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occēdo (obc-; occīdo, v. infra), essi, essum, 3, v. n. [ob-cedo], to go towards, go to, go up to one (ante-class.): in conspectum alicujus occedere, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 4: obviam alicui, to go to meet, id. As. 2, 3, 24; 2, 4, 6; id. Stich. 5, 2, 24; Varr. R. R. 3, 17.
In the collat. form occīdo: cui nos occidimus, Varr. R. R. 3, 17, 10 Schneid. N. cr.; cf.: occidamus Plautus ponit pro contra cedamus, cum plurimae aliae praepositiones familiares huic verbo sint, Paul. ex Fest. p. 181 Müll.

Occĭa, ae, f., the name of a Vestal, Tac. A. 2, 86.

occĭdānĕus, a, um, adj. [occidens], of or belonging to the west, western, west- (postclass.): ventus, Innocent. Cas. Litter. p. 228 Goes.

occĭdens, entis, Part. and P. a., from 2. occĭdo.

occĭdentālis, e, adj. [occidens], western, westerly, west- (post-Aug.): ab occidentali latere septentrionis, Plin. 18, 34, 77, § 338: ventus, Gell. 2, 22, 22: sidus, Amm. 15, 10 init.: mare, Vulg. Deut. 11, 24: ventus, id. Ezech. 42, 19.

occīdĭo, ōnis, f. [1. occīdo], a massacre, utter destruction, extermination (rare before the Aug. period; syn.: clades, strages, caedes): orare ne in occidione victoriam poneret, Liv. 3, 28.
Esp. freq. in the phrase occidione occidere or caedere, to cut off completely, cut down with utter destruction: equitatus occidione occisus, Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 7; id. Phil. 14, 14, 36; Liv. 28, 43; 2, 51; 9, 38 et saep.: omnes occidione caesi, Just. 26, 2, 5; 28, 2, 1; so, occidione occumbere, to be wholly cut off, Tac. A. 12, 38: equi, viri, cuncta victa occidioni dantur, every thing captured was destroyed, id. ib. 13, 57: occidioni exempti, id. ib. 12, 56 fin.
Of animals and plants: nec ad occidionem gens interimenda est, Col. 9, 15, 3: occidionem gregis prohibens, id. 7, 5, 16: nec ad occidionem universum genus perduci patimur, id. 4, 17, 3.

occīdĭum, ii, n. [1. occīdo], destruction, ruin (post-class.): occidium sentit jam jamque futurum, Prud. Apoth. 695 (al. excidium).

1. occīdo (obc-), cīdi, cīsum, 3 (occisit for occiderit, Lex Num. Pompil. ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. occisum. pp. 178 and 179; also Lex XII. Tab. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4), v. a. [ob-caedo], to strike down, strike to the ground; to beat, smash, crush.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen. (very rare): aliquem pugnis, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 20: occare id est comminuere, ne sit glaeba: quod ita occidunt, occare dictum, to crush, Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 1: occisum ad mortem, wounded to death, Vulg. Apoc. 13, 3.
    2. B. In partic., to strike or cut down; to cut off, kill, slay (class. and very freq.; syn.: interficio, trucido, obtrunco): summus ibi capitur meddix: occiditur alter, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Müll. (Ann. v. 296 Vahl.): L. Virginius filiam suā manu occidit, Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 66: ejus copias, id. Phil. 14, 14, 36: ipse pro castris fortissime pugnans occiditur, Caes. B. G. 5, 36: occidione occidere, to completely cut off, destroy; v. occidio: ad unum omnes, to cut off all to the last man, Liv. 3, 23: aliquem veneno, to destroy with poison, Suet. Claud. 44; Just. 3, 2, 1: occisus videtur non tantum qui per vim aut per caedem interfectus est, velut jugulatus … sed et is qui veneno Necatus dicitur, Paul. Sent. 3, 5, 2 sqq.; cf.: et occidet eum lingua viperae, Vulg. Job, 20, 16: occisa sunt in terrae motu, id. Apoc. 11, 13: dedistine ei gladium qui se occideret? Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 92: cum ipse se conaretur occidere, Cic. ap. Quint. 5, 10, 69; so, se occidere, Curt. 6, 10, 18; Quint. 7, 3, 7; Suet. Vit. 10; Eutr. 1, 8; 6, 24; Lact. 3, 18, 8; cf.: occidit, adversariumne? immo vero aiunt se et eum, quem defendit, Cic. de Or. 2, 74, 302.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. To plague to death; to torture, torment, pester (cf. exanimo, II. B.; very rare; not in Cic. or Cæs.): occidis me, cum istuc rogitas, Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 21: aliā occidis fabulā, id. Men. 5, 5, 23: occidis saepe rogando, Hor. Epod. 14, 5: legendo, id. A. P. 475.
    2. B. To ruin, undo: occidisti me tuis fallaciis, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 67.
      Hence, oc-cīsus, a, um, P. a., ruined, lost, unfortunate, undone (Plautin.): occisa est haec res, nisi, etc., Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 7.
      Sup.: occisissimus sum omnium, qui vivunt, I am the most unfortunate, Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 53.

2. occĭdo, cĭdi, cāsum, 3, v. n. [obcado], to fall down, fall.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen. (rare): et alia Signa de caelo ad terram occidunt, Plaut. Rud. prol. 8: ut alii super alios occiderent, Liv. 21, 35: arbores ita inciderant, ut momento levi impulsae occiderent, id. 23, 24.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. 1. Of the heavenly bodies, to go down, set (class.): prope jam occidente sole, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24: soles occidere, et redire possunt: Nobis, cum semel occidit brevis lux, Nox est perpetua una dormienda, Cat. 5, 4: Capra, Aquila, Canicula, Col. 11, 2, 94: occasura pars caeli, i. e. western, Plin. 2, 25, 23, § 92: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, i. e. sundown, sunset, Lex XII. Tab.; cf. Gell. 17, 2, 10 (Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Müll., gives, instead of it, OCCASVS SOLIS; v. 2. occasus); so, ante solem obcasum, before sunset, Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 41: donec lux occidat, Juv. 13, 158.
        Fig.: non occidet ultra sol tuus, Vulg. Isa. 60, 20.
      2. 2. Pregn., to fall, perish, die (class.; syn.: obeo, pereo, intereo): exstincto calore, occidimus ipsi et extinguimur, Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 23: in bello, id. Fam. 9, 5, 2: Eudemus proelians ad Syracusas occidit, id. Div. 1, 25, 53: sperans hostium saevitiā facile eum occasurum, Sall. J. 7, 2: occiderit ferro Priamus? Verg. A. 2, 581: dextrā suā, to die by one’s own hand (by suicide), id. ib. 12, 659: minimo vulnere, Ov. M. 6, 265.
  2. II. Transf., to perish, be ruined, lost, etc.
    1. A. Of persons: sin plane occidimus, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 4.
      So, esp., occidi, an exclamation of despair, I am lost, undone, Plaut. Stich. 2, 3, 75; Ter. And. 3, 4, 26: nulla sum, nulla sum: tota tota occidi, Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 1: occidimus funditus, Verg. A. 11, 413.
    2. B. Of things: non hercle occiderunt mihi etiam fundique atque aedes, I have not yet lost, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 72: occidit spes nostra, is gone, id. Most. 2, 1, 2: lumen (oculorum), Lucr. 3, 414: dolus, Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 6: causa, Lucr. 2, 790: rem publicam occidere, Cic. Dom. 30, 96: vita, id. Tusc. 1, 45, 109: occidit ornatus (mundi), perishes, id. Ac. 2, 38, 119: vestra beneficia occasura esse, id. Mil. 36, 100.
      Hence, occĭdens, entis, P. a.; as subst., m., the quarter of the setting sun, the west, the occident (class.): ab oriente ad occidentem, Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164: vel occidentis usque ad ultimum sinum, Hor. Epod. 1, 13: cui se oriens occidensque submiserat, Plin. 7, 30, 31, § 112: validissima in se civium arma viribus occidentis coepta, Tac. H. 2, 6: partes mundi, Paul. ex Fest. p. 339 Müll.

3. occīdo, for occedo, q. v.

occĭdŭālis, e, adj. [occiduus], western (post-class.): occidualis Oceanus, Prud. adv. Symm. 2, 597.

occĭdŭus, a, um, adj. [2. occĭdo, I.].

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. Going down, setting (poet. and in post-class. prose): sole jam fere occiduo, Gell. 19, 7, 2: occiduo sole, Ov. M. 1, 63: oriens occiduusque dies, id. F. 4, 832: nox, Calp. Ecl. 3, 82; Stat. Th. 3, 33: Phoebus, Ov. M. 14, 416.
    2. B. Transf., western: ab occiduo sole, Ov. F. 5, 558: occiduae aquae, id. ib. 1, 314: occiduae primaeque domus, in the west and in the east, Stat. S. 1, 4, 73; id. Th. 1, 200: Mauri, Luc. 3, 294: montes, Val. Fl. 2, 621: hora, the evening hour, hour of sunset, Calp. Ecl. 5, 34.
      As subst.: occiduus (sc. sol), the west, Isid. 5, 35, 8.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. Sinking, failing: labitur occiduae per iter declive senectae, Ov. M. 15, 227.
    2. B. Frail, perishable: exsortes animae carnis ab occiduo, Paul. Nol. Carm. 34, 306.

‡ occillātor, ōris, m. [occillo], a harrower: occillator, βωλοκόπος, Gloss. Philox.

* occillo, āre, v. a. [occo], to break, smash: qui mi advenienti os occillet probe, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 28 Fleck. (dub.; Ussing, suggillet).

occĭno, ŭi (perf. occecini, Liv. 6, 41, 8: occanui, Serv. ad Verg. G. 2, 38, 4), 3, v. n. [ob-cano].

  1. I. To sing or chirp inauspiciously, to croak, etc. (not in Cic. or Cæs.): si occinuerit avis, i. e. if by its chirping it gives an unfavorable omen, Liv. 6, 41, 8: corvus voce clarā occinuit, id. 10, 40 fin.: occinentes in eum adversum corvi, Val. Max. 1, 4, 2.
  2. II. In gen., to sing, chirp, cry: animalia inter se, App. Flor. p. 349, 20.

occĭpĭo, cēpi (coepi), eptum, 3 (fut. perf. occepso for occepero, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 41; id. Cas. 5, 4, 22: occepsit for occeperit, id. As. 4, 1, 49), v. a. and n. [ob-capio], to begin, commence any thing (not in Cic. or Cæs.).

  1. I. Act.: nunc quod occepi, obsonatum pergam, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 154: cantationem, id. Stich. 5, 5, 19: quaestum, Ter. And. 1, 1, 52: sermonem cum aliquo, id. Eun. 4, 1, 8: magistratum, to enter upon, Tac. A. 3, 2; 6, 45; Liv. 3, 19; 4, 37.
    Pass.: istuc quicquid est, quā hoc occeptum est causā, loquere, Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 36; Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 49.
          1. (β) With inf.: ne aliam rem occipiat loqui, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 35: agere armentum, Liv. 1, 7: concubia vexillum flagitare occipiunt, Tac. A. 1, 39; id. H. 2, 16.
            Pass.: (fabula) occepta est agi, Ter. Eun. prol. 22.
  2. II. Neutr., to begin, commence.
    1. A. In gen.: a meridie nebula occipiebat, Liv. 29, 27, 6 Hertz (Weissenb. excepit): modo dolores occipiunt primulum, Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 2: hiems, Tac. A. 12, 12: juventas occipit puero, Lucr. 5, 889.
    2. B. Esp., in formula, ita ut occepi, in resuming a discourse or topic after an interruption: ita ut occepi, si animum advortas, dicam, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 52 Brix ad loc.; id. Stich. 4, 2, 1; id. Curc. 1, 1, 43 al.

occĭpĭtĭum, ii, n. [ob-caput], the back part of the head, the poll, the occiput: in occipitio quoque habet oculos, pessima, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 25: umeris ad occipitium ductis, Quint. 11, 3, 160; Cels. 4, 2; Suet. Tib. 68: ne post occipitium exercitus relinqueret, behind his back, Varr. ap. Non. 245, 15.
Of animals, Plin. 11, 29, 35, § 107.
Prov.: frons occipitio prior est; v. frons; cf.: frontemque domini plus prodesse quam occipitium, Plin. 18, 5, 6, § 31.

occĭput, ĭtis, n. [ob-caput], the back part of the head, the poll, occiput (less freq. than occipitium), Pers. 1, 62; Aus. Epigr. 12, 8.

occīsĭo, ōnis, f. [1. occīdo], a massacre, slaughter, murder (class. but rare, except in eccl. Lat.; sometimes interchanged in the MSS. with occidio): si caedes et occisio facta non erit, Cic. Caecin. 14, 41: parentis, id. Inv. 1, 26, 37; App. M. 6, p. 184; Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 14: aestimati sumus sicut oves occisionis, Vulg. Psa. 43, 21: gladium ad occisionem, id. Jer. 15, 3.

occīsĭtantur, saepe occiduntur: C. Gracchus, in Paul. ex Fest. p. 201 Müll. [1. occīdo].

* occīsor, ōris, m. [1. occīdo], a slayer, murderer: regum, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 64.

occīsōrĭus, a, um, adj. [occisor], of or for slaughter (eccl. Lat.): animalia, Tert. Anim. 33 init.

occīsus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from 1. occīdo.