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dī-rumpo or disr-, rūpi, ruptum, 3, v. a., to break or dash to pieces; to break, burst asunder (rare but class.).

  1. I. Lit.: tabulā caput, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 37: ne medius disrumpar miser, id. Curc. 2, 1, 7: cum se in nubem induerint (venti) ejusque tenuissimam quamque partem coeperint dividere atque disrumpere, Cic. Div. 2, 19, 44: imagines, Tac. H. 1, 55: homo diruptus, i. e. that has a rupture (c. c. dirutus), Cic. Phil. 13, 12.
    In an obscene sense, Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 11 al.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To break off, sunder, sever: amicitias exorsa aliqua offensione dirumpimus, Cic. Lael. 22 fin.; cf.: humani generis societatem, id. Off. 3, 5, 21: regnum, Vulg. 3 Reg. 11, 11.
      And in a figure borrowed from a play (in which two persons tugged at the ends of a rope until it broke, or one of them fell to the ground): cave dirumpatis, i. e. the rope or thread of your recollection, Plaut. Poen. prol. 117.
      Esp. freq.,
    2. B. Pass. in colloquial lang., to burst with envy, etc.: unum omnia posse dirumpuntur ii qui, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 16, 10; cf.: infinito fratris tui plausu dirumpitur, id. Fam. 12, 2, 2: dirumpor dolore, id. Att. 7, 12, 3; cf. risu, App. M. 3, p. 130, 3.
      Once act.: dirupi me paene, I nearly burst myself with earnest speaking, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 4.

dī-rŭo, rŭi, rŭtum, 3, v. a., to tear asunder, overthrow, demolish, destroy (class. —cf.: deleo, diluo, exstinguo, everto, demolior).

  1. I. Prop.: maceriam, Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 10: urbem, Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 73; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8, § 25; Suet. Caes. 54; Ov. M. 12, 551 et saep.: muros, Nep. Con. 4 fin.: templa, Suet. Calig. 60: arcum circi, id. Ner. 25: monumentum, id. Dom. 8; Hor. C. 3, 30, 4: fores ira, Prop. 4 (5), 9, 14: arbusta, Verg. A. 10, 363: regna Priami, Prop. 2, 28, 54 (3, 26, 8 M.); cf. id. 4 (5), 1, 113 et saep.
    Absol.: diruit, aedificat, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 100; cf.: nova diruunt, alia aedificant, Sall. C. 20, 12.
    Hyperbol.: caelum, Auct. B. Hisp. 42 fin.
  2. II. Transf.: agmina vasto impetu, to drive asunder, scatter, Hor. C. 4, 14, 30: omnia Bacchanalia, i. e. to abolish, Liv. 39, 18.
    And in milit. lang.: aere dirutus, qs. ruined in pay, i. e. deprived of pay; said of a soldier whose pay was stopped as a punishment, Varr. ap. Non. 532, 4 sq.; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 13 Zumpt; cf. also beyond the milit. sphere, and without aere, of a bankrupt: homo diruptus dirutusque, both ruptured and bankrupt, Cic. Phil. 13, 12.

* dīruptĭo, ōnis, f. [dirumpo], a tearing asunder, tearing to pieces: magnorum corporum, Sen. Q. N. 2, 15.

dīruptus, a, um, Part., from dirumpo.

dīrus, a, um, adj. [Sanscr. root dī, to flee; Gr. δέος, δείδω, δεινός], fearful, awful (for syn. cf.: saevus, atrox, ferox, crudelis, trux, furens, furiosus, immitis).

  1. I. Orig. belonging to the lang. of augurs; of fate, ill-omened, ominous, boding, portentous: QVAE AVGVR INIVSTA, NEFASTA VITIOSA DIRA DEFIXERIT, IRRITA INFECTAQVE SVNTO, Cic. Leg. 2, 8 fin.; cf. id. Div. 1, 16: tristissima exta sine capite fuerunt, quibus nihil videtur esse dirius, id. ib. 2, 15 fin.; cf.: bubo, dirum mortalibus omen, Ov. M. 5, 550: omen, Tac. H. 3, 56; Suet. Aug. 92; id. Tib. 1, 3, 17: aves, Tac. A. 12, 43; Suet. Claud. 22: alites, Plin. 18, 1, 1, § 4: somnia, Val. Fl. 3, 59: tempus, Cic. Poët. Div. 1, 11, 18: exsecrationes, Liv. 40, 56; 28, 22; Suet. Claud. 12; cf. deprecationes, Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 19: detestatio, Hor. Epod. 5, 89: ritus sacrorum, Tac. A. 16, 8: religio loci, Verg. A. 8, 350 et saep.
    Hence, as subst.:
      1. 1. dīrae, ārum, f.
          1. (α) (sc. res), ill-boding things, portents, unlucky signs: dirarum obnuntiatio, id. ib.; Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 17; 28, 2, 5, § 26; Tac. A. 6, 24 al.; Hor. Epod. 5, 89; Müll. Etrusk. 2, p. 117.
          2. (β) As a nom. propr., Dīrae, the Furies, Verg. A. 12, 845 sq.; 4, 473; Val. Fl. 1, 804; Aur. Vict. Epit. 21 al.; called also Dirae deae, sorores, Verg. A. 7, 324 and 454.
      2. 2. dīra, ōrum, n., fearful things, ill-boding events: in dira et in vitiosa incurrimus, Cic. Div. 1, 16, 29; id. Leg. 2, 8, 21; cf.: me mihi dira precari cogis, to curse, invoke curses on, Tib. 2, 6, 17: dira passus, Vulg. Sirach, 38, 16.
  2. II. Transf., of character, dreadful, horrible, terrible, abominable, detestable (so almost exclusively poet.; a very favorite expression with the Aug. poets; in the Ciceron. per. not at all; but cf. diritas, II.): senex dirissimus, Varr. Poët. ap. Non. 100, 30: Dea, i. e. Circe, Ov. M. 14, 278: Ulixes, Verg. A. 2, 261; 762: Hannibal, Hor. C. 2, 12, 2 al.: durum, id. ib. 3, 6, 36 (also ap. Quint. 8, 2, 9): Afer, Hor. C. 4, 4, 42: Amulius, Ov. F. 4, 53: noverca, id. H. 12, 188: pellex, id. ib. 5, 60 et saep.: hydra, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 10: serpens, Ov. M. 2, 651: victima, id. A. A. 1, 334: parens, fell, cruel, id. ib. 2, 383: soror, Stat. S. 5, 3, 84: parentes, Manil. 5, 541.
        1. b. Of inanimate and abstr. subjects: regio, Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 5: facies, id. F. 1, 553: dapes, id. ib. 6, 663: venena, Hor. Epod. 5, 61; id. S. 1, 9, 31: Asphaltites lacus, Plin. 5, 15, 15, § 71: scopulus, id. 4, 11, 18, § 51: duarum Syrtium vadoso mari diri sinus, id. 5, 4, 4, § 26 et saep.: bellum, Verg. A. 11, 217: nefas, id. ib. 4, 563: sollicitudines, Hor. Epod. 13, 10: amores, Ov. M. 10, 426: superbia, id. ib. 3, 354: quies, Tac. A. 1, 65 et saep.
          Poet., answering to the Gr. δεινός, with inf.: dira portas quassare trabs, Sil. 4, 284.
    1. B. Skilful: in complicandis negotiis, Amm. 14, 5, 8.

‡ dīrŭtĭo, ōnis, f. [diruo], a destruction, Inscr. Grut. 3, 9.

dīrŭtus, a, um, Part., from diruo.