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† dĭaeta (zaeta or zēta, Lampr. Heliog. 29 fin.; 30; and in many MSS. in the foll. passages; cf. the letter D), ae, f., = δίαιτα.
† smăragdĭnus (zmăr-; smar- with long a, Prud. Psych. 862), a, um, adj., = σμαράγδινος, of or belonging to the emerald, smaragdine: emplastrum (on account of its green color), Cels. 5, 19, 4; cf. prata, Prud. l. l.: lapis, Vulg. Esth. 1, 6.
Postclass. collat. form smăragdĭnĕus, a, um, adj.: viriditas, Mart. Cap. 1, § 66: postis, Ven. Carm. 8, 8, 18.
† Smăragdītes (Zmăr-), ae, m. (sc. mons), a mountain on which the smaragdus was found, Plin. 37, 5, 18, § 74.
† smăragdus (in many MSS. written also zmăr-: smărăgdus, Mart. 5, 11, 1), i, comm. (m., Plin. 37, 5, 16, § 62; Luc. 10, 121; f., Mart. 4, 28, 4; Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 563), = σμάραγδός, a transparent precious stone of a bright green color; including not only our emerald, but also the beryl, jasper, malachite, etc., Plin. 37, 5, 16, § 62; 37, 5, 18, § 73; Lucr. 2, 805; 4, 1126; Tib. 1, 1, 51; 2, 4, 27; Ov. M. 2, 24; Stat. Th. 2, 276 al.
† smăris (zmăris), ĭdis, f., = σμαρίς, a small sea-fish of inferior quality, Ov. Hal. 120; Plin. 32, 9, 34, § 106; 32, 10, 45, § 128; 32, 11, 53, § 151.
† smegma (smigma and zmeg-ma), ătis (dat. plur. smegmatis, Plin. 31, 7, 42, § 92), n., = σμῆγμα, a cleansing medicine, a detergent, Plin. 22, 25, 74, § 156; 34, 13, 36, § 134.
For making the skin smooth, Plin. 24, 7, 28, § 43; cf. Becker, Gallus, 3, p. 64 (2d edit.): afferte mihi smigmata, Vulg. Dan. 13, 17.
Smintheus or Zmin- (dissyl.), ĕi, m., = Σμινθεύς, an epithet of Apollo (from the Cretan σμίνθος, mouse, i. e. the mousekiller; or, as Aristarchus asserts, from Smintha (Σμίνθη), a town in the Troad, the Sminthean, Lact. 1, 7, 9; Ov. F. 6, 425; acc. Sminthea, id. M. 12, 585.
Hence,
2. Smyrna (in the best MSS. Zmyr-na), ae, f., = Σμύρνα,
† smyrnĭon or zmyrnĭum, ii, n., = σμυρνίον, a kind of herb like myrrh, common Alexanders: Smyrnium olus atrum, Linn.; Plin. 27, 13, 109, § 133; 19, 8, 48, § 162.
† smyrus or zmyr-, i, m., = σμῦρος, a kind of fish, otherwise unknown, Plin. 32, 11, 53, § 151.
Z, z, was perhaps a letter of the original Latin alphabet, since it is found in the Carmen Saliare, Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Müll.; and in a Latin record of an Oscan law of the time of the Gracchi, C. I. L. 1, 197; but it had long disappeared, when, in Cicero’s time, it again came into use, but only in transcribing Greek names, to represent the Greek Ζ, ζ, which had previously been represented, when initial, by s, as in Saguntum for Ζάκυνθος, Sethus, sona, etc.; and by ss when medial, as in Atticisso, badissas, etc., in Plautus. It seems to have been sounded like the Engl. z (Corss. Ausspr. 1, p. 295; but cf. Roby, Gr. 1, § 195). In late Latin writings z is very frequent in place of s, and in the words Zmyrna for Smyrna, zmaragdus for smaragdus, is found in the best MSS. In writings of the third and fourth Christian centuries z often stands for initial di before a vowel, as zaconus, zabulus, etc.; cf. the Æolic ζά for διά.
Zăbŭlōn, ōnis, m., = Ζαβουλών, one of the tribes of Israel, Juvenc. 1, 441; cf. Vulg. Apoc. 7, 8.
Zābŭlus or Zābŏlus, i, m., = Ζάβολος (collat. form of Διάβολος; cf. the letter D init.), the Devil, Lact. Mort. Pers. 16.
Zachărīas, ae, m. (i short, Juvenc. 1, 29; Paul. Nol. 5, 27; Sid. Carm. 16, 36), = Ζαχαρίας, Zacharias, the father of St. John the Baptist, Vulg. Luc. 1, 5; 1, 12; 1, 13; 3, 2; Lact. 4, 14, 6.
Zăcynthĭus, a, um, v. Zacynthus.
Zăcynthus or -ŏs, i, f., = Ζάκυνθος, an island in the Ionian Sea, now Zante or Zacyntho, Mel. 2, 7, 10; Plin. 4, 12, 19, § 54; Liv. 21, 7; 26, 24; Verg. A. 3, 270; Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 62; Ov. H. 1, 87 al.
Hence, Zăcynthĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Zacynthus, Zacynthian: Calchas, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 104: bitumen, Plin. 35, 15, 51, § 178.
Zăleucus, i, m., = Ζάλευκος, a lawgiver of the Locrians, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 18; id. Leg. 1, 22, 57; 2, 6, 14; Sen. Ep. 90, 5.
Zăma, ae, f., = Ζάμα.
† zāmĭa (sāmĭa; cf. Fleck. Ep. Crit. 12), ae, f., = ζημία, hurt, damage, loss (cf. detrimentum), Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 20.
Zămolxis, is, m., = Ζάμολξις, a Thracian philosopher, App. Mag. p. 290, 9.
zancha, zanca, or zanga, ae, f., a kind of soft Parthian shoe, Gallien. ap. Treb. Claud. 17; Cod. Th. 14, 10, 2.
Zanclē, ēs, f., = Ζάγκλη, an older name of the city of Messana (Messina), in Sicily, Ov. M. 14, 5; 15, 290; Sil. 1, 662.
Hence,
† zanthenes, is, m., a yellow gem, Plin. 37, 10, 70, § 185.
† zāplūtus, a, um, adj., = ζάπλουτος, very rich, Petr. 37.
zēa, ae, f., = ζειἀ.
zēlanter, adv. [zelo], zealously (late Lat.), Ven. Fort. Vit. Patern. 3.
zēlātor, ōris, m. [zelo], a zealous person, a zealot, Ven. Carm. 5, 6, 12; Ambros. in Psa. 51, 15.
(zēlĭvĭra, ae, f., a false read. for caelibi, Tert. Exhort. Cast. 9.)
† zēlo, āre, v. a., = ζηλόω.
† zēlōtes, ae, m., = ζηλωτής, one that loves with jealousy, one that is jealous (eccl. Lat.); of God, Tert. adv. Marc. 1, 28; 4, 25; Vulg. Exod. 20, 5 al.
zēlŏtypa, ae, v. zelotypus, 2.
† zēlŏtypĭa, ae, f., = ζηλοτυπία, jealousy, Plin. 25, 7, 37, § 75; Vulg. Num. 5, 14 (in Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18, and Att. 10, 8, A, 1, written as Greek).
† zēlŏtypus, a, um, adj., = ζηλότυπος, jealous: larba, Juv. 5, 45: moechae, id. 6, 278.
As substt.
† zēlus, i, m., = ζῆλος, zeal, emulation; jealousy, Vitr. 7 praef.; Prud. Ham. 188; Aus. Epigr. 77; Hier. in Gal. 2, 4, vv. 17, 18; Vulg. Num. 25, 11.
† zĕma or zŭma, ătis, n., = ζέμα, a cooking utensil, a saucepan, Apic. 8, 1 fin.; Val. ap. Treb. Claud. 14; Serv. ad Verg. A. 3, 466.
Zēno or Zēnon, ōnis, m., = Ζἠνων, the name of several Greek philosophers.
Zēnŏbĭa, ae, f., = Ζηνοβία,
Zĕphyrē, ēs, f., an island near Crete, Mel. 2, 7; Plin. 4, 12, 20, § 61.
Zĕphyrītis, ĭdis, f., = Ζεφυρῖτις, the Zephyritide, an appellation of Arsinoë, wife of Ptolemaeus Philadelphus, who was honored as a goddess, Cat. 66, 57 (cf. Plin. 34, 14, 42, § 148).
† zĕphyrĭus, a, um, adj., = ζεφύριος, of or belonging to a zephyr or to the west wind: ova, i. e. wind-eggs, addle-eggs, Plin. 10, 60, 80, § 167.
Zĕphyrus, i, m., = Ζέφυρος, a gentle west wind, the western breeze, zephyr (pure Lat. Favonius); personified, son of Astrœus and Aurora.
† zeros, i, m., a precious stone, otherwise unknown, Plin. 37, 9, 53, § 138 (al. leros).
Zērynthĭus, a, um, adj., = Ζηρύνθιος, of or belonging to the Thracian town of Zerynthus, Zerynthian: litora, Ov. Tr. 1, 10, 19: Apollo, Liv. 38, 41.
1. zēta, ae, f., v. diaeta init.
2. zēta, indecl. n., = ζῆτα, the Greek letter zeta, Aus. Idyll. Lit. Monos. 12, 11.
zētārĭus, a, um, = diaetarius, Paul. Sent. 3, 6, 58.
Zētes, ae, m., = Ζήτης, a brother of Calăis and son of Boreas, one of the Argonauts, Ov. M. 6, 716; Prop. 1, 20, 26.
Collat. form Zētus, i, n., Serv. ad Verg. A. 10, 350.
Zēthus, i, m., = Ζῆθος, a son of Jupiter by Antiopa, and brother of Amphion, Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 155; id. Rep. 1, 18, 30; Auct. Her. 2, 27, 43; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 42; Hyg. Fab. 76 and 155.
Zeugĭtāna rĕgio = ἡ Ζευγιτανή, a very fruitful district in Africa, now the northern part of Tunis, Plin. 5, 4, 3, § 23; Mart. Cap. 6, § 669.
Called Zeugis, Isid. 14, 5, 8.
† zeugītes, ae, m., = ζευγίτης, a kind of reed, Plin. 16, 36, 66, § 169.
1. zeugma, ătis, n., = ζεῦγμα, a grammatical figure, according to which two nouns or two infinitives are united to a verb which is applicable to only one of them, Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 1, 18.
2. Zeugma, ătis, n., = Ζεῦγμα, a town in Syria, on the Euphrates, now Rumkaleh, Plin. 5, 12, 13, § 67; 5, 24, 21, § 86; 34, 15, 43, § 150; Tac. A. 12, 12; Luc. 8, 237; Stat. S. 3, 2, 137.
† zēus, i m., = ζαιός, a kind of fish (pure Lat. faber), Col. 8, 16, 9; Plin. 9, 18, 32, § 68.
Zeuxis, is and ĭdis (acc. -im or -in), m., = Ξεῦξις.
† zingĭbĕri or zimpĭbĕri, indecl. n., = ζιγγίβερι, ginger: Amomum zingiber, Linn.; Plin. 12, 7, 14, § 27.
Also zingĭ-ber, ĕris, n., Cels. 5, 23 fin.; Pall. Oct. 20, 2; Apic. 2, 2.
zinzăla, ae, f., a kind of gnat (rustic Lat.; cf. Span. zenzalo; Ital. zanzara), Cassiod. in Psa. 104, 31.
zinzĭlŭlo, āre, v. n., the natural cry of certain birds, to chirp (of the regulus, merops, and progne), Auct. Carm. Phil. 43.
zirbus, i, m., = omentum, the caul, omentum, Apic. 8, 6 fin.
† zīzā̆nĭa, ōrum, n., = ζιζάνια, darnel, cockle, tares (eccl. Lat.), Prud. Apoth. 6, 8; Vulg. Matt. 13, 25; 13, 26 sq.; Ambros. in Luc. 8, 49.
† zīzyphum or zīzĭphum, i, n., = ζίζυφον, the jujube. Plin. 15, 14, 14, § 47; 17, 10, 14, § 74; 21, 9, 27, § 51.
† zīzyphus, i, m., = ζίζυφος, the jujube-tree, Col. 9, 4, 3; Pall. 5, 4.
zmaragdachates, v. smarag-.
zmaragdus, i, v. smaragdus init.
zmaris, ĭdis, v. smaris.
zmectĭcus, v. smecticus.
zmegma, v. smegma.
zmilampis, is, m., a precious stone, otherwise unknown, Plin. 37, 10, 70, § 185.
zmilax, v. smilax.
† zmintha, ae, f., an aromatic plant, a kind of mint, Plin. 19, 10, 57, § 176.
Zmyrna and Zmyrnaeus, a, um, v. Smyrn-.
zmyrus, i, v. smyrus.
† zōdĭăcus, i, m., = ζωδιακός, the zodiac (pure Lat. orbis signifer), Cic. Arat. 317; Gell. 13, 9, 6.
Hence, zōdĭăcus, a, um, adj., of the zodiac: zodiacum diastema, Sid. Ep. 8, 11: zodiacus tractus, Mart. Cap. 1, § 44: zodiaca hospitia, id. ib. 1, § 5.
Zōē, ēs, f., = ζωή (life), one of the Æons of Valentinus, Tert. adv. Valent. 12.
Zōĭlus, i, m., = Ζώιλος, a severe critic in the time of Ptolemaeus Philadelphus, a censurer of Homer (hence called Ὁμηρομάστιξ, Homeromastix), Vitr. 7 praef.
Transf., of a censorious person, Ov. R. Am. 366; Mart. 11, 37, 1.
† zōmŏtēgănītē, ēs, f. [ζωμόσ-τήγανον], a dish of fish stewed in their own liquor, Apic. 4, 2, § 147 dub.
† zōna (sōna, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 85 Ritschl), ae, f., = ζώνη, a belt, girdle, zone, worn about the loins by women (cf. cingulum).
zōnālis, e, adj. [zona, II. D.], of or belonging to a zone (of the earth): ambitus, Macr. Somn. Scip. 2, 5 med.
zōnārĭus (sōnārĭus), a, um, adj. [zona], of or belonging to a belt or girdle.
* zōnātim, adv. [zona], round about, in a circle, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 189, 33.
Zōnē, ēs, f., a promontory of Thrace, opposite to Thasos, Mel. 2, 2; Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 43.
zōnŭla, ae, f. dim. [zona], a little girdle, Cat. 61, 53; Seren. ap. Non. p. 539, 19; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 52.
† zōophŏrus, i, m., = ζωοφόρος. the frieze of a column (between the epistylium and the coronis), Vitr. 3, 5, 10; 4, 1, 2.
† zōophthalmos, i, m., = ζωόφθαλμος, great houseleek, called also aizoum majus, Plin. 25, 13, 102, § 160.
† zōpissa, ae, f., = ζώπισσα, pitch mixed with wax, which was scraped off from ships, Plin. 16, 12, 23, § 56; 24, 7, 26, § 41.
† zōpyron, i, n., = ζωπυρόν, a plant, called also clinopodion, Plin. 24, 15, 87, § 137.
Zōpyrus, i, m., = Ζώπυρος.
zoranisceos, i, m., a precious stone, otherwise unknown, Plin. 37, 10, 70, § 185.
Zōrŏastres, is, m., Zoroaster, a lawgiver of the Medes, Just. 1, 1, 9; Plin. 30, 1, 2, § 3; App. Mag. p. 291.
Hence, Zōrŏ-astrēus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Zoroaster, Zoroastrian: susurri, i. e. magical, Prud. Apoth. 494 (where Zŏr-, by solecism).
† 1. zoster, ēris, m., = ζωστήρ (a girdle).
2. Zoster, ēris, m., a promontory, town, and harbor of Attica; the promontory is now called C. Lombarda, Cic. Att. 5, 12 init.
† zōthēca, ae, f., = ζωθήκη.
zōthēcŭla, ae, f. dim. [zotheca, I.], a little closet or cabinet, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 38; Sid. Ep. 8, 16; 9, 11.
†† zura, ae, f. [African], the seed of the Christ’s-thorn (paliurus), Plin. 24, 13, 71, § 115.
† 1. zygĭa, ae, f., = ζυγία (prop. an adj. from ζύγιος, belonging to or fit for yokes).
2. Zygia, ae, f., a name of Juno, as the goddess of marriage, App. M. 6, p. 174, 38.
† zygis, ĭdis, f., = ζυγίς, wild thyme, App. Herb. 99.
† zygostăsĭum, ii, n., = ζυγόστασις, the office of a weigh-master, Cod. Th. 15, 26, 1.
† zygostătes, ae, m., = ζυγοστάτης, a master of the weights, weigh-master, Cod. Th. 12, 7, 2; Cod. Just. 10, 71, 2.
† zythum, i, n., = ζῦθος, a kind of malt-liquor among the Egyptians, Plin. 22, 25, 82, § 164; Col. 10, 116; Dig. 33, 6, 9 praef.