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prae-ĕo (sometimes written in inscrr. with one e, PRAERAT, etc.), īvi and ĭi, ĭtum, īre, v. n. and a., to go before, lead the way, precede (syn.: praegredior, antecedo).

  1. I. Lit.
          1. (α) Neutr.: ut consulibus lictores praeirent, Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 55: domino praeire, Stat. Th. 6, 519: Laevinus Romam praeivit, Liv. 26, 27 fin.: praetor dictus, qui praeiret jure et exercitu, Varr. L. L. 5, § 80 Müll.; cf.: in re militari praetor dictus, qui praeiret exercitui, id. ib. 5, 16, § 87 ib.: praeeunte carinā, Verg. A. 5, 186; Ov. F. 1, 81.
          2. (β) Act.: per avia ac derupta praeibat eum, Tac. A. 6, 21: ludos Circenses eburna effigies (Germanici) praeiret, id. ib. 2, 83.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. In gen., to go before, precede (rare but class.).
          1. (α) Neutr.: naturā praeeunte, Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 58.
          2. (β) Act.: acto raptim agmine, ut famam sui praeiret, to outstrip, Tac. A. 15, 4.
    2. B. In partic., a relig. and publicist’s t. t., to precede one in reciting a formula (as of prayer, consecration, an oath, etc.), i. e. to repeat first, to dictate any thing (the predom. signif. of the word); constr. most freq. with aliquid (alicui), and less freq. with verbis, voce, or absol.
          1. (α) Aliquid (alicui): praei verba, quibus me pro legionibus devoveam, Liv. 8, 9, 4: aedem Concordiae dedicavit, coactusque pontifex maximus verba praeire, to dictate the formula of consecration, id. 9, 46, 6; cf. id. 4, 21, 5; 5, 41, 3; 10, 28, 14: praeeuntibus exsecrabile carmen sacerdotibus, id. 31, 17: sacramentum, Tac. H. 1, 36; 2, 74: obsecrationem, Suet. Claud. 22: cum scriba ex publicis tabulis sollemne ei praecationis carmen praeiret, Val. Max. 4, 1, 10.
          2. (β) Praeire verbis: praei verbis quid vis, Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 48.
          3. (γ) Absol., with dat. of the person: praeivimus commilitonibus jusjurandum more sollemni praestantibus, Plin. Ep. 10,52 (60): de scripto praeire, to read before, Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 12: ades, Luculle, Servili, dum dedico domum Ciceronis, ut mihi praeeatis, Cic. Dom. 52, 133.
      1. 2. Transf., apart from technical lang., to recite, read, sing, or play before one (rare but class.): ut vobis voce praeirent, quid judicaretis, Cic. Mil. 2, 3: si legentibus singulis praeire semper ipsi velint, wish to read before, Quint. 2, 5, 3; 1, 2, 12; and: praeeunte aliquā jucundā voce, id. 1, 10, 16: tibiam Caio Graccho cum populo agenti praeisse ac praemonstrasse modulos ferunt, Gell. 1, 11, 10.
        1. b. In partic., to lead the way, by orders, directions, precepts: omnia, uti decemviri praeierunt, facta, Liv. 43, 13 fin. (cf. praefor): si de omni quoque officio judicis praeire tibi me vis, Gell. 14, 2, 12.
          Hence, praeiens, Part., going before; as subst.: praeiens, euntis, m., he who precedes another, as a precentor or leader: lectio non omnis nec semper praeeunte eget, Quint. 1, 2, 12.

prae-ĭcĭo (prae-jăcĭo or praejĭcĭo, Fest. s. v. pone, p. 249 Müll.), jēci, jactum, 3, v. a., to cast or throw up in front (post-Aug.).

  1. I. Lit.: moles, Col. 8, 17.
  2. II. Trop., to cast up, object, utter reproachfully: multis in contumeliam Graecorum praejactis probris, Dictys Cret. B. Troj. 2, 24.

prae-iens, euntis, Part., v. praeeo fin.

prae-infundo, fūdi, fūsum, 3, v. a., to pour into beforehand (post-class.), Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 34.

* prae-innŭo, ĕre, v. a., to indicate beforehand, Varr. ap. Non. 91, 4 dub. (al. pertimuerint).

prae-jăcĕo, ŭi, 2, v. n., to lie before, be situated in front of any thing (post-Aug.).

        1. (α) With dat.: vastum mare praejacens Asiae, Plin. 4, 12, 24, § 75.
        2. (β) With acc.: campus qui castra praejacet, Tac. A. 12, 36.
        3. (γ) Absol.: praejacentibus stagnis, Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 32.

prae-jăcĭo, v. praeicio.

praejactĭto, āre, v. freq. a., to boast excessively (late Lat.), Cassiod. in Psa. 36, 14.

prae-jactus, a, um, Part., from praejacio.

prae-jĭcĭo, v. praeicio init.

‡ prae-jūdex, ĭcis, m., one who judges beforehand: praejudex, προδικαστής, Gloss. Philox.

praejūdĭcātum, i, n., v. praejudico, P. a. fin.

praejūdĭcātus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from praejudico.

praejūdĭcĭālis, e, adj.

  1. I. Belonging or according to a preceding judgment or decision (post-class.): multam, Cod. Th. 11, 30, 50; Symm. Ep. 10, 51.
  2. II. Of or belonging to a preceding examination: actiones ( = praejudicia), Just. Inst. 4, 6, 13: formulae, Gai. Inst. 4, 44, 94.

prae-jūdĭcĭum, ii, n.

  1. I. Lit., a preceding judgment, sentence, or decision, a precedent (class.): praejudiciorum vis omnis tribus in generibus versatur: rebus, quae aliquando ex paribus causis sunt judicatae, quae exempla rectius dicuntur: judiciis ad ipsam causam pertinentibus: unde etiam nomen ductum est: aut cum de eādem causā pronuntiatum est, etc., Quint. 5, 2, 1: de quo non praejudicium, sed plane judicium jam factum putatur, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 4, 12 (praejudicium dicitur res, quae cum statuta fuerit, affert judicaturis exemplum, quod sequantur: judicium autem res, quae causam litemque determinat, Ascon.): apud eosdem judices reus est factus, cum is duobus praejudiciis jam damnatus esset, Cic. Clu. 22, 59: praejudicium a se de capite C. Verris per hoc judicium nolle fieri, id. Verr. 2, 3, 65, § 152; cf. id. Mur. 28, 60; id. Inv. 2, 20, 59 sq.: Cicero pro Milone non ante narravit, quam praejudiciis omnibus reum liberavit, from all preceding judgments, Quint. 6, 5, 10: postulavit, ne cognitioni Caesaris praejudicium fieret, preceding judgment, precedent, Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 6.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Any thing that precedes another thing in such manner that we can judge or conclude from it what is further to happen, a precedent, example: Pompeius nullo proelio pulsus, vestri facti praejudicio demotus Italiā excessit, by the example of your conduct (which he feared would be imitated), Caes. B. C. 2, 32: an Africi belli praejudicia sequimini? id. ib. fin.: orabat ut se praejudicio juvarem, Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 2: statim quaestor ejus in praejudicium aliquot criminibus arreptus est, as an example of what was to happen to himself, Suet. Caes. 23.
    2. B. A damage, disadvantage, prejudice (post-class.): praejudicium in patrem quaeri, Sen. Ben. 4, 35, 2: absque praejudicio, Gell. 2, 2, 7: neque enim alimentorum causa veritati facit praejudicium, does no harm, Dig. 1, 6, 10: sine ullo litis praejudicio, ib. 26, 2, 27; Vulg. 1 Tim. 5, 21.
    3. C. A judicial examination previous to a trial: quoties de hoc contenditur, an quis libertus sit, etc., … redditur praejudicium, Dig. 40, 14, 6: patronus in praejudicio possessor esse videtur, ib. 22, 3, 18.
    4. D. A decision made beforehand or before the proper time: neminem praejudicium rei tantae afferre, Liv. 3, 40.

prae-jūdĭco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to judge, pass sentence, or decide beforehand, to prejudge (class.).

  1. I. Lit., in the judicial sphere: praejudicare de aliquo majore maleficio, Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 60; id. Verr. 2, 3, 65, § 153.
  2. II. Transf., apart from judicial lang.: de iis censores praejudicent, let the censors give their preliminary judgment (before the case is brought before the judges), Cic. Leg. 3, 20, 47.
    1. B. To be injurious, prejudicial; with dat. (post-class.): res inter alios judicatae aliis non praejudicant, Dig. 42, 1, 63; 47, 10, 7: ingenuitati, Paul. Sent. 5, 3, 3; Ambros. in Luc. 3, 41.
      Hence, praejūdĭcātus, a, um, P. a., decided beforehand, prejudged: praejudicatum eventum belli habetis, Liv. 42, 61: res, Cic. Clu. 17, 49: nihil, id. ib. 44, 124: opinio, a preconceived notion, prejudice, id. N. D. 1, 5, 10.
      Sup.: vir praejudicatissimus, i.e. whose talents are already clearly ascertained, Sid. post Carm. 22.
    2. B. Subst.: praejūdĭ-cātum, i, n.
      1. 1. Something decided beforehand, Liv. 26, 2.
      2. 2. A previous opinion, prepossession, = praejudicium postulo, ut ne quid huc praejudicati afferatis, Cic. Clu. 2, 6.

‡ prae-jūrātĭo, ōnis, f., a previous taking of an oath which others then repeat: praejurationes facere dicuntur hi, qui ante alios conceptis verbis jurant: post quos eadem verba jurantes tantummodo dicunt: Idem in me, Fest. p. 224 Müll.

prae-jŭvo, jūvi, 1, v. a., to aid before (post-Aug.): affectam ejus fidem praejuvisse, Tac. H. 3, 65.