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raudus (also rōdus and rūdus), ĕris, n. [kindr. with rudis; cf.: crudus, crudelis], a rude mass; hence, in partic., a piece of brass used as a coin (an old word): rodus vel raudus significat rem rudem et imperfectam. Nam saxum quoque raudus appellant poëtae, ut Attius in Menalippo: manibus rapere raudus saxeum grandem et gravem. Vulgus quidem in usu habuit non modo pro aere imperfecto, sed etiam pro signato … in aestimatione censoriă aes infectum rudus appellatur, Fest. s. v. rodus, p. 265 Müll.: aes raudus dictum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 163 ib.: olim aera raudera dicebantur, Val. Max. 5, 6, 3: χαλκὸς ἀνέργαστος rudus, Gloss. Philox.: sculptor ab eris Rudere decoctam consuevit fingere massam, Prud. Apoth. 792: cum rudera milites jacerent, Liv. 26, 11, 9 Weissenb.

rauduscŭlum (rōd- and rūd-), i, n. dim. [raudus].

  1. I. A little piece of brass used as a coin (an old word): in mancipando cum dicitur: Rudusculo libram ferito, asse tangitur libra, Fest. s. v. rodus, p. 265 Müll.; v. raudus.
    Hence,
  2. II. Transf., a small sum of money: de raudusculo Numeriano multum te amo, in regard to that little debt of Numerius, Cic. Att. 7, 2, 7: de raudusculo quod scribis, id. ib. 4, 8, a, § 1.

Rhoxŏlāni (Rox-), ōrum, m., a Scythian tribe in Eastern Europe, Plin. 4, 12, 25, § 80; Tac. H. 1, 79; Amm. 22, 8, 31.

rŏbeus, a, um, v. 1. rubeus.

Rōbīgālĭa (Rūbīg-), ĭum, n. [Robigus], a yearly festival held in honor of Robigus on the 25th of April, Varr. L. L. 6, § 16 Müll.; id. R. R. 1, 1, 6; Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 284 sq.; Fest. p. 267 Müll.; Calend. Praen. s. h. d.; Inscr. Orell. II. pp. 388 and 389; Serv. Verg. G. 1, 151.

* rōbīgĭno (rūbīg-), āre, v. n. [robigo], to contract rust, to rust, App. Flor. 3, p. 357, 32.

rōbīgĭnōsus (rūbīg-), a, um, adj. [robigo], rusty.

  1. I. Lit.: strigilis, Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 77: gladius (opp. splendidus), Fronto Eloq. p. 230 Mai: telum sanguine, App. de Deo Socr. p. 45, 6.
  2. * II. Trop.: rubiginosis dentibus cuncta rodit, i.e. envious, Mart. 5, 28, 7.

rōbīgo (rūb-), ĭnis, f. [robus = ruber; formed like aerugo, ferrugo], rust of metals.

  1. I. Lit.: hoc quidem pol e robigine, non e ferro factum est, Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 13: exesa inveniet scabra robigine pila, Verg. G. 1, 495: salsā laedit robigine ferrum, id. ib. 2, 220; Plin. 7, 15, 13, § 64: non rubigo ulla, non aerugo, id. 33, 3, 19, § 62.
    1. B. Transf.
      1. 1. Rust, blight, mildew, smut, mouldiness, on grain, Varr. L. L. 6, § 16 Müll.; id. R. R. 1, 1, 6; Col. 2, 11, 5; id. Arb. 13; id. poët. 10, 342; Plin. 18, 28, 68, § 275; 18, 28, 69, § 279; Hor. C. 3, 23, 7 al.; cf. Robigus and Robigalia.
      2. 2. The deposit, mould, etc., that collects on millstones, Plin. 36, 18, 30, § 136; on the teeth, Ov. M. 2, 776; 8, 802; id. A. A. 1, 515; an ulcer in a wound, Calp. Ecl. 5, 76; a sore, ulcer, produced by lewdness, Varr. ap. Serv. Verg. G. 1, 151.
  2. II. Trop., rust (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): ingenium longa rubigine laesum Torpet, Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 21: animorum, Sen. Ep. 95, 36; 7, 7: horridae vetustatis, Val. Max. 2, 9, 5.
    As personified, v. Robigus fin.

Rōbīgus (Rūbīg-), i, m., or Rōbī-go, ĭnis, f. [robigo, I. B. 1.], a god of the Romans, who averted mildew, Varr. L. L. 6, § 16 Müll.; id. R. R. 1, 1, 6; Fest. p. 267 Müll.; Serv. Verg. G. 1, 151; Gell. 5, 12, 14; cf. Robigalia.
Acc. to Ov. F. 4, 907; Tert. Spect. 15 fin., and Lact. 1, 20, 17, this was a female deity, and was called Robigo.

* rōbŏrārĭum, ii, n. [robur], an enclosure for animals, built of oaken boards (= vivarium), Scip. Afric. ap. Gell. 2, 20, 5 sq.

* rōbŏrasco, ĕre, v. inch. n. [id.], to grow strong, vigorous: ramus (pueri), Nov. ap. Non. 116, 26 (Com. Rel. p. 218 Rib.).

rōbŏrātus, a, um, Part. and P. a. of roboro.

rōbŏrĕus, a, um, adj. [robur], oaken, of oak, oak-: pons, Ov. F. 5, 622: axes, Col. 6, 19, 1; 6, 30, 2: materies, id. 11, 2, 13: ligna, Plin. 28, 8, 29, § 113.

rōbŏro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [robur], to make strong; to strengthen, invigorate, confirm (rare but class.).

  1. I. Lit.: artus, Lucr. 4, 1038: equum largo cibo, Col. 6, 27, 8: nidos stramento, Plin. 10, 33, 49, § 92: vitem, id. 17, 22, 35, § 175: spicam, id. 18, 28, 67, § 260.
  2. II. Trop.: gravitatem perpetuā constantiā, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 112; cf.: haec omnia exercitatione plurimā, Quint. 8, prooem. § 28: recti cultus pectora roborant, Hor. C. 4, 4, 34: educata hujus nutrimentis eloquentia ipsa se postea colorat et roborat, becomes strong, Cic. Or. 13, 42: regnum, Vulg. 2 Par. 11, 17.
    Hence, * rōbŏrātus, a, um, P. a., strengthened, strong, vigorous: roboratior exitus, Tert. Anim. 25; Hier. Cont. Pel. 3, 8.

rōbŏrōsus, a, um, adj. [robur], stiff, rigid (late Lat.): passio, a cramp, spasm, Veg. 3, 24, 1: tetanici, id. 3, 24, 1, § 2.

rōbur (rōbor, v. Lucr. p. 140 Lachm.; also an older form rōbus, Cato, R. R. 17, 1; Col. 2, 6, 1; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 264 Müll.), ŏris, n. [cf. Sanscr. radh-as, abundance; Gr. ῤώννυμι for ῤώθνυμι, to strengthen, ῤώμη], a very hard kind of oak (cf.: quercus, ilex), Plin. 16, 6, 8, § 19; 16, 7, 10, § 28; 16, 38, 73, § 186; 16, 40, 76, § 204; 16, 40, 77, § 218.
Hence,

  1. I. Lit.
      1. 1. In gen., a very hard kind of tree or wood: morsus roboris, i. e. of the wild olive, Verg. A. 12, 783 (a little before: foliis oleaster amaris Hic steterat); so of the same, id. G. 2, 305; cf.: solido de robore myrtus, id. ib. 2, 64: annoso validam robore quercum, i. e. of an old and sturdy trunk, id. A. 4, 441; so, annoso robore quercus, Ov. M. 8, 743: antiquo robore quercus, with ancient trunk, Verg. G. 3, 332: Massyla, i. e. citri, Stat. S. 3, 3, 94; also, Maurorum, id. ib. 4, 2, 39.
      2. 2. Absol., usu., an oak-tree, an oak in gen.: fixa est pariter cum robore cervix, i. e. was pinned fast to the oak, Ov. M. 3, 92: agitata robora pulsant (delphines), id. ib. 1, 303.
      3. 3. Oak-wood, oak: naves totae factae ex robore, Caes. B. G. 3, 13; cf.: (sapiens) non est e saxo sculptus aut e robore dolatus, Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101; and with this cf. id. Div. 2, 41, 85.
        Poet.: illi robur et aes triplex Circa pectus erat, Hor. C. 1, 3, 9; cf.: o saxis nimirum et robore nati! Stat. Th. 4, 340.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Of things made of oak or of any other hard wood.
      1. 1. In gen.: Lacedaemonii cottidianis epulis in robore accumbunt, i. e. on oaken, hard benches, Cic. Mur. 35, 74.
        So of the wooden horse before Troy: sacrum, Verg. A. 2, 230; of a lance: ferro praefixum, id. ib. 10, 479; Sil. 2, 244; 267; of a club, Ov. M. 12, 349; Mart. 9, 44, 4 et saep.: aratri, i. e. the oaken plough, Verg. G. 1, 162; Val. Fl. 7, 555.
      2. 2. In partic., the lower and stronger part of the prison at Rome, built by Servius Tullius, was called Robur (also Tullianum): Robus in carcere dicitur is locus, quo praecipitatur maleficorum genus, quod ante arcis robusteis includebatur, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. robum, p. 264 Müll.: in robore et tenebris exspiret, Liv. 38, 59 fin.: robur et saxum minitari, Tac. A. 4, 29; Val. Max. 6, 3, 1: verbera, carnifices, robur, Lucr. 3, 1017; Hor. C. 2, 13, 19 (v. carcer and Tullianum).
    2. B. Hardness, strength, firmness, vigor, power (cf. vires; v. Fabri ad Liv. 21, 1, 2).
      1. 1. Lit.: duri robora ferri, Lucr. 2, 449; so, ferri, Verg. A. 7, 609: saxi, Lucr. 1, 882: navium, Liv. 37, 30: omnia pariter crescunt et robora sumunt, gain strength, Lucr. 5, 820; 895; cf.: qui si jam satis aetatis atque roboris haberet, ipse pro Sex. Roscio diceret, Cic. Rosc. Am. 51, 149: paululum jam roboris accessit aetati, id. Cael. 30, 73: solidaeque suo stant robore vires, Verg. A. 2, 639; Vulg. Judic. 8, 21: si quod est robur, Flor. 2, 1, 1.
      2. 2. Trop., power, strength, force, vigor (very freq.): alter virtutis robore firmior quam aetatis, Cic. Phil. 10, 8, 16: in animi excelsi atque invicti magnitudine ac robore, id. Off. 1, 5, 14; so, animi (with magnitudo), id. de Or. 2, 84, 343; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95: robur incredibile animi, id. Mil. 37, 101: quantum in cujusque animo roboris est ac nervorum, id. Fam. 6, 1, 3: multo plus firmamenti ac roboris, id. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; so (with firmamentum) id. Mur. 28, 58; (with firmitas) id. Fin. 5, 5, 12: hi tot equites Romani quid roboris hujus petitioni attulerunt? id. Planc. 8, 21: pectus robore fultum, Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 11: te mea robora fallunt, id. H. 16, 367: velocitate pari, robore animi virumque praestanti, Liv. 24, 26, 11: verba quanti roboris plena, Sen. Ep 10, 3: qui robur aliquod in stilo fecerint, Quint. 10, 3, 10; cf.: robur oratorium adicere sententiis, id. 10, 5, 4; 8, prooem. § 3: illi robur et aes triplex Circa pectus erat, Hor. C. 1, 3, 9; cf.: O saxis nimirum et robore nati, Stat. Th. 4, 340.
        1. b. Authority: nostrarum constitutionum, Just. Inst. prooem. 6.
        2. c. Concr., the strongest, most effective, or best part, the pith, kernel, strength of any thing; of soldiers, the flower of the troops, choice troops, etc. (freq. and class.): versaris in optimorum civium vel flore vel robore, Cic. Or. 10, 34: et robur et suboles militum interiit, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33; cf.: quod fuit roboris, duobus proeliis interiit, Caes. B. C. 3, 87: quod roboris ea provincia habuerat, Liv. 30, 2; Ov. M. 14, 454 al.: senatūs robur, Liv. 5, 39.
          Plur.: tunc C. Flavius Pusio, Cn. Titinnius, C. Maecenas, illa robora populi Romani, Cic. Clu. 56, 163: haec sunt nostra robora, id. Att. 6, 5, 3; Liv. 7, 7; 12; 21, 54; 22, 6; 23, 16; 25, 6 init.: robora pubis, Verg. A. 8, 518; Ov. M. 7, 510: ingentia robora virorum, Plin. Pan. 34, 3: conferta robora virorum, Curt. 3, 5, 13: betae, i. e. stalks, Col. poët. 10, 326.
          Of a place, a stronghold: quod coloniam virium et opum validam robur ac sedem bello legisset, Tac. H. 2, 19.
          Absol.: robus, the name of an excellent kind of wheat: quoniam et pondere et nitore praestat, Col. 2, 6, 1.

* rōburnĕus, a, um, adj. [robur], of oaks: fruges, Col. 9, 1, 5.

1. rōbus, ŏris, v. robur init.

2. rŏbus, a, um, v. 1. rubeus.

rōbustē, adv., v. robustus fin.

rōbustĕus, a, um, adj. [robur], of oak or other hard wood: scandulae, Vitr. 2, 1: pali, id. 3, 3; 5, 12.

rōbustus, a, um, adj. [robur].

  1. I. Of oakwood, oaken, oak-: capitulum, Cato, R. R. 18, 4: stipites, id. ib. 18, 8: materia, Varr. R. R. 1, 38, 3; Col. 2, 14, 6: caudices, Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 151: stipites, Liv. 38, 5: fores, Hor. C. 3, 16, 2: plaustra, id. Ep. 2, 2, 74 et saep.: carcer (referring to the Robur in the Roman carcer; v. robur, II. A. 2.), Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 13; cf. codex, id. Poen. 5, 3, 39.
  2. II. Transf., hard, firm, solid, strong, hardy, lusty, robust (freq. and class.; syn.: valens, nervosus).
    1. A. Lit.: lapides, Plin. 36, 22, 48, § 167: cornua, id. 11, 37, 45, § 125: palmes, id. 17, 22, 35, § 175: cibus, hearty, nourishing, Cels. 2, 18: robustior cibus, id. 2, 18: triticum, Col. 2, 9, 3; Plin. 18, 17, 46, § 166; 18, 30, 72, § 298: robustissima terra, Col. 2, 2, 17: robustissimum solum, id. 1, praef. § 24: robustissima oppida, strongly fortified, Flor. 1, 12, 3.
      Esp. of persons: robusti et valentes satellites, Cic. Agr. 2, 31, 84; cf.: transit in aestatem post ver robustior annus, Fitque valens juvenis, Ov. M. 15, 206: usu atque aetate robustior, Cic. Sull. 16, 47; cf. id. Phil. 5, 16, 43; id. Cat. 2, 9, 20: robustiores vinum bibere, infirmiores aquam, Plin. 27, 4, 10, § 27: moderator aratri, Lucr. 5, 933; 6, 1253; cf. vires, id. 3, 449: puer acri militiā, Hor. C. 3, 2, 2: corpore amplo atque robusto, Suet. Tib. 68: robustissima juventus, id. Ner. 20.
    2. B. Trop., firm, solid, strong, etc.: facilius quod est propositum consequar, si nostram rem, publicam vobis et nascentem et crescentem et adultam et jam firmam atque robustam ostendero, Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 3: solidam et robustam et assiduam frequentiam praebuerunt, id. Planc. 8, 21: res vetustate robustas calumniando pervertere, id. Div. 1, 18, 35; cf.: robusta et solida eloquentia, Quint. 10, 1, 2: robusta et stabilis fortitudo, Cic. Tusc. 4, 23, 51: inveteratum (malum) fit plerumque robustius, id. Phil. 5, 11, 31: quae robustioris improbitatis, id. ib. 2, 25, 63: animus (with magna constantia), id. Off. 1, 20, 67: vox, Plin. 7, 16, 17, § 76: carmen, Pers. 5, 5: amicitiae exempla, Val. Max. 4, 7, 2: populus Romanus, Flor. 2, 1, 1.
      Adv.: rōbustē, stoutly, strongly, firmly, Naz. Pan. ad Constant. 17.
      Comp., Aug. Conf. 8, 11.
      Sup.: robustissime, Cassiod. Var. 12, 21.

rōdo, si, sum, 3, v. a. [cf. rado], to gnaw (class.).

  1. I. Lit.: rutabulum, Novat. ap. Fest. p. 262 Müll. (Com. Rel. p. 226 Rib.): clipeos, etc. (mures), Cic. Div. 2, 27, 59: praetextam, Poët. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 19: dente pollicem, Hor. Epod. 5, 48: vivos ungues, id. S. 1, 10, 71: vitem (caper), Ov. F. 1, 357: saxa capellae, id. M. 13, 691: reliquias (mures), Phaedr. 1, 22, 6: rosus tineis, Stat. S. 4, 9, 10.
    1. B. Transf., to eat away, waste away, corrode, consume: ripas (flumina), Lucr. 5, 256: ferrum (robigo), Ov. P. 1, 1, 71: tophum (calx), Plin. 36, 22, 48, § 166.
  2. II. Trop., to backbite, slander, disparage, etc. (syn. vellico): in conviviis rodunt, Cic. Balb. 26, 57: absentem amicum, Hor. S. 1, 4, 81: libertino patre natum, id. ib. 1, 6, 46: cuncta robiginosis dentibus, Mart. 5, 28, 7; cf.: dentem dente, i. e. to speak ill of each other, id. 13, 2, 6: murmura secum et rabiosa silentia rodunt, i. e. to mutter to one’s self, Pers. 3, 81.

rōdus and rōduscŭlum, v. raud-.

rŏgālis, e, adj. [rogus], of or belonging to a funeral pile: flammae, Ov. Am. 3, 9, 41: cadaver, Sid. Ep. 3, 13; Stat. Th. 1, 112.

rŏgāmentum, i, n. [rogo], a question (post-class.), App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 31, 11.

rŏgātĭo, ōnis, f. [rogo].

  1. I. Publicists’ t. t., an inquiry of the people as to whether they will decree this or that, a proposal to the people for passing a law or decree, a proposed law or decree, a bill: quae (rogatio) de Pompeio a Gellio et a Lentulo consulibus lata est, was proposed, presented, introduced, Cic. Balb. 14, 33: quibus lege aut rogatione civitas aut libertas erepta sit, id. Caecin. 84, 100 Halm ad loc.: rogationem ferre de aliquo, id. Sull. 23, 65: in aliquem, id. Brut. 23, 89: ad populum, Caes. B. C. 3, 1: ad plebem, Liv. 33, 25: in dissuasione rogationis ejus, quae contra coloniam Narbonensem ferebatur, Cic. Clu. 51, 140: Piso lator rogationis idem erat dissuasor, id. Att. 1, 14, 5: rogationem promulgare, Sall. J. 40, 1; cf.: promulgantur uno eodemque tempore rogationes ab eodem tribuno de meā pernicie et de provinciis consulum, Cic. Sest. 10 fin.; Liv. 41, 6: suasit rogationem, recommended, spoke in favor of it, Cic. Rep. 3, 18, 28; id. Off. 3, 30, 109: intercedere rogationi, to oppose it, id. de Or. 2, 47, 197: rogationem accipere, to accept it, id. Att. 1, 14, 5; for which: rogationes jubere (opp. antiquare), Liv. 6, 39: per vim rogationem perferre, to carry through, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 3: cum provocatione rogationem pertulit, Liv. 3, 54, 15: recitare rogationis carmen, id. 3, 64, 10.
    The formula made use of in such a rogation runs thus, in Gell. 5, 19, 9: velitis jubeatis uti, etc. (here follows the proposed law; at the close): haec ita uti dixi ita vos Quirites rogo.
  2. II. Transf., in gen.,
    1. A. A question, interrogation, only as a figure of speech: rogatio atque huic finitima quasi percontatio, Cic. de Or. 3, 53, 203; Quint. 9, 1, 29.
    2. B. An asking, demanding; a prayer, entreaty, request (very rare): ego Curtium non modo rogatione sed etiam testimonio tuo diligo, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 10; id. Planc. 10, 25: injusta amici, Val. Max. 6, 4, 4; Vulg. Ecclus. 4, 4.

rŏgātĭuncŭla, ae, f. dim. [rogatio].

  1. * I. An unimportant bill or proposed law, Cic. Dom. 20, 51.
  2. II. A little question: Chrysippi, Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 39.

rŏgātor, ōris, m. [rogo].

  1. I. In publicists’ lang.,
    1. * A. One who proposes a law to the people, the proposer of a law, presenter of a bill: legum, Lucil. ap. Non. 383, 14 (v. infra, II. A.).
    2. B. An officer in the voting comitia who asked the people for their votes, a collector of votes, a polling-clerk, Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11: justus comitiorum rogator, id. Div. 1, 17, 33; 2, 35, 74: vos rogatores, vos diribitores, vos custodes fuisse tabularum, id. Pis. 15, 36.
  2. II. Transf., in gen.,
    1. * A. One who makes a proposal, a proposer (in allusion to the signif. I. A.): haec epistula non suasoris est sed rogatoris, Cic. Att. 16, 16, B, 9.
    2. B. A beggar, mendicant, Mart. 4, 30, 13; 10, 5, 4.

rŏgātus, ūs, m. [rogo], a request, suit, entreaty (Ciceron.; only in abl. sing.): Chilius te rogat et ego ejus rogatu, Cic. Att. 1, 9, 3; id. Lael. 1, 4; id. Fam. 7, 1, 4; 13, 36, 1.

* rŏgĭtātĭo, ōnis, f. [rogito], instead of the usual rogatio, a proposed law, a bill: rogitationes plurumas propter vos populus scivit, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 23.

rŏgĭto, āvi, 1, v. freq. a. [rogo], to ask or inquire with eagerness (a favorite word with Plaut. and Ter.; otherwise very rare): rogitando sum raucus factus, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 16; cf. Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 6: rogitant me, ut valeam, quid agam, Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 39; so, me, id. Am. 4, 2, 9; id. Aul. 3, 6, 15; Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 11: qui me id rogites, id. And. 4, 4, 10; cf.: illum hoc simul, id. Heaut. 5, 1, 70: pisces, to inquire for fish, Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 3: multa super Priamo rogitans, Verg. A. 1, 750; 10, 839 (the correct read., Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 35, is rogare, Umpfenb., Fleck.).

rŏgo, āvi, ātum, 1 (inf. paragog. rogarier, Cic. Caecin. 33, 95: rogassint, for rogaverint, id. Leg. 3, 3, 9), v. a. [etym. dub.; perh. for progo; kindr. with Sanscr. prac, to ask, whence also precor and procus, but referred by Corss. to the same root with Sanscr. rgus, straight; Gr. ὀρέγω; Lat. rego, rex, rogus, Krit. Beit. p. 93], to ask, question, interrogate one about a thing.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen. (so generally throughout ante-class. Lat.; less. freq. in Cic.; syn.: percontor, sciscitor, quaero), constr. aliquem aliquid, or simply aliquem, aliquid, with de, a rel.-clause, or absol. (cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 393). (a) Aliquem aliquid (class. only with acc. of neutr. pron. or adj., or with sententiam; v. infra, B. 1.): aliud te rogo, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 70: haud istuc te rogo, id. Ep. 1, 1, 49: quin tu id me rogas, id. Bacch. 2, 3, 24: hoc te rogo, quos locos adisti? id. Trin. 4, 2, 85; cf.: rogare hoc unum te volo, id. Merc. 3, 1, 17: dic mihi hoc, quod te rogo, id. Men. 5, 5, 16; id. Most. 3, 1, 130; id. Ps. 1, 3, 106; 1, 5, 64 et saep.; Ter. And. 4, 4, 12 sq.: ego patriam te rogo, quae sit tua, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 83; cf.: hanc (colubram) alia cum rogaret causam facinoris, Respondit, etc., Phaedr. 4, 17, 5.
          1. (β) Aliquem or aliquid: quos rogo, Plaut. Pers. 1, 1, 6: quem ego igitur rogem? Ter. And. 4, 4, 10: ecquem hominem tu novisti? te rogo, Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 15; men’ or me rogas? also, rogas me? in colloq. lang., do you ask that of me? how can you ask? what do you mean by asking that? Eu. Quid ego facerem? Ch. Quid tu faceres? men’ rogas? requireres, Rogitares, etc., id. Merc. 3, 4, 48; Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 11; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 5; 4, 5, 32; id. Ad. 1, 2, 2; 4, 5, 31 al.; cf.: quid me istud rogas? inquam: Stoicos roga, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 83: hoc quod rogo responde, Plaut. As. 3, 2, 32; id. Curc. 2, 1, 30; 5, 3, 30; id. Ps. 4, 2, 12 al.; Ter. And. 4, 4, 23; Suet. Caes. 82.
          2. (γ) With de: jam de istoc rogare omitte, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 90; so, de istac virgine, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 53: de te ipso, Cic. Vatin. 4, 10.
          3. (δ) With interrog.-clause: rogant me servi, quo eam? Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 83: roga ipsum, quemadmodum ego eum Arimini acceperim, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 383, 8: quodsi me populus Romanus forte roget, cur Non, etc., Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 70: quae sit, rogo, Ter. And. 1, 1, 97: rogo, num quid velit, id. Eun. 2, 3, 50: rogavi pervenissetne Agrigentum? Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 12, § 27: unde venis? et Quo tendis? rogat et respondet, Hor. S. 1, 9, 63: quid verum atque decens curo et rogo, id. Ep. 1, 1, 11.
            (ε) Absol.: prius respondes quam rogo, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 119: roganti respondebo, id. ib. 3, 1, 17: non edepol nunc, ubi terrarum, sim, scio, si quis roget, id. Am. 1, 1, 180: quin tu ergo rogas? id. As. 1, 1, 15: Ty. Quid ego deliqui? He. Rogas? id. Capt. 3, 5, 2; so id. Rud. 3, 6, 22; id. Cas. 2, 3, 35; id. Bacch. 2, 2, 28; 38 al.; Ter. And. 1, 1, 136; 1, 2, 13; 1, 5, 32 al.; cf. Cic. Mil. 22, 59: etiam rogas? do you dare to ask? Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 21; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 97; id. Merc. 1, 2, 92; Ter. And. 4, 4, 23 (v. etiam).
            Particularly as subst.: numquam nobis ad rogatum respondent, Cic. Fl. 4, 10.
    2. B. In partic. (class. in all per.).
      1. 1. Publicists’ t. t.
        1. a. Rogare aliquem (sententiam), to ask one for his opinion or vote: Racilius Marcellinum primum rogavit. Is sententiam dixit, ut, etc. … Postea Racilius de privatis me primum sententiam rogavit, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 2: quos priores sententiam rogabat, id. Rep. 2, 20, 35.
          Pass.: cum omnes ante me rogati gratias Caesari egissent, ego rogatus mutavi meum consilium, Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 4: scito primum me non esse rogatum sententiam, id. Att. 1, 13, 2: primus rogatus sententiam, Sall. C. 50, 4: is enim primus rogatus sententiam, Liv. 37, 14; Quint. 6, 3, 97 al.: propter ipsam rem, de quā sententiae rogantur, consultabitur, id. 3, 8, 18.
        2. b. Rogare populum or legem, or absol., prop., to ask the people about a law; hence, in gen., to bring the plan of a law before the people for their approval; to propose a law, introduce a bill: in aes incidi jubebitis credo illa legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt populusque jure scivit, Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 26; cf.: T. Quinctius Crispinus consul populum jure rogavit populusque jure scivit in foro pro rostris … quicumque post hanc legem rogatam rivos, specus, etc., an old legal formula ap. Front. Aquaed. 129: plebem, Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 9: legem, id. Rep. 3, 10, 17; id. Phil. 2, 29, 72; cf.: quae (leges) non in perpetuum rogentur, Quint. 2, 4, 40.
          Absol.: ego hanc legem, uti rogas, jubendam censeo, Liv. 10, 8 fin.; Quint. 2, 4, 35.
          Impers. pass.: nunc rogari, ut populus consules creet, Liv. 4, 2.
        3. c. Rogare populum magistratum, and simply magistratum, to propose a magistrate to the people for their choice, to offer him for election: factum senatus consultum, ut duo viros aediles ex patribus dictator populum rogaret, Liv. 6, 42 fin.; cf.: L. Trebonius tribunus plebis rogationem tulit, ut qui plebem Romanam tribunos plebi rogaret, is usque eo rogaret dum, etc., id. 3, 65, 4: (Caesar) volet, ut consules roget praetor vel dictatorem dicat: quorum neutrum jus est, Cic. Att. 9, 15, 2; cf.: praetores, cum ita rogentur, ut collegae consulibus sint, etc., id. ib. 9, 9, 3: hodieque in legibus magistratibusque rogandis usurpatur idem jus, Liv. 1, 17: comitia consulibus rogandis habuit, Cic. Div. 1, 17, 33; Liv. 26, 22; 38, 42; cf. id. 23, 31; 22, 35: Calpurnius Romam ad magistratus rogandos proficiscitur, Sall. J. 29, 6.
          Absol.: mortuo rege Pompilio Tullum Hostilium populus regem, interrege rogante, comitiis curiatis creavit, Cic. Rep. 2, 17, 31.
      2. 2. Milit. t. t.: rogare milites sacramento, qs. to ask the soldiers if they will take and keep an oath, i. e. to bind them by an oath, administer an oath to them, Caes. B. G. 6, 1; Liv. 32, 26; 35, 2 fin.; 40, 26; cf. Quint. 12, 2, 26.
      3. 3. Jurid. t. t., to ask a person if he will promise something in making an agreement; to propose a stipulation: quod fere novissimā parte pactorum ita solet inseri: rogavit Titius, spopondit Maevius, haec verba non tantum pactionis loco accipiuntur sed etiam stipulationis, Dig. 1, 14, 7, § 12; Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 114; 4, 6, 8; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 37.
  2. II. Transf., to ask, beg, request, solicit one for a thing (so predominantly in the class. per.; syn.: posco, oro, obsecro, ambio, capto); constr. aliquem (rarely ab aliquo) aliquid, aliquem, aliquid, with ut, ne, or absol.
          1. (α) With acc.: quā confidentiā rogare argentum me tantum audes, Impudens? Quin si egomet totus veneam, vix recipi potis est, Quod tu me rogas, Plaut. Pers. 1, 1, 40: hoc te vehementer etiam atque etiam rogo, Cic. Fam. 13, 43 fin.: nefas sit tale aliquid et facere rogatum et rogare … Haec igitur lex in amicitiā sanciatur, ut neque rogemus res turpes nec faciamus rogati, id. Lael. 11, 39 sq.: otium divos rogat, Hor. c. 2, 16, 1; cf.: divitias deos, Mart. 4, 77, 1: a Metello missionem, Sall. J. 64, 1: ut ab avunculo rogetur Aethiops, Auct. Her. 4, 50, 63: rogo te, vos, etc., parenthet.: rogo te, videte, quibus hominibus negotium detis, etc., Cic. Fam. 10, 26: rogo vos, quis potest sine offulā vivere? Suet. Claud. 40: illae Priami rogantis Achillem preces, Quint. 10, 1, 50: taurum de aquā per fundum ejus ducenda rogabo, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 4: ambiuntur, rogantur, are asked for their votes, id. Rep. 1, 31, 47: etiamsi precario essent rogandi, id. Verr. 2, 5, 23, § 59: transisse Rhenum sese non suā sponte sed rogatum et arcessitum a Gallis, Caes. B. G. 1, 44; cf.: ille ab Sardis rogatus ad causam accesserat, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 19, 63: in proximum annum consulatum peteres, vel potius rogares … a quā (Galliā) nos tum, cum consulatus petebatur, non rogabatur, etc., was not begged for, id. Phil. 2, 30, 76: abii ad praetorem, rogo syngraphum: Datur mihi, Plaut. Capt. 3, 2, 6: aquam, id. Rud. 2, 3, 2: legatos ad Caesarem mittunt rogatum auxilium, Caes. B. G. 1, 11; cf. id. ib. 7, 5: aliquid ab aliquo (rare), Auct. Her. 4, 50; Sall. J. 64, 1: cultrum, securim, etc. … Quae utenda vasa semper vicini rogant, ask for, borrow, Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 18; id. Mil. 2, 3, 76; Dig. 18, 6, 16.
          2. (β) With ut or ne (so most freq.): scitin’ quid ego vos rogo? mihi ut praeconium detis, Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 92; id. Stich. 1, 3, 93: id ut facias, vehementer te rogo, Cic. Fam. 13, 44: etiam atque etiam te rogo atque oro, ut eum juves, id. ib. 13, 66, 2: rogat et orat Dolabellam, ut, etc., id. Verr. 2, 1, 29, § 72: cum rogat et prece cogit Scilicet ut, etc., Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 2; Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, C, 1; id. B. G. 1, 7: videbatur rogare, scalas ut darem utendas sibi, that I would lend, Plaut. Rud. 3, 1, 10; Plin. Ep. 3, 10, 5; 4, 13, 11; 4, 28, 3.
            With a simple final clause without ut: Caesar consolatus rogat, finem orandi faciat, Caes. B. G. 1, 20; Quint. 6, 3, 88; 9, 3, 68; Ov. Ib. 643; and very freq. ap. Plin. Ep.; e. g. 1, 2, 1; 1, 5, 8; 1, 20, 24; 2, 5, 2; 3, 2, 6; 5, 19, 8; 7, 6, 11; 8, 17, 6.
            With ne: rogat frater, ne abeas longius, Ter. Ad. 5, 5, 1: ac te illud primum rogabo, ne quid invitus meā causā facias, Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 2.
          3. (γ) Absol.: neque enim ego sic rogabam, ut petere viderer, quia familiaris esset meus (Plancus), etc., did not solicit in such a way as to, etc., Cic. Planc. 10, 25 (differing from α): in blandiendo, rogando lenis et summissa (vox), Quint. 11, 3, 63: patrem et filium pro vitā rogantes, Suet. Aug. 13; cf.: pro aliquo, id. ib. 40; id. Vit. 12.
        1. b. Esp., to invite, ask a visit from any one: Tertia aderit, modo ne Publius rogatus sit, Cic. Fam. 16, 22, 1 fin.: Pomponiam Terentia rogat, id. Att. 2, 3, 3 fin.
          With ad or in and acc.: ad Palatium, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 48, 1: in senatum, id. Heliog. 4, 1: ad convivium, Just. 43, 3, 10: ad nuptias, Amm. 14, 6, 24: in consilium, Gell. 14, 2, 9.
        2. c. Prov.: malo emere quam rogare, of a thing that does not cost much, I had rather buy than borrow it, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 12; cf. supra, α and β.
      1. 2. In gen., to seek, bring, take: aquam hinc de proximo rogabo, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 75: hujus (purpurae) exemplum aliunde rogabo, tibi quod ostendam (cf.: exemplum quaeritent, etc., in context), Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9.

rŏgus, i, m. (collat. form rŏgum, i, n., Afran. ap. Non. 221, 24; cf. Com. Rel. p. 153 Rib.).

  1. I. A funeral pile (syn. bustum): ROGVM ASCIA NE POLITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 59; Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 44: aliena rogorum insuper exstructa, Lucr. 6, 1283; Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 59: in rogum illatus, id. N. D. 3, 35, 84: ascendere in rogum, id. Div. 1, 23, 47: aliquem in rogum imponere, id. Tusc. 1, 35, 85: rogum exstruere, id. Fin. 3, 22, 76: rogo illata, Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 34: portari in rogum, id. 7, 44, 45, § 142; Verg. A. 4, 640; 646; 11, 189 et saep.
    Poet.: diffugiunt avidos carmina sola rogos, i. e. escape destruction, Ov. Am. 3, 9, 28.
  2. II. Transf., the grave: obserat umbrosos lurida porta rogos, Prop. 4 (5), 11, 8.

Rōma, ae, f., = Ῥώμη, the city of Rome, founded in the second year of the seventh Olympiad (B. C. 753), Cic. Rep. 1, 37, 58; 2, 10, 18; worshipped as a goddess in a particular temple, Liv. 43, 6; Tac. A. 4, 37; Suet. Aug. 52; cf.: Roma ferox, Hor. C. 3, 3, 44: princeps urbium, id. ib. 4, 3, 13: ROMAE AETERNAE, Inscr. Orell. 1762; 1776; 1799: ROMAE ET AVGVSTO, ib. 606.
Hence,

  1. A. Rōmānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Rome, Roman: forum, v. h. v.: populus Romanus (always in this order; abbreviated P. R.); v. populus: Juno, the Roman (opp. Argiva), Cic. N. D. 1, 29, 82: lingua Romana, i. e. Latin, Laurea Tull. poët. ap. Plin. 31, 2, 3, § 8; Tac. Agr. 21; Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 2; Vell. 2, 110: Romana lingua, Macr. S. 1, praef. § 2; Lact. 3, 13, 10; Treb. Poll. Trig. Tyr. 28, 2; Aug. Ep. 167, 6: litterae Romanae (= litterae Latinae), Quint. 1, 10, 23: sermo Romanus, id. 2, 14, 1; 6, 2, 8; 10, 1, 100; 123: auctores. id. 10, 1, 85; Front. ad Ver. Imp. p. 125: ludi, also called ludi magni, the most ancient in Rome, annually celebrated on the 4th of September, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 14, § 36; Liv. 1, 35 fin.; 28, 10; 29, 38 fin. et saep.: Romano more, in the Roman manner, plainly, openly, candidly, frankly, Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 3; 7, 18, 3; 7, 16, 3.
    As subst.: Rōmānus, i, m.
      1. a. Sing. collect., = the Romans, Liv. 2, 27, 1; 8, 3, 1.
      2. b. The Roman (sc. imperator), Liv. 21, 59, 5: Romanus sedendo vincit (cf. Q. Fabius Maximus), Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 2.
      3. c. Plur.: Romani, the Romans, Liv. 1, 25, 9; 13 et saep.
        Adv.: Rōmānē, in the Roman manner, plainly, candidly, frankly, etc., Gell. 13, 21, 2.
        Hence, Rōmānĭtas, ātis, f., Romanism, the Roman way or manner, Tert. Pall. 4.
  2. B. Rōmānĭcus, a, um, adj., Roman: aratra, juga, i. e. made in Rome, Cato, R. R. 135, 2: fiscinae, id. ib. 135, 2, § 3.
  3. C. Rō-mānĭensis, e, adj., of Rome, Roman: sal, Cato, R. R. 162.
    Collat. form Rōmānen-ses, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. Corinthienses, p. 61, 1 Müll.
  4. D. Rōmānŭlus, a, um, adj. dim., of Rome, Roman: Porta, Varr. L. L 5, § 164 Müll.
  5. E. Rōmŭlĭus or Rō-mĭlĭus, a, um, adj., of Rome, Roman: tribus, Varr. L. L. 5, § 56 Müll.; Fest. pp. 270 and 271 ib.; Cic. Agr. 2, 29, 79.

Rōmŭlāris, e, v. 1, Romulus, C.

Rōmŭlĕus, a, um, v. 1. Romulus, A.

Rōmŭlĭa, tribus, v. Roma, E.

Rōmŭlĭdae, ārum, v. 1. Romulus, D.

1. Rōmŭlus, i, m., the founder and first king of Rome, worshipped after his death as Quirinus, Liv. 1, 4 sqq.; Cic. Div. 1, 12, 20; Sen. Ep. 108, 31.
Hence,

  1. A. Rōmŭlĕus (Romuleus, Auct. Perv. Ven. 72), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Romulus: ensis, Ov. F. 3, 67: urbs, Rome, id. ib. 5, 260: casa, Petr. Fragm. 21, 6; cf. Verg. A. 8, 654; Vitr. 2, 1: fera, the she-wolf, Juv. 11, 104 et saep.
  2. B. Rōmŭlus, a, um, adj., of Romulus: ficus, Ov. F. 2, 412: hasta, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 26: tellus, Roman, Verg. A. 6, 877; so, gens, Hor. C. 4, 5, 1; id. C. S. 47: facta, Sil. 13, 793.
  3. C. Rōmŭlāris, e, adj., of Romulus: ficus; v. Ruminalis: populus, Sid. Ep. 9, 13 in carm. 2 fin.
  4. D. Rōmŭlĭdae, ārum, m., the posterity of Romulus, the Romans, Lucr. 4, 683; Verg. A. 8, 638; Pers. 1, 31; Prud. adv. Symm. 1, 6.

2. Rōmŭlus, a, um, v. 1. Romulus, B.

rōrārĭi, ōrum, m. [ros] (sc. milites), a kind of light-armed Roman troops, who usually made the first attack and then retired, skirmishers (cf.: velites, ferentarii): rorarii dicti ab rore, qui bellum committebant ante, ideo quod ante rorat quam pluit, Varr. L. L. 7, § 58 Müll.; cf. Fest. s. h. v. p. 264 ib.; Non. 552 fin.; Liv. 8, 8, 8; 8, 9, 14; Plaut. Fragm. ap. Varr. 1. 1.; cf. Becker, Antiq. III. 2, p. 275.
In sing., Lucil. ap. Non. 553, 2 sq.
Hence, ‡ rōrārĭ-us, a, um, adj., of or for the rorarii: rorarium vinum, quod rorariis dabatur, Fest. p. 267 Müll.

rōrātĭo, ōnis, f. [roro], a falling of dew, dew.

  1. I. Lit., Vitr. 8, 2, 2.
    In plur.: nocturnae, App. M. 9, p. 232, 6.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. The falling off of the grape in consequence of a cold dew (a disease of the grapes), Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 226.
    2. B. A dropping in the clepsydra, Cassiod. Var. 1, 48.

(rōrescit, a false read. for rarescit, Ov. M. 15, 246; v. Bach ad h. l.)

rōrĭdus, a, um, adj. [ros], bedewed, dewy, wet with dew: terga jugi, Prop. 5, 4, 48: specus, App. M. 4, p. 150, 14.

rōrĭfer, fĕra, fĕrum, adj. [ros-fero], dewbringing (poet.), Lucr. 6, 864; Stat. Th. 1, 338; Sen. Hippol. 11.

* rōrĭflŭus, a, um, adj. [ros-fluo], dripping with dew, Poët. ap. Catalect. 2, 14.

* rōrĭger, gĕra, gĕrum, adj. [ros-gero], dew-bringing, Fulg. Myth. 1.

rōro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [ros], to let fall, drop, or distil dew (syn. stillo).

  1. I. Lit.
        1. a. Neutr.: (Aurora) toto rorat in orbe, Ov. M. 13, 622: cum rorare Tithonia conjux Coeperit, id. F. 3, 403: rorate, caeli, Vulg. Isa. 45, 8.
          More usually impers., dew falls, it drizzles, it sprinkles: ante rorat quam pluit, Varr. L. L. 7, § 58; Col. 11, 2, 45; 76; Plin. 17, 10, 14, § 74; Suet. Aug. 92.
        2. b. Act.: tellus rorata mane pruinā, moistened, besprinkled, Ov. F. 3, 357.
  2. II. Transf., to drop, trickle, drip, distil.
        1. a. Neutr.: lacrimis spargunt rorantibus ora genasque, with trickling, flowing, Lucr. 2, 977 (cf. infra, b.): rorant pennaeque sinusque, drip or shed moisture, Ov. M. 1, 267: comae, id. ib. 5, 488: ora dei madidā barbā, id. ib. 1, 339; cf. id. ib. 3, 683; 177; 14, 786: sanguine vepres, Verg. A. 8, 645; 11, 8: lacte capellae, id. Cul. 75: ora, Luc. 2, 123: hostili cruore arma, Quint. Decl. 4, 8.
        2. b. Act., to bedew, to moisten, wet: circumstant, lacrimis rorantes ora genasque, Lucr. 3, 469: saxa cruore, Sil. 10, 263.
          And with the liquid as an object: quam caelum intrare parantem Roratis lustravit aquis Iris, with sprinkled waters, Ov. M. 4, 479; id. F. 4, 728: si roraverit quantulum cumque imbrem, Plin. 17, 10, 14, § 74.
          Absol.: pocula rorantia, which yielded the wine drop by drop (a transl. of the Gr. ἐπιψεκάζειν), * Cic. Sen. 14, 46: rorans juvenis, the youth pouring out, the young cup-bearer, i. e. Ganymedes, as a constellation (Aquarius), Manil. 5, 482.
    1. * B. Trop., to drop, distil, etc.: si minutis illis suis et rorantibus responsionibus satisfaciet consulenti, Macr. S. 7, 9.

rōrŭlentus, a, um, adj. [ros], full of dew, dewy, bedewed (cf. roscidus): materia, Cato, R. R. 37, 4; Att. ap. Non. 395, 24 (Trag. Rel. p. 170 Rib.); Col. 5, 6, 19; 12, 38, 6; Plin. 12, 17, 37, § 74.

rōs, rōris, m. (n., ros nocturnum, Marc. Emp. 8; cf. infra, II. B.) [perh. kindr. with the Gr. ἔρση, dew; Sanscr. varshas, rain].

  1. I. Lit., dew: herbae gemmantes rore recenti, Lucr. 2, 319; cf. id. 5, 461: ros si non cadit, Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 13: nocturnum excipere rorem, Caes. B. C. 3, 15; cf.: rore mero jejunia pavit, Ov. M. 4, 263: gelidus, Verg. G. 2, 202: pecori gratissimus, id. E. 8, 15; id. G. 3, 326: caelestis, Ov. F. 1, 312: vitreus, id. Am. 1, 6, 55 et saep.
    Plur.: gelidos rores, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 8, 14: cadunt rores, Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 292: roribus, id. 16, 26, 46, § 109; 17, 24, 37, § 225: quod inter aquam et rorem interest, Sen. Q. N. 4, 3, 6.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Of any liquid falling in drops, moisture (poet.): infuso lympharum rore superne, Lucr. 1, 496, cf. liquoris, id. 1, 777: salis, id. 4, 438; and simply ros, of water, Prop. 3, 21, 2; Verg. A. 6, 230; Hor. C. 3, 4, 61; Ov. M. 3, 164; 5, 635; 11, 57 al.
      In plur.: pluvii, i. e. rain clouds, Hor C. 3, 3, 56.
      Of tears: lacrimarum, Ov. M. 14, 708; and simply ros, id. ib. 10, 360; Hor. A. P. 430; plur., Stat. S. 5, 1, 36.
      Of breastmilk: natos vitali rore rigabat, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 12, 20.
      Of blood; plur.: sanguineos, Verg. A. 12, 339; cf. cruentis, Stat. Th. 2, 673.
      Of perfumes: Syrius, Tib. 3, 4, 28: Arabus, Ov. H. 15, 76.
    2. B. Ros marinus, marinus ros, or in one word, rosmarinus, and in a neutr. collat. form, rosmarinum (post-Aug.), rosemary: rosmarinus, Col. 9, 4, 2; Pall. Mart. 15, 1: marinus ros, Col. 9, 4, 6: rorismarini, id. 12, 36 (twice): marino rore, Hor. C. 3, 23, 16: rosmarinum, nom., Plin. 24, 11, 59, § 99; acc., id. 19, 12, 62, § 187; App. Herb. 79; cf. Isid. Orig. 17, 9, 81; in Ovid also: ros maris, Ov. M. 12, 410; id. A. A. 3, 690; and in Vergil simply ros, Verg. G. 2, 213 Serv.; cf. Plin. 24, 11, 60, § 101.

rŏsa, ae, f. [kindr. with ῤόδον], a rose.

  1. I. Lit., Varr R. R. 1, 35, 1; Plin. 21, 4, 10, § 14: Paestanae rosae, Mart. 4, 42, 10: cape rosas, id. 2, 59, 3; sacred to Venus, Aus. Idyll. 14; cf. id. ib. 6, 76 and 92; blooms latest of the spring flowers, Plin. 21, 11, 38, § 64.
    Hence, sera, Hor. C. 1, 38, 3; cf. Cicero’s reproach: cum rosam viderat, tum incipere ver arbitrabatur, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 27.
    Used on festive and solemn occasions for wreaths, for strewing in the way or upon graves, at feasts, etc., Lucr. 2, 627; Hor. C. 1, 36, 15; 2, 11, 14; 3, 19, 22; 29, 3; Prop. 1, 17, 22; 3, 5 (4, 4), 22; 4 (5), 8, 40; Plin. 18, 26, 64, § 236; Sen. Hippol. 769; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 34; Tac. H. 2, 70 et saep.; cf. Becker, Gall. 3, p. 32 (2d edit.): plena rosarum Atria. Ov. M. 2, 113.
    Prov.: inter vepres rosae nascuntur, Amm. 16, 7, 4.
    1. B. Collect., for roses, wreaths of roses (only so in class. prose): sertis redimiri jubebis et rosā? Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 43: an tu me in violā putabas aut in rosā dicere? on, among roses, id. ib. 5, 26, 73: in rosā potare, id. Fin. 2, 20, 65: jacere, Sen. Ep. 36, 9: vivere, Mart. 8, 77, 2; cf.: multā in rosā, Hor. C. 1, 5, 1: pulvinus perlucidus rosā fartus, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 27.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. As a word of endearment, in Plautus: mea rosa, my rose, my rosebud, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 74; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 50; or simply rosa, id. Men. 1, 3, 9: tu mihi rosa es, id. Curc. 1, 2, 6.
    2. B. Oil of roses, Cels. 8, 3; 4; 6, 18, 8.
    3. C. The season or month of roses, Inscr. Grut. 753, 4; cf. rosales.
    4. D. The rose-bush, rose-tree: nimium breves Flores amoenae ferre jube rosae, Hor. C. 2, 3, 14: radix silvestris rosae, Plin. 8, 41, 63, § 152.
      Plur.: flores rosarum, Lucr. 2, 627; cf. Hor. C. 3, 29, 3: terram ad rosarum et vineae satum vertere, Plin. 18, 26, 64, § 236.

rŏsācĕus, a, um, adj. [rosa], made of roses, rose- (Plinian): corona, Plin. 21, 3, 6, § 8: ceratum, id. 24, 13, 73, § 119: oleum, id. 15, 7, 7, § 30.
As subst.: rŏsācĕum, i, n., oil of roses, Plin. 22, 24, 50, § 108; 32, 7, 23, § 68.

‡ rŏsāles escae [rosa], an annual feast, when the tombs were adorned with garlands of roses, the feast of roses; cf. our Decoration day, Inscr. Orell. 4419; cf.: ROSAE ET ESCAE, ib. 4418.
The ceremony of hanging up the garlands was called ROSALIA, ĭum, n., Inscr. Maff. Mus. Veron. 146, 3.

* rŏsans, antis, Part. [obsol. roso], rosecolored, Poët. ap. Catalect. 2, 28.

rŏsārĭus, a, um, adj. [rosa], of roses, rose-.

  1. I. Adj.: absorptio, a drink flavored with roses, or something similar, Suet. Ner. 27 fin. dub.: auxilium, expected from drinking it, App. M. 3, p. 141, 1: venenum, of the laurel rose, supposed to be poisonous, id. ib. 3, p. 143, 20.
  2. II. Subst.
    1. A. rŏsārĭ-um, ii, n., a place planted with roses, a rose-garden; sing., Col. 11, 2, 29.
      More freq. plur., Prop. 4, 5, 59 (5, 5, 61); Verg. G. 4, 119; Ov. M. 15, 708; id. Tr. 5, 2, 23; Col. praef. § 27 al.
    2. B. ‡ rŏsārĭus, ῤοδοπώλης, Gloss. Lat. Gr.

rŏsātus, a, um, adj. [rosa], prepared from roses (late Lat.): oleum, Ser. Samm. 34, 637.
Absol.: rŏsātum, i, n., rose wine, Pall. Febr. 32, id. Mai, 13; Lampr. Heliog. 11.
Also, conserve of roses, Apic. 1, 4.

Roscĭānus, a, um, v. Roscius, III. B.

roscĭdus, a, um, adj. [ros], full of dew, wet with dew, dewy.

  1. I. Lit.: herba, Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 10: locus, id. ib. 3, 14, 2; cf. solum, Col. 5, 6, 10; Pall. Febr. 13, 2: qualitas caeli, Col. 3, 1, 6: virgae, id. 4, 30, 6: poma, Prop. 1, 20, 36: mala, Verg. E. 8, 37. umor, i. e. dew, Plin. 9, 10, 12, § 38: mella, dropping like dew, Verg. E. 4, 30.
    Poet.: dea, i. e. Aurora, Ov. A. A. 3, 180: Hesperus, id. F. 2, 314; cf. Luna, Verg. G. 3, 337: noctes, Plin. 2, 62, 62, § 153; 18, 28, 67, § 260: Iris, Verg. A. 4, 700.
    Neutr. plur. as subst.: roscida caespitum, i. e. dewy meadows, App. M. p. 102, 21.
  2. II. Transf., moistened, watered, wet (very rare): rivis Hernica saxa, Verg. A. 7, 683: tecta, Mart. 4, 18, 3.

Roscĭus, i, m., the name of a Roman gens.

  1. I. L. Roscius, a Roman ambassador, slain in a revolt at Fidenæ, Liv. 4, 17, 2.
  2. II. L. Roscius Otho, a friend of Cicero, who, when tribune of the people, A. U.C. 686, carried through a law that fourteen rows of seats in the theatre next to those of the senators should be appropriated to the knights, Cic. Mur. 19, 40; Liv. Epit. 99; Ascon. ap. Cornel. p. 784; Vell. 2, 32, 3; Plin. 7, 30, 31, § 117; Juv. 14, 324. The law just referred to was called Lex Roscia, Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 44; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 62; Tac. A. 15, 32.
  3. III. Q. Roscius Gallus, a freedman from Lanuvium, a very celebrated actor, the intimate friend of Cicero, who defended him in an oration still extant. His excellence soon became proverbial: videtisne, quam nihil ab eo (sc. Roscio) nisi perfecte, nihil nisi cum summā venustate flat, etc. … Itaque hoc jam diu est consecutus, ut in quo quisque artificio excelleret, is in suo genere Roscius diceretur, Cic. de Or. 1, 28, 130; 59, 251; id. Arch. 8, 17; cf. id. Brut. 84, 290; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 82.
    Hence,
    1. B. Roscĭā-nus, a, um, adj., Roscian: imitatio senis, Roscius’s, Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 242.
  4. IV. Sex. Roscius, of Ameria, defended by Cicero, A. U. C. 674, in an oration still extant, Cic. Off. 2, 14, 51; id. Brut. 90, 312.
  5. V. Lucius Roscius, who commanded a legion under Cæsar, Caes. B. G. 7, 53; id. B. C. 1, 10.

Rōsĕa or Rōsĭa, ae, f., a very fertile district near Reate, now Le Roscie, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 10; 2, 1, 16; 3, 2, 9 and 10; Plin. 17, 4, 3, § 32; Cic. Att. 4, 15, 5.
Hence,

  1. A. Rōsĕus (Rōsĭus), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Rosea, Rosean: rura, Verg. A. 7, 712: cannabis, Plin. 19, 9, 56, § 174.
  2. B. Rōsĕānus, a, um, adj., Rosean: equi, Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 6.

rŏsētum, i, n. [rosa], a garden or bed of roses, a rosary, Varr. R. R. 1, 35; Verg. E. 5, 17; Claud. Nupt. Hon. 8; Pall. 12, 11.

1. rŏsĕus, a, um, adj. [rosa].

  1. I. Of roses, rose- (rare, for rosaceus): strophium, Verg. Cop. 32: vinculum, Sen. Med. 70: flores, i. e. roses, Claud. de Magnete, 29: convalles, filled with roses, id. Rapt. Pros. 3, 85.
  2. II. Rose-colored, rosy (freq., esp. in the Aug. poets): pannus, Plin. 21, 23, 94, § 166 (Jahn, russeus); 29, 4, 17, § 64 (Jahn, russeus); 30, 11, 30, § 99 (Jahn, russeus): nitor quidam in purpurā, id. 37, 9, 40, § 123; cf. color (with purpureus), id. 14, 1, 3, § 15: flos herbae, id. 25, 6, 26, § 62: roseā sol alte lampade lucens, Lucr. 5, 610; cf. id. 5, 976; so, Phoebus, Verg. A. 11, 913: Aurora, Lucr. 5, 656; also, dea, Ov. A. A. 3, 84; cf. of the same, os, id. M. 7, 705: equi, Tib. 1, 3, 94; Ov. F. 4, 714: bigae, Verg. A. 7, 26: Eous, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 7; cf.: alae (Luciferi), Val. Fl. 6, 527: nubes (Iridis), id. 4, 77.
    Transf., a poetical epithet of any thing blooming with youth, esp. parts of the body, rosy, ruddy, blooming: labella, Cat. 80, 1: labra, Mart. 8, 56, 15: os (Veneris), Verg. A. 2, 593: genae, id. ib. 12, 606: cervix, id. ib. 1, 402; Hor. C. 1, 13, 2: juventa, Val. Fl. 8, 257.

2. Rōsĕus, a, um, v. Rosea, A.

(rōsĭdus, a, um, a false writing for roscidus.)

rosina, ae, f. (sc. herba), a plant, otherwise unknown, Veg. 6, 13, 4.

rōsĭo, ōnis, f. [rodo]; in medic. lang., a gnawing, corrosion, Cels. 7, 23; 5, 28, 17.
In plur., Plin. 20, 14, 54, § 153: praecordiorum, id. 23, 1, 23, § 43; 28, 9, 33, § 128.

rosmărīnum and rosmărīnus, v. ros, II. B.

rostellum, i, n. dim. [rostrum], a little beak, snout, or muzzle: pullorum (avium), Col. 8, 5, 14: muris, Plin. 30, 11, 30, § 99.

rostra, ōrum, v. rostrum, II. C.

* rostrālis, e, adj. [rostrum, II. C.], of or belonging to the rostra: tabula (with Capitolina), i. e. a tablet on the rostra, Sid. Ep. 1, 11.

rostrans, antis, adj. [rostrum], striking or driving in its point: vomer, Plin. 18, 19, 49, § 178 dub. (perh. rostrato, v. rostratus).

rostrātus, a, um, adj. [rostrum], having a beak, hook, or crooked point; beaked, curved at the end, rostrated: falces, Col. 2, 20, 30: vectis, Plin. 18, 18, 48, § 171: navis, Cic. Inv. 2, 32, 98; Suet. Caes. 63; Auct. B. Afr. 23; cf. prora, Plin. 9, 30, 49, § 94; and: impetus liburnicarum, id. 10, 23, 32, § 63: rostrata corona = navalis corona, a crown ornamented with small figures of beaks of ships, given to him who first boarded the enemy’s vessel, Plin. 16, 4, 3, § 7; 22, 3, 4, § 6.
Hence, in poet. transf.: (Agrippae) Tempora navali fulgent rostrata coronā, Verg. A. 8, 684; so, too, Columna rostrata, a column erected in the Forum, to commemorate the naval victory of Duilius in the first Punic war, which was adorned with the beaks of the conquered vessels, Liv. 42, 20, 1; Quint. 1, 7, 12 (cf. Plin. 34, 5, 11, § 20; Sil. 6, 663); also in the order rostrata columna, Suet. Galb. 23; v. the parts of the inscription on this column still extant (one of the oldest monuments of Latin literature), with modern restorations, Inscr. Orell. 549.

rōstrum, i, n. [rodo], the bill or beak of a bird; the snout, muzzle, mouth of animals (cf. proboscis).

  1. I. Lit.: cibum arripere aduncitate rostrorum, Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 122: aves corneo proceroque rostro, id. ib. 1, 36, 101; Liv. 41, 13; Ov. M. 2, 376; 5, 545; 6, 673 et saep. al.: arietes tortis cornibus pronis ad rostrum, Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 4; of goats, id. ib. 2, 3, 2; of swine, Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23; 2, 21, 48; Ov. M. 8, 371; 10, 713; 14, 282; of dogs, id. ib. 1, 536; 3, 249; of wolves, Plin. 28, 10, 44, § 157; of stags, id. 8, 32, 50, § 112; of a dolphin, id. 9, 8, 7, § 20; of tortoises, id. 9, 10, 12, § 37; of bees, id. 11, 10, 10, § 21 et saep.
    1. B. In familiar or contemptuous lang., like our muzzle, snout, of persons, Lucil. ap. Fest. s. v. squarrosi, p. 329 Müll.; Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 13; Lucil., Nov., and Varr. ap. Non. 455, 10 sq.; Petr. 75, 10; so, too, of human statues, Dig. 19, 1, 17 fin.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. In gen., of objects having a similar shape, the curved point of a vine-dresser’s billhook, Col. 4, 25, 1; of a plough, Plin. 18, 18, 48, § 171; of hammers, id. 34, 14, 41, § 144; of lamps, id. 28, 11, 46, § 163; of an island, id. 10, 33, 49, § 137.
    2. B. Esp. freq., the curved end of a ship’s prow, a ship’s beak; sing.: neque his (navibus) nostrae rostro nocere poterant, Caes. B. G. 3, 13; so id. ib. 3, 14; id. B. C. 2, 6; Liv. 28, 30; 37, 30; Verg. A. 10, 157; 301: navis, cui argenteum aut aureum rostrum est, Sen. Ep. 76, 13; Ov. M. 4, 705 al.
      Plur., Auct. B. Alex. 44, 3; 46, 2.
      Sometimes of a triple form: convolsum remis rostrisque tridentibus aequor, Verg. A. 5, 143; cf. Val. Fl. 1, 688: rostrum trifidum, Sil. 6, 358.
      Hence,
    3. C. Rostra, the Rostra, a stage or platform for speakers in the Forum, so called from being adorned with the beaks of ships taken from the Antians A.U.C. 416, Liv. 8, 14; Varr. L. L. 5, § 155 Müll.; Plin. 34, 5, 11, § 20; Ascon. Mil. p. 43 Orell.; cf. Becker, Antiq. I. p. 279 sq. and p. 290; and, in gen., the place from which the assembled people were addressed, the orator’s pulpit, or platform: ut semper in rostris curiam, in senatu populum defenderim, Cic. Pis. 3, 7: ut in rostris prius quam in senatu litterae recitarentur, Liv. 27, 50 fin.: in rostra escendere, Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80; Liv. 30, 17: descendere ad rostra, Suet. Vit. 15: procedere in rostra, Plin. Pan. 65, 3: cum Vettius descendisset de rostris, Cic. Vatin. 11, 26; cf.: aliquem de rostris deducere, Caes. B. C. 3, 21: rem a subselliis ad rostra detulit, Cic. Clu. 40, 111: caput Sulpicii erectum et ostentatum pro rostris, Vell. 2, 19, 1; cf.: aliquem defunctum laudare e more pro rostris (v. pro, II. 2.), Suet. Caes. 6; so, pro rostris, id. ib. 17; 20; 79; 84; id. Aug. 100; id. Tib. 6; id. Calig. 10; id. Claud. 22; id. Ner. 47; Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 15, 3; Tac. A. 3, 5; 76; 4, 12; 5, 1; for which: laudavit ipse apud rostra formam ejus, id. ib. 16, 6: frigidus a rostris manat per compita rumor, Hor. S. 2, 6, 50.
      Sing.: tenere rostrum, Luc. 1, 275: rostrum forumque optare, id. 7, 65.
      Poet.: campumque et rostra movebat, i. e. the assembled people, Luc. 8, 685.

rŏsŭla, ae, f. dim. [rosa], a little rose (late Lat.), Dracont. Hexaëm. 597.

rŏsŭlentus, a, um, adj. [rosa].

  1. * I. Abounding in roses: prata, Prud. στεφ. 3, 199.
  2. * II. Rose-colored, rosy: splendor, Mart. Cap. 1, § 73.

rōsus, a, um, Part. of rodo.

rŏta, ae, f. [kindred with Sanscr. ratha, chariot, and Germ. Rad (cf.rotundus), wheel], a wheel.

  1. I. Lit.: pro rotā me uti licet, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 9; cf.: vorsutior es quam rota figularis, id. Ep. 3, 2, 35: orbes rotarum, Lucr. 6, 551; Plin. 8, 16, 19, § 52: axes rotarum, id. 16, 43, 84, § 229: radiata, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 15: aurea curvatura summae rotae, Ov M. 2, 108: aquaria, Cato, R. R. 11, 3: ne currente rotā funis eat retro, while the wheel (in a hoisting machine) hurries forward, Hor. C. 3, 10, 10 et saep.
      1. 2. In partic.
        1. a. A potter’s wheel (cf. supra, figularis): amphora coepit Institui: currente rotā cur urceus exit? Hor. A. P. 22; so, Cumana, Tib. 2, 3, 48: Aristarchus invenit rotam figuli, cujus circuitu vasa formantur, Sen. Ep. 90, 31.
        2. b. A wheel for torture (τροχός, among the Greeks): in rotam beatam vitam non escendere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 24: cervicem circumactu rotae frangere, Sen. Ep. 70, 23; App. M. 3, p. 133; 10, p. 243; Sen. Herc. Oet. 1011.
          Ixion’s wheel, Tib. 1, 3, 74; Verg. G. 4, 484; id. A. 6, 616; Sen. Herc. Fur. 750 et saep.
        3. c. A roller: aliquid subjectis rotis traicere, Front. 1, 5, 7: propellere, Tac. H. 4, 23; Vitr. 10, 13, 2.
    1. B. Poet., transf.
      1. 1. (Pars pro toto.) A car, chariot: si rota defuerit, tu pede carpe viam, Ov.A. A. 2,230; cf. (opp. pedibus) id. M. 1, 448; so Prop. 1, 2, 20; 2, 25 (3, 20), 26; 4 (5), 10, 42: subdiderat rotas, Verg. A. 12, 675; Ov. M. 2, 139; 312; 3, 150.
        Of the span of horses: Cynthia fraternis afflata rotis, Sil. 4, 483.
      2. 2. Of things in the shape of a wheel or disk.
        1. a. The disk of the sun: solis rota, Lucr. 5, 432; 564; cf.: flammea Phoebi, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1022; and simply rota, Enn. ap. Isid. Orig. 18, 36 fin.; Val. Fl. 3, 559.
        2. b. A kind of sea-fish, Plin. 9, 4, 3, § 8; 32, 11, 53, § 144.
  2. II. Trop., a wheel: fortunae rotam pertimescere, i. e. fickleness, inconstancy, Cic. Pis. 10, 22; cf.: versatur celeri Fors levis orbe rotae, Tib. 1, 5, 70; Prop. 2, 8, 8 (10); Tac. Or. 23; Amm. 26, 8, 13.
    Poet.: imparibus vecta Thalia rotis, i. e. in elegiac metre, Ov. A. A. 1, 264; so, disparibus (elegorum) rotis, id. P. 3, 4, 86: jactor, crucior, agitor, stimulor, vorsor in amoris rotā miser, on the rack of love (cf. I. A. 2. b. supra), Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 4.

rŏtābĭlis, e, adj. [rota].

  1. I. Whirling, rotary (late Lat.): flexus, Amm. 23, 4, 2.
  2. II. Transf., of a road, practicable: VIAM INVIAM ROTAB. REDD., Inscr. Grut. 149, 1.

rŏtālis, e, adj. [rota], having wheels, wheeled (late Lat.): carpentum, Capitol. Macr. 12: machina, Sulp. Sev. Dial. 1, 13, 2.

rŏtātĭlis, e, adj. [roto], wheel-like, revolving (post-class.): gyri, Sid. Ep. 2, 9: trochaei, Prud. στεφ. praef. 8.

rŏtātim, adv. [roto], like a wheel, in a circle, around (post-class.): in orbem saltantes, App. M. 10, p. 253, 19 (al. rotarum).

rŏtātĭo, ōnis, f. [roto], a wheeling or turning about in a circle, rotation: circini, Vitr. 10, 3 init. et fin.

rŏtātor, ōris, m. [roto], one who turns a thing round in a circle, a whirler round: Bassaridum (Evan), Stat. S. 2, 7, 7; Cassiod. Var. 7, 5.

rŏtātus, ūs, m. [roto], a turning or whirling round, Stat. Achill. 2, 417; Aus. Idyll. 10, 362.

rŏto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [rota].

  1. I. Act., to turn a thing round like a wheel; to swing round, whirl about (poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf. torqueo).
    1. A. Lit.: Learchum bis terque per auras More rotat fundae, Ov. M. 4, 517; cf. id. ib. 9, 217; id. A. A. 2, 374: jactare caput et comas excutientem rotare, fanaticum est, Quint. 11, 3, 71: sanguineos orbes (i. e. oculos), to roll about, Val. Fl. 4, 235: ensem fulmineum, to brandish (in order to add force to the blow), Verg. A. 9, 441: telum, Liv. 42, 65, 10: telum in ora loquentis, Stat. Th. 9, 802: clipeum, Val Fl. 6, 551: saxa, Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 6: flammam (venti), Lucr. 6, 202; cf.: (venti) trudunt res ante rapidique rotanti turbine portant, in a whirling tornado, id. 1, 295: flammae fumum, Hor. C. 4, 11, 11: se in vulnus (ursa), Luc. 6, 222: conreptum rotatumque sternit, Plin. 8, 16, 19, § 51.
      Mid., to turn or go round in a circle, to roll round, revolve: Tyrrheni greges circumque infraque rotantur, Stat. Achill. 1, 56: circum caput igne rotato, Ov. M. 12, 296: poterisne rotatis Obvius ire polis? id. ib. 2, 74; cf.: nivibus rotatis (with glomerari), id. ib. 9, 221: sphaerico motu in orbem rotari, Macr Somn. Scip. 2, 14, 31.
    2. * B. Trop.: aut curtum sermone rotato Torqueat enthymema, round, compact, concise, Juv. 6, 449: sic ordinem fati rerum aeterna series rotat, Sen. Q. N. 2, 35, 2.
  2. II. Neutr., = rotari, to turn or roll round, to revolve (very rare): parte ex aliā, quā saxa rotantia late Impulerat torrens, Verg. A. 10, 362 Serv. (cf.: volventia plaustra, id. G. 1, 163); so of a peacock spreading its tail out like a wheel, Col. 8, 11, 8.

Rotomăgi, ōrum, m., a city in Gallia Lugdunensis, now Rouen, Amm. 15, 11, 12.

rŏtŭla, ae, f. (collat. form rŏtŭlus, i, m., Calp. Ecl. 7, 50), dim. [rota], a little wheel, Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 38; Col. 11, 3, 52; Plin. 18, 18, 48, § 172; Pall. 1, 20.

rŏtundātĭo, ōnis, f. [rotundo], a making round, a rounding: linea rotundationis, i. e. the circumference, Vitr. 1, 6 fin.; 3, 1; 10, 11.

rŏtundē, adv., v. rotundus fin.

rŏtundĭfŏlĭus, a, um, adj. [rotundusfolium], round-leaved, rotundifolious: herbae, App. Herb. 71.

rŏtundĭtas, ātis,f. [rotundus], a round shape, roundness, rotundity (post-Aug.).

  1. I. Lit.: gemma rotunditatis absolutae, Plin. 37, 11, 73, § 190; so id. 18, 13, 34, § 130; 16, 23, 35, § 86; 19, 5, 25, § 76 al.
  2. II. Trop.: verborum, a roundness, smoothness, Macr. S. 7, 5: Symmachi, Sid. Ep. 1, 1.
    Concr., a circular space: rotunditas dimidii cubiti, Vulg. 3 Reg. 7, 35.

rŏtundo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [rotundus], to make round, to round off, round (syn. torno).

  1. I. Lit. (class.): cum similem universitatis naturae efficere vellet, ad volubilitatem rotundavit, Cic. Univ. 10: tignum ad circinum, Vitr. 10, 11, 1: vasculum in modum papillae, App. M. 11, p. 262, 9: orbem solis (with curvare aequaliter), Vell. 2, 59, 6: se (flamma), Mel. 1, 18, 4.
    Mid.: herbae in caulem rotundantur, Plin. 21, 17, 66, § 106.
  2. II. Trop., of style, etc., to round off, elaborate, (very rare): elegos acutos ac rotundatos hendecasyllabos elucubrare, rounded, i. e. smooth, polished, Sid. Ep. 8, 4.
    Of a sum of money, to make up, complete (cf. corrotundo): mille talenta rotundentur, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 34.

* rŏtundŭla, ae, f. dim. [rotundus], a little round mass, a little ball, pellet, App. Herb. 13.

rŏtundus (rŭt-), a, um, adj. [rota], wheel-shaped, i. e. round, circular, spherical, rotund (very freq. and class.; cf. teres).

  1. I. Lit.: cur ea, quae fuerint juxtim quadrata, procul sint Visa rotunda, Lucr. 4, 502; cf. Cic. Fin. 2, 12, 36: stellae globosae et rotundae, id. Rep. 6, 15, 15: mundum rotundum esse volunt, id. N. D. 1, 10, 24.
    Comp.: mundum ita tornavit, ut nihil effici possit rotundius, Cic. Univ. 6; so, bacae, Hor. Epod. 8, 13; cf.: capita rotundiora … rotundissima, Cels. 8, 1 fin.: locus infimus in rotundo, Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69: togae, hanging evenly all round, Quint. 11, 3, 139.
    Prov.: diruit, aedificat, mutat quadrata rotundis, i. e. turns every thing upside down, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 100.
  2. II. Trop., round, rounded.
    1. A. In gen.: sapiens Fortis et in se ipse totus, teres atque rotundus, Hor. S. 2, 7, 86: illa rotunda et undique circumcisa, Quint. 8, 5, 27.
    2. B. In partic., of speech (opp. rough, unpolished), round, well turned, smooth, polished, elegant (in Cic. with quasi or ut ita dicam added; but v. infra, adv. b.): erat verborum et delectus elegans et apta et quasi rotunda constructio, Cic. Brut. 78, 272; cf.: Thucydides praefractior nec satis, ut ita dicam, rotundus, id. Or. 13, 40: Graiis dedit ore rotundo Musa loqui, Hor. A. P. 323; celeris ac rotunda distributio, Quint. 3, 4, 16: rotunda volubilisque sententia, Gell. 11, 13, 4: rotundi numeri (with brevis), id. 17, 20, 4: verba, id. 16, 1, 1.
      Hence, adv.: rŏtun-dē.
        1. * a. (Acc. to I.) Roundly: ut in orbem quam rotundissime formetur, Col. Arb. 5, 2.
        2. * b. (Acc. to II.) Roundly, smoothly, elegantly: a te quidem apte ac rotunde, Cic. Fin. 4, 3, 7.

Rōxānē, ēs, f., = Ῥωξάνη, a daughter of the Persian Oxyartes, wife of Alexander the Great, Curt. 8, 4, 23; 10, 6, 9; 10, 6, 13; Just. 12, 15, 9; 15, 2, 4 al.

Roxolāni (Rhox-), ōrum, m., a people upon the rivers Don and Dnieper, Spart. Hadr. 6; Inscr. Murat. 2099, 7; Inscr. Grut. 453.

1. rŭbĕus (rŏbeus and rŏbus; cf. Fest. s. v. robum, p. 264 Müll.), a, um, adj. [rubeo], red, reddish: color, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 8; Col. 6, 1 fin.; 8, 2, 8; Pall. Mart. 11, 2: bos, Col. 6, 1, 2: asinus, Pall. Mart. 14, 3.

Rūsellae (Rōsell-), ārum, f., a town of Etruria, now Rosello.
Hence, Rūsel-lānus (Rōsell-), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Rusellœ: ager, Liv. 10, 4; 37: colonia, Plin. 3, 5, 8, § 51.
Subst.: Rūsel-lāni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Rusellœ, Liv. 28, 45 fin.