abundas, you are too fortunate in love (successu prospero affluis, Don.), Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 11; cf. Lucil.: ille abundans cum septem incolumis pinnis redit, ap. Don. Ter. l. c.
- (β) With gen.: quarum et abundemus rerum et quarum indigeamus, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 498, 7.
Esp., to abound in wealth, to be rich (cf. abundantia, II.): et absentes adsunt et egentes abundant, Cic. Lael. 7, 23: Caietam, si quando abundare coepero, ornabo, id. Att. 1, 4, 3.
Hence, ăbun-dans, antis, P. a., overflowing.
- A. Lit., of rivers, fluids, etc.: fluvius abundantior aestate, i. e. fuller, Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 227: abundantissimus amnis, Cic. Rep. 2, 19: menses (mulierum), Plin. 22, 25, 71, § 147.
- B. Transf.
- 1. Existing in abundance, copious, abundant: non adesā jam, sed abundanti etiam pecuniā sic dissolutus, Cic. Quint. 12, 40.
- 2. Containing abundance, abounding, rich, full; constr. with abl., gen., or absol.
- (α) With abl.: vir abundans bellicis laudibus, Cn. Pompeius, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 78: abundantior consilio, ingenio, sapientiā, id. Pis. 26, 62: rerum copiā et sententiarum varietate abundantissimus, id. de Or. 2, 14, 58.
- (β) With gen.: (via) copiosa omniumque rerum abundans, Nep. Eum. 8, 5: lactis, Verg. E. 2, 20: corporis, Claud. ap. Eutrop. 2, 380: pietatis, id. IV. Cons. Hon. 113.
- (γ) Absol.: non erat abundans, non inops tamen oratio, Cic. Brut. 67, 238: abundantior atque ultra quam oportet fusa materia, Quint. 2, 4, 7: abundantissima cena, Suet. Ner. 42; cf. id. Calig. 17.
Also in a bad sense, of discourse, pleonastic, superabundant, Quint. 12, 10, 18; 8, 3, 56.
Hence, adv.: ex abundanti, superabundantly, Quint. 4, 5, 15; 5, 6, 2; Dig. 33, 7, 12, § 46 al.
- b. Esp., abounding in wealth, rich (syn. dives, opp. egens): (supellex) non illa quidem luxuriosi hominis, sed tamen abundantis, Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 66: haec utrum abundantis an egentis signa sunt? id. Par. 6, 1, § 43.
Hence, adv.: ăbundanter, abundantly, copiously: loqui, Cic. de Or. 2, 35: ferre fructum, Plin. 24, 9, 42.
Comp., Cic. Trop. 10.
Sup., Suet. Aug. 74.
ăbundus, a, um, adj. [abunde, Hand, Turs. I. p. 71], copious (post-class.): lavacris nitidis et abundis, Gell. 1, 2, 2: aqua, Paul. Nol. 734 Murat.
ăbūsĭo, ōnis, f. [abutor].
- I. In rhet. lang., a harsh use of tropes, Gr. κατάχρησις, Auct. Her. 4, 33, 45; Cic. Or. 27, 94; Quint. 8, 2, 5: per abusionem, id. 3, 3, 9 al.
- II. In gen., abuse, misuse (eccl. Lat.).
ăbūsīvē, adv. [abusivus].
- I. By an improper use, Quint. 8, 6, 35; 9, 2, 35.
- II. Slightly, not in good earnest, Amm. 24, 4.
ăbūsīvus, a, um, adj. [abutor], misapplied: appellatio, Auct. Pan. ad Const. 4.
ăbūsor, ōris, m. [abutor], he who misuses (eccl. Lat.).
ăb-usque, prep. (vox Vergil.), even from, as far as from, like ab constr. with abl.: Siculo prospexit abusque Pachyno, Verg. A. 7, 289: animalia maris Oceano abusque petiverat, Tac. A. 15, 37; so App. Mag. p. 311 med.; Amm. 19, 4 al. (in Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97, the correct read. is usque).
ăbūsus, ūs, m. [abutor], a using up, consuming, wasting, Cic. Top. 3; Dig. 7, 5, 5 al.
ăb-ūtor, ūsus, 3, v. dep., to use up any thing, to use to the end, to consume entirely (utendo vel in usum consumere, Non. p. 76, 29); constr. in ante-class. period with acc., in class. per. with abl.
- I. Lit.
- (α) With acc.: nos aurum abusos, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 126; so, argentum, id. Pers. 2, 3, 10: qui abusus sum tantam rem patriam, id. Trin. 3, 2, 56: operam, Ter. And. prol. 5 Ruhnk.: meretricem, id. Phorm. 2, 3, 66: suam vim, Lucr. 5, 1032.
- (β) With abl.: sumus parati abuti tecum hoc otio, to spend this leisure time with you, Cic. Rep. 1, 9 Creuz; so, otio liberaliter, Vell. 2, 105, 1: omni tempore, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 9, § 25: sole, id. Att. 12, 6, 2: studiis, id. Fam. 9, 6, 5: me abusum isto prooemio, id. Att. 16, 6, 4 al.: abuti aliquā re ad aliquid, to make use of for any purpose, to take advantage of: abuti sagacitate canum ad utilitatem nostram, id. N. D. 2, 60, 151; cf. id. Lig. 1, 1; id. Mil. 2, 6.
Hence,
- II. In a bad sense, to misuse, to abuse: sapientiam tuam abusa est haec, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 29; so in the exordium of the first oration against Cat.: Quousque tandem abutere, Catilina, patientia nostra? will you abuse our patience? libertate, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 113: intemperanter otio et litteris, id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6: iis festivitatibus insolentius, id. Or. 52, 176 al.: legibus ac majestate ad quaestum, id. Rosc. Am. 19, 54; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 25, § 61; id. N. D. 1, 23, 64 al.
- B. Esp., in rhet. (of words), to use improperly, Cic. Or. 27, 94; id. de Or. 3, 43, 169; Quint. 5, 10, 6 al.
Note: Pass.: abusa, consumed, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 44; so also Varr.: utile utamur potius quam ab rege abutamur, ap. Prisc. p. 792 P., and Q. Hortensius, ib., abusis locis: abutendus, Suet. Galb. 14.