Lewis & Short

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† 1. pē̆tra, ae, f., = πέτρα, a rock, a crag, stone (pure Lat. saxum; cf.: rupes, scopulus): petrarum genera sunt duo, quorum alterum naturale saxum prominens in mare; alterum manufactum ut docet Aelius Gallus: Petra est, qui locus dextrā ac sinistrā fornicem expletur usque ad libramentum summi fornicis, Fest. p. 206 Müll. (of the latter signif. there is no other example known): petris ingentibus tecta, Enn. ap. Fest. 1. 1. (Ann. v. 366); Sen. Herc. Oet. 804: aquam de petrā produxit, Vulg. Isa. 48, 21 et saep.: gaviae in petris nidificant, Plin. 10, 32, 48, § 91: alga, quae juxta terram in petris nascitur, id. 32, 6, 22, § 66; 34, 12, 29, § 117; Curt. 7, 11, 1.

2. Pē̆tra, ae, f., = Πέτρα, the name of several cities.

  1. I. A city in Arabia Petrœa, now the ruins of Wadi Musa, Plin. 6, 28, 32, § 144; Vulg. Jer. 48, 28.
    Hence,
    1. B. Pē̆traeus, a, um, adj., Petrean: balanus, Plin. 12, 21, 46, § 102: hypericon, id. 12, 25, 54, § 119.
  2. II. A city in Pieria, Liv. 29, 26.
  3. III. A city in Thrace, Liv. 40, 22.
  4. IV. A city in Umbria, called Petra Pertusa, now Il Furlo, Aur. Vict. Epist. in Vespas. 17.
  5. V. A hill near Dyrrachium, Caes. B. C. 3, 42.

3. Petra, ae, m., a Roman proper name, Tac. A. 11, 4.

‡ petrăbŭlum, i, n., = πετρόβολον, a stone-thrower, catapult, Not. Tir. p. 179.

† 1. petraeus, a, um, adj., = πετραῖος, that grows among rocks, rock- (post-Aug.) brassica, Plin. 20, 9, 36, § 92.

2. Pĕtraeus, a, um, v. 2. Petra, I. B.

petrālis, e, adj. [petra], stony (eccl. Lat.), Cassiod. in Psa. 39, 2.

Petrēĭus, i, m., name of a Roman gens.
So, esp, a lieutenant of Pompey in the civil war, Caes. B. C. 1, 38; 63; cf. Cic. Att. 8, 2, 3. He is probably the same person with M. Petrejus, lieutenant of the consul C. Antonius, who defeated the followers of Catiline at Fœsulœ, A. U. C. 692; Cic. Sest. 5, 12; Sall. C. 59, 5 sq.
Hence,

  1. A. Petrēius, a, um, adj., Petreian; here prob. belongs: petreia vocabatur, quae pompam praecedens in coloniis aut municipiis imitabatur anum ebriam, ab agri vitio, scilicet petris, appellata, Paul. ex Fest. p. 243, 5 Müll.; cf. Fest. p. 242, 14 ib.
  2. B. Petrēiānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Petreius, Petreian: auxilium, Auct. B. Afr. 19.

Petrenses, ĭum, m., the inhabitants of the city of Petra, in Sicily, Sol. 5.

petrensis, e, adj. [1. petra], found among rocks or stones (post-class.): pisces, Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 1, 26.

Petrĕus, a, um, adj. [1. petra or Petrus], Petrean (eccl. Lat.): istae spinae, Petra et Petro transeunte, petreis pedibus tritae sunt, of rock or stone, or pertaining to the Apostle Peter, Aug. Serm. 297, 2 fin.

Petrīni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of the city of Petra, in Sicily, the Petreans, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 39, § 90; Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 91.

Petrīnum, i, n., a villa near Sinuessa, in Campania, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 5; Cic. Fam. 6, 19, 1.

† petrĭnus, a, um, adj., = πέτρινος, of stone, stone- (eccl. Lat.): acies, Tert. adv. Marc. 3, 16.

† petrītes, ae, m., = πετρίτης (οἶνος), a kind of wine, perh. from the city of Petra, in Arabia, Plin. 14, 7, 9, § 75.

1. pē̆tro, ōnis, m. [1. petra].

  1. I. A rustic: petrones rustici fere dicuntur, etc., Fest. p. 206, 23 Müll.; cf.: petrones rustici a petrarum asperitate et duritiā dicti, Paul. ex Fest. p. 207, 6 ib.
  2. II. An old wether, whose flesh is as hard as a stone (anteclass.), Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 40.

2. Petro, ōnis, m. [1. petra], a Roman surname, Suet. Vesp. 1.

Petrŏcŏrĭi, ōrum, m., a Gallic tribe in Aquitania, in the mod. Périgueux, Caes. B. G. 7, 75; Plin. 4, 19, 33, § 109; sing., Inscr Maff. Mus. Ver 450, 8.

Pē̆trōnĭa, ae, v. 2. Petronius.

Pē̆trōnĭānus, a, um, adj., v. 2. Petronius, B.

1. pē̆trōnĭus, a, um, adj. [1. petra], rock-, crag-, mountain- (very rare): canes, Grat. Cyneg. 202.

2. Pē̆trōnĭus, i, m., name of a Roman gens.
So, esp.: Petronius Arbiter, a Roman knight, a favorite of the emperor Nero, perh. the same person with Petronius, the author of a Latin romance which is preserved in a fragmentary state, Tac. A. 16, 17 sq.
In fem.: Pē̆trōnĭa, ae, the first wife of the emperor Vitellius, Tac. H. 2, 64; Suet. Vit. 6.
Hence,

  1. A. Pē̆trōnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Petronius, Petronian: Petronia amnis est in Tiberim profluens, quam magistratus auspicato transeunt, cum in campo quid agere voluntquod genus auspicii peremne vocatur, Fest. p. 250 Müll.: Petronia lex, respecting slaves: post legem Petroniam et senatusconsulta ad eam legem pertinentia, dominis, potestas ablata est ad bestias depugnandas suo arbitrio servos tradere, Dig. 48, 8, 11, § 3; ib. 40, 1, 24.
  2. B. Pē̆trōnĭānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Petronius, Petronian: Petroniana Albucia, Fulg. Myth. praef. 1.

† petrŏsĕlīnon (-īnum), i, n., = πετροσέλινον, rock-parsley, Plin. 20, 12, 47, § 118; Pall. 5, 3.

petrōsus, a, um, adj. [1. petra], full of rocks, rocky (post-Aug.): loca, Plin. 9, 31, 50, § 96.
Subst.: petrōsa, ōrum, n., rocky places: maritima, Plin. 26, 8, 29, § 46; Ambros. Laps. Virg. 7, 29: aliud cecidit super petrosa, Vulg. Marc. 4, 5; id. Matt. 13, 5.

‡ pē̆trōtos, on, adj. [πετρόω], stony, petrified: quae modicos calices duos quos appellabant petrotos HS. V[dibreve]I = . venderet, Plin. 36, 26, 66, § 195 Jan. (dub.; al. pterotos).