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1. sil, silis, n., a kind of yellowish earth, yellow ochre, Plin. 33, 12, 56, § 158; Vitr. 7, 11; Veg. 5, 26; 5, 39; 6, 28 fin.; Aus. Idyll. 12, Gram. 8.
2. sil or sili, = seselis.
Sīla, ae, f., a large forest in the country of the Bruttii, which yielded great quantities of pitch, Cic. Brut. 22, 85; Sall. Fragm. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 12, 715 (H. 4, 7 Dietsch); Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 74; Verg. G. 3, 219; id. A. 12, 715.
Hence, Sīlānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the forest of Sila: caseus, Cassiod. Var. 12, 12.
silācĕus or silācĭus, a, um, adj. [1. sil], like ochre, of ochre: color, Plin. 35, 7, 32, § 50: cunei, Vitr. 7, 4; 7, 5.
Silana, ae, f., a town of Thessaly, Liv. 36, 13.
Silanĭo or Silanĭion, ōnis, m., a celebrated statuary, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 126; Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 51; Vitr. 7, praef.
1. Sīlānus, i, m., a Roman surname in the Julian gens, Liv. 23, 15; 25, 2.
- a. D. Junius Silanus, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 24; id. Off. 2, 16, 57; id. Cat. 4, 4, 7; Sall. C. 50, 4; 51, 16.
- b. M. Silanus, Cic. Brut. 35, 135; id. Fan 10, 30. 1.
Hence, Sīlānĭānus, a, um, adj., of or named from one Silanus: senatusconsultum, Dig. 29, 5, 1, §§ 7 and 21.
† 2. sīlānus, i, m., = σιληνός, Doric σιλανός, a fountain or jet of water (usually spirting from a head of Silenus). Lucr. 6, 1265; Cels. 3, 18 med.; Fest. s. v. tullios, p. 352 Müll.; Inscr. Orell. 3321; Hyg. Fab. 169.
3. Sīlānus, v. Sila fin.
Sĭlărus, i, m., = Σίλαρις, a river forming the boundary between Lucania and Campania, now Sele, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 70 (al. Silerus) sq.; 2, 103, 106, § 226; Verg. G. 3, 146; Sil. 8, 582.
Also called Silerus, Mel. 2, 4, 9; and Siler, Luc. 2, 426; Col. poët. 10, 136.
‡ silatum antiqui pro eo, quod nunc jentaculum dicimus, appellabant, quia jejuni vinum sili conditum ante meridiem absorbebant, Fest. p. 347 Müll.
silaus, i, m., a kind of parsley, smallage: Apium graveolens, Linn.; Plin. 26, 8, 56, § 88.
Sīlēnĭcus, a, um, adj. [Silenus], of or sacred to Silenus: racemi (hederae), a species of ivy, Plin. 16, 34, 62, § 146.
sĭlens, entis, Part. and P. a. of sileo.
sĭlenter, adv., v. sileo, P. a. fin.
sĭlentĭārĭus, ii, m. [silentium].
- I. A confidential domestic servant (orig. watching for the domestic silence; cf. Sen. Ep. 47, 3), Salv. Gub. Dei, 4, 3; Inscr. Orell. 2956; 3193; cf. Becker, Gallus, 2, p. 99 (2d. ed.).
- II. In the later imperial period, a certain high officer at court, a privy-councillor, Cod. Just. 3, 28, 30 fin.; 15, 62, 25; Inscr. Orell. 3194.
sĭlentĭōsē, adv., v. silentiosus fin.
sĭlentĭōsus, a, um, adj. [silentium], perfectly still or silent: nactus opacae noctis silentiosa secreta, App. M. 11 init.
Adv.: sĭlentĭōsē, stilly, silently: silentiose geritur publicum bonum, Cassiod. Var. 11, 1 med.
sĭlentĭum, ii, n. [sileo].
- I. Lit.
- A. In gen., a being still or silent, noiselessness, stillness, silence (freq. and class.; cf. taciturnitas): otium et silentium est, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 35: et ipse conticuit et ceteris silentium fuit, Cic. de Or. 3, 35, 143; cf. id. ib. 1, 35, 160; id. Rep. 2, 38, 64: auditus est magno silentio, id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1: silentio auditus, Caes. B. C. 3, 19, 3: huic facietis Fabulae silentium, Plaut. Am. prol. 15: fac silentium, id. Pers. 4, 3, 50; cf. Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59: nec longa silentia feci, kept silence, Ov. F. 1, 183: silentio facto, silence being obtained, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 10; Liv. 24, 7 fin.; Petr. 14 fin.; Quint. 2, 5, 6 al.; also with the signif. to make or procure silence: Fabius cum silentium classico fecisset, Liv. 2, 45; Tac. H. 3, 20; Curt. 10, 6, 3; Phaedr. 5, 5, 15: facere silentia majestate manūs, Pers. 4, 7: tribuni plebis, cum inviti silentium tenuissent, Liv. 5, 9, 4; so, tenere silentium, id. 1, 16, 2; 1, 28, 8; 9, 38, 14: silentium obtinere, id. 1, 16, 2; cf.: obstinatum silentium obtinuit, id. 9, 38, 14: tenuere silentia cuncti, Ov. M. 1, 206: se silentium fieri jussisse, Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59; Luc. 1, 298: silentium imperare, Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 7; Tac. G. 11: silentium significare, to give a signal for silence, Cic. Brut. 84, 290: cum silentio animadvertite, Ter. Eun. prol. 44: Athenienses cum silentio auditi sunt, Liv. 38, 10, 4: cum silentio ad aliquem convenire, id. 7, 35, 1; so, cum silentio, id. 25, 9, 15: agere per silentium, Ter. Heaut. prol. 36; cf. id. Hec. prol. alt. 21; id. Phorm. prol. 30: per silentium noctis, Liv. 3, 42, 3; Tac. A. 4, 53; id. Agr. 3: ego illas omnes res egi silentio, Cic. Prov. Cons. 12, 29; cf.: ut nulla fere pars orationis silentio praeteriretur, in silence, without applause, id. Brut. 22, 88; more freq.: praeterire silentio, to pass over in silence, to say nothing about, id. Sull. 21, 62; id. Part. Or. 23, 82; id. Phil. 13, 6 Orell. N. cr.; Plin. Ep. 5, 20, 6; for which: silentio transire, Cic. Att. 2, 19, 3; Quint. 2, 3, 1; 5, 12, 23: periculosissimum locum silentio sum praetervectus, Cic. Phil. 7, 3, 8: transmittere aliquem, Tac. A. 1, 13 fin. al.; cf.: cum M. Tullius de omnibus (oratoribus) aetatis suae silentium egerit, keeps silence, is silent, Quint. 10, 1, 38: tenere se intra silentium, Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 8; 7, 6, 6: de Partho silentium est, nothing is said, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4: ut laudem eorum a silentio vindicarem, i. e. obscurity, id. de Or. 2, 2, 7; Sen. Ep. 21, 5; Plin. Ep. 9, 14, 1: gravissimas plagas ferre silentio, Cic. Tusc. 2, 20, 46: quam maximum silentium haberi jubet, Sall. J. 99, 1: lacrimae omnibus obortae, et diu maestum silentium tenuit, prevailed, Liv. 40, 8, 20.
Poet.: fer opem furtoque silentia deme, remove silence from, i. e. tell of, disclose, Ov. M. 2, 700.
Of the stillness, silence, dead of night: silentio noctis Caesar ex castris egressus, Caes. B. G. 7, 36: in silentio noctis, id. ib. 7, 26; cf.: se vocem noctis silentio audisse clariorem humanā, Liv. 5, 32: paulo ante mediam noctem silentio ex oppido egressi, Caes. B. G. 7, 11; cf. id. ib. 7, 18; 7, 60; Liv. 8, 23, 9, 38.
Poet., in plur.: silentia noctis, Lucr. 4, 461; Stat. Th. 1, 441: quid me alta silentia cogis Rumpere, Verg. A. 10, 63; Ov. M. 7, 184: taciturna silentia, Lucr. 4, 585: torquent illum furibunda silentia, Stat. Th. 10, 890.
The stillness, quietness of the fields: nactus silentia ruris, Ov. M. 1, 232; cf.: vidit desolatas agere alta silentia terras, id. ib. 1, 349.
Of wood that makes no noise, does not snap, Plin. 16, 16, 28, § 70.
- B. In partic., in augural lang., freedom from disturbance; hence, faultlessness, perfectness in the taking of auspices: id silentium dicimus in auspiciis, quod omni vitio caret, etc., Cic. Div. 2, 34, 71; cf. Fest. p. 348 Müll.; s. v. sinistrum, p. 351 ib.; and v. Becker, Antiq. vol. 2, pars 3, p. 76 sq.
- II. Transf., a standstill (opp. to motion or activity); cessation, repose, inaction, tranquillity, etc. (rare but class.): mundus caeli vastus constitit silentio, Enn. ap. Macr. 6, 2 med.: silentium perpetuum judiciorum ac fori, Cic. Pis. 14, 32; cf. Tac. Agr. 39: vitam silentio transire, Sall. C. 1, 1: silentium otiumque inter armatos, Liv. 2, 45: biduum deinde silentium fuit neutris transgredientibus amnem, id. 37, 38: idem praeturae tenor et silentium, Tac. Agr. 6: quantum distant a morte silentia vitae? Sil. 3, 145.
sĭlentus, a, um, adj. [sileo], silent, quiet: loca, Laev. ap. Gell. 19, 7, 7.
Sīlēnus, i, m., = Σειληνός.
- I. Silenus, the tutor and constant attendant of Bacchus; represented as baldheaded, with short horns and a flat nose, as drunken, lascivious, and mounted on an ass, Hor. A. P. 239; Verg. E. 6, 14; Ov. A. A. 1, 543; id. F. 1, 399; 1, 413; 6, 339; id. M. 11, 90; 11, 99; Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 114; Hyg. Fab. 191.
Plur.: Sīlēni, gods of the woods, satyrs, Cat. 64, 252; Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 110; cf. Serv. Verg. E. 6, 14.
- II. A Greek historian, Cic. Div. 1, 24, 49; Liv. 26, 49; Nep. Hann. 13, 3; Plin. 4, 22, 36, § 120.
sĭlĕo, ŭi (perf. pass. silitum est, Aug. Civ. Dei, 16, 2), 2, v. n. and a. [cf. Goth. silan, ana-silan, to be silent; Germ. seltsam, selten], to be noiseless, still, or silent, to keep silence; act., not to speak of, to keep silent respecting a thing (class.; stronger than tacere).
- I. Lit.
- (α) Absol.: silete et tacete atque animum advortite, Plaut. Poen. prol. 3; id. Capt. 3, 1, 20: optimum quemque silere, Liv. 39, 27 fin.: muta silet virgo, Ov. M. 10, 389: lingua, sile, id. P. 2, 2, 61: sedentibus ac silentibus cunctis, Suet. Claud. 21: obstrepentes forte ranas silere jussit, id. Aug. 94.
- (β) With de: cum ceteri de nobis silent, Cic. Sull. 29, 80: de dracone silet, id. Div. 2, 30, 65: de re publicā ut sileremus, id. Brut. 42, 157; cf. id. ib. 76, 266; cf. Fabri ad Sall. J. 19, 2.
Impers. pass.: de jurgio siletur, Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 13; Cic. Div. in Caecil. 10, 32; Sall. C. 2, 8: usque ab Abraham de justorum aliquorum commemoratione silitum est, Aug. Civ. Dei, 16, 2.
- (γ) With acc.: quae hoc tempore sileret omnia, Cic. Clu. 6, 18: tu hoc silebis, id. Att. 2, 18, 3: neque te silebo, Liber, Hor. C. 1, 12, 21; cf. id. ib. 4, 9, 31: fortia facta, Ov. M. 12, 575: alium silere quod voles, Sen. Hippol. 876: nulla me tellus silet, id. Herc. Oet. 39; cf.: facti culpa silenda mihi, Ov. Tr. 2, 208.
Pass.: ea res siletur, Cic. Fl. 3, 6: quod ego praetermitto et facile patior sileri, id. Cat. 1, 6, 14: ne nunc quidem post tot saecula sileantur, Liv. 27, 10, 7: per quem tria verba silentur, Ov. F. 1, 47: mala causa silenda est, id. P. 3, 1, 147: quisquis ille, sileatur, Plin. Ep. 8, 22, 4; cf. Tac. Agr. 41.
Part. pass. as subst.: sĭlenda, ōrum, mysteries, secrets, Liv. 39, 10, 5; cf. Curt. 6, 25, 3.
- (δ) With rel.clause: quā tulerit mercede, silet, Ov. M. 7, 688.
* (ε) With obj.-clause: ut sileat verbum facere, Auct. B. Hisp. 3, 7.
- 2. Of things (mostly poet.): intempesta silet nox, Verg. G. 1, 247: silet aequor, id. E. 9, 57: mare, Val. Fl. 7, 542: immotae frondes, Ov. M. 7, 187: umidus aër, id. ib.: aura, Col. 2, 21, 5: venti, id. 12, 25, 4: tranquillo silet immotāque attollitur undā Campus, Verg. A. 5, 127; cf.: silent late loca, id. ib. 9, 190: tempus erat quo cuncta silent, Ov. M. 10, 446; cf. also infra P. a.
Act.: si chartae sileant quod bene feceris, Hor. C. 4, 8, 21.
- II. Transf., to be still or quiet (opp. to being in action), to remain inactive, to rest, cease (in class. prose, for the most part only of things; cf. quiesco): et cycnea mele Phoebeaque Carmina consimili ratione oppressa silerent, Lucr. 2, 506: silent diutius Musae Varronis quam solebant, Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 2: silent leges inter arma, id. Mil. 4, 10: si quando ambitus sileat, id. Leg. 3, 17, 39: ne sileret sine fabulis hilaritas, Petr. 110, 6.
Of persons: fixaque silet Gradivus in hastā, Val. Fl. 4, 281: nec ceterae nationes silebant (with arma movere), Tac. H. 3, 47.
Hence, sĭlens, entis (abl. silente; but -ti, Liv. 23, 35, 18 al.; Ov. M. 4, 84; neutr. plur. silenta loca, Laev. ap. Gell. 19, 7, 7; gen. plur. (poet.) silentum, Verg. A. 6, 432; Ov. M. 5, 356 al.), P. a., still, calm, quiet, silent: nocte silenti, Ov. M. 4, 84; Verg. A. 4, 527: silenti nocte, Liv. 26, 5, 9; Petr. poët. 89, 2, 32: silente nocte, Tib. 1, 5, 16: silente caelo, Plin. 18, 28, 69, § 279: silenti agmine ducam vos, Liv. 25, 38; so, silenti agmine, id. 31, 38 fin.; 35, 4: per lucos silentes, Verg. G. 1, 476: vultu defixus uterque silenti, Val. Fl. 7, 407: umbrae silentes, i. e. the dead, Verg. A. 6, 264; called populus silens, Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 237; more freq. as subst.: sĭlentes, um, comm., the dead: umbrae silentum, Ov. M. 15, 797; so, rex silentum, id. ib. 5, 356: sedes, id. ib. 15, 772; Val. Fl. 1, 750; cf.: Aeacus jura silentibus illic Reddit, Ov. M. 13, 25.
The Pythagoreans were also called Silentes for the five years during which they were to listen to the instructions of Pythagoras: coetus silentum, Ov. M. 15, 66; hence, silentes anni, these five years of the Pythagoreans, Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 157: luna silenti, not shining, i. e. at the end of the month, Cato, R. R. 29; 40; 50; Col. 2, 10, 11; cf. Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 190: sarmentum, not yet shooting forth, Col. 4, 29, 1: vineae, id. 4, 27, 1: surculi, id. 11, 2, 26: flos, id. 12, 7, 1: ova, in which the chicks do not yet move, id. 8, 5, 15.
With ab: dies silens a ventis, Col. 4, 29, 5.
Hence, adv.: sĭlenter, silently, Juvenc. 3, 462; Vulg. 1, Reg. 24, 5.
1. sīler, ĕris, n., a kind of brook-willow, Plin. 16, 18, 31, § 77; 24, 10, 44, § 73; Verg. G. 2, 12 Serv.
2. Sĭler, v. Silarus.
Sĭlĕrus, i, v. Silarus.
sĭlesco, ĕre, v. inch. n. [sileo], to become still, silent, calm, or quiet (rare; not in Cic.; syn. obmutesco): dum hae silescunt turbae, Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 10: deum domus alta silescit, Verg. A. 10, 101: caeli furor aequinoctialis Zephyri silescit auris, Cat. 46, 3: venti silescunt, Ov. Tr. 2, 151.
sĭlex, ĭcis, m. (poet. and late Lat.; also fem., Verg. E. 1, 15; id. A. 6, 471; 6, 602; 8, 233; Ov. M. 9, 225; 9, 304; 9, 613; Amm. 14, 6, 16; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 2; gen. plur. silicum, Lucr. 6, 683; Luc. 4, 304) [root sar-, to be firm; cf.: solum, solidus].
- I. Any hard stone found in fields, a pebble-stone, a flint, flint-stone: silicem caedere, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 85: silice vias sternere, Liv. 41, 27; cf. id. 41, 27, § 7: silici scintillam excudere, Verg. A. 1, 174: gravem medios silicem jaculatus in hostes, Ov. M. 7, 139 et saep.: per ampla spatia urbis, subversasque silices, pavements, Amm. 14, 6, 16; cf.: silicem pedibus quae conteret atrum, Juv. 6, 350.
Freq. joined with lapis: Ag. Illa mulier lapidem silicem subigere, ut se amet, potest. Mi. Pol id quidem haud mentire: nam tu es lapide silice stultior, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 77 sq.; Cato, R. R. 18, 3; Liv. 30, 43; Fest. s. v. lapidem, p. 115 Müll.; and in inscrr.: II VIRI VIAM LAPID(e) SILIC(e) STERN(endam) CVR(averunt), Inscr. Bull. dell’ Inst. 1839, p. 60; so Inscr. Orell. 6617.
With saxum: porcum saxo silice percussit, Liv. 1, 24 fin.
To denote hard-heartedness: non silice nati sumus, Cic. Tusc. 3, 6, 12: nec in tenero stat tibi corde silex, Tib. 1, 1, 64: nec rigidas silices in pectore gerit, Ov. M. 9, 614: et dicam silices pectus habere tuum, id. Tr. 3, 11, 4: moturaque duras Verba queror silices, id. M. 9, 304.
- II. In gen., a rock, crag (poet.), Lucr. 6, 683: validi silices, id. 1, 571; 2, 449: stabat acuta silex praecisis undique saxis, Verg. A. 8, 233: nudus silex, bare rick, Sen. Phoen. 69: excisae rupes durissimi silicis, Suet. Calig. 37: juventus duris silicum lassata metallis, Luc. 4, 304: Lycius Phrygiusque silex, Stat. S. 1, 2, 148.
Of limestone, Ov. M. 7, 107; cf. Plin. 36, 23, 53, § 174.
Sīlĭānus, a, um, v. Silius.
sĭlĭcārĭus, ii, m. [silex], one that paves roads with pebble-stones, a pavior, Front. Aquaed. 117; Inscr. Grut. 645.
sĭlĭcernĭum, ii, n.
- I. A funeral feast, Caecil. ap. Fest. p. 294 Müll.; Varr. ap. Non. 48, 9; Mart. Cap. 8, § 805; cf. Becker, Gallus, vol. 3, p. 296 (2d ed.).
Hence, a term of abuse applied to an old man: te exercebo hodie, silicernium, drybones, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 48; for which, in masc.: sĭlĭcernĭus, Cinc. ap. Fulg. 560, 21.
- II. A kind of sausage, Arn. 7, 229.
Silĭces, um, m., a mountain-tribe in Asia: montani, Plin. 6, 26, 30, § 118.
* sĭlĭcĕus, a, um, adj. [silex], of flint or limestone, silicious: saxa, Vitr. 8, 3 fin.: lapides, Cato, R. R. 18, 3.
Trop.: cor, Laev. ap. Gell. 19, 7, 10.
sĭlĭcĭa, ae, f., a plant, also called faenum Graecum, fenugreek, Plin. 18, 16, 39, § 140; 24, 19, 120, § 184; called also siliqua, Col. 2, 10, 33; 11, 2, 71.
* sĭlĭcŭla, ae, f. dim. [siliqua], a little husk or pod, a silicle, Varr. R. R. 1, 23, 3.
sĭlīgĭnārĭus, ii, m. [siligo], a baker of wheat-flour, Dig. 47, 2, 52, § 11; Inscr. Orell. 1810; Inscr. Rein. cl. 1, n. 254; Inscr. Don. cl. 9, n. 11.
sĭlīgĭnĕus (late form sĭlīgnus, Dynam. 1, 7), adj. [siligo], of wheat, wheaten: farina, Cato, R. R. 121; Plin. 18, 9, 20, § 88: panis, Varr. ap. Non. 88, 14; Sen. Ep. 123, 2; Vop. Aurel. 35: cunni, i. e. wheaten loaves of obscene form, Mart. 9, 3, 3; cf. Priapus, id. 14, 69 in lemm.
sĭlīgo, ĭnis, f.
- I. A kind of very white wheat, winter-wheat: Triticum hibernum, Linn.; Cato, R. R. 35, 1?? Varr. R. R. 1, 23, 2; Cels. 2, 19; Col. 2, 6, 2; 2, 9, 5; 2, 9, 13; Plin. 18, 8, 20, § 85; 18, 7, 10, § 61.
- II. Transf., fine wheaten flour, Plin. 18, 9, 20, § 85; Juv. 5, 70; 6, 472.
sĭlĭqua, ae, f.
- I. Lit., a pod or husk of leguminous plants, Varr. R. R. 1, 23, 3; Plin. 18, 12, 30, § 120; Verg. G. 1, 74.
- B. Transf.: sĭlĭquae, ārum, pulse, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 123; Pers. 3, 55; Juv. 11, 58.
- II. Siliqua Graeca, the carob-tree, a carob, St. John’s bread, Col. 5, 10, 20; 7, 9, 6; id. Arb. 25, 1; also simply siliqua, Plin. 15, 24, 26, § 95; 23, 8, 79, § 151; Pall. Febr. 25, 27; id. Insit. 117.
A variety of the same is called siliqua Syriaca, Plin. 23, 8, 79, § 151; Scrib. Comp. 121.
- III. The same as faenum Graecum; v. silicia.
- IV. The name of a very small weight or measure, Rhem. Fan. Pond. 10; Veg. 1, 20, 2.
As a coin, the twenty-fourth part of a solidus, Cod. Just. 4, 32, 26 fin.
sĭlĭquastrum, i, n., a plant, also called piperitis, pepperwort, Plin. 19, 12, 62, § 187; 20, 17, 66, § 174.
sĭlĭquor, āri, v. dep. [siliqua, I.], to put forth or get pods, Plin. 17, 9, 6, § 54; 18, 7, 10, § 59.
Silis, is, m., the name of several rivers.
- 1. I. q. Jaxartes, Plin. 6, 16, 18, § 49.
- 2. I. q. Tanais, the Don, Plin. 6, 7, 7, § 20.
- 3. A river in the Venetian territories, Plin. 3, 18, 22, § 126.
Sīlĭus, i, m., the name of a Roman gens.
- 1. P. Silius Nerva, a proprœtor in Bithynia and Pontus, to whom are addressed the letters Cic. Fam. 13, 47, and 61 sqq.; cf. id. Att. 10, 13, 3.
- 2. T. Silius, a military tribune under Cœsar, Caes. B. G. 3, 7 fin.
- 3. C. Silius Italicus, a celebrated Roman poet in the latter half of the first century of the Christian era, author of a poem still extant, called Punica, Plin. Ep. 3, 7; Mart. 4, 14, 1; v. Bähr, Röm. Lit. 9, § 63 sq.
Hence, Sīlĭānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Silius, Silian: villa, negotium, Cic. Att. 12, 27; cf. id. ib. 12, 31.
† sillŏgrăphus, i, m., = σιλλογράφος, a writer of lampoons or satires, Amm. 22, 16, 16.
sillybus, i, m., = σίλλυβον, a kind of thistle, Plin. 22, 22, 42, § 85; 26, 7, 25, § 40 (but the true reading, Cic. Att. 4, 5, 3; 4, 8, a, 2, is sittybus, q. v.).
1. sĭlo, ōnis, v. 1. silus.
2. Sĭlo, ōnis, v. 2. Silus.
† silphĭum, ii, n., = σίλφιον, a plant, called in pure Latin laserpitium, Cato, R. R. 157, 7; Plin. 19, 3, 15, § 38; 22, 23, 48, § 100 (Col. 6, 17, 7; 12, 7, 4, written as Greek).
Silpia, ae, f., a city of Hispania Baetica, prob. Linares, Liv. 28, 12.
Silŭres, um, m., = Σίλυρες, a warlike people of Britain, Plin. 4, 16, 30, § 103; Tac. A. 12, 32; id. Agr. 11 and 17; cf. Mannert, Britan. p. 53 sq.
† sĭlūrus, i, m., = σίλουρος, a riverfish, prob. the sheat-fish: Silurus glanis, Linn.; Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 44; 32, 9, 33, § 104; Lucil. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 47 Müll; Juv. 4, 33; 14, 132; Aus. Mos. 135.
1. sĭlus, a, um, adj., having a broad, turned-up nose, pug-nosed, snub-nosed, σιμός (cf. simus): ecquos (deos arbitramur) silos, flaccos, frontones? etc., Cic. N. D. 1, 29, 80; ante-class. collat. form sīlo, ōnis, m., Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 11; Varr. ap. Non. 25, 25.
2. Sĭlus, i, or Sīlo, ōnis, m. [1. silus], a Roman surname, esp. of the gens Sergia.
- 1. M. Sergius Orata Silus, Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 285.
- 2. M. Sergius Silus, Liv. 32, 27, 7; Eckhel. D. N. 5, p. 306.
- 3. Domitius Silus, Tac. A. 15, 59 fin. al.
- 4. In the form Silo: Arruntius Silo, Dig. 48, 19, 27; cf. Plin. 11, 37, 59, § 158.
silva (less correctly sylva), ae (old gen. silvaï; silua as trisyl., Hor. C. 1, 23, 4; id. Epod. 13, 2; cf. Prisc. p. 546 P.), f. [cf. Gr. ὕλη],, a wood, forest, woodland (syn.: saltus, nemus, lucus).
- I. Lit.: (lupus) Conicit in silvam sese, Enn. ap. Non. 378, 19 (Ann. v. 75 Vahl.): omne sonabat Arbustum fremitu silvaï frondosaï, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 197 ib.): (ignes) Conficerent silvas, Lucr. 1, 906: per silvas profundas, id. 5, 41; so id. 5, 992: densa et aspera, Cic. Att. 12, 15; id. Div. 1, 50, 114: (Ancus Marcius) silvas maritimas omnes publicavit, id. Rep. 2, 18, 33: rursus ex silvā in nostros impetum facerent, Caes. B. G. 2, 19: Caesar silvas caedere instituit, id. ib. 3, 29: juga coepta movere Silvarum, Verg. A. 6, 257: dea silvarum, i. e. Diana, Ov. M. 3, 163; cf.: silvarum numina, Fauni Et Satyri fratres, id. ib. 6, 392: nemorosis abdita silvis, id. ib. 10, 687: stabula silvis obscura vetustis, id. ib. 6, 521: gloria silvarum pinus, Stat. S. 5, 1, 151: formidolosae, Hor. Epod. 5, 55: salubres, id. Ep. 1, 4, 4: virentes, Cat. 34, 10: Silvius, casu quodam in silvis natus, Liv. 1, 3, 6.
- B. Transf.
- 1. A plantation of trees, an orchard, a grove; a growth or crop of other plants, bush, foliage, etc. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose): signa in silvā disposita, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 19, § 51: domūs amoenitas silvā constabat, Nep. Att. 13, 2; Sen. Ep. 86, 3; cf.: inter silvas Academi quaerere verum, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 45: tristis lupini Sustuleris fragiles calamos silvamque sonantem, Verg. G. 1, 76; 1, 152; 2, 310; 4, 273; Ov. M. 1, 346; 3, 80; 12, 352; Grat. Cyneg. 47; Col. 7, 9, 7 al.: i. q. frondes, foliage, Ov. M. 7, 242: congeries silvae, of wood, id. ib. 9, 235.
- 2. In plur., trees (poet.): nemus omne intendat vertice silvas, Prop. 1, 14, 5: silvarum aliae pressos propaginis arcus Exspectant, Verg. G. 2, 26: fractis obtendunt limina silvis, Stat. Th. 2, 248; cf. Luc. 2, 409; 4, 525: bracchia silvarum, Stat. Th. 1, 362; id. S. 4, 3, 79; 3, 3, 98; Sen. Oedip. 542.
- II. Trop., a crowded mass, abundance or quantity (class.; in Cic. sometimes with quasi): omnis ubertas et quasi silva dicendi ducta ab illis (Academicis) est, Cic. Or. 3, 12; cf. id. ib. 41, 139: silvae satis ad rem, Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 18: silva rerum, sententiarumque, Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 103: silva virtutum et vitiorum, id. ib. 3, 30, 118: silva observationum sermonis antiqui, Suet. Gram. 24 fin.
Poet.: immanis, an immense forest (of darts), Verg. A. 10, 887; cf.: densam ferens in pectore silvam, a forest (of darts), Luc. 6, 205 Cort.: horrida siccae Silva comae, a bristling forest, Juv. 9, 13: Silva, as the title of a book; cf. Gell. Noct. Att. praef. § 6; Quint. 10, 3, 17.
So the Silvae of Statius.
‡ Silvānae, ārum (dat. Silvanabus), f. [silva], female wood-deities, Inscr. Orell. 2103.
Silvānus (Sylv-), i, m. [silva].
- I. Silvanus, a deity presiding over woods and all places planted with trees, the god of woods, the rural Mars, Cato, R. R. 83; Verg. E. 10, 24; id. A. 8, 600; id. G. 1, 20; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 143; id. C. 3, 29, 23; id. Epod. 2, 22; Ov. M. 14, 639; Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 8; 4, 6, 10; Cic. N. D. 2, 35, 89; Inscr. Orell. 276; 328; 333; 882; 1587 sq. al.
- II. Transf., plur., the gods of woods and fields, sylvan deities, sylvans, Ov. M. 1, 193; Luc. 3, 403; Inscr. Orell. 1616.
- III. A Roman proper name, Aur. Vict. Caes. 42.
silvātĭcus (sylv-), a, um, adj. [silva].
- I. Of or belonging to a wood or to trees, wood-: falces, Cato, R. R. 11, 4; Varr. R. R. 1, 22, 5.
- II. Transf., of plants and animals, growing or running wild, wild: laurus, mala, pirus. etc., Cato, R. R. 8, 2; 143, 3: pirus, Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 5: sus, id. ap. Non. 555, 31; Pall. Aug. 8, 5: mus, Plin. 30, 8, 22, § 70.
silvesco (sylv-), ĕre,
- I. v. inch. n. [id.], of the grape-vine, to grow or run wild, to run to wood: (vitis) ne silvescat sarmentis, Cic. Sen. 15, 52: nec pati vitem silvescere, Col. 4, 11, 2.
- II. Transf.: capilli silvescentium crinium velleribus involuti, Arn. 3, p. 109.
silvestris (silvester, Plin. 14, 16, 19, § 110; Col. 1, praef. 25; Sen. Hippol. 460; also written sylv-), e (collat. form, dat. SILVANO SILVESTRO, Inscr. Orell. 4990; gen. plur. sync. silvestrum, Att. Trag. Rel. v. 256 Rib.), adj. [silva].
- I. Of or belonging to a wood or forest, overgrown with woods, wooded, woody (class.; syn. saltuosus): collis silvestris, Caes. B. G. 2, 18: mons, Varr. R. R. 1, 12, 1; Cic. N. D. 2, 53, 132: locus, id. Lael. 19, 68; Caes. B. G. 5, 19; 6, 34; 7, 35; Liv. 27, 26, 7: saltus, Curt. 4, 3, 21: antra, Ov. M. 13, 47: ager, Col. 11, 2, 52; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 186: via (with inculta), Cic. Brut. 74, 259: silvestris et montuosus situs (opp. campestris), Col. 7, 2, 3: silvestria saecla ferarum, Lucr. 5, 965; cf. id. 5, 1410: belua, i. e. a she-wolf, Cic. Rep. 2, 2, 4; hence also: uber, i. e. of a she-wolf, Prop. 3, 9 (4, 8), 51: homines, living in woods, foresters, Hor. A. P. 391: numen, sphinx, Plin. 36, 12, 17, § 77 (Jahn reads de quā siluere): bellum, Lucr. 5, 1244: silvestri nata sub umbrā fraga, Ov. M. 13, 815: silvestria virgulta, i. e. foresttrees (opp. prolem olivae), Verg. G. 2, 2.
Subst.: silvestrĭa, ĭum, woodlands, forest: an culta ex silvestribus facere potui, Liv. 38, 49, 7; Plin. 25, 7, 33, § 70.
- II. Transf.
- A. Of plants and animals, growing wild, wild: tauri, Plin. 8, 21, 30, § 74: arietes (with feri), Col. 7, 2, 4: gallinae, id. 7, 8, 12: arbor, Verg. E. 3, 70: arbores silvestres ac ferae, Col. 3, 1, 2: pruni, id. 2, 2, 20: faba, Plin. 18, 12, 30, § 121: mel, id. 11, 16, 15, § 41; Vulg. Matt. 3, 4: cicer, Plin. 22, 25, 72, § 148: oliva, Ov. M. 2, 681: corna, Hor. S. 2, 2, 57 et saep.
Comp.: silvestriora omnia tardiora, Plin. 16, 27, 50, § 116; 22, 25, 71, § 146.
- B. In gen., for agrestis, sylvan, rural, pastoral (poet.): Musa, Lucr. 4, 589; Verg. E. 1, 2 (for which, agrestis, id. ib. 6, 8): truculentus et silvester, Sen. Hippol. 461.
Silvĭa, v. 1, Rhea.
silvĭcŏla (sylv-), ae, comm. [silvacolo], inhabiting woods, sylvan (poet.): silvicolae homones, Naev. B. Pun. 2, 17: viri, Prop. 3, 13 (4, 12), 34: Faunus, Verg. A. 10, 551: Pales, Ov. F. 4, 746.
* silvĭ-cultrix (sylv-), īcis, adj. f. [silva], living in the woods: cerva, Cat. 63, 72.
* silvĭfrăgus (sylv-), a, um, adj. [silva-frango], breaking or crushing the forest or trees: flabra venti, Lucr. 1, 275.
silvĭger (sylv-), gĕra, gĕrum, adj. [silva-gero], bearing woods, wooded, woody (very rare): montes, Plin. 31, 3, 26, § 43: DEVS, a sylvan deity, Inscr. Orell. 1488 (perhaps spurious).
Silvīni, ōrum, m., a people of Apulia, Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 105.
Silvĭus, ii, m., the name of several kings of Alba Longa, Liv. 1, 3; Verg. A. 6, 769; Ov. M. 14, 610.
Hence the fem. Silvia; v. 1. Rhea.
silvōsus, a, um, adj. [silva], full of woods or trees, woody: saltus, Liv. 9, 2, 7: rami emicant silvosā multitudine, forestlike, Plin. 12, 5, 11, § 23; so, crebrae arbores et silvosae, Vitr. 8, 1 fin.
silvŭla, ae, f. dim. [silva], a little wood, a copse (very rare), Col. 8, 15, 4; Sid. Carm. 9, 229.
† sīlybum, i, n., = sillybus, q v.